Salomo bittet um Weisheit (2. Chronik 1,1‒13)

Salomo heiratete die Tochter des Pharaos und wurde der Schwiegersohn des ägyptischen Königs. Seine junge Frau wohnte in Jerusalem zunächst in dem Stadtteil, den David erobert und aufgebaut hatte. Der neue Palast, den Salomo errichten ließ, war noch im Bau, ebenso der Tempel und die Stadtmauer.

Damals gab es noch keinen Tempel für den Herrn, und so brachten die Israeliten ihre Opfer an verschiedenen Opferstätten auf den Bergen und Hügeln dar. Salomo liebte den Herrn und lebte genau nach den Anweisungen seines Vaters David. Doch auch er opferte an solchen Orten. Er schlachtete Tiere und verbrannte Weihrauch.

Einmal ging er nach Gibeon und brachte tausend Brandopfer dar, denn dort befand sich damals die wichtigste Opferstätte. Über Nacht blieb er in Gibeon. Da erschien ihm der Herr im Traum. »Erbitte von mir, was du willst!«, sagte Gott zu ihm.

Salomo antwortete: »Schon meinem Vater David hast du sehr viel Gutes getan, weil er sein Leben ohne Vorbehalte in Verantwortung vor dir geführt hat und dir von ganzem Herzen treu gewesen ist. Sogar über seinen Tod hinaus hast du ihm deine Güte erwiesen, denn du hast einem seiner Söhne den Thron gegeben. Herr, mein Gott, du selbst hast mich zum Nachfolger meines Vaters David gemacht. Ich aber bin noch jung und unerfahren. Ich weiß nicht, wie ich diese große Aufgabe bewältigen soll. Hier stehe ich mitten in einem Volk, das du, Herr, als dein Volk erwählt hast. Es ist so groß, dass man es weder zählen noch schätzen kann. Darum bitte ich dich: Gib mir ein Herz, das auf dich hört, damit ich dein Volk richtig führen und zwischen Recht und Unrecht unterscheiden kann. Denn wie könnte ich sonst ein so riesiges Volk gerecht regieren?«

10 Es gefiel dem Herrn, dass Salomo gerade eine solche Bitte ausgesprochen hatte. 11 Darum antwortete Gott: »Ich freue mich, dass du dir nicht ein langes Leben gewünscht hast, auch nicht Reichtum oder den Tod deiner Feinde. Du hast mich um Weisheit gebeten, weil du ein guter Richter sein willst. 12 Du sollst bekommen, was du dir wünschst! Ja, ich will dich so weise und einsichtsvoll machen, wie es vor dir noch niemand war und auch nach dir niemand mehr sein wird. 13 Aber ich will dir auch das geben, worum du nicht gebeten hast: Reichtum und Macht. Solange du lebst, soll kein König so groß sein wie du. 14 Wenn du so lebst, wie es mir gefällt, wenn du mir gehorchst und meine Gebote befolgst wie dein Vater David, dann werde ich dir auch ein langes Leben schenken.«

15 Da erwachte Salomo und merkte, dass er geträumt hatte. Am nächsten Morgen ging er nach Jerusalem zurück. Dort trat er vor die Bundeslade des Herrn und brachte Brand- und Friedensopfer dar. Danach lud er seinen ganzen Hofstaat zu einem Festessen ein.

Das weise Urteil Salomos

16 Eines Tages kamen zwei Prostituierte zum König. 17 »Mein Herr«, begann die eine, »wir beide wohnen zusammen im selben Haus. Vor einiger Zeit habe ich in diesem Haus ein Kind bekommen. 18 Nur zwei Tage nach mir bekam auch diese Frau ein Kind. In dieser Zeit waren wir ganz allein im Haus, niemand war bei uns. 19 Eines Nachts legte sie sich versehentlich im Schlaf auf ihren Jungen und erdrückte ihn. 20 Als sie es merkte, stand sie mitten in der Nacht auf und nahm mir meinen Sohn aus den Armen, während ich fest schlief. Mir legte sie den toten Jungen in die Arme und nahm mein Kind zu sich. 21 Als ich morgens aufwachte und meinen Sohn stillen wollte, merkte ich, dass er tot war. Sobald es hell wurde, sah ich ihn mir genauer an. Und was entdeckte ich? Es war gar nicht der Junge, den ich geboren hatte!«

22 »Nein«, unterbrach die andere Frau, »das stimmt nicht! Mein Sohn lebt, und deiner ist tot.« »Falsch«, schrie die erste sie an, »ich sage die Wahrheit: Dein Sohn ist tot, und meiner lebt!« So zankten sie vor dem König.

