2 Kings 5
New English Translation
Elisha Heals a Syrian General
5 Now Naaman, the commander of the king of Syria’s army, was esteemed and respected by his master,[a] for through him the Lord had given Syria military victories. But this great warrior had a skin disease.[b] 2 Raiding parties went out from Syria and took captive from the land of Israel a young girl, who became a servant to Naaman’s wife. 3 She told her mistress, “If only my master were in the presence of the prophet who is in Samaria! Then he would cure him of his skin disease.”
4 Naaman[c] went and told his master what the girl from the land of Israel had said. 5 The king of Syria said, “Go! I will send a letter to the king of Israel.” So Naaman[d] went, taking with him 10 talents[e] of silver, 6,000 shekels of gold,[f] and 10 suits of clothes. 6 He brought the letter to the king of Israel. It read: “This is a letter of introduction for my servant Naaman,[g] whom I have sent to be cured of his skin disease.” 7 When the king of Israel read the letter, he tore his clothes and said, “Am I God? Can I kill or restore life? Why does he ask me to cure a man of his skin disease?[h] Certainly you must see that he is looking for an excuse to fight me!”[i]
8 When Elisha the prophet[j] heard that the king of Israel had torn his clothes, he sent this message to the king, “Why did you tear your clothes? Send him[k] to me so he may know there is a prophet in Israel.” 9 So Naaman came with his horses and chariots and stood in the doorway of Elisha’s house. 10 Elisha sent out a messenger who told him, “Go and wash seven times in the Jordan; your skin will be restored[l] and you will be healed.” 11 Naaman went away angry. He said, “Look, I thought for sure he would come out, stand there, invoke the name of the Lord his God, wave his hand over the area, and cure the skin disease. 12 The rivers of Damascus, the Abana and Pharpar, are better than any of the waters of Israel![m] Could I not wash in them and be healed?” So he turned around and went away angry. 13 His servants approached and said to him,[n] “O master,[o] if the prophet had told you to do some difficult task,[p] you would have been willing to do it.[q] It seems you should be happy that he simply said, ‘Wash and you will be healed.’[r] 14 So he went down and dipped in the Jordan seven times, as the prophet had instructed.[s] His skin became as smooth as a young child’s[t] and he was healed.
15 He and his entire entourage returned to the prophet. Naaman[u] came and stood before him. He said, “For sure[v] I know that there is no God in all the earth except in Israel! Now, please accept a gift from your servant.” 16 But Elisha[w] replied, “As certainly as the Lord lives (whom I serve),[x] I will take nothing from you.” Naaman[y] insisted that he take it, but he refused. 17 Naaman said, “If not, then please give your servant a load of dirt, enough for a pair of mules to carry,[z] for your servant will never again offer a burnt offering or sacrifice to a god other than the Lord.[aa] 18 May the Lord forgive your servant for this one thing: When my master enters the temple of Rimmon to worship, and he leans on my arm and I bow down in the temple of Rimmon, may the Lord forgive your servant for this.”[ab] 19 Elisha[ac] said to him, “Go in peace.”
When he had gone a short distance,[ad] 20 Gehazi, the prophet Elisha’s servant, thought,[ae] “Look, my master did not accept what this Syrian Naaman offered him.[af] As certainly as the Lord lives, I will run after him and accept something from him.” 21 So Gehazi ran after Naaman. When Naaman saw someone running after him, he got down from his chariot to meet him and asked, “Is everything all right?”[ag] 22 He answered, “Everything is fine.[ah] My master sent me with this message, ‘Look, two servants of the prophets just arrived from the Ephraimite hill country.[ai] Please give them a talent[aj] of silver and two suits of clothes.’” 23 Naaman said, “Please accept two talents of silver.”[ak] He insisted, and tied up two talents of silver in two bags, along with two suits of clothes. He gave them to two of his servants and they carried them for Gehazi.[al] 24 When he arrived at the hill, he took them from the servants[am] and put them in the house. Then he sent the men on their way.[an]
25 When he came and stood before his master, Elisha asked him, “Where have you been, Gehazi?” He answered, “Your servant hasn’t been anywhere.” 26 Elisha[ao] replied, “I was there in spirit when a man turned and got down from his chariot to meet you.[ap] This is not the proper time to accept silver or to accept clothes, olive groves, vineyards, sheep, cattle, and male and female servants.[aq] 27 Therefore Naaman’s skin disease will afflict[ar] you and your descendants forever!” When Gehazi[as] went out from his presence, his skin was as white as snow.[at]
Footnotes
- 2 Kings 5:1 tn Heb “was a great man before his master and lifted up with respect to the face.”
