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1 Samuel 20
Palabra de Dios para Todos
1 Samuel 20
Palabra de Dios para Todos
Jonatán ayuda a David
20 David escapó de los campamentos y fue a preguntarle a Jonatán:
—¿Qué he hecho? ¿Qué crimen he cometido para que tu papá quiera matarme?
2 Jonatán respondió:
—¡No puede ser! Mi papá no está tratando de matarte. Nunca hace nada sin antes decírmelo. Siempre me comunica todo sin importar qué tan grande o pequeño sea el asunto. ¿Por qué no me diría que quiere matarte? No, no puede ser cierto.
3 Entonces David le dijo:
—Él bien sabe que soy tu amigo. De seguro pensó que si te lo decía, tú me pondrías al tanto.[a] Pero, tan cierto como que tú y el SEÑOR viven, te aseguro que estoy muy cerca de la muerte.
4 Jonatán le dijo a David:
—Haré lo que tú quieras que haga.
5 David le dijo:
—Mira, mañana es la fiesta de Luna Nueva, y se supone que voy a comer con el rey. Deja que me esconda en el campo hasta el anochecer. 6 Si tu papá nota que no estoy, dile: «David se fue a Belén porque su familia está celebrando esta fiesta mensual. Me pidió que lo dejara ir para reunirse con su familia». 7 Si tu papá dice que está bien, entonces estaré a salvo, pero si se enoja, entonces sabrás que quiere matarme. 8 Sé bueno conmigo, Jonatán, yo soy tu siervo. Has hecho un pacto conmigo ante el SEÑOR. Si soy culpable, entonces tú mismo me puedes matar, pero no me lleves ante tu papá.
9 Jonatán respondió:
—¡Claro que no! Si me entero que mi papá planea matarte, te avisaré.
10 David dijo:
—¿Quién me lo hará saber si tu papá responde mal?
11 Jonatán le dijo:
—Ven, vamos al campo.
Una vez allí, 12 Jonatán le dijo a David:
—Te prometo ante el SEÑOR Dios de Israel que averiguaré lo que mi papá piensa sobre ti. Me enteraré si piensa bien de ti o no y te enviaré un mensaje al campo. 13 Si mi papá quiere hacerte daño, yo te lo haré saber. Te dejaré vivir a salvo. Que el SEÑOR me castigue si no hago lo que he dicho. Que el SEÑOR esté contigo como estuvo con mi papá. 14 Muestra el fiel amor del SEÑOR conmigo mientras viva, y cuando yo muera, 15 no dejes de mostrar tu fiel amor con mi familia. El SEÑOR borrará de la faz de la tierra a todos tus enemigos. 16 Si entonces nuestras familias deben separarse, que así sea, y que el SEÑOR castigue a tus enemigos.
17 Jonatán le pidió a David que confirmara el juramento de amistad que habían hecho por el aprecio que le tenía, pues lo quería como a sí mismo.
18 Jonatán le dijo a David:
—Mañana es la fiesta de Luna Nueva. Mi papá se dará cuenta que no estás cuando vea tu asiento desocupado. 19 Después de tres días, ve al mismo lugar donde te escondiste al principio de todo esto. Espera cerca de esa colina. 20 Entonces yo iré y pretenderé estar tirando tres flechas al blanco. 21 Le diré a mi criado que vaya a buscar las flechas. Si todo está bien, le diré al escudero: “¡Ya te pasaste! Las flechas están más cerca. Regresa para que las encuentres”. Si digo eso, significa que puedes salir de tu escondite. Te prometo, tan cierto como que el SEÑOR vive, que entonces no habrá peligro y que estarás a salvo. 22 Pero si hay problemas, entonces le diré a mi criado: “Las flechas están más allá. Ve a buscarlas”. Si digo eso, deberás huir. El SEÑOR quiere que te vayas. 23 Recuerda este pacto entre tú y yo. El SEÑOR es testigo para siempre.
24 David se escondió en el campo. Cuando llegó la hora de la fiesta de Luna Nueva, el rey se sentó a comer 25 cerca de la pared donde acostumbraba sentarse. Jonatán se sentó enfrente y Abner a su lado, pero el asiento de David estaba desocupado. 26 Saúl no dijo nada ese día, pues pensó que tal vez algo le había pasado a David que lo dejó impuro.
27 Al siguiente día, el segundo del mes, el asiento de David seguía desocupado. Entonces Saúl le dijo a su hijo Jonatán:
—¿Por qué no vino el hijo de Isaí a la fiesta ni ayer ni hoy?
28 Jonatán respondió:
—Me pidió que lo dejara ir a Belén 29 porque su familia iba a ofrecer un sacrificio allá. Su hermano le había pedido que fuera, así que en nombre de nuestra amistad me pidió que lo dejara ir a ver a sus hermanos. Por eso no está a la mesa.
