L’exploit de Jonathan

14 Un jour, Jonathan, le fils de Saül, dit à son écuyer : Viens, allons attaquer ce poste des Philistins qui est en face, de l’autre côté de la gorge.

Mais il ne prévint pas son père.

Saül se trouvait alors à la sortie de Guibéa avec ses quelque six cents hommes sous le grenadier de Migrôn. Il y avait aussi comme prêtre portant l’éphod[a] Ahiya, fils d’Ahitoub, frère d’I-Kabod, le fils de Phinéas et petit-fils d’Eli qui avait été prêtre de l’Eternel à Silo. Personne n’avait remarqué que Jonathan était parti.

Dans le défilé que Jonathan cherchait à franchir pour atteindre le poste des Philistins se dressaient de part et d’autre deux pointes rocheuses appelées Botsets et Séné. L’une d’elles s’élève au nord en face de Mikmas et l’autre au sud en face de Guéba.

Jonathan dit au jeune homme qui portait ses armes : Viens et attaquons le poste de ces incirconcis. Peut-être l’Eternel agira-t-il en notre faveur, car rien ne l’empêche de sauver par un petit nombre aussi bien que par un grand.

Son serviteur lui répondit : Fais tout ce que tu as à cœur. Allons-y ! Je suis prêt à te suivre où tu voudras.

Jonathan lui expliqua : Ecoute, nous allons nous faufiler jusqu’à ces hommes, puis nous nous découvrirons brusquement à eux. S’ils nous disent : « Halte ! Ne bougez pas jusqu’à ce que nous vous ayons rejoints », nous resterons sur place et nous ne monterons pas jusqu’à eux. 10 Mais s’ils nous disent de monter jusqu’à eux, nous irons ; ce sera pour nous le signe que l’Eternel nous donne la victoire sur eux.

11 Lorsqu’ils se montrèrent tous deux aux hommes du poste des Philistins, ceux-ci s’écrièrent : Tiens ! Voici des Hébreux qui sortent des trous où ils s’étaient cachés.

12 Et s’adressant à Jonathan et au jeune homme qui portait ses armes, ils leur crièrent : Montez jusqu’à nous, nous avons quelque chose à vous apprendre.

Alors Jonathan dit à son serviteur : Suis-moi là-haut, car l’Eternel donne à Israël la victoire sur eux.

13 Jonathan grimpa en s’aidant des mains et des pieds, et le jeune homme qui portait ses armes le suivait. Ils attaquèrent les Philistins qui tombèrent sous les coups de Jonathan, tandis que le jeune homme les achevait derrière lui. 14 Ils massacrèrent ainsi une vingtaine d’hommes sur un espace de quelques mètres carrés.

15 La panique se répandit dans le camp philistin, elle gagna toute la région et toute l’armée ; les avant-postes et la troupe de choc furent terrifiés à leur tour, de plus, la terre se mit à trembler. Dieu lui-même sema la panique parmi eux.

La délivrance

16 Les guetteurs postés par Saül autour de Guibéa de Benjamin virent les soldats du camp ennemi courir en tous sens et se disperser çà et là. 17 Alors Saül ordonna à ses soldats : Faites l’appel et voyez qui nous a quittés.

On fit l’appel et l’on s’aperçut que Jonathan et le jeune homme qui portait ses armes manquaient. 18 Saül dit à Ahiya : Apportez l’éphod[b] !

Car le prêtre portait en ce temps-là l’éphod devant les Israélites.

19 Pendant que Saül parlait au prêtre, le désordre augmentait dans le camp des Philistins. Alors Saül dit au prêtre : Cela suffit ! Retire ta main.

20 Saül et ses hommes se rassemblèrent et s’avancèrent sur le champ de bataille. Et que virent-ils ? Leurs ennemis étaient en train de s’entretuer à coups d’épée dans une mêlée indescriptible. 21 Les Hébreux qui, depuis longtemps, étaient au service des Philistins et qui participaient à leurs expéditions, firent volte-face et passèrent du côté des Israélites qui étaient avec Saül et Jonathan. 22 De même, tous les Israélites qui s’étaient cachés dans la région montagneuse d’Ephraïm apprirent la défaite des Philistins et se mirent, eux aussi, à les talonner pour les combattre. 23 Ainsi, ce jour-là, l’Eternel accorda la délivrance à Israël et le combat se poursuivit jusqu’au-delà de Beth-Aven.

