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Saúl intenta matar a David

19 Saúl les comunicó a su hijo Jonatán y a todos sus funcionarios su decisión de matar[a] a David. Pero, como Jonatán le tenía tanto afecto a David, le advirtió: «Mi padre Saúl está buscando una oportunidad para matarte. Así que ten mucho cuidado mañana; escóndete en algún sitio seguro, y quédate allí. Yo saldré con mi padre al campo donde tú estés, y le hablaré de ti. Cuando averigüe lo que pasa, te lo haré saber».

Jonatán le habló a su padre Saúl en favor de David:

―¡No vaya el rey a pecar contra su siervo David! —le rogó—. Él no te ha hecho ningún mal; al contrario, lo que ha hecho ha sido de gran beneficio para ti. Para matar al filisteo arriesgó su propia vida, y el Señor le dio una gran victoria a todo Israel. Tú mismo lo viste y te alegraste. ¿Por qué has de pecar contra un inocente y matar a David sin motivo?

Saúl le hizo caso a Jonatán, y exclamó:

―Tan cierto como que el Señor vive, te juro que David no morirá.

Entonces Jonatán llamó a David y, después de contarle toda la conversación, lo llevó ante Saúl para que estuviera a su servicio como antes.

Volvió a estallar la guerra. David salió a pelear contra los filisteos, y los combatió con tal violencia que tuvieron que huir.

Sin embargo, un espíritu maligno de parte del Señor se apoderó de Saúl. Estaba sentado en el palacio, con una lanza en la mano. Mientras David tocaba el arpa, 10 intentó clavarlo en la pared con la lanza, pero David esquivó el golpe de Saúl, de modo que la lanza quedó clavada en la pared. Esa misma noche David se dio a la fuga.

11 Entonces Saúl mandó a varios hombres a casa de David, para que lo vigilaran durante la noche y lo mataran al día siguiente. Pero Mical, la esposa de David, le advirtió: «Si no te pones a salvo esta noche, mañana serás hombre muerto». 12 En seguida ella descolgó a David por la ventana, y así él pudo escapar. 13 Luego Mical tomó un ídolo[b] y lo puso en la cama con un tejido de pelo de cabra en la cabeza, y lo cubrió con una sábana.

14 Cuando Saúl mandó a los hombres para apresar a David, Mical les dijo: «Está enfermo». 15 Pero Saúl los mandó de nuevo a buscar a David: «Aunque esté en cama, ¡traédmelo aquí para matarlo!» 16 Al entrar en la casa, los hombres vieron que lo que estaba en la cama era un ídolo, con un tejido de pelo de cabra en la cabeza. 17 Entonces Saúl le preguntó a Mical:

―¿Por qué me has engañado así? ¿Por qué dejaste escapar a mi enemigo?

Ella respondió:

―Él me amenazó con matarme si no lo dejaba escapar.

18 Después de huir y ponerse a salvo, David fue a Ramá para ver a Samuel y contarle todo lo que Saúl le había hecho. Entonces los dos se fueron a vivir a Nayot. 19 Cuando Saúl se enteró de que David estaba en Nayot de Ramá, 20 mandó a sus hombres para que lo apresaran. Pero se encontraron con un grupo de profetas, dirigidos por Samuel, que estaban profetizando. Entonces el Espíritu de Dios vino con poder sobre los hombres de Saúl, y también ellos cayeron en trance profético. 21 Al oír la noticia, Saúl envió otro grupo, pero ellos también cayeron en trance. Luego mandó un tercer grupo, y les pasó lo mismo. 22 Por fin, Saúl en persona fue a Ramá y llegó al gran pozo que está en Secú.

―¿Dónde están Samuel y David? —preguntó.

―En Nayot de Ramá —alguien le respondió.

23 Saúl se dirigió entonces hacia allí, pero el Espíritu de Dios vino con poder también sobre él, y Saúl estuvo en trance profético por todo el camino, hasta llegar a Nayot de Ramá. 24 Luego se quitó la ropa y, desnudo y en el suelo, estuvo en trance en presencia de Samuel todo el día y toda la noche. De ahí viene el dicho: «¿Acaso también Saúl es uno de los profetas?»

Footnotes

  1. 19:1 comunicó … su decisión de matar. Alt. ordenó … que mataran.
  2. 19:13 un ídolo. Lit. los terafines; también en v. 16.

Saul Repeatedly Attempts to Take David’s Life

19 Then Saul told his son Jonathan and all his servants to kill David. But Saul’s son Jonathan liked David very much.[a] So Jonathan told David, “My father Saul is trying[b] to kill you. So be careful tomorrow morning. Find[c] a hiding place and stay in seclusion.[d] I will go out and stand beside my father in the field where you are. I will speak to my father about you. When I find out what the problem is,[e] I will let you know.”

So Jonathan spoke on David’s behalf[f] to his father Saul. He said to him, “The king should not sin against his servant David, for he has not sinned against you. On the contrary, his actions have been very beneficial[g] for you. He risked his life[h] when he struck down the Philistine, and the Lord gave all Israel a great victory. When you saw it, you were happy. So why would you sin against innocent blood by putting David to death for no reason?”