30 Entonces Saúl se enfureció con Jonatán y le dijo:
—No quieres obedecer porque eres hijo de una esclava perversa y rebelde. Yo sé que estás de parte de David, para vergüenza tuya y de tu madre. 31 Mientras viva el hijo de Isaí, no serás rey ni tendrás ningún reino. ¡Ve y tráeme a David ahora mismo! ¡Ya está condenado!
32 Jonatán le preguntó a su papá:
—¿Por qué ha de morir David? ¿Qué mal ha hecho?
33 Pero Saúl trató de matarlo con su lanza. Así Jonatán se convenció de que Saúl estaba decidido a matar a David. 34 Jonatán se retiró de la mesa, enfurecido. Estaba tan enojado con su papá que no comió nada ese día. Estaba enfurecido porque Saúl lo había humillado y porque Saúl quería matar a David.
35 A la mañana siguiente, Jonatán salió al campo para encontrarse con David, como lo habían planeado. Lo acompañaba uno de sus criados más jóvenes. 36 Jonatán le dijo al criado:
—Ve y busca las flechas que voy a tirar.
El criado se echó a correr y Jonatán tiró las flechas sobre su cabeza. 37 El criado corrió al lugar donde habían caído las flechas, pero Jonatán gritó:
—¡Están más allá! 38 ¡Apúrate! ¡No te quedes ahí parado, ve por ellas!
El criado recogió las flechas y se las trajo a su amo 39 sin darse cuenta de nada de lo que pasaba, pues sólo David y Jonatán lo sabían. 40 Jonatán le dio el arco y las flechas al criado y le dijo que se regresara al pueblo.
41 En cuanto se fue el criado, David salió de su escondite e inclinó su rostro ante Jonatán. Después de inclinarse tres veces, se besaron y lloraron juntos, hasta que David se desahogó. 42 Jonatán le dijo a David:
—Ve en paz. En el nombre del SEÑOR, prometimos que seríamos amigos y que el SEÑOR sería testigo entre nosotros y nuestra descendencia para siempre.
Footnotes
- 20:3 me pondrías al tanto Según LXX. TM: tú te disgustarías.
1 Samuel 20
New International Version
1 Samuel 20
New International Version
David and Jonathan
20 Then David fled from Naioth at Ramah and went to Jonathan and asked, “What have I done? What is my crime? How have I wronged(A) your father, that he is trying to kill me?”(B)
2 “Never!” Jonathan replied. “You are not going to die! Look, my father doesn’t do anything, great or small, without letting me know. Why would he hide this from me? It isn’t so!”
3 But David took an oath(C) and said, “Your father knows very well that I have found favor in your eyes, and he has said to himself, ‘Jonathan must not know this or he will be grieved.’ Yet as surely as the Lord lives and as you live, there is only a step between me and death.”
4 Jonathan said to David, “Whatever you want me to do, I’ll do for you.”
5 So David said, “Look, tomorrow is the New Moon feast,(D) and I am supposed to dine with the king; but let me go and hide(E) in the field until the evening of the day after tomorrow. 6 If your father misses me at all, tell him, ‘David earnestly asked my permission(F) to hurry to Bethlehem,(G) his hometown, because an annual(H) sacrifice is being made there for his whole clan.’ 7 If he says, ‘Very well,’ then your servant is safe. But if he loses his temper,(I) you can be sure that he is determined(J) to harm me. 8 As for you, show kindness to your servant, for you have brought him into a covenant(K) with you before the Lord. If I am guilty, then kill(L) me yourself! Why hand me over to your father?”
9 “Never!” Jonathan said. “If I had the least inkling that my father was determined to harm you, wouldn’t I tell you?”
10 David asked, “Who will tell me if your father answers you harshly?”
11 “Come,” Jonathan said, “let’s go out into the field.” So they went there together.
12 Then Jonathan said to David, “I swear by the Lord, the God of Israel, that I will surely sound(M) out my father by this time the day after tomorrow! If he is favorably disposed toward you, will I not send you word and let you know? 13 But if my father intends to harm you, may the Lord deal with Jonathan, be it ever so severely,(N) if I do not let you know and send you away in peace. May the Lord be with(O) you as he has been with my father. 14 But show me unfailing kindness(P) like the Lord’s kindness as long as I live, so that I may not be killed, 15 and do not ever cut off your kindness from my family(Q)—not even when the Lord has cut off every one of David’s enemies from the face of the earth.”
16 So Jonathan(R) made a covenant(S) with the house of David, saying, “May the Lord call David’s enemies to account.(T)” 17 And Jonathan had David reaffirm his oath(U) out of love for him, because he loved him as he loved himself.