Le serment insensé

24 Les hommes d’Israël étaient exténués car Saül les avait placés sous cette imprécation : Maudit soit l’homme qui prendra de la nourriture avant le soir, avant que je me sois vengé de mes ennemis !

Personne n’avait donc rien mangé. 25 Toute l’armée avait atteint un bois où du miel coulait jusque sur le sol. 26 En arrivant, les hommes virent bien ce miel qui ruisselait des rayons, mais aucun d’eux n’osa y toucher et en porter à sa bouche par respect du serment. 27 Toutefois Jonathan, qui ignorait que son père avait fait prêter serment à tout le peuple, tendit le bâton qu’il tenait en main et en trempa le bout dans le rayon de miel, puis il le porta à sa bouche. Immédiatement, ses yeux s’éclaircirent. 28 A ce moment, l’un des soldats l’avertit en disant : Ton père a adjuré le peuple par un serment en disant : « Maudit soit l’homme qui prendra aujourd’hui de la nourriture ! » C’est pour cela que tous sont épuisés.

29 Jonathan déclara : Mon père fait le malheur du pays. Voyez donc comme ma vue s’est éclaircie depuis que j’ai mangé un peu de ce miel. 30 Ah ! si nos hommes avaient mangé aujourd’hui de la nourriture qu’ils ont trouvée chez nos ennemis, la défaite des Philistins serait bien plus grande !

31 Les Israélites battirent ce jour-là les Philistins depuis Mikmas jusqu’à Ayalôn[c], ensuite les hommes étaient si épuisés 32 qu’ils se ruèrent sur le butin, ils prirent des moutons, des bœufs et des veaux, les égorgèrent sur place et les mangèrent avec le sang. 33 On vint dire à Saül que les hommes étaient en train de commettre une faute contre l’Eternel en mangeant des bêtes avec le sang. Alors le roi s’écria : Vous êtes des infidèles ! Roulez immédiatement vers moi une grande pierre[d] ! 34 Puis il ajouta : Répandez-vous dans l’armée et dites à chacun de venir m’amener son bœuf ou son mouton et de l’égorger ici. Ensuite vous en mangerez et vous ne commettrez plus de faute contre l’Eternel en mangeant ces bêtes avec le sang !

Chacun amena donc pendant la nuit le bétail qu’il avait sous la main et on l’égorgea en cet endroit. 35 Saül bâtit un autel à l’Eternel. Ce fut le premier qu’il édifia en son honneur.

36 Saül proposa : Descendons cette nuit derrière les Philistins et pillons-les jusqu’à l’aube. Nous ne laisserons pas de survivants.

Les soldats lui dirent : Fais comme tu le juges bon.

Alors le prêtre intervint en disant : Consultons d’abord Dieu ici.

37 Saül interrogea Dieu : Descendrai-je à la poursuite des Philistins ? Les livreras-tu en notre pouvoir ?

Mais Dieu ne lui répondit pas ce jour-là. 38 Alors Saül convoqua tous les chefs du peuple auprès de lui et leur dit : Faites des recherches et tâchez de savoir quelle faute a été commise aujourd’hui ! 39 Aussi vrai que l’Eternel qui vient de délivrer Israël est vivant, je jure que le coupable mourra, même s’il s’agissait de mon fils Jonathan.

Mais personne dans tout le peuple ne lui répondit mot.

40 Alors il dit : Mettez-vous tous d’un côté, et mon fils Jonathan et moi-même, nous nous mettrons de l’autre.

– Fais comme tu le juges bon, lui répondirent ses soldats.

41 Saül dit à l’Eternel : Dieu d’Israël, [pourquoi n’as-tu pas répondu à ton serviteur aujourd’hui ? Si la faute se trouve en moi-même ou en mon fils Jonathan, réponds par l’ourim ; si elle se trouve dans l’armée, réponds par le toummim[e].]