- 2 Kings 5:1 tn For a discussion of מְצֹרָע (metsoraʿ), traditionally translated “leprous,” see M. Cogan and H. Tadmor, II Kings (AB), 63. Naaman probably had a skin disorder of some type, not leprosy/Hansen’s disease.
- 2 Kings 5:4 tn Heb “he”; the referent (Naaman) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
- 2 Kings 5:5 tn Heb “he”; the referent (Naaman) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
- 2 Kings 5:5 tn The Hebrew term כִּכָּר (kikkar, “circle”) refers generally to something that is round. When used of metals it can refer to a disk-shaped weight made of the metal or to a standard unit of weight, generally regarded as a talent. Since the accepted weight for a talent of metal is about 75 pounds, this would have amounted to about 750 pounds of silver (cf. NCV, NLT, CEV).
- 2 Kings 5:5 tn Heb “six thousand gold […].” The unit of measure is not given in the Hebrew text. A number of English versions supply “pieces” (e.g., KJV, ASV, NAB, TEV) or “shekels” (e.g., NASB, NIV, NRSV).
- 2 Kings 5:6 tn Heb “and now when this letter comes to you, look, I have sent to you Naaman my servant.”
- 2 Kings 5:7 tn Heb “Am I God, killing and restoring life, that this one sends to me to cure a man from his skin disease?” In the Hebrew text this is one lengthy rhetorical question, which has been divided up in the translation for stylistic reasons.
- 2 Kings 5:7 tn Heb “Indeed, know and see that he is seeking an occasion with respect to me.”
- 2 Kings 5:8 tn Heb “man of God” (also in vv. 15, 20).
- 2 Kings 5:8 tn Heb “Let him come.”
- 2 Kings 5:10 tn Heb “will return to you.”
- 2 Kings 5:12 tn Heb “Are not Abana and Pharpar, the rivers of Damascus, better than all of the waters of Israel?” The rhetorical question expects an emphatic “yes” as an answer.
- 2 Kings 5:13 tn Heb “They spoke to him. They said.”
- 2 Kings 5:13 tn Heb “my father,” reflecting the perspective of each individual servant. To address their master as “father” would emphasize his authority and express their respect. See BDB 3 s.v. אָב and the similar idiomatic use of “father” in 2 Kgs 2:12.
- 2 Kings 5:13 tn Heb “a great thing.”
- 2 Kings 5:13 tn Heb “would you not do [it]?” The rhetorical question expects the answer, “Of course you would.”
- 2 Kings 5:13 tn Heb “How much more [when] he said, “Wash and be healed.” The second imperative (“be healed”) states the expected result of obeying the first (‘wash”).
- 2 Kings 5:14 tn Heb “according to the word of the man of God.”
- 2 Kings 5:14 tn Heb “and his skin was restored, like the skin of a small child.”
- 2 Kings 5:15 tn Heb “he”; the referent (Naaman) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
- 2 Kings 5:15 tn Heb “look.”
- 2 Kings 5:16 tn Heb “he”; the referent (Elisha) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
- 2 Kings 5:16 tn Heb “before whom I stand.”
- 2 Kings 5:16 tn Heb “he”; the referent (Naaman) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
- 2 Kings 5:17 tn Heb “and [if] not, may there be given to your servant a load [for] a pair of mules, earth.”
- 2 Kings 5:17 tn Heb “for your servant will not again make a burnt offering and sacrifice to other gods, only to the Lord.”
- 2 Kings 5:18 tn Heb “When my master enters the house of Rimmon to bow down there, and he leans on my hand and I bow down [in] the house of Rimmon, when I bow down [in] the house of Rimmon, may the Lord forgive your servant for this thing.”sn Rimmon was the Syrian storm god. See M. Cogan and H. Tadmor, II Kings (AB), 65.
- 2 Kings 5:19 tn Heb “he”; the referent (Elisha) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
- 2 Kings 5:19 tn Heb “and he went from him a distance of land.” The precise meaning of כִּבְרַה (kivrah) “distance,” is uncertain. See BDB 460 s.v. כִּבְרַה, and HALOT 459-60 s.v. II *כְּבָרַה, and M. Cogan and H. Tadmor, II Kings (AB), 65.
- 2 Kings 5:20 tn Heb “said” (i.e., to himself).
- 2 Kings 5:20 tn Heb “Look, my master spared this Syrian Naaman by not taking from his hand what he brought.”
- 2 Kings 5:21 tn Heb “Is there peace?”
- 2 Kings 5:22 tn Heb “peace.”
- 2 Kings 5:22 tn Heb “Look now, here, two servants came to me from the Ephraimite hill country, from the sons of the prophets.”