Saul accepted Jonathan’s advice[i] and took an oath, “As surely as the Lord lives, he will not be put to death.” Then Jonathan called David and told him all these things. Jonathan brought David to Saul, and he served him as he had done formerly.[j]

Now once again there was war. So David went out to fight the Philistines. He defeated them thoroughly,[k] and they ran away from him. Then an evil spirit from the Lord came upon[l] Saul. He was sitting in his house with his spear in his hand, while David was playing the lyre.[m] 10 Saul tried to nail David to the wall with the spear, but he escaped from Saul’s presence, and the spear drove into the wall.[n] David escaped quickly[o] that night.

11 Saul sent messengers to David’s house to guard it and to kill him in the morning. Then David’s wife Michal told him, “If you do not save yourself[p] tonight, tomorrow you will be dead!” 12 So Michal lowered David through the window, and he ran away and escaped.

13 Then Michal took a household idol[q] and put it on the bed. She put a quilt[r] made of goats’ hair over its head[s] and then covered the idol with a garment. 14 When Saul sent messengers to arrest David, she said, “He’s sick.”

15 Then Saul sent the messengers back to see David, saying, “Bring him up to me on his bed so I can kill him.” 16 When the messengers came, they found only the idol on the bed and the quilt made of goats’ hair at its head.

17 Saul said to Michal, “Why have you deceived me this way by sending my enemy away? Now he has escaped!” Michal replied to Saul, “He said to me, ‘Help me get away or else I will kill you!’”[t]

18 Now David had run away and escaped. He went to Samuel in Ramah and told him everything that Saul had done to him. Then he and Samuel went and stayed at Naioth. 19 It was reported to Saul saying, “David is at Naioth in Ramah.” 20 So Saul sent messengers to capture David. When they saw a company of prophets prophesying with Samuel standing there as their leader, the Spirit of God came upon Saul’s messengers, and they also prophesied. 21 When it was reported to Saul, he sent more messengers, but they prophesied too. So Saul sent messengers a third time, but they also prophesied. 22 Finally Saul[u] himself went to Ramah. When he arrived at the large cistern that is in Secu, he asked, “Where are Samuel and David?” They said, “At Naioth in Ramah.”

23 So Saul went to Naioth in Ramah. The Spirit of God came upon him as well, and he walked along prophesying until he came to Naioth in Ramah. 24 He even stripped off his clothes and prophesied before Samuel. He lay there[v] naked all that day and night. (For that reason it is asked, “Is Saul also among the prophets?”)

Footnotes

  1. 1 Samuel 19:1 tn Heb “delighted greatly in David.”
  2. 1 Samuel 19:2 tn Heb “seeking.”
  3. 1 Samuel 19:2 tn Heb “stay in.”
  4. 1 Samuel 19:2 tn Heb “and hide yourself.”
  5. 1 Samuel 19:3 tn Heb “when I see.”
  6. 1 Samuel 19:4 tn Heb “spoke good with respect to David.”
  7. 1 Samuel 19:4 tn Heb “good.”
  8. 1 Samuel 19:5 tn Heb “and he put his life into his hand.”
  9. 1 Samuel 19:6 tn Heb “and Saul listened to the voice of Jonathan.”
  10. 1 Samuel 19:7 tn Heb “and he was before him as before.”
  11. 1 Samuel 19:8 tn Heb “and he struck them down with a great blow.”
  12. 1 Samuel 19:9 tn Heb “[was] to.”
  13. 1 Samuel 19:9 tn The Hebrew text adds here “with his hand.”
  14. 1 Samuel 19:10 tn Heb “and he drove the spear into the wall.”
  15. 1 Samuel 19:10 tn Heb “fled and escaped.”
  16. 1 Samuel 19:11 tn Heb “your life.”
  17. 1 Samuel 19:13 tn Heb “teraphim” (also a second time in this verse and once in v. 16). These were statues that represented various deities. According to 2 Kgs 23:24 they were prohibited during the time of Josiah’s reform movement in the seventh century. The idol Michal placed under the covers was of sufficient size to give the mistaken impression that David lay in the bed, thus facilitating his escape.
  18. 1 Samuel 19:13 tn The exact meaning of the Hebrew word כָּבִיר (kavir) is uncertain; it is found in the Hebrew Bible only here and in v. 16. It probably refers to a quilt made of goats’ hair, perhaps used as a fly net while one slept. See HALOT 458 s.v. *כָּבִיר. Cf. KJV, TEV “pillow”; NLT “cushion”; NAB, NRSV “net.”
  19. 1 Samuel 19:13 tn Heb “at the place of its head.”
  20. 1 Samuel 19:17 tn Heb “Send me away! Why should I kill you?” The question has the force of a threat in this context. See P. K. McCarter, I Samuel (AB), 325-26.
  21. 1 Samuel 19:22 tn Heb “he” (also in v. 23). The referent (Saul) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  22. 1 Samuel 19:24 tn Heb “and he fell down.”