Dans sa réponse, Dieu désigna Saül et Jonathan. Ainsi le peuple fut mis hors de cause. 42 Alors Saül ordonna : Jetez le sort pour déterminer s’il s’agit de moi ou de mon fils Jonathan[f] !

Et le sort tomba sur Jonathan. 43 Alors Saül lui demanda : Qu’as-tu fait ? Avoue-le-moi !

Et Jonathan lui déclara : J’ai goûté un peu de miel avec le bâton que j’avais en main. Me voici prêt à mourir.

44 Saül s’écria : Oui, certainement, tu seras puni de mort, Jonathan ! Que Dieu me punisse très sévèrement si je te laisse en vie.

45 Mais les soldats intervinrent et dirent : Comment ! Jonathan mourrait alors que c’est lui qui est à l’origine de cette grande victoire pour Israël ! Sûrement pas ! Aussi vrai que l’Eternel est vivant, nous ne permettrons pas qu’un seul cheveu tombe de sa tête, car ce qu’il a fait aujourd’hui, c’est avec l’aide de Dieu qu’il l’a réalisé.

Ainsi, l’intervention du peuple sauva Jonathan et il ne fut pas mis à mort. 46 Saül abandonna la poursuite des Philistins, et ceux-ci regagnèrent leur pays.

Les victoires militaires de Saül

47 Une fois que Saül eut reçu la royauté sur Israël, il fit la guerre à tous les ennemis d’alentour : aux Moabites, aux Ammonites, aux Edomites, aux rois[g] de Tsoba[h] et aux Philistins ; partout où il se tournait, il les malmenait. 48 Il signala sa bravoure en battant les Amalécites et en délivrant Israël de ceux qui le pillaient.

49 Saül avait des fils : Jonathan, Yishvi et Malkishoua[i], ainsi que deux filles : Mérab, l’aînée, et Mikal, la cadette[j]. 50 Sa femme s’appelait Ahinoam, elle était fille d’Ahimaats. Le général en chef de son armée était Abner, le fils de son oncle Ner. 51 Ner, comme Qish le père de Saül, était fils d’Abiel. 52 La guerre contre les Philistins se poursuivit avec acharnement pendant toute la vie de Saül. Dès que celui-ci remarquait un homme fort et courageux, il l’enrôlait dans son armée.

Footnotes

  1. 14.3 Qui contenait l’ourim et le toummim servant à consulter Dieu (v. 18 et 36-42).
  2. 14.18 D’après l’ancienne version grecque ; le texte hébreu traditionnel parle du coffre de Dieu. L’expression de la fin du v. 19 montre qu’il s’agit bien de l’éphod.
  3. 14.31 A quelque 25 kilomètres à l’ouest de Mikmas.
  4. 14.33 Voir Lv 17.10-14 ; 19.26.
  5. 14.41 Les mots entre crochets se trouvent seulement dans l’ancienne version grecque et la Vulgate. Le texte hébreu traditionnel dit simplement : fais connaître la vérité. Sur l’ourim et le toummim, voir Ex 28.30.
  6. 14.42 L’ancienne version grecque ajoute : Celui que l’Eternel désignera mourra. » Le peuple protesta en disant à Saül : « Jamais ! Cela ne se fera pas ! » Mais Saül s’obstina et fit prévaloir sa volonté sur celle de ses hommes et l’on tira au sort entre lui et son fils Jonathan.
  7. 14.47 Selon le texte hébreu traditionnel. Le texte hébreu de Qumrân et l’ancienne version grecque ont le singulier.
  8. 14.47 Sans doute une région de Syrie (voir 2 S 10.6).
  9. 14.49 Voir 2 S 2.8, 10 ; 1 Ch 8.33 ; 9.39 ; 10.2.
  10. 14.49 Voir 18.17, 20, 27 ; 19.11-17 ; 25.44 ; 2 S 6.16-23.

Jonathan Defeats the Philistines

14 Now it happened one day that Jonathan the son of Saul said to the young man who [a]bore his armor, “Come, let us go over to the Philistines’ garrison that is on the other side.” But he did not tell his father. And Saul was sitting in the outskirts of (A)Gibeah under a pomegranate tree which is in Migron. The people who were with him were about six hundred men. (B)Ahijah the son of Ahitub, (C)Ichabod’s brother, the son of Phinehas, the son of Eli, the Lord’s priest in Shiloh, was (D)wearing an ephod. But the people did not know that Jonathan had gone.