- 2 Kings 5:22 tn The Hebrew term כִּכָּר (kikkar, “circle”) refers generally to something that is round. When used of metals it can refer to a disk-shaped weight made of the metal or to a standard unit of weight, generally regarded as a talent. Since the accepted weight for a talent of metal is about 75 pounds, this would have amounted to about 75 pounds of silver (cf. NCV, NLT, CEV).
- 2 Kings 5:23 tn Heb “Be resolved and accept two talents.”
- 2 Kings 5:23 tn Heb “before him.”
- 2 Kings 5:24 tn Heb “from their hand.”
- 2 Kings 5:24 tn Heb “and he sent the men away and they went.”
- 2 Kings 5:26 tn Heb “he”; the referent (Elisha) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
- 2 Kings 5:26 tn Heb “Did not my heart go as a man turned from his chariot to meet you?” The rhetorical question emphasizes that he was indeed present in “heart” (or “spirit”) and was very much aware of what Gehazi had done. In the MT the interrogative particle has been accidentally omitted before the negative particle.
- 2 Kings 5:26 tn In the MT the statement is phrased as a rhetorical question, “Is this the time…?” It expects an emphatic negative response.
- 2 Kings 5:27 tn Heb “cling to.”
- 2 Kings 5:27 tn Heb “he”; the referent (Gehazi) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
- 2 Kings 5:27 tn Traditionally, “he went from before him, leprous like snow.” But see the note at 5:1, as well as M. Cogan and H. Tadmor, II Kings (AB), 66.
2 Rois 5
La Bible du Semeur
La guérison de Naaman
5 Naaman, le général en chef de l’armée du roi de Syrie[a], était un homme que son maître, le roi de Syrie, tenait en haute estime et auquel il accordait toute sa faveur, car, par lui, l’Eternel avait accordé la victoire aux Syriens. Hélas, ce valeureux guerrier était atteint d’une maladie de peau rendant impur[b]. 2 Or, au cours d’une incursion dans le territoire d’Israël, des troupes de pillards syriens avaient enlevé une petite fille. A présent, elle était au service de la femme de Naaman. 3 Un jour, elle dit à sa maîtresse : Si seulement mon maître pouvait aller auprès du prophète qui habite à Samarie ! Cet homme le guérirait de sa maladie.
4 Naaman répéta au roi les propos de la jeune fille du pays d’Israël. 5 Alors le roi de Syrie lui dit : C’est bien ! Rends-toi là-bas. Je vais te donner une lettre pour le roi d’Israël[c].
Ainsi Naaman se mit en route, emportant trois cent cinquante kilos d’argent, soixante-dix kilos d’or et dix vêtements de rechange. 6 Arrivé à Samarie, il remit au roi d’Israël la lettre dans laquelle il était dit : « Tu recevras ce message par l’intermédiaire de mon général Naaman que je t’envoie pour que tu le guérisses de sa maladie de la peau. »
7 Quand le roi d’Israël eut pris connaissance du contenu de cette lettre, il déchira ses vêtements[d] et s’écria : Est-ce que je suis Dieu, moi ? Est-ce que je suis le maître de la vie et de la mort pour que cet homme me demande de guérir quelqu’un de sa maladie de la peau ? Reconnaissez donc et voyez qu’il me cherche querelle.
8 Lorsque Elisée, l’homme de Dieu, apprit que le roi d’Israël avait déchiré ses vêtements, il lui fit dire : Pourquoi as-tu déchiré tes vêtements ? Que cet homme vienne donc me voir et il saura qu’il y a un prophète en Israël.
9 Naaman vint donc avec ses chevaux et son char, et attendit devant la porte de la maison d’Elisée. 10 Celui-ci lui fit dire par un envoyé : Va te laver sept fois dans le Jourdain et tu seras complètement purifié.
11 Naaman se mit en colère et il s’en alla en disant : Je pensais que cet homme viendrait en personne vers moi, qu’il se tiendrait là pour invoquer l’Eternel, son Dieu, puis qu’il passerait sa main sur la partie malade et me guérirait de ma maladie de la peau. 12 Les fleuves de Damas, l’Amana et le Parpar[e], ne valent-ils pas mieux que tous les cours d’eau d’Israël ? Ne pourrais-je pas m’y baigner pour être purifié ?
Il fit donc demi-tour et partit furieux. 13 Mais ses serviteurs s’approchèrent de lui pour lui dire : Maître, si ce prophète t’avait ordonné quelque chose de difficile, ne le ferais-tu pas ? A plus forte raison devrais-tu faire ce qu’il t’a dit, s’il ne te demande que de te laver dans l’eau, pour être purifié.
