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When the Ammonites realized that David was disgusted with them,[a] Hanun and the Ammonites sent 1,000 talents[b] of silver to hire chariots and charioteers from Aram Naharaim, Aram Maacah, and Zobah.[c] They hired 32,000 chariots, along with the king of Maacah and his army, who came and camped in front of Medeba. The Ammonites also assembled from their cities and marched out to do battle.

When David heard the news, he sent Joab and the entire army to meet them.[d] The Ammonites marched out and were deployed for battle at the entrance to the city, while the kings who had come were by themselves in the field. 10 When Joab saw that the battle would be fought on two fronts, he chose some of Israel’s best men and deployed them against the Arameans.[e] 11 He put his brother Abishai in charge of the rest of the army and they were deployed against the Ammonites. 12 Joab[f] said, “If the Arameans start to overpower me,[g] you come to my rescue. If the Ammonites start to overpower you,[h] I will come to your rescue. 13 Be strong! Let’s fight bravely for the sake of our people and the cities of our God! The Lord will do what he decides is best!”[i] 14 So Joab and his men[j] marched toward the Arameans to do battle, and they fled before him. 15 When the Ammonites saw the Arameans flee, they fled before Joab’s[k] brother Abishai and withdrew into the city. Joab went back to Jerusalem.

16 When the Arameans realized they had been defeated by Israel, they sent for reinforcements from beyond the Euphrates River,[l] led by Shophach the commanding general of Hadadezer’s army.[m] 17 When David was informed, he gathered all Israel, crossed the Jordan River,[n] and marched against them.[o] David deployed his army against the Arameans for battle and they fought against him.[p] 18 The Arameans fled before Israel. David killed 7,000[q] Aramean charioteers and 40,000 infantrymen; he also killed Shophach[r] the commanding general. 19 When Hadadezer’s subjects saw they were defeated by Israel, they made peace with David and became his subjects. The Arameans were no longer willing to help the Ammonites.

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Footnotes

  1. 1 Chronicles 19:6 tn Heb “that they were a stench [i.e., disgusting] with David.”
  2. 1 Chronicles 19:6 tn The Hebrew word כִּכַּר (kikkar, “circle”) refers generally to something that is round. When used of metals it can refer to a disk-shaped weight made of the metal or, by extension, to a standard unit of weight. According to the older (Babylonian) standard the “talent” weighed 130 lbs. (58.9 kg), but later this was lowered to 108.3 lbs. (49.1 kg). More recent research suggests the “light” standard talent was 67.3 lbs. (30.6 kg). Using this as the standard for calculation, the Ammonites hired chariots and charioteers for about 33.7 tons (30,600 kg) of silver.
  3. 1 Chronicles 19:6 tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 10:6 has “Aram Beth Rehob and Aram Zobah.”
  4. 1 Chronicles 19:8 tn The words “the news” and “to meet them” are added in the translation for stylistic reasons and for clarification.
  5. 1 Chronicles 19:10 tc The parallel text of 2 Sam 10:10 has “the Ammonites” in place of “the Arameans” here.tn Heb “and Joab saw that the face of the battle was to him before and behind and he chose from all the best in Israel and arranged to meet Aram.”
  6. 1 Chronicles 19:12 tn Heb “he”; the referent (Joab) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  7. 1 Chronicles 19:12 tn Heb “if Aram is stronger than me.”
  8. 1 Chronicles 19:12 tn Heb “if the sons of Ammon are stronger than you.”
  9. 1 Chronicles 19:13 tn Heb “and the Lord, what is good in his eyes, he will do.”
  10. 1 Chronicles 19:14 tn Heb “and the army which was with him.”
  11. 1 Chronicles 19:15 tn Heb “his”; the referent (Joab) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  12. 1 Chronicles 19:16 tn Heb “the River,” referring to the Euphrates. This has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  13. 1 Chronicles 19:16 tn Heb “and Aram saw that they were struck down before Israel and they sent messengers and brought out Aram which is beyond the River, and Shophach the commander of the army of Hadadezer [was] before them.”
  14. 1 Chronicles 19:17 tn The word “River” is not in the Hebrew text, but has been supplied in the translation for clarity.
  15. 1 Chronicles 19:17 tc The parallel text of 2 Sam 10:17 “he came to Helam.”tn Heb “and he came to them and was deployed against them.”
  16. 1 Chronicles 19:17 tn Heb “and David was deployed to meet Aram [for] battle and they fought with him.”
  17. 1 Chronicles 19:18 tc The parallel text of 2 Sam 10:18 has “seven hundred.”
  18. 1 Chronicles 19:18 tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 10:18 has the variant spelling “Shobach.”

And when the Ammonites[a] saw that they made themselves odious to David, Hanun and the Ammonites[b] sent one thousand talents of silver to hire for themselves horses and chariots from Aram-Naharaim, Aram-Maacah, and Zobah. And they hired for themselves thirty-two thousand chariots and the king of Maacah and his people, and they came and encamped before Medeba. And the Ammonites[c] were gathered from their cities and came to the battle. And when David heard, he sent Joab and the entire army of mighty warriors. And the Ammonites[d] went out and took up positions for battle at the entrance of the city. And the kings who had come were alone in the field.

10 When Joab saw that there was a battle line[e] against him at the front and the back, he chose from among the chosen men in Israel and arranged them to meet Aram. 11 And the remainder of the people he put in the hand of Abishai his brother, and they were arranged to meet the Ammonites.[f] 12 And he said, “If Aram is too strong for me, then you must be a help to me, but if the Ammonites[g] are too strong for you, then I will help you. 13 Be strong! Let us strengthen ourselves on behalf of our people and on behalf of the cities of our God. And may Yahweh do what is good in his eyes.” 14 And Joab and the people who were with him drew near before Aram for battle, and they fled before him. 15 And when the Ammonites[h] saw that Aram had fled, they also fled before Abishai his brother, and they came to the city. Then Joab came to Jerusalem.

16 And when Aram saw that they were defeated before Israel, they sent messengers and brought out Aram, who was from beyond the Euphrates,[i] with Shophach the commander of the army of Hadadezer before them. 17 And when it was told to David, he gathered all Israel and crossed the Jordan. And he came to them and was arrayed against them. Then David was arrayed to meet Aram in battle, and they fought with him. 18 And Aram fled before Israel. And David killed from Aram the men of seven thousand chariots and forty thousand foot soldiers, and he put to death Shophach the commander of the army. 19 And when the servants of Hadadezer saw that they were defeated before Israel, they made peace with David and became servants to him. So Aram was no longer willing to help the Ammonites.[j]

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Footnotes

  1. 1 Chronicles 19:6 Literally “sons of Ammon”
  2. 1 Chronicles 19:6 Literally “sons of Ammon”
  3. 1 Chronicles 19:7 Literally “sons of Ammon”
  4. 1 Chronicles 19:9 Literally “sons of Ammon”
  5. 1 Chronicles 19:10 Literally “the face of the battle”
  6. 1 Chronicles 19:11 Literally “sons of Ammon”
  7. 1 Chronicles 19:12 Literally “sons of Ammon”
  8. 1 Chronicles 19:15 Literally “sons of Ammon”
  9. 1 Chronicles 19:16 Or “the river”
  10. 1 Chronicles 19:19 Literally “sons of Ammon”