L’autel et la grande cuve

Salomon fit fabriquer un autel de bronze de dix mètres sur dix et cinq mètres de haut[a].

(1 R 7.23-26)

Puis il fit faire la grande cuve ronde en métal fondu. Elle mesurait cinq mètres de diamètre, deux mètres cinquante de hauteur, un cordeau de quinze mètres mesurait sa circonférence. Au-dessous d’elle, sur tout le pourtour, se trouvaient deux rangées de représentations de bœufs[b] coulés d’une seule pièce avec la cuve. Il y en avait dix par demi-mètre. La cuve elle-même reposait sur douze bœufs de bronze ayant leurs têtes tournées trois par trois vers le nord, l’ouest, le sud et l’est, alors que la partie postérieure de leur corps était tournée vers l’intérieur et portait la cuve. La paroi de la cuve avait huit centimètres d’épaisseur et son rebord était façonné comme celui d’une coupe en forme de pétale de lis. Elle pouvait contenir environ quarante mille litres d’eau.

Salomon fit encore fabriquer dix bassins[c] ; il les fit disposer cinq à droite et cinq à gauche du Temple pour les lavages. Ils servaient à nettoyer les ustensiles destinés à offrir les holocaustes. La grande cuve servait aux purifications des prêtres.

Les accessoires du culte

Salomon fit fabriquer les dix chandeliers d’or selon le modèle prescrit, puis on les plaça dans la grande salle du Temple, cinq à droite et cinq à gauche[d]. Il fit faire dix tables que l’on disposa également dans la grande salle : cinq à droite et cinq à gauche. Il fit aussi façonner cent coupes d’aspersion en or[e]. Il fit aménager le parvis des prêtres et la grande cour, il fit fabriquer les portes de la cour et revêtir leurs battants de bronze.

(1 R 7.38-51)

10 La grande cuve fut placée du côté droit du Temple, vers l’angle sud-est. 11 Houram fabriqua les chaudrons, les pelles et les coupes à aspersion.

Récapitulation des objets fabriqués pour le Temple

Houram termina ainsi le travail que le roi Salomon lui avait confié dans le temple de Dieu : 12 les deux colonnes avec les chapiteaux évasés qui les surmontaient, les deux treillis pour recouvrir les évasements de ces chapiteaux, 13 les quatre cents grenades accrochées aux treillis – deux rangées de grenades par treillis – 14 les dix chariots et les dix bassins placés dessus, 15 la grande cuve, unique en son genre, et les douze bœufs qui la supportaient, 16 les chaudrons, les pelles et les crochets à viande. Houram-Abi avait fabriqué en bronze poli, pour Salomon, tous les objets destinés au temple de l’Eternel. 17 Le roi les fit fondre dans la plaine du Jourdain, dans des couches d’argile, entre Soukkoth et Tserédata. 18 Salomon fit fabriquer tous ces objets en si grande quantité qu’on ne pouvait évaluer le poids de bronze utilisé.

19 Il fit encore fabriquer tous les autres objets destinés au temple de Dieu : l’autel des parfums en or, les tables sur lesquelles on plaçait les pains exposés devant l’Eternel[f], 20 les chandeliers d’or fin avec leurs lampes, que l’on devait allumer selon la règle devant la salle du fond, 21 avec leurs fleurons, leurs lampes et les mouchettes en or, en or très pur, 22 les couteaux, les calices, les coupes et les brasiers d’or fin, ainsi que les gonds en or pour les portes de l’intérieur du Temple, à l’entrée du lieu très saint, et pour les portes de la grande salle, à l’entrée du Temple.

Footnotes

  1. 4.1 Voir Ex 27.1-2. Cet autel était quatre fois plus long, quatre fois plus large et trois fois plus haut que celui du tabernacle de Moïse.
  2. 4.3 Dans 1 R 7.24, il s’agit de coloquintes. En hébreu, les deux mots se ressemblent, ce qui expliquerait une erreur de copiste dans l’un des deux textes.
  3. 4.6 Voir Ex 30.17-21.
  4. 4.7 Voir Ex 25.31-40.
  5. 4.8 Voir Ex 25.23-30.
  6. 4.19 Voir Lv 24.5-9.

Furnishings of the Temple(A)

Moreover he made (B)a bronze altar: twenty cubits was its length, twenty cubits its width, and ten cubits its height.

(C)Then he made the [a]Sea of cast bronze, ten cubits from one brim to the other; it was completely round. Its height was five cubits, and a line of thirty cubits measured its circumference. (D)And under it was the likeness of oxen encircling it all around, ten to a cubit, all the way around the Sea. The oxen were cast in two rows, when it was cast. It stood on twelve (E)oxen: three looking toward the north, three looking toward the west, three looking toward the south, and three looking toward the east; the Sea was set upon them, and all their back parts pointed inward. It was a handbreadth thick; and its brim was shaped like the brim of a cup, like a lily blossom. It contained [b]three thousand baths.

He also made (F)ten lavers, and put five on the right side and five on the left, to wash in them; such things as they offered for the burnt offering they would wash in them, but the [c]Sea was for the (G)priests to wash in. (H)And he made ten lampstands of gold (I)according to their design, and set them in the temple, five on the right side and five on the left. (J)He also made ten tables, and placed them in the temple, five on the right side and five on the left. And he made one hundred (K)bowls of gold.