Between the passes, by which Jonathan sought to go over (E)to the Philistines’ garrison, there was a sharp rock on one side and a sharp rock on the other side. And the name of one was Bozez, and the name of the other Seneh. The front of one faced northward opposite Michmash, and the other southward opposite Gibeah.

Then Jonathan said to the young man who bore his armor, “Come, let us go over to the garrison of these (F)uncircumcised; it may be that the Lord will work for us. For nothing restrains the Lord (G)from saving by many or by few.”

So his armorbearer said to him, “Do all that is in your heart. Go then; here I am with you, according to your heart.”

Then Jonathan said, “Very well, let us cross over to these men, and we will show ourselves to them. If they say thus to us, ‘Wait until we come to you,’ then we will stand still in our place and not go up to them. 10 But if they say thus, ‘Come up to us,’ then we will go up. For the Lord has delivered them into our hand, and (H)this will be a sign to us.”

11 So both of them showed themselves to the garrison of the Philistines. And the Philistines said, “Look, the Hebrews are coming out of the holes where they have (I)hidden.” 12 Then the men of the garrison called to Jonathan and his armorbearer, and said, “Come up to us, and we will [b]show you something.”

Jonathan said to his armorbearer, “Come up after me, for the Lord has delivered them into the hand of Israel.” 13 And Jonathan climbed up on his hands and knees with his armorbearer after him; and they (J)fell before Jonathan. And as he came after him, his armorbearer killed them. 14 That first slaughter which Jonathan and his armorbearer made was about twenty men within about [c]half an acre of land.

15 And (K)there was [d]trembling in the camp, in the field, and among all the people. The garrison and (L)the raiders also trembled; and the earth quaked, so that it was (M)a very great trembling. 16 Now the watchmen of Saul in Gibeah of Benjamin looked, and there was the multitude, melting away; and they (N)went here and there. 17 Then Saul said to the people who were with him, “Now call the roll and see who has gone from us.” And when they had called the roll, surprisingly, Jonathan and his armorbearer were not there. 18 And Saul said to Ahijah, “Bring the [e]ark of God here” (for at that time the ark of God was with the children of Israel). 19 Now it happened, while Saul (O)talked to the priest, that the noise which was in the camp of the Philistines continued to increase; so Saul said to the priest, “Withdraw your hand.” 20 Then Saul and all the people who were with him assembled, and they went to the battle; and indeed (P)every man’s sword was against his neighbor, and there was very great confusion. 21 Moreover the Hebrews who were with the Philistines before that time, who went up with them into the camp from the surrounding country, they also joined the Israelites who were with Saul and Jonathan. 22 Likewise all the men of Israel who (Q)had hidden in the mountains of Ephraim, when they heard that the Philistines fled, they also followed hard after them in the battle. 23 (R)So the Lord saved Israel that day, and the battle shifted (S)to Beth Aven.

Saul’s Rash Oath

24 And the men of Israel were distressed that day, for Saul had (T)placed the people under oath, saying, “Cursed is the man who eats any food until evening, before I have taken vengeance on my enemies.” So none of the people tasted food. 25 (U)Now all the people of the land came to a forest; and there was (V)honey on the ground. 26 And when the people had come into the woods, there was the honey, dripping; but no one put his hand to his mouth, for the people feared the oath. 27 But Jonathan had not heard his father charge the people with the oath; therefore he stretched out the end of the rod that was in his hand and dipped it in a honeycomb, and put his hand to his mouth; and his [f]countenance brightened. 28 Then one of the people said, “Your father strictly charged the people with an oath, saying, ‘Cursed is the man who eats food this day.’ ” And the people were faint.

29 But Jonathan said, “My father has troubled the land. Look now, how my countenance has brightened because I tasted a little of this honey. 30 How much better if the people had eaten freely today of the spoil of their enemies which they found! For now would there not have been a much greater slaughter among the Philistines?”

