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Now there was a certain man of Ramathaim Zophim, of the hill country of Ephraim, and his name was Elkanah, the son of Jeroham, the son of Elihu, the son of Tohu, the son of Zuph, an Ephraimite. He had two wives. The name of one was Hannah, and the name of the other Peninnah. Peninnah had children, but Hannah had no children. This man went up out of his city from year to year to worship and to sacrifice to Yahweh[a] of Armies in Shiloh. The two sons of Eli, Hophni and Phinehas, priests to Yahweh, were there. When the day came that Elkanah sacrificed, he gave portions to Peninnah his wife and to all her sons and her daughters; but he gave a double portion to Hannah, for he loved Hannah, but Yahweh had shut up her womb. Her rival provoked her severely, to irritate her, because Yahweh had shut up her womb. So year by year, when she went up to Yahweh’s house, her rival provoked her. Therefore she wept, and didn’t eat. Elkanah her husband said to her, “Hannah, why do you weep? Why don’t you eat? Why is your heart grieved? Am I not better to you than ten sons?”

So Hannah rose up after they had finished eating and drinking in Shiloh. Now Eli the priest was sitting on his seat by the doorpost of Yahweh’s temple. 10 She was in bitterness of soul, and prayed to Yahweh, weeping bitterly. 11 She vowed a vow, and said, “Yahweh of Armies, if you will indeed look at the affliction of your servant and remember me, and not forget your servant, but will give to your servant a boy, then I will give him to Yahweh all the days of his life, and no razor shall come on his head.”

12 As she continued praying before Yahweh, Eli saw her mouth. 13 Now Hannah spoke in her heart. Only her lips moved, but her voice was not heard. Therefore Eli thought she was drunk. 14 Eli said to her, “How long will you be drunk? Get rid of your wine!”

15 Hannah answered, “No, my lord, I am a woman of a sorrowful spirit. I have not been drinking wine or strong drink, but I poured out my soul before Yahweh. 16 Don’t consider your servant a wicked woman; for I have been speaking out of the abundance of my complaint and my provocation.”

17 Then Eli answered, “Go in peace; and may the God[b] of Israel grant your petition that you have asked of him.”

18 She said, “Let your servant find favor in your sight.” So the woman went her way and ate; and her facial expression wasn’t sad any more.

19 They rose up in the morning early and worshiped Yahweh, then returned and came to their house to Ramah. Then Elkanah knew Hannah his wife; and Yahweh remembered her.

20 When the time had come, Hannah conceived, and bore a son; and she named him Samuel,[c] saying, “Because I have asked him of Yahweh.”

21 The man Elkanah, and all his house, went up to offer to Yahweh the yearly sacrifice and his vow. 22 But Hannah didn’t go up, for she said to her husband, “Not until the child is weaned; then I will bring him, that he may appear before Yahweh, and stay there forever.”

23 Elkanah her husband said to her, “Do what seems good to you. Wait until you have weaned him; only may Yahweh establish his word.”

So the woman waited and nursed her son until she weaned him. 24 When she had weaned him, she took him up with her, with three bulls, and one ephah[d] of meal, and a container of wine, and brought him to Yahweh’s house in Shiloh. The child was young. 25 They killed the bull, and brought the child to Eli. 26 She said, “Oh, my lord, as your soul lives, my lord, I am the woman who stood by you here, praying to Yahweh. 27 I prayed for this child, and Yahweh has given me my petition which I asked of him. 28 Therefore I have also given him to Yahweh. As long as he lives he is given to Yahweh.” He worshiped Yahweh there.

Footnotes

  1. 1:3 “Yahweh” is God’s proper Name, sometimes rendered “LORD” (all caps) in other translations.
  2. 1:17 The Hebrew word rendered “God” is “אֱלֹהִ֑ים” (Elohim).
  3. 1:20 Samuel sounds like the Hebrew for “heard by God.”
  4. 1:24 1 ephah is about 22 liters or about 2/3 of a bushel

Now there was a certain man of Ramathaimzophim, of mount Ephraim, and his name was Elkanah, the son of Jeroham, the son of Elihu, the son of Tohu, the son of Zuph, an Ephrathite:

And he had two wives; the name of the one was Hannah, and the name of the other Peninnah: and Peninnah had children, but Hannah had no children.