Furthermore (L)he made the court of the priests, and the (M)great court and doors for the court; and he overlaid these doors with bronze. 10 (N)He set the Sea on the right side, toward the southeast.

11 Then (O)Huram made the pots and the shovels and the bowls. So Huram finished doing the work that he was to do for King Solomon for the house of God: 12 the two pillars and (P)the bowl-shaped capitals that were on top of the two pillars; the two networks covering the two bowl-shaped capitals which were on top of the pillars; 13 (Q)four hundred pomegranates for the two networks (two rows of pomegranates for each network, to cover the two bowl-shaped capitals that were on the pillars); 14 he also made (R)carts and the lavers on the carts; 15 one Sea and twelve oxen under it; 16 also the pots, the shovels, the forks—and all their articles (S)Huram his [d]master craftsman made of burnished bronze for King Solomon for the house of the Lord.

17 In the plain of Jordan the king had them cast in clay molds, between Succoth and [e]Zeredah. 18 (T)And Solomon had all these articles made in such great abundance that the weight of the bronze was not determined.

19 Thus (U)Solomon had all the furnishings made for the house of God: the altar of gold and the tables on which was (V)the showbread; 20 the lampstands with their lamps of pure gold, to burn (W)in the prescribed manner in front of the inner sanctuary, 21 with (X)the flowers and the lamps and the wick-trimmers of gold, of purest gold; 22 the trimmers, the bowls, the ladles, and the censers of pure gold. As for the entry of the [f]sanctuary, its inner doors to the Most Holy Place, and the doors of the main hall of the temple, were gold.

Footnotes

  1. 2 Chronicles 4:2 Great laver or basin
  2. 2 Chronicles 4:5 About 8,000 gallons; two thousand, 1 Kin. 7:26
  3. 2 Chronicles 4:6 Great basin
  4. 2 Chronicles 4:16 Lit. father
  5. 2 Chronicles 4:17 Zaretan, 1 Kin. 7:46
  6. 2 Chronicles 4:22 Lit. house

The Temple’s Furnishings(A)

He made a bronze altar(B) twenty cubits long, twenty cubits wide and ten cubits high.[a] He made the Sea(C) of cast metal, circular in shape, measuring ten cubits from rim to rim and five cubits[b] high. It took a line of thirty cubits[c] to measure around it. Below the rim, figures of bulls encircled it—ten to a cubit.[d] The bulls were cast in two rows in one piece with the Sea.

The Sea stood on twelve bulls, three facing north, three facing west, three facing south and three facing east.(D) The Sea rested on top of them, and their hindquarters were toward the center. It was a handbreadth[e] in thickness, and its rim was like the rim of a cup, like a lily blossom. It held three thousand baths.[f]

He then made ten basins(E) for washing and placed five on the south side and five on the north. In them the things to be used for the burnt offerings(F) were rinsed, but the Sea was to be used by the priests for washing.

He made ten gold lampstands(G) according to the specifications(H) for them and placed them in the temple, five on the south side and five on the north.

He made ten tables(I) and placed them in the temple, five on the south side and five on the north. He also made a hundred gold sprinkling bowls.(J)

He made the courtyard(K) of the priests, and the large court and the doors for the court, and overlaid the doors with bronze. 10 He placed the Sea on the south side, at the southeast corner.

11 And Huram also made the pots and shovels and sprinkling bowls.

So Huram finished(L) the work he had undertaken for King Solomon in the temple of God:

12 the two pillars;

the two bowl-shaped capitals on top of the pillars;

the two sets of network decorating the two bowl-shaped capitals on top of the pillars;

13 the four hundred pomegranates for the two sets of network (two rows of pomegranates for each network, decorating the bowl-shaped capitals on top of the pillars);

14 the stands(M) with their basins;

15 the Sea and the twelve bulls under it;

16 the pots, shovels, meat forks and all related articles.

All the objects that Huram-Abi(N) made for King Solomon for the temple of the Lord were of polished bronze. 17 The king had them cast in clay molds in the plain of the Jordan between Sukkoth(O) and Zarethan.[g] 18 All these things that Solomon made amounted to so much that the weight of the bronze(P) could not be calculated.

19 Solomon also made all the furnishings that were in God’s temple:

the golden altar;

the tables(Q) on which was the bread of the Presence;

20 the lampstands(R) of pure gold with their lamps, to burn in front of the inner sanctuary as prescribed;

21 the gold floral work and lamps and tongs (they were solid gold);

22 the pure gold wick trimmers, sprinkling bowls, dishes(S) and censers;(T) and the gold doors of the temple: the inner doors to the Most Holy Place and the doors of the main hall.

Footnotes

  1. 2 Chronicles 4:1 That is, about 30 feet long and wide and 15 feet high or about 9 meters long and wide and 4.5 meters high
  2. 2 Chronicles 4:2 That is, about 7 1/2 feet or about 2.3 meters
  3. 2 Chronicles 4:2 That is, about 45 feet or about 14 meters
  4. 2 Chronicles 4:3 That is, about 18 inches or about 45 centimeters
  5. 2 Chronicles 4:5 That is, about 3 inches or about 7.5 centimeters
  6. 2 Chronicles 4:5 That is, about 18,000 gallons or about 66,000 liters
  7. 2 Chronicles 4:17 Hebrew Zeredatha, a variant of Zarethan