God or Baal on Mount Carmel

20 So Ahab sent orders among all the sons of Israel and brought the prophets together at Mount Carmel. 21 Then Elijah approached all the people and said, “(A)How long are you going to [a]struggle with the two choices? (B)If the Lord is God, follow Him; but if Baal, follow him.” But the people did not answer him so much as a word. 22 Then Elijah said to the people, “I (C)alone am left as a prophet of the Lord, while Baal’s prophets are (D)450 men. 23 Now have them give us two oxen; and have them choose the one ox for themselves and cut it up, and place it on the wood, but put no fire under it; and I will prepare the other ox and lay it on the wood, and I will not put a fire under it. 24 Then you call on the name of your god, and I will call on the name of the Lord; and (E)the God who answers by fire, He is God.” And all the people replied, “[b]That is a good idea.”

25 So Elijah said to the prophets of Baal, “Choose the one ox for yourselves and prepare it first, since there are many of you, and call on the name of your god, but put no fire under the ox.” 26 Then they took the ox which [c]was given them and they prepared it, and they called on the name of Baal from morning until noon, saying, “O Baal, answer us!” But there was (F)no voice and no one answered. And they [d]limped about the altar which [e]they had made. 27 And at noon Elijah ridiculed them and said, “Call out with a loud voice, since he is a god; undoubtedly he is attending to business, or is on the way, or is on a journey. Perhaps he is asleep, and will awaken.” 28 So they cried out with a loud voice, and (G)cut themselves according to their custom with swords and lances until blood gushed out on them. 29 When midday was past, they raved (H)until the time of the offering of the evening sacrifice; but there was no voice, no one answered, and [f]no one paid attention.

30 Then Elijah said to all the people, “Come forward to me.” So all the people came forward to him. And (I)he repaired the altar of the Lord which had been torn down. 31 Then Elijah took twelve stones, corresponding to the number of the tribes of the sons of Jacob, to whom the word of the Lord had come, saying, “(J)Israel shall be your name.” 32 And with the stones he built an altar in (K)the name of the Lord; and he made a trench around the altar, large enough to hold two [g]measures of seed. 33 (L)Then he laid out the wood, and he cut the ox in pieces and placed it on the wood. 34 And he said, “Fill four large jars with water and pour it on the burnt offering and on the wood.” And he said, “Do it a second time,” so they did it a second time. Then he said, “Do it a third time,” so they did it a third time. 35 The water flowed around the altar, and he also filled the trench with water.

Elijah’s Prayer

36 Then (M)at the time of the offering of the evening sacrifice, Elijah the prophet approached and said, “(N)Lord, God of Abraham, Isaac, and Israel, today let it be known that (O)You are God in Israel and that I am Your servant, and that (P)I have done all these things at Your word. 37 Answer me, Lord, answer me, so that this people may know that You, Lord, are God, and that You have turned their heart back.” 38 Then the (Q)fire of the Lord fell and consumed the burnt offering and the wood, and the stones and the dust; and it licked up the water that was in the trench. 39 When all the people saw this, they fell on their faces; and they said, “(R)The Lord, He is God; the Lord, He is God!” 40 Then Elijah said to them, “Seize the prophets of Baal; do not let one of them escape.” So they seized them; and Elijah brought them down to (S)the brook Kishon, (T)and slaughtered them there.

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Notas al pie

  1. 1 Kings 18:21 Lit limp on the two crutches
  2. 1 Kings 18:24 Lit The matter is good
  3. 1 Kings 18:26 Lit he gave
  4. 1 Kings 18:26 I.e., in a type of ceremonial dance
  5. 1 Kings 18:26 As in some mss and ancient versions; MT he
  6. 1 Kings 18:29 Lit there was no attention
  7. 1 Kings 18:32 Heb seahs; i.e., one seah equals about 7 qt. or 7.7 liters

20 Ahab sent messengers to all the Israelites and had the prophets assemble at Mount Carmel. 21 Elijah approached all the people and said, “How long are you going to be paralyzed by indecision?[a] If the Lord is the true God,[b] then follow him, but if Baal is, follow him!” But the people did not say a word. 22 Elijah said to them:[c] “I am the only prophet of the Lord who is left, but there are 450 prophets of Baal. 23 Let them bring us two bulls. Let them choose one of the bulls for themselves, cut it up into pieces, and place it on the wood. But they must not set it on fire. I will do the same to the other bull and place it on the wood. But I will not set it on fire. 24 Then you[d] will invoke the name of your god, and I will invoke the name of the Lord. The god who responds with fire will demonstrate that he is the true God.”[e] All the people responded, “This will be a fair test.”[f]

25 Elijah told the prophets of Baal, “Choose one of the bulls for yourselves and go first, for you are the majority. Invoke the name of your god, but do not light a fire.”[g] 26 So they took a bull, as he had suggested,[h] and prepared it. They invoked the name of Baal from morning until noon, saying, “Baal, answer us.” But there was no sound and no answer. They jumped[i] around on the altar they had made.[j] 27 At noon Elijah mocked them, “Yell louder! After all, he is a god; he may be deep in thought, or perhaps he stepped out for a moment or has taken a trip. Perhaps he is sleeping and needs to be awakened.”[k] 28 So they yelled louder and, in accordance with their prescribed ritual,[l] mutilated themselves with swords and spears until their bodies were covered with blood.[m] 29 Throughout the afternoon they were in an ecstatic frenzy,[n] but there was no sound, no answer, and no response.[o]

