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Elisha Makes an Ax Head Float

Some of the prophets[a] said to Elisha, “Look, the place where we meet with you[b] is too cramped[c] for us. Let’s go to the Jordan. Each of us will get a log from there, and we will build a meeting place for ourselves there.” He said, “Go.” One of them said, “Please come along with your servants.” He replied, “All right, I’ll come.” So he went with them. When they arrived at the Jordan, they started cutting down trees. As one of them was felling a tree, the ax head[d] dropped into the water. He shouted, “Oh no,[e] my master! It was borrowed!” The prophet[f] asked, “Where did it drop in?” When he showed him the spot, Elisha[g] cut off a branch, threw it in at that spot, and made the ax head float. He said, “Lift it out.” So he reached out his hand and grabbed it.

Elisha Defeats an Army

Now the king of Syria was at war with Israel. He consulted his advisers, who said, “Invade[h] at such and such[i] a place.” But the prophet sent this message to the king of Israel, “Make sure you don’t pass through this place because Syria is invading there.” 10 So the king of Israel sent a message to the place the prophet had pointed out, warning it[j] to be on its guard. This happened on several occasions.[k] 11 This made the king of Syria upset.[l] So he summoned his advisers[m] and said to them, “One of us must be helping the king of Israel.”[n] 12 One of his advisers said, “No, my master, O king. The prophet Elisha who lives in Israel keeps telling the king of Israel the things you say in your bedroom.” 13 The king[o] ordered, “Go, find out where he is, so I can send some men to capture him.”[p] The king was told, “He is in Dothan.” 14 So he sent horses and chariots there, along with a good-sized army.[q] They arrived during the night and surrounded the city.

15 The prophet’s[r] attendant got up early in the morning. When he went outside there was an army surrounding the city, along with horses and chariots. He said to Elisha,[s] “Oh no, my master! What will we do?” 16 He replied, “Don’t be afraid, for our side outnumbers them.”[t] 17 Then Elisha prayed, “O Lord, open his eyes so he can see.” The Lord opened the servant’s eyes, and he saw that[u] the hill was full of horses and chariots of fire all around Elisha. 18 As the army approached him,[v] Elisha prayed to the Lord, “Strike these people[w] with blindness.”[x] The Lord[y] struck them with blindness as Elisha requested.[z] 19 Then Elisha said to them, “This is not the right road or city. Follow me, and I will lead you to the man you’re looking for.” He led them to Samaria.

20 When they had entered Samaria, Elisha said, “O Lord, open their eyes, so they can see.” The Lord opened their eyes, and they saw that they were in the middle of Samaria.[aa] 21 When the king of Israel saw them, he asked Elisha, “Should I strike them down,[ab] my master?”[ac] 22 He replied, “Do not strike them down! You did not capture them with your sword or bow, so what gives you the right to strike them down?[ad] Give them some food and water, so they can eat and drink and then go back to their master.” 23 So he threw a big banquet[ae] for them and they ate and drank. Then he sent them back[af] to their master. After that no Syrian raiding parties again invaded the land of Israel.

The Lord Saves Samaria

24 Later King Ben Hadad of Syria assembled his entire army and attacked[ag] and besieged Samaria. 25 Samaria’s food supply ran out.[ah] They laid siege to it so long that[ai] a donkey’s head was selling for eighty shekels of silver[aj] and a quarter of a kab[ak] of dove’s droppings[al] for five shekels of silver.[am]

26 While the king of Israel was passing by on the city wall, a woman shouted to him, “Help us, my master, O king!” 27 He replied, “No, let the Lord help you. How can I help you? The threshing floor and winepress are empty.”[an] 28 Then the king asked her, “What’s your problem?” She answered, “This woman said to me, ‘Hand over your son; we’ll eat him today and then eat my son tomorrow.’ 29 So we boiled my son and ate him. Then I said to her the next day, ‘Hand over your son and we’ll eat him.’ But she hid her son!” 30 When the king heard what the woman said, he tore his clothes. As he was passing by on the wall, the people could see he was wearing sackcloth under his clothes.[ao] 31 Then he said, “May God judge me severely[ap] if Elisha son of Shaphat still has his head by the end of the day!”[aq]

32 Now Elisha was sitting in his house with the community leaders.[ar] The king[as] sent a messenger on ahead, but before he arrived,[at] Elisha[au] said to the leaders,[av] “Do you realize this assassin intends to cut off my head?[aw] Look, when the messenger arrives, shut the door and lean against it. His master will certainly be right behind him.”[ax] 33 He was still talking to them when[ay] the messenger approached[az] and said, “Look, the Lord is responsible for this disaster![ba] Why should I continue to wait for the Lord to help?”