31 Now they had [g]driven back the Philistines that day from Michmash to Aijalon. So the people were very faint. 32 And the people rushed on the [h]spoil, and took sheep, oxen, and calves, and slaughtered them on the ground; and the people ate them (W)with the blood. 33 Then they told Saul, saying, “Look, the people are sinning against the Lord by eating with the blood!”

So he said, “You have dealt treacherously; roll a large stone to me this day.” 34 Then Saul said, “Disperse yourselves among the people, and say to them, ‘Bring me here every man’s ox and every man’s sheep, slaughter them here, and eat; and do not sin against the Lord by eating with the blood.’ ” So every one of the people brought his ox with him that night, and slaughtered it there. 35 Then Saul (X)built an altar to the Lord. This was the first altar that he built to the Lord.

36 Now Saul said, “Let us go down after the Philistines by night, and plunder them until the morning light; and let us not leave a man of them.”

And they said, “Do whatever seems good to you.”

Then the priest said, “Let us draw near to God here.”

37 So Saul (Y)asked counsel of God, “Shall I go down after the Philistines? Will You deliver them into the hand of Israel?” But (Z)He did not answer him that day. 38 And Saul said, (AA)“Come over here, all you chiefs of the people, and know and see what this sin was today. 39 For (AB)as the Lord lives, who saves Israel, though it be in Jonathan my son, he shall surely die.” But not a man among all the people answered him. 40 Then he said to all Israel, “You be on one side, and my son Jonathan and I will be on the other side.”

And the people said to Saul, “Do what seems good to you.”

41 Therefore Saul said to the Lord God of Israel, (AC)“Give[i] a perfect lot.(AD)So Saul and Jonathan were taken, but the people escaped. 42 And Saul said, “Cast lots between my son Jonathan and me.” So Jonathan was taken. 43 Then Saul said to Jonathan, (AE)“Tell me what you have done.”

And Jonathan told him, and said, (AF)“I only tasted a little honey with the end of the rod that was in my hand. So now I must die!”

44 Saul answered, (AG)“God do so and more also; (AH)for you shall surely die, Jonathan.”

45 But the people said to Saul, “Shall Jonathan die, who has accomplished this great deliverance in Israel? Certainly not! (AI)As the Lord lives, not one hair of his head shall fall to the ground, for he has worked (AJ)with God this day.” So the people rescued Jonathan, and he did not die.

46 Then Saul returned from pursuing the Philistines, and the Philistines went to their own place.

Saul’s Continuing Wars

47 So Saul established his sovereignty over Israel, and fought against all his enemies on every side, against Moab, against the people of (AK)Ammon, against Edom, against the kings of (AL)Zobah, and against the Philistines. Wherever he turned, he [j]harassed them. 48 And he gathered an army and (AM)attacked[k] the Amalekites, and delivered Israel from the hands of those who plundered them.

49 (AN)The sons of Saul were Jonathan, [l]Jishui, and Malchishua. And the names of his two daughters were these: the name of the firstborn Merab, and the name of the younger (AO)Michal. 50 The name of Saul’s wife was Ahinoam the daughter of Ahimaaz. And the name of the commander of his army was Abner the son of Ner, Saul’s (AP)uncle. 51 (AQ)Kish was the father of Saul, and Ner the father of Abner was the son of Abiel.

52 Now there was fierce war with the Philistines all the days of Saul. And when Saul saw any strong man or any valiant man, (AR)he took him for himself.

Footnotes

  1. 1 Samuel 14:1 carried
  2. 1 Samuel 14:12 teach
  3. 1 Samuel 14:14 Lit. half the area plowed by a yoke of oxen in a day
  4. 1 Samuel 14:15 terror
  5. 1 Samuel 14:18 So with MT, Tg., Vg.; LXX ephod
  6. 1 Samuel 14:27 Lit. eyes
  7. 1 Samuel 14:31 Lit. struck
  8. 1 Samuel 14:32 plunder
  9. 1 Samuel 14:41 So with MT, Tg.; LXX, Vg. Why do You not answer Your servant today? If the injustice is with me or Jonathan my son, O Lord God of Israel, give proof; and if You say it is with Your people Israel, give holiness.
  10. 1 Samuel 14:47 LXX, Vg. prospered
  11. 1 Samuel 14:48 Lit. struck
  12. 1 Samuel 14:49 Abinadab, 1 Chr. 8:33; 9:39

Jonathan Defeats the Philistines

14 One day Saul’s son Jonathan said to his armorbearer, “Let’s go to the Philistine military post on the other side.” But Jonathan didn’t tell his father ⌞he was going⌟.

