David, Bathsheba, and Uriah

11 It happened in the spring of the year, at the (A)time when kings go out to battle, that (B)David sent Joab and his servants with him, and all Israel; and they destroyed the people of Ammon and besieged (C)Rabbah. But David remained at Jerusalem.

Then it happened one evening that David arose from his bed (D)and walked on the roof of the king’s house. And from the roof he (E)saw a woman bathing, and the woman was very beautiful to behold. So David sent and inquired about the woman. And someone said, “Is this not [a]Bathsheba, the daughter of [b]Eliam, the wife (F)of Uriah the (G)Hittite?” Then David sent messengers, and took her; and she came to him, and (H)he lay with her, for she was (I)cleansed from her impurity; and she returned to her house. And the woman conceived; so she sent and told David, and said, “I am with child.”

Then David sent to Joab, saying, “Send me Uriah the Hittite.” And Joab sent Uriah to David. When Uriah had come to him, David asked how Joab was doing, and how the people were doing, and how the war prospered. And David said to Uriah, “Go down to your house and (J)wash your feet.” So Uriah departed from the king’s house, and a gift of food from the king followed him. But Uriah slept at the (K)door of the king’s house with all the servants of his lord, and did not go down to his house. 10 So when they told David, saying, “Uriah did not go down to his house,” David said to Uriah, “Did you not come from a journey? Why did you not go down to your house?”

11 And Uriah said to David, (L)“The ark and Israel and Judah are dwelling in tents, and (M)my lord Joab and the servants of my lord are encamped in the open fields. Shall I then go to my house to eat and drink, and to lie with my wife? As you live, and as your soul lives, I will not do this thing.”

12 Then David said to Uriah, “Wait here today also, and tomorrow I will let you depart.” So Uriah remained in Jerusalem that day and the next. 13 Now when David called him, he ate and drank before him; and he made him (N)drunk. And at evening he went out to lie on his bed (O)with the servants of his lord, but he did not go down to his house.

14 In the morning it happened that David (P)wrote a letter to Joab and sent it by the hand of Uriah. 15 And he wrote in the letter, saying, “Set Uriah in the forefront of the [c]hottest battle, and retreat from him, that he may (Q)be struck down and die.” 16 So it was, while Joab besieged the city, that he assigned Uriah to a place where he knew there were valiant men. 17 Then the men of the city came out and fought with Joab. And some of the people of the servants of David fell; and Uriah the Hittite died also.

18 Then Joab sent and told David all the things concerning the war, 19 and charged the messenger, saying, “When you have finished telling the matters of the war to the king, 20 if it happens that the king’s wrath rises, and he says to you: ‘Why did you approach so near to the city when you fought? Did you not know that they would shoot from the wall? 21 Who struck (R)Abimelech the son of [d]Jerubbesheth? Was it not a woman who cast a piece of a millstone on him from the wall, so that he died in Thebez? Why did you go near the wall?’—then you shall say, ‘Your servant Uriah the Hittite is dead also.’ ”

22 So the messenger went, and came and told David all that Joab had sent by him. 23 And the messenger said to David, “Surely the men prevailed against us and came out to us in the field; then we drove them back as far as the entrance of the gate. 24 The archers shot from the wall at your servants; and some of the king’s servants are dead, and your servant Uriah the Hittite is dead also.”

25 Then David said to the messenger, “Thus you shall say to Joab: ‘Do not let this thing [e]displease you, for the sword devours one as well as another. Strengthen your attack against the city, and overthrow it.’ So encourage him.”

26 When the wife of Uriah heard that Uriah her husband was dead, she mourned for her husband. 27 And when her mourning was over, David sent and brought her to his house, and she (S)became his wife and bore him a son. But the thing that David had done (T)displeased[f] the Lord.

Footnotes

  1. 2 Samuel 11:3 Bathshua, 1 Chr. 3:5
  2. 2 Samuel 11:3 Ammiel, 1 Chr. 3:5
  3. 2 Samuel 11:15 fiercest
  4. 2 Samuel 11:21 Jerubbaal (Gideon), Judg. 6:32ff.
  5. 2 Samuel 11:25 Lit. be evil in your sight
  6. 2 Samuel 11:27 Lit. was evil in the eyes of