And this man went up out of his city yearly to worship and to sacrifice unto the Lord of hosts in Shiloh. And the two sons of Eli, Hophni and Phinehas, the priests of the Lord, were there.

And when the time was that Elkanah offered, he gave to Peninnah his wife, and to all her sons and her daughters, portions:

But unto Hannah he gave a worthy portion; for he loved Hannah: but the Lord had shut up her womb.

And her adversary also provoked her sore, for to make her fret, because the Lord had shut up her womb.

And as he did so year by year, when she went up to the house of the Lord, so she provoked her; therefore she wept, and did not eat.

Then said Elkanah her husband to her, Hannah, why weepest thou? and why eatest thou not? and why is thy heart grieved? am not I better to thee than ten sons?

So Hannah rose up after they had eaten in Shiloh, and after they had drunk. Now Eli the priest sat upon a seat by a post of the temple of the Lord.

10 And she was in bitterness of soul, and prayed unto the Lord, and wept sore.

11 And she vowed a vow, and said, O Lord of hosts, if thou wilt indeed look on the affliction of thine handmaid, and remember me, and not forget thine handmaid, but wilt give unto thine handmaid a man child, then I will give him unto the Lord all the days of his life, and there shall no razor come upon his head.

12 And it came to pass, as she continued praying before the Lord, that Eli marked her mouth.

13 Now Hannah, she spake in her heart; only her lips moved, but her voice was not heard: therefore Eli thought she had been drunken.

14 And Eli said unto her, How long wilt thou be drunken? put away thy wine from thee.

15 And Hannah answered and said, No, my lord, I am a woman of a sorrowful spirit: I have drunk neither wine nor strong drink, but have poured out my soul before the Lord.

16 Count not thine handmaid for a daughter of Belial: for out of the abundance of my complaint and grief have I spoken hitherto.

17 Then Eli answered and said, Go in peace: and the God of Israel grant thee thy petition that thou hast asked of him.

18 And she said, Let thine handmaid find grace in thy sight. So the woman went her way, and did eat, and her countenance was no more sad.

19 And they rose up in the morning early, and worshipped before the Lord, and returned, and came to their house to Ramah: and Elkanah knew Hannah his wife; and the Lord remembered her.

20 Wherefore it came to pass, when the time was come about after Hannah had conceived, that she bare a son, and called his name Samuel, saying, Because I have asked him of the Lord.

21 And the man Elkanah, and all his house, went up to offer unto the Lord the yearly sacrifice, and his vow.

22 But Hannah went not up; for she said unto her husband, I will not go up until the child be weaned, and then I will bring him, that he may appear before the Lord, and there abide for ever.

23 And Elkanah her husband said unto her, Do what seemeth thee good; tarry until thou have weaned him; only the Lord establish his word. So the woman abode, and gave her son suck until she weaned him.

24 And when she had weaned him, she took him up with her, with three bullocks, and one ephah of flour, and a bottle of wine, and brought him unto the house of the Lord in Shiloh: and the child was young.

25 And they slew a bullock, and brought the child to Eli.

26 And she said, Oh my lord, as thy soul liveth, my lord, I am the woman that stood by thee here, praying unto the Lord.

27 For this child I prayed; and the Lord hath given me my petition which I asked of him:

28 Therefore also I have lent him to the Lord; as long as he liveth he shall be lent to the Lord. And he worshipped the Lord there.

I. SAMUELE

1. L'INFANZIA DI SAMUELE

Il pellegrinaggio a Silo

C'era un uomo di Ramatàim, uno Zufita delle montagne di Efraim, chiamato Elkana, figlio di Ierocàm, figlio di Eliàu, figlio di Tòcu, figlio di Zuf, l'Efraimita. Aveva due mogli, l'una chiamata Anna, l'altra Peninna. Peninna aveva figli mentre Anna non ne aveva.

Quest'uomo andava ogni anno dalla sua città per prostrarsi e sacrificare al Signore degli eserciti in Silo, dove stavano i due figli di Eli Cofni e Pìncas, sacerdoti del Signore.

Un giorno Elkana offrì il sacrificio. Ora egli aveva l'abitudine di dare alla moglie Peninna e a tutti i figli e le figlie di lei le loro parti. Ad Anna invece dava una parte sola; ma egli amava Anna, sebbene il Signore ne avesse reso sterile il grembo. La sua rivale per giunta l'affliggeva con durezza a causa della sua umiliazione, perché il Signore aveva reso sterile il suo grembo. Così succedeva ogni anno: tutte le volte che salivano alla casa del Signore, quella la mortificava.

