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Final Greetings

12 I wrote this short letter ·with the help of Silas [L through Silvanus; C a variant of Silas; he either helped write the letter or carried it], who I know is a faithful brother in Christ. I wrote to ·encourage [exhort] you and to ·tell [testify/witness to] you that this is the true grace of God. Stand strong in that grace.

13 ·The church in Babylon [L She who is in Babylon; C “Babylon” is probably a veiled (and negative) name for Rome], who was chosen like you, sends you greetings. Mark, ·my son in Christ [L my son; C but probably a spiritual rather than a physical relationship], also greets you. 14 ·Give each other a kiss of Christian love when you meet [L Greet one another with a kiss of love].

Peace to all of you who are in Christ.

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Final Greetings

12 With the help of Silas,[a](A) whom I regard as a faithful brother, I have written to you briefly,(B) encouraging you and testifying that this is the true grace of God. Stand fast in it.(C)

13 She who is in Babylon, chosen together with you, sends you her greetings, and so does my son Mark.(D) 14 Greet one another with a kiss of love.(E)

Peace(F) to all of you who are in Christ.

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Footnotes

  1. 1 Peter 5:12 Greek Silvanus, a variant of Silas