1 Samuel 22
Hoffnung für Alle
In der Adullamhöhle und in Moab
22 So floh David aus Gat und versteckte sich in der Adullamhöhle. Als seine Brüder und die ganze Verwandtschaft erfuhren, wo er sich aufhielt, kamen sie alle und schlossen sich ihm an. 2 Bald scharten sich noch andere um ihn: Menschen, die sich in einer ausweglosen Lage befanden, die Schulden hatten oder verbittert waren. Schließlich war es eine Gruppe von etwa 400 Mann, und David wurde ihr Anführer.
3 Von Adullam aus zog David weiter nach Mizpe im Land Moab. Er bat den moabitischen König: »Gewähre meinen Eltern Unterschlupf, bis ich weiß, was Gott mit mir vorhat.« 4 Er brachte seine Eltern an den Königshof, und sie wohnten dort, solange David sich im Bergland versteckt hielt.
5 Eines Tages sagte der Prophet Gad zu David: »Bleib nicht hier in den Bergen! Geh wieder zurück in das Gebiet des Stammes Juda!« David gehorchte und kam in den Wald von Heret.
Sauls grausame Rache an den Priestern von Nob
6 Bald wurde es Saul gemeldet, dass David und seine Anhänger wieder im Land gesehen wurden. Saul saß gerade unter der Tamariske auf dem Hügel bei der Stadt Gibea und hielt seinen Speer in der Hand. Er war umringt von seinen Hofleuten. 7 »Hört mir zu, ihr Leute vom Stamm Benjamin!«, rief er. »Glaubt ihr etwa, dieser Sohn Isais wird ausgerechnet euch Felder und Weinberge geben und euch zu Hauptleuten und Oberbefehlshabern machen? 8 Oder warum sonst habt ihr euch alle gegen mich verschworen? Keiner von euch hat mir gesagt, dass Jonatan sich mit diesem Kerl zusammengetan hat! Euch allen ist egal, was mit mir passiert. Ihr habt es nicht nötig, mir zu melden, dass mein eigener Sohn einen meiner Untergebenen gegen mich aufhetzt! Offensichtlich hatte er Erfolg: Dieser Verräter lauert mir nun heimlich auf!«
9 Da meldete sich Doëg aus Edom zu Wort, der jetzt auch bei Sauls Leuten stand: »Ich habe ihn gesehen, als ich in Nob war. Er kam zu Ahimelech, dem Sohn von Ahitub. 10 Der Priester fragte den Herrn, was David als Nächstes tun sollte. Dann versorgte er ihn mit Essen und gab ihm sogar Goliats Schwert.«
11 Sofort ließ Saul den Priester Ahimelech vorführen. Er und seine ganze Sippe – alle Priester aus Nob – mussten vor dem König erscheinen. 12 »Ich habe etwas mit dir zu besprechen, Ahitubs Sohn!«, begann Saul, als sich alle vor ihm versammelt hatten. »Ja, Herr?«, erwiderte dieser. 13 »Warum habt ihr euch gegen mich verschworen, du und dieser Sohn Isais? Warum hast du ihm Brot gegeben und ein Schwert? Warum hast du Gott um Weisung für seinen weiteren Weg gebeten? Dadurch hast du ihn geradezu ermutigt, mir aufzulauern und mich umzubringen. Dass er das im Schilde führt, ist ja längst ein offenes Geheimnis!«
14 Ahimelech versuchte sich zu verteidigen: »Hast du einen treueren Gefolgsmann als David? Er steht treu zu dir, er ist dein Schwiegersohn, er ist der Aufseher deiner Leibwache und genießt am ganzen Hof hohes Ansehen. 15 Es war doch nicht das erste Mal, dass ich für ihn die göttliche Weisung eingeholt habe. Ich soll ein Verschwörer sein? Nein, niemals! Mein König möge mich, seinen ergebenen Diener, und meine ganze Sippe nicht verdächtigen, ein solches Verbrechen begangen zu haben. Ich hatte nicht die leiseste Ahnung von einer Verschwörung.«
16 Doch der König ging nicht darauf ein; er sagte nur: »Ahimelech, das wirst du mit dem Tod büßen, du und deine Sippe!« 17 Er wandte sich seinen Wächtern zu und befahl: »Los, umstellt diese Priester des Herrn und tötet sie! Denn sie haben Hand in Hand mit David gearbeitet. Natürlich wussten sie, dass er auf der Flucht war. Trotzdem haben sie es mir nicht gemeldet.«
Doch die Wachen weigerten sich, die Priester des Herrn umzubringen. 18 Da drehte der König sich zu Doëg um und sagte: »Komm her, schlag du sie tot!« Ohne Zögern führte Doëg, der Edomiter, den königlichen Befehl aus. Er tötete an jenem Tag 85 Männer, die alle das Priestergewand getragen hatten. 19 Dann ließ Saul alle Einwohner der Priesterstadt Nob mit dem Schwert ermorden, Männer und Frauen, Kinder und Säuglinge. Auch ihr Vieh – Rinder, Esel, Schafe und Ziegen – wurde getötet.