Anna dunque si mise a piangere e non voleva prendere cibo. Elkana suo marito le disse: «Anna, perché piangi? Perché non mangi? Perché è triste il tuo cuore? Non sono forse io per te meglio di dieci figli?».

La preghiera di Anna

Anna, dopo aver mangiato in Silo e bevuto, si alzò e andò a presentarsi al Signore. In quel momento il sacerdote Eli stava sul sedile davanti a uno stipite del tempio del Signore. 10 Essa era afflitta e innalzò la preghiera al Signore, piangendo amaramente. 11 Poi fece questo voto: «Signore degli eserciti, se vorrai considerare la miseria della tua schiava e ricordarti di me, se non dimenticherai la tua schiava e darai alla tua schiava un figlio maschio, io lo offrirò al Signore per tutti i giorni della sua vita e il rasoio non passerà sul suo capo».

12 Mentre essa prolungava la preghiera davanti al Signore, Eli stava osservando la sua bocca. 13 Anna pregava in cuor suo e si muovevano soltanto le labbra, ma la voce non si udiva; perciò Eli la ritenne ubriaca. 14 Le disse Eli: «Fino a quando rimarrai ubriaca? Lìberati dal vino che hai bevuto!». 15 Anna rispose: «No, mio signore, io sono una donna affranta e non ho bevuto né vino né altra bevanda inebriante, ma sto solo sfogandomi davanti al Signore. 16 Non considerare la tua serva una donna iniqua, poiché finora mi ha fatto parlare l'eccesso del mio dolore e della mia amarezza». 17 Allora Eli le rispose: «Và in pace e il Dio d'Israele ascolti la domanda che gli hai fatto». 18 Essa replicò: «Possa la tua serva trovare grazia ai tuoi occhi». Poi la donna se ne andò per la sua via e il suo volto non fu più come prima.

Nascita e consacrazione di Samuele

19 Il mattino dopo si alzarono e dopo essersi prostrati davanti al Signore tornarono a casa in Rama. Elkana si unì a sua moglie e il Signore si ricordò di lei. 20 Così al finir dell'anno Anna concepì e partorì un figlio e lo chiamò Samuele. «Perché - diceva - dal Signore l'ho impetrato». 21 Quando poi Elkana andò con tutta la famiglia a offrire il sacrificio di ogni anno al Signore e a soddisfare il voto, 22 Anna non andò, perché diceva al marito: «Non verrò, finché il bambino non sia divezzato e io possa condurlo a vedere il volto del Signore; poi resterà là per sempre». 23 Le rispose Elkana suo marito: «Fà pure quanto ti sembra meglio; rimani finché tu l'abbia divezzato; soltanto adempia il Signore la tua parola». La donna rimase e allattò il figlio, finché l'ebbe divezzato. 24 Dopo averlo divezzato, andò con lui, portando un giovenco di tre anni, un'efa di farina e un otre di vino e venne alla casa del Signore a Silo e il fanciullo era con loro. 25 Immolato il giovenco, presentarono il fanciullo a Eli 26 e Anna disse: «Ti prego, mio signore. Per la tua vita, signor mio, io sono quella donna che era stata qui presso di te a pregare il Signore. 27 Per questo fanciullo ho pregato e il Signore mi ha concesso la grazia che gli ho chiesto. 28 Perciò anch'io lo dò in cambio al Signore: per tutti i giorni della sua vita egli è ceduto al Signore». E si prostrarono là davanti al Signore.

Nacimiento de Samuel

En la región montañosa de Efraín había un hombre zufita de Ramatayin.[a] Su nombre era Elcaná, hijo de Jeroán, hijo de Eliú, hijo de Tohu, hijo de Zuf, efraimita. Elcaná tenía dos esposas. Una de ellas se llamaba Ana y la otra, Penina. Esta tenía hijos, pero Ana no tenía ninguno.

