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Israel pede um rei

Quando Samuel ficou idoso, nomeou seus filhos para serem juízes sobre Israel. Joel, seu filho mais velho, e Abias, o segundo mais velho, julgavam em Berseba, mas não eram como seu pai. Eram gananciosos, aceitavam subornos e pervertiam a justiça.

Por fim, as autoridades de Israel se reuniram em Ramá para discutir essa questão com Samuel. Eles disseram: “Olhe, o senhor está idoso e seus filhos não seguem seu exemplo. Escolha um rei para nos julgar, como ocorre com todas as outras nações”.

Samuel não gostou de que lhe tivessem pedido um rei e buscou a orientação do Senhor. O Senhor lhe respondeu: “Faça tudo que eles pedem, pois é a mim que rejeitam, e não a você. Eles me rejeitaram como seu rei. Desde que os tirei do Egito até hoje, eles têm me abandonado e seguido outros deuses. Agora, tratam você da mesma forma. Faça o que eles pedem, mas advirta-os solenemente a respeito de como o rei os governará”.

Samuel adverte o povo sobre o rei

10 Então Samuel transmitiu a advertência do Senhor ao povo que lhe pedia um rei. 11 Disse ele: “Este é o modo como o rei governará sobre vocês. Ele convocará seus filhos para servi-lo em seus carros de guerra e como seus cavaleiros e os fará correr à frente dos carros dele. 12 Colocará alguns como generais e capitães de seu exército,[a] obrigará outros a arar seus campos e a fazer as colheitas e forçará outros mais a fabricar armas e equipamentos para os carros de guerra. 13 Tomará suas filhas e as obrigará a cozinhar, assar pães e fazer perfumes para ele. 14 Tomará de vocês o melhor de seus campos, vinhedos e olivais e os dará aos servos dele. 15 Tomará um décimo de sua colheita de cereais e uvas para distribuir entre seus oficiais e servos. 16 Tomará seus escravos e escravas e o melhor do gado[b] e dos jumentos para uso próprio. 17 Exigirá um décimo de seus rebanhos, e vocês se tornarão escravos dele. 18 Quando esse dia chegar, lamentarão por causa desse rei que agora pedem, mas o Senhor não lhes dará ouvidos”.

19 Mas o povo se recusou a ouvir a advertência de Samuel. “Mesmo assim, queremos um rei”, disseram. 20 “Queremos ser como todas as nações ao nosso redor. Nosso rei nos julgará e nos conduzirá nas batalhas.”

21 Samuel repetiu para o Senhor aquilo que o povo tinha dito, 22 e o Senhor lhe respondeu: “Faça o que eles pedem e dê-lhes um rei”. Então Samuel ordenou aos israelitas que voltassem cada um para sua cidade.

Footnotes

  1. 8.12 Em hebraico, comandantes de mil e comandantes de cinquenta.
  2. 8.16 Conforme a Septuaginta; o hebraico traz dos jovens.

Israel pide un rey

Aconteció que habiendo envejecido Samuel, puso a sus hijos como jueces de Israel. Su hijo primogénito se llamaba Joel, y su segundo, Abías. Ellos fueron jueces en Beerseba. Pero sus hijos no andaban en los caminos de él. Más bien, se desviaron tras las ganancias deshonestas, aceptando soborno y pervirtiendo el derecho.

Entonces todos los ancianos de Israel se reunieron y fueron a Samuel, en Ramá, y le dijeron:

—He aquí que tú has envejecido, y tus hijos no andan en tus caminos. Por eso, constitúyenos ahora un rey que nos gobierne, como tienen todas las naciones.

Estas palabras desagradaron a Samuel, porque dijeron: “Danos un rey que nos gobierne”. Samuel oró al SEÑOR, y el SEÑOR le dijo:

—Escucha la voz del pueblo en todo lo que te diga, porque no es a ti a quien han desechado. Es a mí a quien han desechado, para que no reine sobre ellos. De la misma manera que han hecho conmigo[a] desde el día en que los saqué de Egipto hasta el día de hoy, abandonándome y sirviendo a otros dioses, así hacen contigo también. Ahora pues, escucha su voz, pero adviérteles solemnemente y declárales cuál será el proceder del rey que ha de reinar sobre ellos.

Advertencia sobre el proceder del rey

10 Samuel refirió todas las palabras del SEÑOR al pueblo que le había pedido un rey. 11 Y dijo:

—Este será el proceder del rey que reine sobre ustedes: Tomará a los hijos de ustedes y los pondrá en sus carros y en su caballería, para que corran delante de su carro. 12 Nombrará para sí jefes de millares y jefes de cincuenta. Hará que aren sus campos y sieguen su mies, que fabriquen sus armas de guerra y el equipo de sus carros. 13 Tomará a las hijas de ustedes para que sean perfumistas, cocineras y panaderas. 14 También tomará lo mejor de las tierras de ustedes, de las viñas y de los olivares, y los dará a sus servidores. 15 Tomará la décima parte de los granos y viñedos de ustedes para dárselo a sus funcionarios y servidores. 16 Tomará a los siervos, a las siervas, a los mejores bueyes[b] y a los mejores asnos de ustedes para ocuparlos en sus obras. 17 También tomará la décima parte de los rebaños de ustedes, y ustedes mismos serán sus siervos. 18 Aquel día clamarán a causa de su rey que se habrán elegido, pero aquel día el SEÑOR no los escuchará.