20 Nur ein Sohn von Ahimelech mit Namen Abjatar konnte entkommen. Er floh zu David 21 und berichtete ihm, dass Saul alle Priester des Herrn umgebracht hatte. 22 »Ich wusste es gleich, dass dieser Doëg ein Verräter ist, als ich ihn damals in Nob sah«, rief David. »Ich allein bin schuld am Tod deiner Verwandten. 23 Bleib jetzt bei mir! Dann brauchst du keine Angst zu haben. Derselbe, der mich umbringen will, hat es auch auf dich abgesehen. Bei mir bist du sicher!«
1 Samuel 22
New International Version
David at Adullam and Mizpah
22 David left Gath and escaped to the cave(A) of Adullam.(B) When his brothers and his father’s household heard about it, they went down to him there. 2 All those who were in distress or in debt or discontented gathered(C) around him, and he became their commander. About four hundred men were with him.
3 From there David went to Mizpah in Moab and said to the king of Moab, “Would you let my father and mother come and stay with you until I learn what God will do for me?” 4 So he left them with the king of Moab,(D) and they stayed with him as long as David was in the stronghold.
5 But the prophet Gad(E) said to David, “Do not stay in the stronghold. Go into the land of Judah.” So David left and went to the forest of Hereth.(F)
Saul Kills the Priests of Nob
6 Now Saul heard that David and his men had been discovered. And Saul was seated,(G) spear in hand, under the tamarisk(H) tree on the hill at Gibeah, with all his officials standing at his side. 7 He said to them, “Listen, men of Benjamin! Will the son of Jesse give all of you fields and vineyards? Will he make all of you commanders(I) of thousands and commanders of hundreds? 8 Is that why you have all conspired(J) against me? No one tells me when my son makes a covenant(K) with the son of Jesse.(L) None of you is concerned(M) about me or tells me that my son has incited my servant to lie in wait for me, as he does today.”
9 But Doeg(N) the Edomite, who was standing with Saul’s officials, said, “I saw the son of Jesse come to Ahimelek son of Ahitub(O) at Nob.(P) 10 Ahimelek inquired(Q) of the Lord for him; he also gave him provisions(R) and the sword(S) of Goliath the Philistine.”
11 Then the king sent for the priest Ahimelek son of Ahitub and all the men of his family, who were the priests at Nob, and they all came to the king. 12 Saul said, “Listen now, son of Ahitub.”
“Yes, my lord,” he answered.
13 Saul said to him, “Why have you conspired(T) against me, you and the son of Jesse, giving him bread and a sword and inquiring of God for him, so that he has rebelled against me and lies in wait for me, as he does today?”
14 Ahimelek answered the king, “Who(U) of all your servants is as loyal as David, the king’s son-in-law, captain of your bodyguard and highly respected in your household? 15 Was that day the first time I inquired of God for him? Of course not! Let not the king accuse your servant or any of his father’s family, for your servant knows nothing at all about this whole affair.”