18 Then Jonathan said to David, “Tomorrow is the New Moon feast. You will be missed, because your seat will be empty.(V) 19 The day after tomorrow, toward evening, go to the place where you hid(W) when this trouble began, and wait by the stone Ezel. 20 I will shoot three arrows(X) to the side of it, as though I were shooting at a target. 21 Then I will send a boy and say, ‘Go, find the arrows.’ If I say to him, ‘Look, the arrows are on this side of you; bring them here,’ then come, because, as surely as the Lord lives, you are safe; there is no danger. 22 But if I say to the boy, ‘Look, the arrows are beyond(Y) you,’ then you must go, because the Lord has sent you away. 23 And about the matter you and I discussed—remember, the Lord is witness(Z) between you and me forever.”
24 So David hid in the field, and when the New Moon feast(AA) came, the king sat down to eat. 25 He sat in his customary place by the wall, opposite Jonathan,[a] and Abner sat next to Saul, but David’s place was empty.(AB) 26 Saul said nothing that day, for he thought, “Something must have happened to David to make him ceremonially unclean—surely he is unclean.(AC)” 27 But the next day, the second day of the month, David’s place was empty again. Then Saul said to his son Jonathan, “Why hasn’t the son of Jesse come to the meal, either yesterday or today?”
28 Jonathan answered, “David earnestly asked me for permission(AD) to go to Bethlehem. 29 He said, ‘Let me go, because our family is observing a sacrifice(AE) in the town and my brother has ordered me to be there. If I have found favor in your eyes, let me get away to see my brothers.’ That is why he has not come to the king’s table.”
30 Saul’s anger flared up at Jonathan and he said to him, “You son of a perverse and rebellious woman! Don’t I know that you have sided with the son of Jesse to your own shame and to the shame of the mother who bore you? 31 As long as the son of Jesse lives on this earth, neither you nor your kingdom(AF) will be established. Now send someone to bring him to me, for he must die!”
32 “Why(AG) should he be put to death? What(AH) has he done?” Jonathan asked his father. 33 But Saul hurled his spear at him to kill him. Then Jonathan knew that his father intended(AI) to kill David.
34 Jonathan got up from the table in fierce anger; on that second day of the feast he did not eat, because he was grieved at his father’s shameful treatment of David.
35 In the morning Jonathan went out to the field for his meeting with David. He had a small boy with him, 36 and he said to the boy, “Run and find the arrows I shoot.” As the boy ran, he shot an arrow beyond him. 37 When the boy came to the place where Jonathan’s arrow had fallen, Jonathan called out after him, “Isn’t the arrow beyond(AJ) you?” 38 Then he shouted, “Hurry! Go quickly! Don’t stop!” The boy picked up the arrow and returned to his master. 39 (The boy knew nothing about all this; only Jonathan and David knew.) 40 Then Jonathan gave his weapons to the boy and said, “Go, carry them back to town.”
41 After the boy had gone, David got up from the south side of the stone and bowed down before Jonathan three times, with his face to the ground.(AK) Then they kissed each other and wept together—but David wept the most.
42 Jonathan said to David, “Go in peace,(AL) for we have sworn friendship(AM) with each other in the name of the Lord,(AN) saying, ‘The Lord is witness(AO) between you and me, and between your descendants and my descendants forever.(AP)’” Then David left, and Jonathan went back to the town.[b]
Footnotes
- 1 Samuel 20:25 Septuagint; Hebrew wall. Jonathan arose
- 1 Samuel 20:42 In Hebrew texts this sentence (20:42b) is numbered 21:1.
1 Samuel 20
King James Version
1 Samuel 20
King James Version
20 And David fled from Naioth in Ramah, and came and said before Jonathan, What have I done? what is mine iniquity? and what is my sin before thy father, that he seeketh my life?
2 And he said unto him, God forbid; thou shalt not die: behold, my father will do nothing either great or small, but that he will shew it me: and why should my father hide this thing from me? it is not so.
3 And David sware moreover, and said, Thy father certainly knoweth that I have found grace in thine eyes; and he saith, Let not Jonathan know this, lest he be grieved: but truly as the Lord liveth, and as thy soul liveth, there is but a step between me and death.
4 Then said Jonathan unto David, Whatsoever thy soul desireth, I will even do it for thee.
5 And David said unto Jonathan, Behold, to morrow is the new moon, and I should not fail to sit with the king at meat: but let me go, that I may hide myself in the field unto the third day at even.
6 If thy father at all miss me, then say, David earnestly asked leave of me that he might run to Bethlehem his city: for there is a yearly sacrifice there for all the family.
7 If he say thus, It is well; thy servant shall have peace: but if he be very wroth, then be sure that evil is determined by him.