23 Da sagte Salomo: »Ihr streitet euch also darum, wem das lebende Kind gehört. Beide sagt ihr: ›Der Junge, der lebt, gehört mir, der tote ist deiner.‹« 24 Dann befahl er: »Bringt mir ein Schwert!« Als man die Waffe gebracht hatte, 25 gab Salomo den Befehl: »Teilt das lebendige Kind in zwei gleiche Teile und gebt dann jeder der beiden Frauen eine Hälfte!« 26 Als die wirkliche Mutter des Jungen das hörte, brach es ihr schier das Herz, und sie bat den König: »Bitte, Herr, tötet das Kind nicht, ich flehe Euch an! Lieber soll sie es bekommen!« Die andere aber sagte: »Doch, zerschneidet es nur, es soll weder mir noch dir gehören!«

27 Da befahl der König: »Tötet den Säugling nicht, sondern gebt ihn der Frau, die ihn um jeden Preis am Leben erhalten will, denn sie ist die Mutter!« 28 Bald wusste man in ganz Israel, wie weise König Salomo geurteilt hatte, und alle hatten große Ehrfurcht vor ihm. Denn sie merkten, dass Gott ihn ganz besonders mit Weisheit beschenkt hatte, um gerechte Urteile zu fällen.

Solomon Asks for Wisdom(A)

Solomon made an alliance with Pharaoh king of Egypt and married(B) his daughter.(C) He brought her to the City of David(D) until he finished building his palace(E) and the temple of the Lord, and the wall around Jerusalem. The people, however, were still sacrificing at the high places,(F) because a temple had not yet been built for the Name(G) of the Lord. Solomon showed his love(H) for the Lord by walking(I) according to the instructions(J) given him by his father David, except that he offered sacrifices and burned incense on the high places.(K)

The king went to Gibeon(L) to offer sacrifices, for that was the most important high place, and Solomon offered a thousand burnt offerings on that altar. At Gibeon the Lord appeared(M) to Solomon during the night in a dream,(N) and God said, “Ask(O) for whatever you want me to give you.”

Solomon answered, “You have shown great kindness to your servant, my father David, because he was faithful(P) to you and righteous and upright in heart. You have continued this great kindness to him and have given him a son(Q) to sit on his throne this very day.

“Now, Lord my God, you have made your servant king in place of my father David. But I am only a little child(R) and do not know how to carry out my duties. Your servant is here among the people you have chosen,(S) a great people, too numerous to count or number.(T) So give your servant a discerning(U) heart to govern your people and to distinguish(V) between right and wrong. For who is able(W) to govern this great people of yours?”

10 The Lord was pleased that Solomon had asked for this. 11 So God said to him, “Since you have asked(X) for this and not for long life or wealth for yourself, nor have asked for the death of your enemies but for discernment(Y) in administering justice, 12 I will do what you have asked.(Z) I will give you a wise(AA) and discerning heart, so that there will never have been anyone like you, nor will there ever be. 13 Moreover, I will give you what you have not(AB) asked for—both wealth and honor(AC)—so that in your lifetime you will have no equal(AD) among kings. 14 And if you walk(AE) in obedience to me and keep my decrees and commands as David your father did, I will give you a long life.”(AF) 15 Then Solomon awoke(AG)—and he realized it had been a dream.(AH)

He returned to Jerusalem, stood before the ark of the Lord’s covenant and sacrificed burnt offerings(AI) and fellowship offerings.(AJ) Then he gave a feast(AK) for all his court.

A Wise Ruling

16 Now two prostitutes came to the king and stood before him. 17 One of them said, “Pardon me, my lord. This woman and I live in the same house, and I had a baby while she was there with me. 18 The third day after my child was born, this woman also had a baby. We were alone; there was no one in the house but the two of us.

19 “During the night this woman’s son died because she lay on him. 20 So she got up in the middle of the night and took my son from my side while I your servant was asleep. She put him by her breast and put her dead son by my breast. 21 The next morning, I got up to nurse my son—and he was dead! But when I looked at him closely in the morning light, I saw that it wasn’t the son I had borne.”

22 The other woman said, “No! The living one is my son; the dead one is yours.”

But the first one insisted, “No! The dead one is yours; the living one is mine.” And so they argued before the king.

23 The king said, “This one says, ‘My son is alive and your son is dead,’ while that one says, ‘No! Your son is dead and mine is alive.’”

24 Then the king said, “Bring me a sword.” So they brought a sword for the king. 25 He then gave an order: “Cut the living child in two and give half to one and half to the other.”