16 But the king said, “You will surely die, Ahimelek, you and your whole family.(V)”
17 Then the king ordered the guards at his side: “Turn and kill the priests of the Lord, because they too have sided with David. They knew he was fleeing, yet they did not tell me.”
But the king’s officials were unwilling(W) to raise a hand to strike the priests of the Lord.
18 The king then ordered Doeg, “You turn and strike down the priests.”(X) So Doeg the Edomite turned and struck them down. That day he killed eighty-five men who wore the linen ephod.(Y) 19 He also put to the sword(Z) Nob,(AA) the town of the priests, with its men and women, its children and infants, and its cattle, donkeys and sheep.
20 But one son of Ahimelek son of Ahitub,(AB) named Abiathar,(AC) escaped and fled to join David.(AD) 21 He told David that Saul had killed the priests of the Lord. 22 Then David said to Abiathar, “That day, when Doeg(AE) the Edomite was there, I knew he would be sure to tell Saul. I am responsible for the death of your whole family. 23 Stay with me; don’t be afraid. The man who wants to kill you(AF) is trying to kill me too. You will be safe with me.”
1 Samuel 22
Names of God Bible
David in Judah and Moab
22 So David escaped from that place and fled to the cave at Adullam. When his brothers and all the rest of his family heard about it, they went to him. 2 Then everyone who was in trouble, in debt, or bitter about life joined him, and he became their commander. There were about four hundred men with him.
3 From there David went to Mizpah in Moab. He asked the king of Moab, “Please let my father and mother stay with you until I know what Elohim is going to do for me.” 4 He brought them to the king of Moab, and they stayed with him as long as David was living in his fortified camp.
5 “Don’t live in your fortified camp,” the prophet Gad told David. “Go to the land of Judah.” So David went to the forest of Hereth.
Saul Massacres the Priests at Nob
6 Saul heard that David and his men had been found. Saul was staying in Gibeah under the tamarisk tree at the worship site[a] with his spear in his hand and all his officials standing around him. 7 He said to his officials, “Listen here, men of Benjamin! Will Jesse’s son give every one of you fields and vineyards? Will he make you all officers over a regiment or a battalion of soldiers? 8 All of you are plotting against me, and no one informed me when my son entered into a loyalty pledge with Jesse’s son. No one felt sorry for me and informed me that my son has encouraged my servant David to ambush me, as he’s doing now.”
9 Then Doeg from Edom, standing with Saul’s officials, answered him, “I saw Jesse’s son when he came to Ahimelech, Ahitub’s son, in Nob. 10 Ahimelech prayed to Yahweh for David and gave him food and the sword of Goliath the Philistine.”
11 Then the king sent for the priest Ahimelech, who was Ahitub’s son, and his entire family who were the priests in Nob. All of them came to the king. 12 Saul said, “Listen here, son of Ahitub!”
“Yes, sir?” he responded.
13 Saul asked him, “Why did you and Jesse’s son plot against me? You gave him bread and a sword and prayed to Elohim for him so that he can rise up against me and ambush me, as he’s doing now.”
14 Ahimelech asked the king, “But whom among all your officials can you trust like David? Your Majesty, he’s your son-in-law, the commander of your bodyguard. He’s honored in your own household. 15 Is this the first time I have prayed to Elohim for him? Not at all! You shouldn’t blame me or anyone in my family for this. I knew nothing at all about this.”
16 Saul said, “Ahimelech, you and your entire family are going to die.”
17 “Turn and kill Yahweh’s priests because they support David,” the king said to the runners standing around him. “When they knew David was fleeing, they didn’t inform me.” But the king’s men refused to attack Yahweh’s priests.
18 So the king said to Doeg, “You turn and attack the priests.” Doeg from Edom turned and attacked the priests, and that day he killed 85 men wearing the linen priestly ephod.[b] 19 He also killed the people of Nob, the city of the priests. Using his sword, he killed men and women, children and infants, cows, donkeys, and sheep.
20 But Ahimelech, Ahitub’s son, had one son who escaped. His name was Abiathar. He fled to David. 21 Abiathar told David that Saul had killed Yahweh’s priests.
