1 Kings 12-16

Holman Christian Standard Bible

The Kingdom Divided

12 Then Rehoboam^(A) went to Shechem,^(B) for all Israel^(C) had gone to Shechem to make him king.^{(D) 2} When Jeroboam son of Nebat heard about it, for he was still in Egypt where he had fled from King Solomon’s presence,^(E) Jeroboam stayed in Egypt.^{[a] 3} They summoned him, and Jeroboam and the whole assembly of Israel came and spoke to Rehoboam: ⁴ “Your father made our yoke difficult.^(F) You, therefore, lighten your father’s harsh service and the heavy yoke he put on us,^(G) and we will serve you.”

⁵ Rehoboam replied, “Go home for three days and then return to me.” So the people left. ⁶ Then King Rehoboam consulted with the elders^(H) who had served his father Solomon when he was alive, asking, “How do you advise me to respond to these people?”

⁷ They replied, “Today if you will be a servant to these people and serve them, and if you respond to them by speaking kind words to them, they will be your servants forever.”^(I)

⁸ But he rejected the advice of the elders who had advised him^(J) and consulted with the young men who had grown up with him and served him. ⁹ He asked them, “What message do you advise that we send back to these people who said to me, ‘Lighten the yoke your father put on us’?”

¹⁰ Then the young men who had grown up with him told him, “This is what you should say to these people who said to you, ‘Your father made our yoke heavy, but you, make it lighter on us!’ This is what you should tell them: ‘My little finger is thicker than my father’s loins! ¹¹ Although my father burdened you with a heavy yoke, I will add to your yoke; my father disciplined you with whips, but I will discipline you with barbed whips.’”^[b](K)

¹² So Jeroboam and all the people came to Rehoboam on the third day, as the king had ordered: “Return to me on the third day.” ¹³ Then the king answered the people harshly. He rejected the advice the elders had given him ¹⁴ and spoke to them according to the young men’s advice: “My father made your yoke heavy, but I will add to your yoke; my father disciplined you with whips, but I will discipline you with barbed whips.”^[c]

¹⁵ The king did not listen to the people, because this turn of events came from the Lord^(L) to carry out His word, which the Lord had spoken through Ahijah the Shilonite to Jeroboam son of Nebat.^{(M) 16} When all Israel saw that the king had not listened to them, the people answered him:

So Israel went to their tents, ¹⁷ but Rehoboam reigned over the Israelites living in the cities of Judah.^(P)

¹⁸ Then King Rehoboam sent Adoram,^[d](Q) who was in charge of forced labor, but all Israel stoned him to death. King Rehoboam managed to get into the chariot and flee to Jerusalem. ¹⁹ Israel is in rebellion against the house of David until today.^(R)

Rehoboam in Jerusalem

²⁰ When all Israel heard that Jeroboam had come back,^(S) they summoned him to the assembly and made him king over all Israel.^(T) No one followed the house of David except the tribe of Judah alone.^{(U) 21} When Rehoboam arrived in Jerusalem,^(V) he mobilized 180,000 choice warriors from the entire house of Judah and the tribe of Benjamin^(W) to fight against the house of Israel to restore the kingdom to Rehoboam son of Solomon. ²² But a revelation from God came to Shemaiah,^(X) the man of God: ²³ “Say to Rehoboam son of Solomon, king of Judah, to the whole house of Judah and Benjamin, and to the rest of the people, ²⁴ ‘This is what the Lord says: You are not to march up and fight against your brothers, the Israelites. Each of you must return home, for I have done this.’”^(Y)

So they listened to what the Lord said and went back as He had told them.

Jeroboam’s Idolatry

²⁵ Jeroboam built Shechem^(Z) in the hill country of Ephraim and lived there. From there he went out and built Penuel.^{(AA) 26} Jeroboam said to himself, “The way things are going now, the kingdom might return to the house of David.^{(AB) 27} If these people regularly go to offer sacrifices in the Lord’s temple in Jerusalem,^(AC) the heart of these people will return to their lord, Rehoboam king of Judah. They will murder me and go back to the king of Judah.” ²⁸ So the king sought advice.