26 The woman whose son was alive was deeply moved(AL) out of love for her son and said to the king, “Please, my lord, give her the living baby! Don’t kill him!”

But the other said, “Neither I nor you shall have him. Cut him in two!”

27 Then the king gave his ruling: “Give the living baby to the first woman. Do not kill him; she is his mother.”

28 When all Israel heard the verdict the king had given, they held the king in awe, because they saw that he had wisdom(AM) from God to administer justice.

Solomon Requests Wisdom(A)

Now (B)Solomon made [a]a treaty with Pharaoh king of Egypt, and married Pharaoh’s daughter; then he brought her (C)to the City of David until he had finished building his (D)own house, and (E)the house of the Lord, and (F)the wall all around Jerusalem. (G)Meanwhile the people sacrificed at the high places, because there was no house built for the name of the Lord until those days. And Solomon (H)loved the Lord, (I)walking in the statutes of his father David, except that he sacrificed and burned incense at the high places.

Now (J)the king went to Gibeon to sacrifice there, (K)for that was the great high place: Solomon offered a thousand burnt offerings on that altar. (L)At Gibeon the Lord appeared to Solomon (M)in a dream by night; and God said, “Ask! What shall I give you?”

(N)And Solomon said: “You have shown great mercy to Your servant David my father, because he (O)walked before You in truth, in righteousness, and in uprightness of heart with You; You have continued this great kindness for him, and You (P)have given him a son to sit on his throne, as it is this day. Now, O Lord my God, You have made Your servant king instead of my father David, but I am a (Q)little child; I do not know how (R)to go out or come in. And Your servant is in the midst of Your people whom You (S)have chosen, a great people, (T)too numerous to be numbered or counted. (U)Therefore give to Your servant an [b]understanding heart (V)to judge Your people, that I may (W)discern between good and evil. For who is able to judge this great people of Yours?”

10 The speech pleased the Lord, that Solomon had asked this thing. 11 Then God said to him: “Because you have asked this thing, and have (X)not asked long life for yourself, nor have asked riches for yourself, nor have asked the life of your enemies, but have asked for yourself understanding to discern justice, 12 (Y)behold, I have done according to your words; (Z)see, I have given you a wise and understanding heart, so that there has not been anyone like you before you, nor shall any like you arise after you. 13 And I have also (AA)given you what you have not asked: both (AB)riches and honor, so that there shall not be anyone like you among the kings all your days. 14 So (AC)if you walk in My ways, to keep My statutes and My commandments, (AD)as your father David walked, then I will (AE)lengthen[c] your days.”

15 Then Solomon (AF)awoke; and indeed it had been a dream. And he came to Jerusalem and stood before the ark of the covenant of the Lord, offered up burnt offerings, offered peace offerings, and (AG)made a feast for all his servants.

Solomon’s Wise Judgment

16 Now two women who were harlots came to the king, and (AH)stood before him. 17 And one woman said, “O my lord, this woman and I dwell in the same house; and I gave birth while she was in the house. 18 Then it happened, the third day after I had given birth, that this woman also gave birth. And we were together; [d]no one was with us in the house, except the two of us in the house. 19 And this woman’s son died in the night, because she lay on him. 20 So she arose in the middle of the night and took my son from my side, while your maidservant slept, and laid him in her bosom, and laid her dead child in my bosom. 21 And when I rose in the morning to nurse my son, there he was, dead. But when I had examined him in the morning, indeed, he was not my son whom I had borne.”

22 Then the other woman said, “No! But the living one is my son, and the dead one is your son.”

And the first woman said, “No! But the dead one is your son, and the living one is my son.”

Thus they spoke before the king.

23 And the king said, “The one says, ‘This is my son, who lives, and your son is the dead one’; and the other says, ‘No! But your son is the dead one, and my son is the living one.’ ” 24 Then the king said, “Bring me a sword.” So they brought a sword before the king. 25 And the king said, “Divide the living child in two, and give half to one, and half to the other.”

26 Then the woman whose son was living spoke to the king, for (AI)she yearned with compassion for her son; and she said, “O my lord, give her the living child, and by no means kill him!”

But the other said, “Let him be neither mine nor yours, but divide him.

27 So the king answered and said, “Give the first woman the living child, and by no means kill him; she is his mother.”

28 And all Israel heard of the judgment which the king had rendered; and they feared the king, for they saw that the (AJ)wisdom of God was in him to administer justice.

Footnotes

  1. 1 Kings 3:1 an alliance
  2. 1 Kings 3:9 Lit. hearing
  3. 1 Kings 3:14 prolong
  4. 1 Kings 3:18 Lit. no stranger