Footnotes

  1. 2 Kings 6:1 tn Heb “the sons of the prophets.”
  2. 2 Kings 6:1 tn Heb “sit before you.”
  3. 2 Kings 6:1 tn Heb “narrow, tight.”
  4. 2 Kings 6:5 tn Heb “iron.”
  5. 2 Kings 6:5 tn Or “ah.”
  6. 2 Kings 6:6 tn Heb “man of God” (also in v. 9).
  7. 2 Kings 6:6 tn Heb “he”; the referent (Elisha) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  8. 2 Kings 6:8 tc The verb form used here is difficult to analyze. On the basis of the form נְחִתִּים (nekhittim) in v. 9 from the root נָחַת (nakhat), it is probably best to emend the verb to תִּנְחְתוּ (tinkhetu; a Qal imperfect form from the same root). The verb נָחַת in at least two other instances carries the nuance “go down, descend” in a military context. For a defense of this view, see M. Cogan and H. Tadmor, II Kings (AB), 72.
  9. 2 Kings 6:8 sn The advisers would have mentioned a specific location, but the details are not significant to the narrator’s purpose, so he simply paraphrases here.
  10. 2 Kings 6:10 tn The vav + perfect here indicates action contemporary with the preceding main verb (“sent”). See IBHS 533-34 §32.2.3e.
  11. 2 Kings 6:10 tn Heb “and the king of Israel sent to the place about which the man of God spoke to him, and he warned it and he guarded himself there, not once and not twice.”
  12. 2 Kings 6:11 tn Heb “and the heart of the king of Syria was stirred up over this thing.”
  13. 2 Kings 6:11 tn Heb “servants.”
  14. 2 Kings 6:11 tn Heb “Will you not tell me who among us [is] for the king of Israel?” The sarcastic rhetorical question expresses the king’s suspicion.
  15. 2 Kings 6:13 tn Heb “he” (also a second time in this verse); the referent (the king) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  16. 2 Kings 6:13 tn Heb “Go and see where he [is] so I can send and take him.”
  17. 2 Kings 6:14 tn Heb “heavy force.”
  18. 2 Kings 6:15 tn Heb “man of God’s.”
  19. 2 Kings 6:15 tn Heb “his young servant said to him.”
  20. 2 Kings 6:16 tn Heb “for those who are with us are more than those who are with them.”
  21. 2 Kings 6:17 tn Heb “and he saw, and look.”
  22. 2 Kings 6:18 tn Heb “and they came down to him.”
  23. 2 Kings 6:18 tn Or “this nation,” perhaps emphasizing the strength of the Syrian army.
  24. 2 Kings 6:18 tn On the basis of the Akkadian etymology of the word, M. Cogan and H. Tadmor (II Kings [AB], 74) translate “blinding light.” HALOT 761 s.v. סַנְוֵרִים suggests the glosses “dazzling, deception.”
  25. 2 Kings 6:18 tn Heb “he”; the referent (the Lord) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  26. 2 Kings 6:18 tn Heb “according to the word of Elisha.”
  27. 2 Kings 6:20 tn Heb “and they saw, and look, [they were] in the middle of Samaria.”
  28. 2 Kings 6:21 tn Heb “Should I strike them down? I will strike them down.” In the Hebrew text the first person imperfect form is repeated; the first form has the interrogative he prefixed to it; the second does not. It is likely that the second form should be omitted as dittographic or that the first should be emended to an infinitive absolute.
  29. 2 Kings 6:21 tn Heb “my father.” The king addresses the prophet in this way to indicate his respect. See 2 Kgs 2:12.
  30. 2 Kings 6:22 tn Heb “Are [they] ones you captured with your sword or your bow (that) you can strike (them) down?”
  31. 2 Kings 6:23 tn Or “held a great feast.”
  32. 2 Kings 6:23 tn Heb “they went back.”
  33. 2 Kings 6:24 tn Heb “went up.”
  34. 2 Kings 6:25 tn Heb “and there was a great famine in Samaria.”
  35. 2 Kings 6:25 tn Heb “and look, [they] were besieging it until.”
  36. 2 Kings 6:25 tn Heb “eighty, silver.” The unit of measurement is omitted.
  37. 2 Kings 6:25 sn A kab was a unit of dry measure, equivalent to approximately 2 quarts (2 liters).
  38. 2 Kings 6:25 tn The consonantal text (Kethib) reads “dove dung” (חֲרֵייוֹנִים, khareyonim), while the marginal reading (Qere) has “discharge” (דִּבְיוֹנִים, divyonim). Based on evidence from Akkadian, M. Cogan and H. Tadmor (II Kings [AB], 79) suggest that “dove’s dung” was a popular name for the inedible husks of seeds.
  39. 2 Kings 6:25 tn Heb “five, silver.” The unit of measurement is omitted.
  40. 2 Kings 6:27 tn Heb “From where can I help you, from the threshing floor or the winepress?” The rhetorical question expresses the king’s frustration. He has no grain or wine to give to the masses.
  41. 2 Kings 6:30 tn Heb “the people saw, and look, [there was] sackcloth against his skin underneath.”
  42. 2 Kings 6:31 tn Heb “So may God do to me, and so may he add.”
  43. 2 Kings 6:31 tn Heb “if the head of Elisha son of Shaphat stays on him today.”
  44. 2 Kings 6:32 tn Heb “and the elders were sitting with him.”
  45. 2 Kings 6:32 tn Heb “he”; the referent (the king) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  46. 2 Kings 6:32 tn Heb “sent a man from before him, before the messenger came to him.”
  47. 2 Kings 6:32 tn Heb “he”; the referent (Elisha) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  48. 2 Kings 6:32 tn Heb “elders.”
  49. 2 Kings 6:32 tn Heb “Do you see that this son of an assassin has sent to remove my head?”
  50. 2 Kings 6:32 tn Heb “Is not the sound of his master’s footsteps behind him?”
  51. 2 Kings 6:33 tn The Hebrew text also has “look” here.
  52. 2 Kings 6:33 tn Heb “came down to him.”
  53. 2 Kings 6:33 tn Heb “Look, this is a disaster from the Lord.”