8 Therefore thou shalt deal kindly with thy servant; for thou hast brought thy servant into a covenant of the Lord with thee: notwithstanding, if there be in me iniquity, slay me thyself; for why shouldest thou bring me to thy father?
9 And Jonathan said, Far be it from thee: for if I knew certainly that evil were determined by my father to come upon thee, then would not I tell it thee?
10 Then said David to Jonathan, Who shall tell me? or what if thy father answer thee roughly?
11 And Jonathan said unto David, Come, and let us go out into the field. And they went out both of them into the field.
12 And Jonathan said unto David, O Lord God of Israel, when I have sounded my father about to morrow any time, or the third day, and, behold, if there be good toward David, and I then send not unto thee, and shew it thee;
13 The Lord do so and much more to Jonathan: but if it please my father to do thee evil, then I will shew it thee, and send thee away, that thou mayest go in peace: and the Lord be with thee, as he hath been with my father.
14 And thou shalt not only while yet I live shew me the kindness of the Lord, that I die not:
15 But also thou shalt not cut off thy kindness from my house for ever: no, not when the Lord hath cut off the enemies of David every one from the face of the earth.
16 So Jonathan made a covenant with the house of David, saying, Let the Lord even require it at the hand of David's enemies.
17 And Jonathan caused David to swear again, because he loved him: for he loved him as he loved his own soul.
18 Then Jonathan said to David, To morrow is the new moon: and thou shalt be missed, because thy seat will be empty.
19 And when thou hast stayed three days, then thou shalt go down quickly, and come to the place where thou didst hide thyself when the business was in hand, and shalt remain by the stone Ezel.
20 And I will shoot three arrows on the side thereof, as though I shot at a mark.
21 And, behold, I will send a lad, saying, Go, find out the arrows. If I expressly say unto the lad, Behold, the arrows are on this side of thee, take them; then come thou: for there is peace to thee, and no hurt; as the Lord liveth.
22 But if I say thus unto the young man, Behold, the arrows are beyond thee; go thy way: for the Lord hath sent thee away.
23 And as touching the matter which thou and I have spoken of, behold, the Lord be between thee and me for ever.
24 So David hid himself in the field: and when the new moon was come, the king sat him down to eat meat.
25 And the king sat upon his seat, as at other times, even upon a seat by the wall: and Jonathan arose, and Abner sat by Saul's side, and David's place was empty.
26 Nevertheless Saul spake not any thing that day: for he thought, Something hath befallen him, he is not clean; surely he is not clean.
27 And it came to pass on the morrow, which was the second day of the month, that David's place was empty: and Saul said unto Jonathan his son, Wherefore cometh not the son of Jesse to meat, neither yesterday, nor to day?
28 And Jonathan answered Saul, David earnestly asked leave of me to go to Bethlehem:
29 And he said, Let me go, I pray thee; for our family hath a sacrifice in the city; and my brother, he hath commanded me to be there: and now, if I have found favour in thine eyes, let me get away, I pray thee, and see my brethren. Therefore he cometh not unto the king's table.
30 Then Saul's anger was kindled against Jonathan, and he said unto him, Thou son of the perverse rebellious woman, do not I know that thou hast chosen the son of Jesse to thine own confusion, and unto the confusion of thy mother's nakedness?
31 For as long as the son of Jesse liveth upon the ground, thou shalt not be established, nor thy kingdom. Wherefore now send and fetch him unto me, for he shall surely die.
32 And Jonathan answered Saul his father, and said unto him, Wherefore shall he be slain? what hath he done?
33 And Saul cast a javelin at him to smite him: whereby Jonathan knew that it was determined of his father to slay David.
34 So Jonathan arose from the table in fierce anger, and did eat no meat the second day of the month: for he was grieved for David, because his father had done him shame.
35 And it came to pass in the morning, that Jonathan went out into the field at the time appointed with David, and a little lad with him.
36 And he said unto his lad, Run, find out now the arrows which I shoot. And as the lad ran, he shot an arrow beyond him.
37 And when the lad was come to the place of the arrow which Jonathan had shot, Jonathan cried after the lad, and said, Is not the arrow beyond thee?
38 And Jonathan cried after the lad, Make speed, haste, stay not. And Jonathan's lad gathered up the arrows, and came to his master.
39 But the lad knew not any thing: only Jonathan and David knew the matter.
40 And Jonathan gave his artillery unto his lad, and said unto him, Go, carry them to the city.
41 And as soon as the lad was gone, David arose out of a place toward the south, and fell on his face to the ground, and bowed himself three times: and they kissed one another, and wept one with another, until David exceeded.
42 And Jonathan said to David, Go in peace, forasmuch as we have sworn both of us in the name of the Lord, saying, The Lord be between me and thee, and between my seed and thy seed for ever. And he arose and departed: and Jonathan went into the city.
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