Then he made two golden calves, and he said to the people, “Going to Jerusalem is too difficult for you. Israel, here is your God^[e] who brought you out of the land of Egypt.”^{(AD) 29} He set up one in Bethel,^(AE) and put the other in Dan.^{(AF) 30} This led to sin;^(AG) the people walked in procession before one of the calves all the way to Dan.^[f](AH)

³¹ Jeroboam also built shrines on the high places^(AI) and set up priests from every class of people who were not Levites.^{(AJ) 32} Jeroboam made a festival in the eighth month on the fifteenth day of the month, like the festival in Judah.^(AK) He offered sacrifices on the altar; he made this offering in Bethel to sacrifice to the calves he had set up. He also stationed the priests in Bethel for the high places he had set up.^{(AL) 33} He offered sacrifices on^[g] the altar he had set up in Bethel on the fifteenth day of the eighth month. He chose this month on his own.^(AM) He made a festival for the Israelites, offered sacrifices on the altar, and burned incense.^(AN)

Judgment on Jeroboam

13 A man of God^(AO) came from Judah to Bethel by a revelation from the Lord while Jeroboam was standing beside the altar to burn incense.^{(AP) 2} The man of God cried out against the altar by a revelation from the Lord: “Altar, altar, this is what the Lord says, ‘A son will be born to the house of David, named Josiah, and he will sacrifice on you the priests of the high places who are burning incense on you. Human bones will be burned on you.’”^{(AQ) 3} He gave a sign^(AR) that day. He said, “This is the sign that the Lord has spoken: ‘The altar will now be ripped apart, and the ashes that are on it will be poured out.’”^(AS)

⁴ When the king heard the word that the man of God had cried out against the altar at Bethel, Jeroboam stretched out his hand from the altar and said, “Arrest him!” But the hand he stretched out against him withered, and he could not pull it back to himself. ⁵ The altar was ripped apart, and the ashes poured from the altar, according to the sign that the man of God had given by the word of the Lord.

⁶ Then the king responded to the man of God, “Plead for the favor of the Lord your God and pray for me^(AT) so that my hand may be restored to me.” So the man of God pleaded for the favor of the Lord, and the king’s hand was restored to him and became as it had been at first.

⁷ Then the king declared to the man of God, “Come home with me, refresh yourself, and I’ll give you a reward.”^(AU)

⁸ But the man of God replied, “If you were to give me half your house,^(AV) I still wouldn’t go with you, and I wouldn’t eat bread or drink water in this place, ⁹ for this is what I was commanded by the word of the Lord:^(AW) ‘You must not eat bread or drink water or go back the way you came.’” ¹⁰ So he went another way; he did not go back by the way he had come to Bethel.

The Old Prophet and the Man of God

¹¹ Now a certain old prophet was living in Bethel.^(AX) His son^[h] came and told him all the deeds that the man of God had done that day in Bethel. His sons also told their father the words that he had spoken to the king.^{(AY) 12} Then their father said to them, “Which way did he go?” His sons had seen^[i] the way taken by the man of God who had come from Judah. ¹³ Then he said to his sons, “Saddle the donkey for me.” So they saddled the donkey for him, and he got on it. ¹⁴ He followed the man of God and found him sitting under an oak tree. He asked him, “Are you the man of God who came from Judah?”

“I am,” he said.

¹⁵ Then he said to him, “Come home with me and eat bread.”

¹⁶ But he answered, “I cannot go back with you, eat bread, or drink water with you in this place, ¹⁷ for a message came to me by the word of the Lord: ‘You must not eat bread or drink water there^(AZ) or go back by the way you came.’”

¹⁸ He said to him, “I am also a prophet^(BA) like you. An angel spoke to me by the word of the Lord: ‘Bring him back with you to your house so that he may eat bread and drink water.’” The old prophet deceived him,^{(BB) 19} and the man of God went back with him, ate bread in his house, and drank water.