The guild prophets said to Elisha, “As you can see, the place where we are living in order to be with you is too small for us. Please allow us to go to the Yarden; each of us will collect a log there, and we’ll build a place there for us to live.” He answered, “Go ahead.” But one of them said, “Please, won’t you come with your servants?” He answered, “All right, I will”; so he went with them. When they arrived at the Yarden, they cut down trees; but as one was felling a tree trunk, the head of his axe fell in the water. “Oh, no!” he cried. “My master, it was a borrowed one!” The man of God asked, “Where did it fall?” He showed him the place. Then Elisha cut a stick, threw it in there, and the iron axe-head floated to the surface. “Lift it out,” he said. So he put out his hand and took it.

Now the king of Aram went to war against Isra’el; and in consulting his servants he said, “I’ll set up my ambush camp in such-and-such a place.” The man of God sent this message to the king of Isra’el: “Be careful not to go past such-and-such a place, because Aram will attack there.” 10 So the king of Isra’el sent men to the place the man of God had told him and warned him about, and he took special precautions there. This happened more than once or twice, 11 and it greatly upset the king of Aram. He called his servants and said to them, “Tell me which of you is betraying us to the king of Isra’el?” 12 One of his servants replied, “It’s not that, my lord, king. Rather, Elisha, the prophet who is in Isra’el, tells the king of Isra’el the words you speak privately in your own bedroom!” 13 He said, “Go and see where he is, so that I can send and bring him here.” They told him, “He’s in Dotan.”

14 So he sent horses, chariots and a large army there; they came by night and surrounded the city. 15 The servant of the man of God got up early in the morning; on going outside, he saw an army with horses and chariots surrounding the city. His servant said to him, “Oh, my master, this is terrible! What are we going to do?” 16 He answered, “Don’t be afraid — those who are with us outnumber those who are with them!” 17 Elisha prayed, “Adonai, I ask you to open his eyes, so that he can see.” Then Adonai opened the young man’s eyes, and he saw: there before him, all around Elisha, the mountain was covered with horses and fiery chariots. 18 When they came down to him, Elisha prayed to Adonai, “Please strike these people blind”; and he struck them blind, as Elisha had asked. 19 Next, Elisha told them, “You’ve lost your way, and this isn’t even the right city. Follow me, and I’ll take you to the man you’re looking for.” Then he led them to Shomron. 20 On their arrival in Shomron, Elisha said, “Adonai, open the eyes of these men, so that they can see.” Adonai opened their eyes, and they saw: there they were, in the middle of Shomron.

21 When the king of Isra’el saw them, he asked Elisha, “My father, should I attack them? Should I attack them?” 22 He answered, “Don’t attack them! You wouldn’t even attack prisoners you had captured with your own sword and bow, would you? So give them food to eat and water to drink, and let them return to their master.” 23 So he provided well for them; and after they had eaten and drunk, he sent them away; and they returned to their master. After that, no more raiding parties entered the land of Isra’el from Aram.

24 But some time afterwards, Ben-Hadad king of Aram gathered all his army, went up and laid siege to Shomron. 25 At the time, there was a severe famine in Shomron; and they maintained their siege until a donkey’s head sold for eighty pieces of silver and half a pint of doves’ dung for five pieces of silver. 26 As the king of Isra’el was passing by on the wall, a woman cried out to him, “Help, my lord, king!” 27 He said, “If Adonai isn’t helping you, how do you expect me to help you? There isn’t any grain, and there isn’t any wine.” 28 Then the king asked her, “What’s troubling you?” She answered, “This woman said to me, ‘Give me your son, so that we can eat him today; and we’ll eat my son tomorrow.’ 29 So we boiled my son and ate him. The next day I said to her, ‘Give your son, so that we can eat him,’ but she has hidden her son.” 30 When the king heard what the woman said, he tore his clothes. At the time, he was passing by on the wall; and when the people looked, they saw him there with sackcloth against his skin. 31 Then he said, “May God do terrible things to me, and worse ones too, if the head of Elisha the son of Shafat remains on his body by day’s end.” 32 Elisha was sitting in his house, and the leaders were sitting there with him. The king sent a messenger ahead, but before he arrived, Elisha said to the leaders, “Do you see how this son of a murderer has sent someone to remove my head? Look, when the messenger comes, close the door and keep it shut against him. You can hear his master’s footsteps following right behind him!” 33 While he was still speaking, the messenger arrived with this message from the king: “Here, this evil is from Adonai. Why should I wait for Adonai any longer?”