Saul was staying on the outskirts of Gibeah under a pomegranate tree at Migron. He had with him about 600 men in addition to Ahijah, the son of Ichabod’s brother Ahitub, who was the son of Phinehas and the grandson of Eli, the Lord’s priest at Shiloh. Ahijah was wearing the priestly ephod.[a]

The troops didn’t know Jonathan had left. There was a cliff on each side of the mountain pass where Jonathan searched for a way to cross over to attack the Philistine military post. The name of one ⌞cliff⌟ was Bozez, and the name of the other was Seneh. One cliff stood like a pillar on the north facing Michmash, the other stood south facing Geba.

Jonathan said to his armorbearer, “Let’s go to the military post of these uncircumcised people. Maybe the Lord will act on our behalf. The Lord can win a victory with a few men as well as with many.”

His armorbearer answered him, “Do whatever you have in mind. Go ahead! I agree with you.”

Jonathan continued, “Listen, we’ll cross over to the Philistines and show ourselves to them. If they say to us, ‘Stay where you are until we come to you,’ then we’ll stay where we are and not go up to them. 10 But if they say to us, ‘Come up here,’ then we’ll go up, because that will be our sign that the Lord has handed them over to us.”

11 So both of them showed themselves to the Philistine troops. The Philistines said, “Look, some Hebrews are coming out of the holes they were hiding in.”

12 “Come up here,” the men of the military post said to Jonathan and his armorbearer. “We have something to show you.”

Jonathan told his armorbearer, “Follow me up ⌞to the military post⌟ because the Lord has handed the troops over to Israel.”

13 Jonathan climbed up ⌞the cliff⌟, and his armorbearer followed him. Jonathan struck down the Philistines. His armorbearer, who was behind him, finished killing them. 14 In their first slaughter Jonathan and his armorbearer killed about twenty men within about a hundred yards. 15 There was panic among the army in the field and all the troops in the military post. The raiding party also trembled ⌞in fear⌟. The earth shook, and there was a panic sent from God.

16 Saul’s watchmen at Gibeah in Benjamin could see the crowd ⌞in the Philistine camp⌟ dispersing in all directions.

17 “Look around,” Saul told the troops who were with him, “and see who has left ⌞our camp⌟.” They looked and found that Jonathan and his armorbearer were not there.

18 Then Saul said to Ahijah, “Bring the priestly ephod,” because Ahijah carried the ephod in front of Israel that day.[b] 19 While Saul was talking to the priest, the confusion in the Philistine camp grew worse and worse. Then Saul said to the priest, “Remove your hand ⌞from the ephod⌟.” 20 Saul and all the troops with him assembled and went into battle. They found Philistine soldiers killing their fellow soldiers in wild confusion. 21 The Hebrews who had been with the Philistines before this and had been stationed in the camp now joined the Israelites who were with Saul and Jonathan. 22 When all the men of Israel who had been hiding in the mountains of Ephraim heard that the Philistines were fleeing, they also pursued the Philistines in battle. 23 So the Lord saved Israel that day.

Saul’s Curse

Now, the battle moved beyond Beth Aven. 24 Israel’s soldiers were driven hard that day. Saul made the troops swear, “Cursed is anyone who eats food before the evening comes and before I’ve gotten revenge on my enemies.” So none of his troops tasted any food. 25 The entire land had honeycombs,[c] and there was honey on the ground. 26 When the troops entered the woods, the honey was flowing. But no one put his hand to his mouth, because the troops were afraid of violating their oath.

27 Jonathan hadn’t heard that his father forced the troops to take an oath. So he stretched out the tip of the staff he had in his hand and dipped it in the honeycomb. When he put it to his mouth, his eyes lit up. 28 Then one of the soldiers told him, “Your father forced the troops to take a solemn oath: ‘Cursed is anyone who eats food today.’ ”

Now, the army was exhausted. 29 Jonathan answered, “My father has brought trouble to the country. See how my eyes lit up when I tasted a little of this honey? 30 If only the troops had eaten some of the enemies’ food, which they found today. We would have killed more Philistines.”