²⁰ While they were sitting at the table, the word of the Lord came to the prophet who had brought him back, ²¹ and the prophet cried out to the man of God who had come from Judah, “This is what the Lord says: ‘Because you rebelled against the command of the Lord and did not keep the command that the Lord your God commanded you— ²² but you went back and ate bread and drank water in the place that He said to you, “Do not eat bread and do not drink water”—^(BC) your corpse will never reach the grave of your fathers.’”^(BD)

²³ So after he had eaten bread and after he had drunk, the old prophet saddled the donkey for the prophet he had brought back. ²⁴ When he left,^[j] a lion attacked^[k] him along the way and killed him.^(BE) His corpse was thrown on the road, and the donkey was standing beside it; the lion was standing beside the corpse too.

²⁵ There were men passing by who saw the corpse thrown on the road and the lion standing beside it, and they went and spoke about it in the city where the old prophet lived. ²⁶ When the prophet who had brought him back from his way heard about it, he said, “He is the man of God who disobeyed the command of the Lord. The Lord has given him to the lion, and it has mauled and killed him, according to the word of the Lord that He spoke to him.”

²⁷ Then the old prophet instructed his sons, “Saddle the donkey for me.” They saddled it,^{(BF) 28} and he went and found the corpse of the man of God thrown on the road with the donkey and the lion standing beside the corpse. The lion had not eaten the corpse or mauled the donkey. ²⁹ So the prophet lifted the corpse of the man of God and laid it on the donkey and brought it back. The old prophet came into the city to mourn and bury him. ³⁰ Then he laid the corpse in his own grave,^(BG) and they mourned over him: “Oh, my brother!”^(BH)

³¹ After he had buried him, he said to his sons, “When I die, you must bury me in the grave where the man of God is buried; lay my bones beside his bones, ³² for the word that he cried out by a revelation from the Lord against the altar in Bethel^(BI) and against all the shrines of the high places^(BJ) in the cities of Samaria^(BK) is certain to happen.”^(BL)

³³ After all this^(BM) Jeroboam did not repent^(BN) of his evil way but again set up priests for the high places from every class of people.^(BO) He ordained whoever so desired it, and they became priests of the high places.^{(BP) 34} This was the sin that caused the house of Jeroboam to be wiped out and annihilated from the face of the earth.^(BQ)

Disaster on the House of Jeroboam

14 At that time Abijah son of Jeroboam became sick.^{(BR) 2} Jeroboam said to his wife, “Go disguise yourself,^(BS) so they won’t know that you’re Jeroboam’s wife, and go to Shiloh.^(BT) Ahijah the prophet is there; it was he who told about me becoming king over this people.^{(BU) 3} Take with you 10 loaves of bread, some cakes, and a jar of honey,^(BV) and go to him. He will tell you what will happen to the boy.”

⁴ Jeroboam’s wife did that: she went to Shiloh and arrived at Ahijah’s house. Ahijah could not see; his gaze was fixed^[l] due to his age.^{(BW) 5} But the Lord had said to Ahijah, “Jeroboam’s wife is coming soon to ask you about her son, for he is sick. You are to say such and such to her. When she arrives, she will be disguised.”^(BX)

⁶ When Ahijah heard the sound of her feet entering the door, he said, “Come in, wife of Jeroboam! Why are you disguised?^(BY) I have bad news for you. ⁷ Go tell Jeroboam, ‘This is what the Lord God of Israel says: I raised you up from among the people, appointed you ruler over My people Israel, ⁸ tore the kingdom away from the house of David, and gave it to you.^(BZ) But you were not like My servant David, who kept My commands and followed Me with all of his heart, doing only what is right in My eyes. ⁹ You behaved more wickedly than all who were before you.^(CA) In order to provoke Me, you have proceeded to make for yourself other gods and cast images,^(CB) but you have flung Me behind your back.^{(CC) 10} Because of all this, I am about to bring disaster on the house of Jeroboam:

¹² “As for you, get up and go to your house. When your feet enter the city, the boy will die.^{(CF) 13} All Israel will mourn for him and bury him. He alone out of Jeroboam’s house will be put in the family tomb, because out of the house of Jeroboam the Lord God of Israel found something good only in him.^{(CG) 14} The Lord will raise up for Himself a king over Israel, who will eliminate the house of Jeroboam.^(CH) This is the day, yes,^[o] even today! ¹⁵ For the Lord will strike Israel and the people will shake as a reed shakes in water. He will uproot Israel from this good soil that He gave to their ancestors.^(CI) He will scatter them beyond the Euphrates^(CJ) because they made their Asherah poles, provoking the Lord.^{(CK) 16} He will give up Israel because of Jeroboam’s sins that he committed and caused Israel to commit.”^(CL)

