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记所罗门诸臣之名

所罗门以色列众人的王。 他的臣子记在下面:撒督的儿子亚撒利雅做祭司, 示沙的两个儿子以利何烈亚希亚做书记,亚希律的儿子约沙法做史官, 耶何耶大的儿子比拿雅做元帅,撒督亚比亚他做祭司长, 拿单的儿子亚撒利雅做众吏长,王的朋友拿单的儿子撒布得做领袖, 亚希煞做家宰,亚比大的儿子亚多尼兰掌管服苦的人。

所罗门以色列全地立了十二个官吏,使他们供给王和王家的食物,每年各人供给一月。 他们的名字记在下面:在以法莲山地有便户珥 玛迦斯沙宾伯示麦以伦伯哈南便底甲 10 亚鲁泊便希悉,他管理梭哥希弗全地; 11 多珥山冈[a]便亚比拿达,他娶了所罗门的女儿她法为妻; 12 他纳米吉多,并靠近撒拉他拿耶斯列下边的伯善全地,从伯善亚伯米何拉直到约念之外,有亚希律的儿子巴拿 13 基列拉末便基别,他管理在基列玛拿西子孙睚珥的城邑,巴珊亚珥歌伯地的大城六十座,都有城墙和铜闩; 14 玛哈念易多的儿子亚希拿达 15 拿弗他利亚希玛斯,他也娶了所罗门的一个女儿巴实抹为妻; 16 亚设亚禄户筛的儿子巴拿 17 以萨迦帕路亚的儿子约沙法 18 便雅悯以拉的儿子示每 19 基列地,就是从前属亚摩利西宏巴珊之地,有乌利的儿子基别一人管理。

所罗门之富强

20 犹大人和以色列人如同海边的沙那样多,都吃喝快乐。 21 所罗门统管诸国,从大河到非利士地,直到埃及的边界。所罗门在世的日子,这些国都进贡服奉他。 22 所罗门每日所用的食物,细面三十歌珥,粗面六十歌珥, 23 肥牛十只,草场的牛二十只,羊一百只,还有鹿、羚羊、狍子并肥禽。 24 所罗门管理大河西边的诸王,以及从提弗萨直到加沙的全地,四境尽都平安。 25 所罗门在世的日子,从别是巴犹大人和以色列人,都在自己的葡萄树下和无花果树下安然居住。 26 所罗门有套车的马四万,还有马兵一万二千。 27 那十二个官吏各按各月供给所罗门王,并一切与他同席之人的食物,一无所缺。 28 众人各按各分,将养马与快马的大麦和干草送到官吏那里。

所罗门之智能

29 神赐给所罗门极大的智慧、聪明和广大的心,如同海沙不可测量。 30 所罗门的智慧超过东方人和埃及人的一切智慧。 31 他的智慧胜过万人,胜过以斯拉以探玛曷的儿子希幔甲各达大的智慧。他的名声传扬在四围的列国。 32 他作箴言三千句,诗歌一千零五首。 33 他讲论草木,自黎巴嫩的香柏树直到墙上长的牛膝草,又讲论飞禽走兽、昆虫水族。 34 天下列王听见所罗门的智慧,就都差人来听他的智慧话。

Footnotes

  1. 列王纪上 4:11 或作:全境。

King Solomon’s Administration

So King Solomon ruled over all Israel. These were his officials:

Azariah son[a] of Zadok was the priest.
Elihoreph and Ahijah, the sons of Shisha, were the secretaries.
Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was the record keeper.[b]
Benaiah son of Jehoiada was over the army.
Zadok and Abiathar were priests.
Azariah son of Nathan was supervisor over the governors.
Zabud son of Nathan, a priest, was the king’s personal advisor.[c]
Ahishar was the palace administrator,
and Adoniram son of Abda was in charge of forced labor.