19 Sin embargo, el pueblo rehusó escuchar a Samuel. Y dijeron:

—¡No! Más bien, que haya rey sobre nosotros. 20 Entonces nosotros seremos también como todas las naciones. Nuestro rey nos gobernará, saldrá al frente de nosotros y llevará a cabo nuestras batallas.

21 Samuel escuchó todas las palabras del pueblo y las refirió a oídos del SEÑOR. 22 Y el SEÑOR dijo a Samuel:

—Escucha su voz y constituye un rey sobre ellos.

Entonces Samuel dijo a los hombres de Israel:

—Regrese cada uno a su ciudad.

Footnotes

  1. 1 Samuel 8:8 Según LXX; heb. omite conmigo.
  2. 1 Samuel 8:16 Según LXX; heb., jóvenes.

And it came to pass, when Samuel was old, that he made his sons judges over Israel.

Now the name of his firstborn was Joel; and the name of his second, Abiah: they were judges in Beersheba.

And his sons walked not in his ways, but turned aside after lucre, and took bribes, and perverted judgment.

Then all the elders of Israel gathered themselves together, and came to Samuel unto Ramah,

And said unto him, Behold, thou art old, and thy sons walk not in thy ways: now make us a king to judge us like all the nations.

But the thing displeased Samuel, when they said, Give us a king to judge us. And Samuel prayed unto the Lord.

And the Lord said unto Samuel, Hearken unto the voice of the people in all that they say unto thee: for they have not rejected thee, but they have rejected me, that I should not reign over them.

According to all the works which they have done since the day that I brought them up out of Egypt even unto this day, wherewith they have forsaken me, and served other gods, so do they also unto thee.

Now therefore hearken unto their voice: howbeit yet protest solemnly unto them, and shew them the manner of the king that shall reign over them.

10 And Samuel told all the words of the Lord unto the people that asked of him a king.

11 And he said, This will be the manner of the king that shall reign over you: He will take your sons, and appoint them for himself, for his chariots, and to be his horsemen; and some shall run before his chariots.

12 And he will appoint him captains over thousands, and captains over fifties; and will set them to ear his ground, and to reap his harvest, and to make his instruments of war, and instruments of his chariots.

13 And he will take your daughters to be confectionaries, and to be cooks, and to be bakers.

14 And he will take your fields, and your vineyards, and your oliveyards, even the best of them, and give them to his servants.

15 And he will take the tenth of your seed, and of your vineyards, and give to his officers, and to his servants.

16 And he will take your menservants, and your maidservants, and your goodliest young men, and your asses, and put them to his work.

17 He will take the tenth of your sheep: and ye shall be his servants.

18 And ye shall cry out in that day because of your king which ye shall have chosen you; and the Lord will not hear you in that day.

19 Nevertheless the people refused to obey the voice of Samuel; and they said, Nay; but we will have a king over us;

20 That we also may be like all the nations; and that our king may judge us, and go out before us, and fight our battles.

21 And Samuel heard all the words of the people, and he rehearsed them in the ears of the Lord.

22 And the Lord said to Samuel, Hearken unto their voice, and make them a king. And Samuel said unto the men of Israel, Go ye every man unto his city.

Israel Demands a King

Now it came to pass when Samuel was (A)old that he (B)made his (C)sons judges over Israel. The name of his firstborn was Joel, and the name of his second, Abijah; they were judges in Beersheba. But his sons (D)did not walk in his ways; they turned aside (E)after dishonest gain, (F)took bribes, and perverted justice.

Then all the elders of Israel gathered together and came to Samuel at Ramah, and said to him, “Look, you are old, and your sons do not walk in your ways. Now (G)make us a king to judge us like all the nations.”

But the thing (H)displeased Samuel when they said, “Give us a king to judge us.” So Samuel (I)prayed to the Lord. And the Lord said to Samuel, “Heed the voice of the people in all that they say to you; for (J)they have not rejected you, but (K)they have rejected Me, that I should not reign over them. According to all the works which they have done since the day that I brought them up out of Egypt, even to this day—with which they have forsaken Me and served other gods—so they are doing to you also. Now therefore, heed their voice. However, you shall solemnly forewarn them, and (L)show them the behavior of the king who will reign over them.”

10 So Samuel told all the words of the Lord to the people who asked him for a king. 11 And he said, (M)“This will be the behavior of the king who will reign over you: He will take your (N)sons and appoint them for his own (O)chariots and to be his horsemen, and some will run before his chariots. 12 He will (P)appoint captains over his thousands and captains over his fifties, will set some to plow his ground and reap his harvest, and some to make his weapons of war and equipment for his chariots. 13 He will take your daughters to be perfumers, cooks, and bakers. 14 And (Q)he will take the best of your fields, your vineyards, and your olive groves, and give them to his servants. 15 He will take a tenth of your grain and your vintage, and give it to his officers and servants. 16 And he will take your male servants, your female servants, your finest [a]young men, and your donkeys, and put them to his work. 17 He will take a tenth of your sheep. And you will be his servants. 18 And you will cry out in that day because of your king whom you have chosen for yourselves, and the Lord (R)will not hear you in that day.”

19 Nevertheless the people (S)refused to obey the voice of Samuel; and they said, “No, but we will have a king over us, 20 that we also may be (T)like all the nations, and that our king may judge us and go out before us and fight our battles.”

21 And Samuel heard all the words of the people, and he repeated them in the hearing of the Lord. 22 So the Lord said to Samuel, (U)“Heed their voice, and make them a king.”

And Samuel said to the men of Israel, “Every man go to his city.”

Footnotes

  1. 1 Samuel 8:16 LXX cattle