David Takes Consecrated Bread

21 Then David came to (A)Nob, to Ahimelech the priest; and Ahimelech (B)came trembling to meet David and said to him, “Why are you alone, and no one with you?” David said to Ahimelech the priest, “The king has commissioned me with a matter and has said to me, ‘(C)No one is to know anything about the matter on which I am sending you and with which I have commissioned you; and I have directed the young men to a certain place.’ Now then, what [a]do you have on hand? Give [b]me five loaves of bread, or whatever can be found.” The priest answered David and said, “There is no ordinary bread [c]on hand, but there is (D)consecrated bread, if only the young men have (E)kept themselves from women.” David answered the priest and said to him, “(F)Be assured, women have been denied to us as previously when I left and the [d](G)bodies of the young men were consecrated, though it was an ordinary journey; how much more then will [e]their bodies be consecrated today?” So (H)the priest gave him consecrated bread; for there was no bread there except the (I)bread of the Presence which was removed from its place before the Lord, in order to put hot bread in its place on the day it was taken away.

Now one of the servants of Saul was there that day, detained before the Lord; and his name was (J)Doeg the Edomite, the (K)chief of Saul’s shepherds.

David said to Ahimelech, “Now is there no spear or sword [f]on hand? For I brought neither my sword nor my weapons [g]with me, because the king’s matter was urgent.” Then the priest said, “(L)The sword of Goliath the Philistine, whom you [h]killed (M)in the Valley of Elah, behold, it is wrapped in a cloth behind the ephod; if you would take it for yourself, take it. For there is no other except it here.” And David said, “There is none like it; give it to me.”

10 Then David set out and fled that day from Saul, and went to (N)Achish king of Gath. 11 But the (O)servants of Achish said to him, “Is this not David, the king of the land? (P)Did they not sing of this one as they danced, saying,

‘Saul has slain his thousands,
And David his ten thousands’?”

12 David (Q)took these words [i]to heart and greatly feared Achish king of Gath. 13 So he (R)disguised his sanity while in their sight and acted insanely in their [j]custody, and he scribbled on the doors of the gate, and drooled on his beard. 14 Then Achish said to his servants, “Look, you see the man is behaving like an insane person. Why do you bring him to me? 15 Do I lack insane people, that you have brought this one to behave like an insane person in my presence? Shall this one come into my house?”

Priests Killed at Nob

22 So David departed from there and (S)escaped to (T)the cave of Adullam; and when his brothers and all his father’s household heard about it, they went down there to him. Then everyone who was in distress, and everyone who [k]was in debt, and everyone who was [l]discontented gathered to him; and he became captain over them. Now there were (U)about four hundred men with him.

And David went from there to Mizpah of Moab; and he said to the king of Moab, “Please let my father and my mother come and stay with you until I know what God will do for me.” Then he [m]left them with the king of Moab; and they stayed with him all the time that David was in the stronghold. But (V)Gad the prophet said to David, “Do not stay in the stronghold; leave, and go into the land of Judah.” So David left and went into the forest of Hereth.

Then Saul heard that David and the men who were with him had been discovered. Now (W)Saul was in Gibeah, sitting under the tamarisk tree on the height with his spear in his hand, and all his servants were standing in front of him. Saul said to his servants who were standing in front of him, “Hear now, you Benjaminites! Will the son of Jesse really give all of you fields and vineyards? (X)Will he make you all commanders of thousands and commanders of hundreds? For all of you have conspired against me so that there is no one who [n]informs me (Y)when my son makes a covenant with the son of Jesse, and there is none of you (Z)who cares about me or [o]informs me that my son has stirred up my servant against me to lie in ambush, as it is this day.” Then (AA)Doeg the Edomite, who was [p]standing in front of the servants of Saul, responded and said, “(AB)I saw the son of Jesse coming to Nob, to (AC)Ahimelech the son of Ahitub. 10 And (AD)he inquired of the Lord for him, (AE)gave him provisions, and (AF)gave him the sword of Goliath the Philistine.”

11 Then the king sent a messenger to summon Ahimelech the priest, the son of Ahitub, and all his father’s household, the priests who were in Nob; and all of them came to the king. 12 Saul said, “Listen now, son of Ahitub.” And he [q]replied, “Here I am, my lord.” 13 Saul then said to him, “Why have you and the son of Jesse conspired against me, in that you have given him bread and a sword, and have inquired of God for him, so that he would rise up against me (AG)by lying in ambush as it is this day?”