David Commits Adultery with Bathsheba

11 It came about in the spring,[a] at the time kings[b] go out, David sent Joab and his servants with him and all of Israel. They ravaged all of the Ammonites[c] and besieged Rabbah, but David was remaining in Jerusalem. It happened late one afternoon[d] that David got up from his bed and walked about on the roof of the king’s house, and he saw a woman bathing on her[e] roof. Now the woman was very beautiful.[f] David sent and inquired about the woman, and someone said, “Is this not Bathsheba the daughter of Eliam, the wife of Uriah the Hittite?” Then David sent messengers and took her, and she came to him, and he slept with her. (Now she had been purifying herself from her uncleanness.) And she returned to her house. The woman became pregnant, and she sent and told David, and she said, “I am pregnant.” So David sent to Joab, “Send Uriah the Hittite to me.” So Joab sent Uriah to David. Uriah came to him, and David asked how Joab and the army fared and how the war was going.[g] David said to Uriah, “Go down to your house, and wash your feet.” So Uriah went out from the king’s house, and a gift from the king went out after him. But Uriah slept at the entrance of the king’s house with all the servants of his master and did not go down to his house. 10 They told David, “Uriah did not go down to his house.” David said to Uriah, “Are you not coming from a journey? Why did you not go down to your house?” 11 Uriah said to David, “The ark and Israel and Judah are living in the booths; and my lord Joab and the servants of my lord are camping on the surface of the open field; and I, shall I go to my house to eat and to drink and to sleep with my wife? By your life and the life of your soul, I surely will not do this thing.” 12 David said to Uriah, “Remain here today,[h] and tomorrow I will send you away.” So Uriah remained in Jerusalem on that day and the next. 13 David invited him, and he ate and drank in his presence so that he became drunk,[i] and he went out in the evening to lie on his bed with the servants of his lord, but he did not go down to his house. 14 And it happened in the morning, David wrote a letter to Joab, and he sent it by the hand of Uriah. 15 He had written in the letter, “Put Uriah in the front, in the face of the fiercest fighting, then draw back from behind him so that he may be struck down and die.”

16 When Joab was besieging[j] the city, he put Uriah toward the place which he knew there were valiant warriors.[k] 17 The men of the city came out and fought with Joab. Some from the army from the servants of David fell; Uriah the Hittite also died. 18 Joab sent and told David all of the news of the battle. 19 He instructed the messenger, saying, “As you are finishing to speak all the news of the battle to the king, 20 if the anger of the king rises and he says to you, ‘Why did you go near the city to fight? Did you not know that they would shoot from atop the wall? 21 Who killed Abimelech the son of Jerub-bosheth,[l] if not a woman who threw an upper millstone on him from atop the wall and he died at Thebez? Why did you go near the wall?’ Then you shall say, ‘Your servant Uriah the Hittite also died.’” 22 Then the messenger left, and he came and told David all that Joab had sent him to say. 23 The messenger said to David, “Because the men overpowered us,[m] the men came out to us in the field, but we forced them back[n] to the entrance of the gate. 24 The archers shot at your servant from atop the wall, and some of the servants of the king died; your servant Uriah the Hittite also died.” 25 Then David said to the messenger, “Thus you shall say to Joab, ‘Do not feel badly about this matter;[o] now one and then another[p] the sword will devour. Intensify your attack on the city and overthrow it.’” And he encouraged him. 26 When the wife of Uriah heard that Uriah her husband was dead, she mourned over her husband. 27 When the mourning was over, David sent and brought her to his household, and she became his wife and bore him a son. But the thing which David had done was evil in the eyes of Yahweh.

Footnotes

  1. 2 Samuel 11:1 Literally “And it happened at the turn of the year”
  2. 2 Samuel 11:1 According to the reading tradition (Qere); Kethib has “angels” or “messengers”
  3. 2 Samuel 11:1 Literally “sons/children of Ammon”
  4. 2 Samuel 11:2 Literally “at the time of the evening”
  5. 2 Samuel 11:2 Hebrew “the”
  6. 2 Samuel 11:2 Literally “very good of appearance”
  7. 2 Samuel 11:7 Literally “as far as the peace of Joab, as far as the peace of the army, and as far as the peace of the battle”
  8. 2 Samuel 11:12 Literally “also the day”
  9. 2 Samuel 11:13 Literally “and he made him drunk”
  10. 2 Samuel 11:16 Literally “And it happened at the besieging of Joab”
  11. 2 Samuel 11:16 Literally “there were men of ability”
  12. 2 Samuel 11:21 In putting words in David’s mouth, Joab alludes to the story of Abimelech the son of Gideon from Judg 9:52–55. Though Gideon was also known as Jerub-ba’al, Joab conventionally substitutes bosheth (shame) for Ba’al to avoid naming the Canaanite deity
  13. 2 Samuel 11:23 Literally “the men were superior over us”
  14. 2 Samuel 11:23 Literally “we were upon them”
  15. 2 Samuel 11:25 Literally “Do not let his matter be evil in your eyes”
  16. 2 Samuel 11:25 Literally “for as this and as this”