30 Elijah then told all the people, “Approach me.” So all the people approached him. He repaired the altar of the Lord that had been torn down.[p] 31 Then Elijah took twelve stones, corresponding to the number of tribes that descended from Jacob, to whom the Lord’s message had come, “Israel will be your name.”[q] 32 With the stones he constructed an altar for the Lord.[r] Around the altar he made a trench large enough to contain two seahs[s] of seed. 33 He arranged the wood, cut up the bull, and placed it on the wood. Then he said, “Fill four water jars and pour the water on the offering and the wood.” 34 When they had done so,[t] he said, “Do it again.” So they did it again. Then he said, “Do it a third time.” So they did it a third time. 35 The water flowed down all sides of the altar and filled the trench. 36 When it was time for the evening offering,[u] Elijah the prophet approached the altar[v] and prayed: “O Lord God of Abraham, Isaac, and Israel, prove[w] today that you are God in Israel and that I am your servant and have done all these things at your command. 37 Answer me, O Lord, answer me, so these people will know that you, O Lord, are the true God[x] and that you are winning back their allegiance.”[y] 38 Then fire from the Lord fell from the sky.[z] It consumed the offering, the wood, the stones, and the dirt, and licked up the water in the trench. 39 When all the people saw this, they threw themselves down with their faces to the ground and said, “The Lord is the true God![aa] The Lord is the true God!” 40 Elijah told them, “Seize the prophets of Baal! Don’t let even one of them escape!” So they seized them, and Elijah led them down to the Kishon Valley and executed[ab] them there.

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Notas al pie

  1. 1 Kings 18:21 tn Heb “How long are you going to limp around on two crutches?” (see HALOT 762 s.v. סְעִפִּים). In context this idiomatic expression refers to indecision rather than physical disability.
  2. 1 Kings 18:21 tn Heb “the God.”
  3. 1 Kings 18:22 tn Heb “to the people.”
  4. 1 Kings 18:24 tn Elijah now directly addresses the prophets.
  5. 1 Kings 18:24 tn Heb “the God.”
  6. 1 Kings 18:24 tn Heb “The matter [i.e., proposal] is good [i.e., acceptable].”
  7. 1 Kings 18:25 tc The last sentence of v. 25 is absent in the Syriac Peshitta.
  8. 1 Kings 18:26 tn Heb “and they took the bull which he allowed them.”
  9. 1 Kings 18:26 tn Heb “limped” (the same verb is used in v. 21).
  10. 1 Kings 18:26 tc The MT has “which he made,” but some medieval Hebrew mss and the ancient versions have the plural form of the verb.
  11. 1 Kings 18:27 sn Elijah’s sarcastic proposals would have been especially offensive and irritating to Baal’s prophets, for they believed Baal was imprisoned in the underworld as death’s captive during this time of drought. Elijah’s apparent ignorance of their theology is probably designed for dramatic effect; indeed the suggestion that Baal is away on a trip or deep in sleep comes precariously close to the truth as viewed by the prophets.
  12. 1 Kings 18:28 tn Or “as was their custom.”
  13. 1 Kings 18:28 tn Heb “until blood poured out on them.”sn mutilated…covered with blood. This self-mutilation was a mourning rite designed to facilitate Baal’s return from the underworld.
  14. 1 Kings 18:29 tn Heb “when noon passed they prophesied until the offering up of the offering.”
  15. 1 Kings 18:29 tc The Old Greek translation and Syriac Peshitta include the following words here: “When it was time to offer the sacrifice, Elijah the Tishbite spoke to the prophets of the abominations: ‘Stand aside for the time being, and I will offer my burnt offering.’ So they stood aside and departed.”sn In 2 Kgs 4:31 the words “there was no sound and there was no response” are used to describe a dead boy. Similar words are used here to describe the god Baal as dead and therefore unresponsive.
  16. 1 Kings 18:30 sn Torn down. The condition of the altar symbolizes the spiritual state of the people.
  17. 1 Kings 18:31 sn Israel will be your name. See Gen 32:28; 35:10.
  18. 1 Kings 18:32 tn Heb “and he built the stones into an altar in the name of the Lord.”
  19. 1 Kings 18:32 tn A seah was a dry measure equivalent to about seven quarts.
  20. 1 Kings 18:34 tn The words “when they had done so” are supplied in the translation for clarification.
  21. 1 Kings 18:36 tn Heb “at the offering up of the offering.”
  22. 1 Kings 18:36 tn The words “the altar” are supplied in the translation for clarification.
  23. 1 Kings 18:36 tn Heb “let it be known.”
  24. 1 Kings 18:37 tn Heb “the God.”
  25. 1 Kings 18:37 tn Heb “that you are turning their heart[s] back.”
  26. 1 Kings 18:38 tn The words “from the sky” are added for stylistic reasons.
  27. 1 Kings 18:39 tn Heb “the God” (the phrase occurs twice in this verse).
  28. 1 Kings 18:40 tn Or “slaughtered.”