14 (AH)Then Ahimelech answered the king and said, “And who among all your servants is as faithful as David, the king’s own son-in-law, who [r]is commander over your bodyguard, and is honored in your house? 15 Did I just begin (AI)to inquire of God for him today? Far be it from me! (AJ)Do not let the king impute anything against his servant or against any of the household of my father, because your servant knows nothing [s]at all of this whole affair.” 16 But the king said, “You shall certainly die, Ahimelech, you and all your father’s household!” 17 And (AK)the king said to the [t]guards who were attending him, “Turn around and put the priests of the Lord to death, because their hand also is with David and because they knew that he was fleeing and did not [u]inform me.” But the (AL)servants of the king were unwilling to reach out with their hands to [v]attack the priests of the Lord. 18 Then the king said to Doeg, “You, turn around and [w]attack the priests!” And Doeg the Edomite turned around and [x]attacked the priests, and (AM)he killed on that day eighty-five men (AN)who wore the linen ephod. 19 (AO)He also struck Nob the city of the priests with the edge of the sword, both men and women, children and infants; he also struck oxen, donkeys, and sheep with the edge of the sword.

20 But (AP)one son of Ahimelech the son of Ahitub, named Abiathar, (AQ)escaped and fled [y]to David. 21 Abiathar informed David that Saul had killed the priests of the Lord. 22 Then David said to Abiathar, “I knew on that day, when (AR)Doeg the Edomite was there, that he would certainly tell Saul. I myself [z]have turned against every person in your father’s household. 23 Stay with me; do not be afraid, [aa]even though (AS)he who is seeking my life is seeking your life. For you are safe with me.”

Footnotes

  1. 1 Samuel 21:3 Lit is there under your hand?
  2. 1 Samuel 21:3 Lit into my hand
  3. 1 Samuel 21:4 Lit under my hand
  4. 1 Samuel 21:5 Lit vessels
  5. 1 Samuel 21:5 Lit it be holy in the vessel
  6. 1 Samuel 21:8 Lit under your hand
  7. 1 Samuel 21:8 Lit in my hand
  8. 1 Samuel 21:9 Lit struck
  9. 1 Samuel 21:12 Lit in his
  10. 1 Samuel 21:13 Lit hand
  11. 1 Samuel 22:2 Lit had a creditor
  12. 1 Samuel 22:2 Lit bitter of soul
  13. 1 Samuel 22:4 Probable reading of the Heb; MT brought them before
  14. 1 Samuel 22:8 Lit uncovers my ear
  15. 1 Samuel 22:8 Lit uncovers my ear
  16. 1 Samuel 22:9 Or set over
  17. 1 Samuel 22:12 Lit said
  18. 1 Samuel 22:14 As in LXX; MT turns aside to
  19. 1 Samuel 22:15 Lit small or great
  20. 1 Samuel 22:17 Lit runners
  21. 1 Samuel 22:17 Lit uncover my ear
  22. 1 Samuel 22:17 Lit fall upon
  23. 1 Samuel 22:18 Lit fall upon
  24. 1 Samuel 22:18 Lit fell upon
  25. 1 Samuel 22:20 Lit after
  26. 1 Samuel 22:22 LXX am responsible for
  27. 1 Samuel 22:23 Or because he

大衛逃亡

21 大衛來到挪伯的祭司亞希米勒那裡。亞希米勒戰戰兢兢地出來迎接他,問道:「你為什麼獨自一人,沒有隨從呢?」 大衛答道:「王差遣我來辦一件事,他吩咐我不可把事情洩露給任何人。我已經吩咐部下在某處跟我會合。 現在你這裡有什麼吃的嗎?請給我五個餅,或任何吃的東西。」 祭司答道:「我們沒有普通的餅,只有聖餅[a],如果你的部下沒有親近過女色,就可以吃。」 大衛答道:「當然沒有親近過女色。每逢我們出來辦事,即使是平常的任務,我的部下總是保持聖潔,何況這次是特別的任務。」 於是,祭司把聖餅給他,因為那裡沒有別的餅,只有從耶和華的會幕裡更換下來的供餅。 那天,掃羅的司牧長以東人多益碰巧在耶和華的會幕。 大衛問亞希米勒:「你這裡有沒有刀槍?因為王的事緊急,倉促間我連兵器也沒有帶。」 祭司答道:「你在以拉谷殺的非利士人歌利亞的刀在這裡,用布包著放在以弗得後面。如果你要就拿去吧,這裡沒有別的刀了。」大衛答道:「這刀再好不過了,把它給我吧。」