14 Alors Naaman descendit dans le Jourdain et s’y trempa sept fois, comme l’homme de Dieu le lui avait ordonné, et sa chair redevint nette comme celle d’un jeune enfant : il était complètement purifié.
15 Il retourna vers l’homme de Dieu avec toute son escorte. Lorsqu’il fut arrivé, il se présenta à lui en disant : Voici : je reconnais qu’il n’y a pas d’autre Dieu sur toute la terre que celui d’Israël. Maintenant, accepte, je te prie, un cadeau de la part de ton serviteur.
16 Elisée répondit : Aussi vrai que l’Eternel que je sers est vivant, je n’accepterai rien.
Naaman insista, mais Elisée persista dans son refus. 17 Alors Naaman dit : Puisque tu refuses tout cadeau, permets-moi du moins d’emporter un peu de terre de ton pays, juste autant que deux mulets peuvent en porter, car dorénavant ton serviteur ne veut plus offrir ni holocauste ni sacrifice de communion à d’autre dieu qu’à l’Eternel. 18 Seulement, que l’Eternel veuille me pardonner la chose suivante : quand mon souverain se rend dans le temple du dieu Rimmôn pour s’y prosterner, je dois me prosterner en même temps que lui car il s’appuie sur mon bras. Que l’Eternel pardonne donc ce geste à ton serviteur.
19 Elisée lui dit : Va en paix !
Et Naaman le quitta.
La faute et le châtiment de Guéhazi
Lorsque Naaman eut parcouru une certaine distance, 20 Guéhazi, le serviteur d’Elisée l’homme de Dieu, se dit : Mon maître a voulu ménager ce Syrien, Naaman, et il l’a laissé partir sans accepter aucun des cadeaux qu’il lui avait apportés. Aussi vrai que l’Eternel est vivant, je vais le rattraper et j’obtiendrai certainement quelque chose de lui.
21 Guéhazi se mit donc à courir après Naaman. Lorsque celui-ci le vit accourir, il sauta de son char et se précipita vers lui.
– Est-ce que tout va bien, lui demanda-t-il ?
22 – Oui, tout va bien, répondit Guéhazi. Mon maître m’envoie te dire : « A l’instant, deux jeunes disciples des prophètes viennent d’arriver chez moi de la région montagneuse d’Ephraïm. Peux-tu me donner pour eux trente-cinq kilos d’argent, je te prie, et deux vêtements de rechange ? »
23 Naaman lui dit : Fais-moi le plaisir d’accepter soixante-dix kilos d’argent !
Il insista auprès de lui pour qu’il accepte et mit lui-même les soixante-dix kilos d’argent dans deux sacs qu’il lui donna. Il lui remit aussi deux vêtements d’apparat que deux de ses serviteurs portèrent devant Guéhazi. 24 Quand Guéhazi fut arrivé à la colline située près de l’entrée de la ville, il prit les objets de leurs mains, les déposa chez lui, et renvoya les deux serviteurs qui s’en allèrent. 25 Puis il alla lui-même se présenter à son maître. Elisée lui demanda : D’où viens-tu, Guéhazi ?
Il répondit : Ton serviteur n’est allé nulle part.
26 Mais Elisée lui dit : Crois-tu que mon esprit n’était pas avec toi lorsque cet homme a sauté de son char pour aller à ta rencontre ? Penses-tu que c’est le moment de prendre de l’argent et d’acquérir des vêtements, puis des oliviers, des vignes, des brebis et des bœufs, des serviteurs et des servantes ? 27 Puisque tu as fait cela, la maladie de la peau de Naaman s’attachera à toi et à tes descendants pour toujours.
Alors Guéhazi quitta Elisée ; il y avait sur sa peau des taches blanches comme neige[f].
Footnotes
- 5.1 Ce roi était sans doute Ben-Hadad II (8.7 ; 13.3 ; voir 1 R 20.1 et note).
- 5.1 Voir Lv 13.2. Versets 1-14 : allusion en Lc 4.27.
- 5.5 C’est-à-dire Yoram (cf. 1.17 ; 3.1 ; 9.24). Les troubles frontaliers n’avaient pas anéanti la paix officielle établie par traité entre les deux royaumes.
- 5.7 En signe de consternation.
- 5.12 L’Amana (ou Abana) correspond au Barada actuel venant de l’Anti-Liban et traversant Damas, le « fleuve d’or » des Grecs, célèbre pour la pureté de ses eaux. Le Parpar jaillit de l’Hermon et se jette dans un lac au sud-est de Damas.
- 5.27 L’apparition de taches blanches signalait une maladie de peau rendant rituellement impur (cf. Ex 4.6 ; Lv 13.3 ; Nb 12.10).
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