Solomon had twelve governors, who were over all Israel. They supplied provisions for the king and for his palace. Each of them was assigned one month of the year during which he was responsible for supplying provisions. These were their names:

Ben Hur[d] in the hill country of Ephraim,
Ben Deker in Makaz and in Sha’albim, Beth Shemesh, and
Elon Beth Hanan,
10 Ben Hesed in Arubboth (Sokoh and all the land of Hepher were his),
11 Ben Abinadad in all the heights of Dor[e] (Taphath daughter of
Solomon was his wife),
12 Ba’ana son of Ahilud in Ta’anach and Megiddo, and in all Beth
Shan, which is beside Zarethan, below Jezre’el, from Beth Shan to
Abel Meholah, up to the other side of Jokmeam,
13 Ben Geber in Ramoth Gilead (the villages of Jair son of Manasseh
in Gilead belonged to him, and the region of Argob in Bashan
belonged to him, sixty great cities with walls and bronze bars),
14 Ahinadab son of Iddo in Mahanaim,
15 Ahima’az in Naphtali (he was married to Solomon’s
daughter Basemath),
16 Ba’ana son of Hushai in Asher and in Be’aloth,
17 Jehoshaphat son of Paruah in Issachar,
18 Shimei son of Ela in Benjamin,
19 Geber son of Uri in the land of Gilead (this included the land of both
Sihon king of the Amorites and Og king of Bashan, but there was
only one governor for that land).

The Glory of Solomon’s Rule

20 Judah and Israel were as numerous as the sand by the sea. They were eating, drinking, and rejoicing. 21 Solomon was ruling all the kingdoms from the River[f] to the land of the Philistines, up to the border of Egypt. They sent tribute and workers to Solomon all the days of his life.[g] 22 Solomon’s provisions for one day were one hundred eighty bushels[h] of fine flour and three hundred sixty bushels[i] of plain flour, 23 ten stall-fed cattle, twenty pasture-fed cattle, and one hundred sheep, not to mention deer, gazelle, roebucks, and fattened poultry.

24 Since Solomon was ruling over everything west of the River, from Tiphsah to Gaza, over all the kingdoms west of the River, he had peace on all sides. 25 Judah and Israel lived in safety, with every man sitting under his own vine and fig tree, from Dan to Beersheba, throughout Solomon’s days. 26 Solomon had four thousand[j] teams[k] of horses for his chariots and twelve thousand charioteers.

27 His governors supplied provisions for King Solomon and for all those who gathered at King Solomon’s table. Each governor was responsible for one month, so the court lacked nothing. 28 They brought the barley and straw for the horses and steeds[l] to the location assigned to each one of them.

29 God gave Solomon wisdom and very great understanding and breadth of knowledge[m] like the sand on the seashore. 30 Solomon’s wisdom was greater than all the wisdom of the men of the East and greater than all the wisdom of Egypt. 31 He was wiser than any man, wiser than Ethan the Ezrahite, wiser than Heman, Kalkol, or Darda, the sons of Mahol. His name was known in all the surrounding nations. 32 He spoke three thousand proverbs, and his songs numbered one thousand and five. 33 He spoke about trees, from the cedars of Lebanon to the hyssop that grows out of the wall. He also spoke about animals, birds, reptiles and other crawling things, and fish. 34 From all the peoples and from all the kings of the earth who heard about Solomon’s wisdom, people came to listen to his wisdom.

Footnotes

  1. 1 Kings 4:2 Or grandson. See 1 Chronicles 6:8-9.
  2. 1 Kings 4:3 The record keeper served as a spokesman and chief of protocol. Like the secretary, he was a cabinet-level official.
  3. 1 Kings 4:5 Literally the friend of the king
  4. 1 Kings 4:8 Names beginning with ben (son of) are usually not personal names, but patronymics (family names like the English Johnson). The presence of so many names beginning with ben in this list is unusual and has led some commentators to conclude that some personal names are missing.
  5. 1 Kings 4:11 Or Naphoth Dor
  6. 1 Kings 4:21 That is, the Euphrates
  7. 1 Kings 4:21 The chapter division is different in the Hebrew text. English 4:21-34 equals Hebrew 5:1-14. English 5:1-18 equals Hebrew 5:15-32.
  8. 1 Kings 4:22 Literally thirty cors. The sizes of the cor and other ancient measures of volume are uncertain. Thirty cors may be about five tons.
  9. 1 Kings 4:22 Literally sixty cors
  10. 1 Kings 4:26 Four thousand is the reading of some manuscripts of the Greek Old Testament and the parallel passage in 2 Chronicles 9:25. The Hebrew text reads forty thousand. Four thousand chariots correlates well with twelve thousand charioteers, at three riders per chariot.
  11. 1 Kings 4:26 Or stalls
  12. 1 Kings 4:28 The text has the common word for horses followed by a second name for another type of horse. The precise meaning of the second term is uncertain.
  13. 1 Kings 4:29 Literally breadth of heart