10 那日,大衛為了躲避掃羅,逃往迦特王亞吉那裡。 11 亞吉的臣僕對亞吉說:「這個大衛不是以色列的王嗎?民眾跳舞歌唱『掃羅殺死千千,大衛殺死萬萬』,歌頌的不是他嗎?」 12 大衛聽到這些話,擔心迦特王亞吉會加害於他, 13 就在他們面前裝作瘋子,在城門上胡亂塗畫,任由唾沫沿著鬍子流下來。 14 亞吉對臣僕說:「你們看,這是個瘋子,為什麼把他帶到我這裡來? 15 我這裡缺少瘋子嗎?你們怎麼可以把這個傢伙帶到我家裡,在我面前瘋瘋癲癲呢?」

掃羅殘殺祭司

22 大衛離開迦特,逃到亞杜蘭洞。他的兄弟和親屬知道後,都來到他那裡, 所有受壓迫的、負債的和心懷不滿的人都紛紛來投奔他。大衛就做了他們的首領,跟隨他的有四百多人。 後來,大衛到摩押的米斯巴去,請求摩押王收留他的父母,直到他明白上帝給他的安排為止。 大衛把父母留在了摩押王那裡。在大衛住堡壘期間,他的父母一直住在摩押。 迦得先知吩咐大衛離開堡壘回猶大去,大衛就動身前往哈列的樹林。

當時,掃羅正在基比亞的拉瑪,坐在垂絲柳下,手中拿著矛,臣僕侍立在左右。他得知大衛一行人的行蹤後, 就對左右的臣僕說:「便雅憫人啊,你們聽著!難道耶西的兒子會給你們田地和葡萄園嗎?他能立你們做千夫長和百夫長嗎? 為什麼你們一同謀害我?我的兒子跟耶西的兒子立約,沒有人告訴我。就是今天我的兒子鼓動我的臣僕來謀害我,也沒有人關心我,告訴我。」 以東人多益正站在掃羅的臣僕中,他說:「我在挪伯親眼看見耶西的兒子到了亞希突的兒子亞希米勒那裡。 10 亞希米勒為他求問耶和華,給他食物,還把非利士人歌利亞的刀給了他。」

11 於是,掃羅派人把挪伯的祭司——亞希突的兒子亞希米勒及其家人都召來。他們都來到王面前。 12 掃羅說:「亞希突的兒子,聽著!」亞希米勒答道:「我主啊,我在這裡。」 13 掃羅說:「你為什麼和耶西的兒子一同謀害我?你為什麼把食物和刀給他,又為他求問耶和華,使他像今天這樣背叛我,伺機害我呢?」 14 亞希米勒答道:「王的臣僕中有誰像大衛那樣忠心呢?他是王的女婿,又是王的護衛長,在王室中受尊重。 15 那也不是我第一次為他求問耶和華,求王不要因這事加罪於我或我的家人,因為我根本不知道謀反的事。」 16 王卻說:「亞希米勒啊,你和你全家都必死無疑!」 17 他就命令身旁的護衛,說:「把這些耶和華的祭司殺掉,因為他們跟大衛同謀,明知道大衛在潛逃,卻不來告訴我。」掃羅的臣僕不願意下手殺害耶和華的祭司。 18 掃羅就對多益說:「你去把祭司殺掉!」以東人多益就殺了他們。那天,他下手殺了八十五個穿細麻布以弗得的祭司。 19 他又把祭司城挪伯的男女老少、牛羊和驢全部殺掉。

20 只有亞希米勒的一個兒子亞比亞他逃出去,投奔了大衛。 21 亞比亞他把掃羅屠殺耶和華祭司的事告訴了大衛, 22 大衛說:「那天我見以東人多益在那裡,就知道他一定會告訴掃羅。是我連累了你父親一家。 23 你就放心留在我這裡,不要害怕,誰想殺你,就是想殺我。你在我這裡很安全。」

Footnotes

  1. 21·4 聖餅」指分別出來獻給耶和華的餅。