Cada año Elcaná salía de su pueblo para adorar al Señor de los Ejércitos y ofrecerle sacrificios en Siló, donde Ofni y Finés, los dos hijos de Elí, oficiaban como sacerdotes del Señor. Cuando llegaba el día de ofrecer su sacrificio, Elcaná solía dar a Penina y a todos sus hijos e hijas la porción que les correspondía. Pero a Ana le daba una porción especial,[b] pues la amaba a pesar de que el Señor la había hecho estéril. Penina, su rival, solía atormentarla para que se enojara, ya que el Señor la había hecho estéril. Cada año, cuando iban a la casa del Señor, sucedía lo mismo: Penina la atormentaba, hasta que Ana se ponía a llorar y ni comer quería. Entonces Elcaná, su esposo, decía: «Ana, ¿por qué lloras? ¿Por qué no comes? ¿Por qué estás afligida? ¿Acaso no soy para ti mejor que diez hijos?».

Estando en Siló, Ana se levantó después de haber comido y bebido. Y a la vista del sacerdote Elí, que estaba sentado en su silla junto a la puerta del santuario del Señor, 10 comenzó a orar al Señor con gran angustia y a llorar desconsoladamente. 11 Entonces hizo esta promesa: «Señor de los Ejércitos, si te dignas mirar la desdicha de esta sierva tuya, y si en vez de olvidarme te acuerdas de mí y me concedes un hijo varón, yo te lo entregaré para toda su vida y nunca se le cortará el cabello».

12 Como Ana estuvo orando largo rato ante el Señor, Elí se fijó en su boca. 13 Sus labios se movían, pero debido a que Ana oraba en voz baja, no se podía oír su voz. Elí pensó que estaba borracha, 14 así que dijo:

—¿Hasta cuándo te va a durar la borrachera? ¡Deja ya el vino!

15 —No, mi señor; no he bebido vino ni cerveza. Soy solo una mujer angustiada que ha venido a desahogarse delante del Señor. 16 No me tome usted por una mala mujer. He pasado este tiempo orando debido a mi angustia y aflicción.

17 —Vete en paz —respondió Elí—. Que el Dios de Israel te conceda lo que has pedido.

18 —Gracias. Ojalá favorezca usted siempre a esta sierva suya.

Con esto, Ana se despidió y se fue a comer. Desde ese momento, su semblante cambió.

19 Al día siguiente madrugaron y, después de adorar al Señor, volvieron a su casa en Ramá. Luego Elcaná se unió a su esposa Ana, y el Señor se acordó de ella. 20 Ana concibió y a su debido tiempo dio a luz un hijo, al que le puso por nombre Samuel,[c] pues dijo: «Al Señor se lo pedí».

Ana dedica a Samuel

21 Cuando Elcaná volvió a salir con toda su familia para cumplir su promesa y ofrecer su sacrificio anual al Señor, 22 Ana no lo acompañó.

—No iré hasta que el niño sea destetado —explicó a su esposo—. Entonces lo llevaré para dedicarlo al Señor y allí se quedará el resto de su vida.

23 —Bien, haz lo que te parezca mejor —respondió su esposo Elcaná—. Quédate hasta que lo destetes, con tal de que el Señor cumpla su palabra.

Así pues, Ana se quedó en su casa y crio a su hijo hasta que lo destetó.

24 Cuando dejó de amamantarlo, salió con el niño, a pesar de ser tan pequeño, y lo llevó a la casa del Señor en Siló. También llevó un novillo de tres años,[d] un efa[e] de harina y un odre de vino. 25 Luego sacrificaron el novillo y presentaron el niño a Elí. 26 Dijo Ana: «Mi señor, tan cierto como que usted vive, le aseguro que yo soy la mujer que estuvo aquí a su lado orando al Señor. 27 Este es el niño que yo pedí al Señor, y él me lo concedió. 28 Ahora yo, por mi parte, se lo entrego al Señor. Mientras el niño viva, estará dedicado a él». Entonces Elí[f] se postró allí ante el Señor.

Footnotes

  1. 1:1 zufita de Ramatayin. Lit. de Ramatayin Zofín.
  2. 1:5 especial. Alt. doble.
  3. 1:20 En hebreo, el nombre Samuel suena como la expresión que significa Dios oyó.
  4. 1:24 un novillo de tres años (Qumrán, LXX, Siríaca); tres novillos (TM).
  5. 1:24 Es decir, aprox. 16 kg.
  6. 1:28 Elí. Lit. él.