22 David told Abiathar, “I knew that day when Doeg from Edom was there that he would be certain to tell Saul. I am the one responsible[c] for all the lives of your family. 23 Stay with me. Don’t be afraid. The one who is seeking my life is also seeking your life. However, you will be under my protection.”
Footnotes
- 1 Samuel 22:6 Greek; Masoretic Text “at Ramah.”
- 1 Samuel 22:18 Ephod is a technical term for a part of the priest’s clothes. Its exact usage and shape are unknown.
- 1 Samuel 22:22 Greek; Masoretic Text “I turned.”
1 Samuel 22
King James Version
22 David therefore departed thence, and escaped to the cave Adullam: and when his brethren and all his father's house heard it, they went down thither to him.
2 And every one that was in distress, and every one that was in debt, and every one that was discontented, gathered themselves unto him; and he became a captain over them: and there were with him about four hundred men.
3 And David went thence to Mizpeh of Moab: and he said unto the king of Moab, Let my father and my mother, I pray thee, come forth, and be with you, till I know what God will do for me.
4 And he brought them before the king of Moab: and they dwelt with him all the while that David was in the hold.
5 And the prophet Gad said unto David, Abide not in the hold; depart, and get thee into the land of Judah. Then David departed, and came into the forest of Hareth.
6 When Saul heard that David was discovered, and the men that were with him, (now Saul abode in Gibeah under a tree in Ramah, having his spear in his hand, and all his servants were standing about him;)
7 Then Saul said unto his servants that stood about him, Hear now, ye Benjamites; will the son of Jesse give every one of you fields and vineyards, and make you all captains of thousands, and captains of hundreds;
8 That all of you have conspired against me, and there is none that sheweth me that my son hath made a league with the son of Jesse, and there is none of you that is sorry for me, or sheweth unto me that my son hath stirred up my servant against me, to lie in wait, as at this day?
9 Then answered Doeg the Edomite, which was set over the servants of Saul, and said, I saw the son of Jesse coming to Nob, to Ahimelech the son of Ahitub.
10 And he enquired of the Lord for him, and gave him victuals, and gave him the sword of Goliath the Philistine.
11 Then the king sent to call Ahimelech the priest, the son of Ahitub, and all his father's house, the priests that were in Nob: and they came all of them to the king.
12 And Saul said, Hear now, thou son of Ahitub. And he answered, Here I am, my lord.
13 And Saul said unto him, Why have ye conspired against me, thou and the son of Jesse, in that thou hast given him bread, and a sword, and hast enquired of God for him, that he should rise against me, to lie in wait, as at this day?
14 Then Ahimelech answered the king, and said, And who is so faithful among all thy servants as David, which is the king's son in law, and goeth at thy bidding, and is honourable in thine house?
15 Did I then begin to enquire of God for him? be it far from me: let not the king impute any thing unto his servant, nor to all the house of my father: for thy servant knew nothing of all this, less or more.
16 And the king said, Thou shalt surely die, Ahimelech, thou, and all thy father's house.
17 And the king said unto the footmen that stood about him, Turn, and slay the priests of the Lord: because their hand also is with David, and because they knew when he fled, and did not shew it to me. But the servants of the king would not put forth their hand to fall upon the priests of the Lord.
18 And the king said to Doeg, Turn thou, and fall upon the priests. And Doeg the Edomite turned, and he fell upon the priests, and slew on that day fourscore and five persons that did wear a linen ephod.
19 And Nob, the city of the priests, smote he with the edge of the sword, both men and women, children and sucklings, and oxen, and asses, and sheep, with the edge of the sword.
20 And one of the sons of Ahimelech the son of Ahitub, named Abiathar, escaped, and fled after David.
21 And Abiathar shewed David that Saul had slain the Lord's priests.
22 And David said unto Abiathar, I knew it that day, when Doeg the Edomite was there, that he would surely tell Saul: I have occasioned the death of all the persons of thy father's house.
23 Abide thou with me, fear not: for he that seeketh my life seeketh thy life: but with me thou shalt be in safeguard.
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