31 That day they struck down the Philistines from Michmash to Aijalon, but the troops were thoroughly exhausted. 32 So the troops seized the Philistines’ belongings. They took sheep, cows, and calves, and butchered them on the ground. The troops ate the meat with blood still in it. 33 Some ⌞soldiers⌟ told Saul, “The troops are sinning against the Lord by eating meat with blood in it.”

Saul replied, “You have been unfaithful. Roll a large rock over to me now.” 34 Then Saul said, “Spread out through the troops, and tell them, ‘Each of you, bring me your ox or your sheep, and butcher it here, and eat. But don’t sin against the Lord by eating meat with blood in it.’ ”

So each of the soldiers brought his ox with him that night and butchered it there.

35 Then Saul built an altar to the Lord; it was the first time he had built an altar to the Lord.

36 Saul said ⌞to his men⌟, “Let’s attack the Philistines tonight and take their possessions until the light of dawn. And let’s not leave any of them ⌞alive⌟.”

“Do whatever you think is best,” they responded.

But the priest said, “Let’s consult God first.”

37 Then Saul asked God, “Should I attack the Philistines? Will you hand them over to Israel?” But he received no answer that day.

38 So Saul ordered all the leaders of the troops, “Come here! Find out what sin was committed today. 39 I solemnly swear, as the Lord and Savior of Israel lives, even if it is my son Jonathan ⌞who did it⌟, he must die.” But not one of the soldiers replied.

40 Saul told all Israel, “You stand on one side, and my son Jonathan and I will stand on the other side.”

“Do whatever you think is best,” the troops responded to Saul.

41 Then Saul said to the Lord, “O God of Israel, why didn’t you answer me today? If this sin is mine or my son Jonathan’s, Lord God of Israel, ⌞let the priest⌟ draw Urim. But if it is in your people Israel,[d] ⌞let him⌟ draw Thummim.” Jonathan and Saul were chosen, and the people were freed ⌞from guilt⌟.

42 “Choose between me and my son Jonathan,” Saul said. Then Jonathan was chosen.

43 “Tell me,” Saul asked Jonathan. “What did you do?”

So Jonathan told him, “I tasted a little honey on the tip of the staff I had in my hand. And for that I am to die?”

44 Saul said, “May God do worse things to me than are in this curse if you do not die, Jonathan!”

45 The troops asked Saul, “Should Jonathan die after he has won this great victory in Israel? That would be unthinkable! We solemnly swear, as the Lord lives, not a single hair of his head will fall to the ground, because he has done this with God’s help today.” So the troops rescued Jonathan from death. 46 Then Saul stopped pursuing the Philistines. So the Philistines returned to their own land.

Summary of Saul’s Reign

47 When Saul had taken over the kingdom of Israel, he fought against his enemies on every side—against Moab, the Ammonites, Edom, the kings of Zobah, and the Philistines. Wherever he turned, he was victorious. 48 He acted forcefully and defeated Amalek. He rescued Israel from the enemies who looted their possessions.

49 Saul’s sons were Jonathan, Ishvi, and Malchishua. The names of his two daughters were Merab (the firstborn daughter) and Michal (the younger daughter). 50 The name of Saul’s wife was Ahinoam, the daughter of Ahimaaz. The name of the commander of his army was Abner, the son of Saul’s uncle Ner. 51 Kish (Saul’s father) and Ner (Abner’s father) were the sons of Abiel.

52 There was intense warfare with the Philistines as long as Saul lived. Whenever any warrior or any skilled fighting man came to Saul’s attention, Saul would enlist him in the army.

Footnotes

  1. 14:3 Ephod   is a technical term for a part of the priest’s clothes. Its exact usage and shape are unknown.
  2. 14:18 Greek; Masoretic Text problematic: “Bring the ark of God because the ark of God that day and the sons of Israel.”
  3. 14:25 Or “The entire land came into the woods.”
  4. 14:41 Why didn’t you … your people Israel” Greek, Latin; Masoretic Text omits these words.