¹⁷ Then Jeroboam’s wife got up and left and went to Tirzah.^(CM) As she was crossing the threshold of the house, the boy died. ¹⁸ He was buried, and all Israel mourned for him, according to the word of the Lord He had spoken through His servant Ahijah the prophet.^(CN)

¹⁹ As for the rest of the events of Jeroboam’s reign, how he waged war^(CO) and how he reigned, note that they are written in the Historical Record of Israel’s Kings. ²⁰ The length of Jeroboam’s reign was 22 years. He rested with his fathers, and his son Nadab became king in his place.^(CP)

Judah’s King Rehoboam

²¹ Now Rehoboam, Solomon’s son, reigned in Judah.^(CQ) Rehoboam was 41 years old when he became king; he reigned 17 years in Jerusalem, the city where Yahweh had chosen from all the tribes of Israel to put His name.^(CR) Rehoboam’s mother’s name was Naamah the Ammonite.^(CS)

²² Judah did what was evil in the Lord’s eyes.^(CT) They provoked Him to jealous anger^(CU) more than all that their ancestors had done with the sins they committed. ²³ They also built for themselves high places,^(CV) sacred pillars,^(CW) and Asherah poles on every high hill and under every green tree; ²⁴ there were even male cult prostitutes in the land.^(CX) They imitated all the detestable practices of the nations the Lord had dispossessed before the Israelites.^(CY)

²⁵ In the fifth year of King Rehoboam, Shishak king of Egypt^(CZ) went to war against Jerusalem.^{(DA) 26} He seized the treasuries of the Lord’s temple and the treasuries of the royal palace. He took everything. He took all the gold shields that Solomon had made.^{(DB) 27} King Rehoboam made bronze shields in their place and committed them into the care of the captains of the royal escorts^[p](DC) who guarded the entrance to the king’s palace. ²⁸ Whenever the king entered the Lord’s temple, the royal escorts would carry the shields, then they would take them back to the royal escorts’ armory.^(DD)

²⁹ The rest of the events of Rehoboam’s reign,^(DE) along with all his accomplishments, are written about in the Historical Record of Judah’s Kings. ³⁰ There was war between Rehoboam and Jeroboam throughout their reigns.^{(DF) 31} Rehoboam rested with his fathers and was buried with his fathers in the city of David. His mother’s name was Naamah the Ammonite.^(DG) His son Abijam^[q](DH) became king in his place.

Judah’s King Abijam

15 In the eighteenth year of Israel’s King Jeroboam son of Nebat, Abijam became king over Judah ² and reigned three years in Jerusalem.^(DI) His mother’s name was Maacah^(DJ) daughter^[r] of Abishalom.

³ Abijam walked in all the sins his father before him had committed,^(DK) and he was not completely devoted to the Lord his God as his ancestor David had been.^{(DL) 4} But because of David, the Lord his God gave him a lamp in Jerusalem to raise up his son after him and to establish Jerusalem.^{(DM) 5} For David did what was right in the Lord’s eyes, and he did not turn aside from anything He had commanded him all the days of his life,^(DN) except in the matter of Uriah^(DO) the Hittite.

⁶ There had been war between Rehoboam and Jeroboam all the days of Rehoboam’s life.^{(DP) 7} The rest of the events of Abijam’s reign, along with all his accomplishments, are written in the Historical Record of Judah’s Kings.^(DQ) There was also war between Abijam and Jeroboam.^{(DR) 8} Abijam rested with his fathers and was buried in the city of David.^(DS) His son Asa became king in his place.^(DT)

Judah’s King Asa

⁹ In the twentieth year of Israel’s King Jeroboam,^(DU) Asa became king of Judah ¹⁰ and reigned 41 years in Jerusalem. His grandmother’s^[s] name was Maacah^(DV) daughter^[t] of Abishalom.

¹¹ Asa did what was right in the Lord’s eyes, as his ancestor David had done.^{(DW) 12} He banished the male cult prostitutes^(DX) from the land and removed all of the idols that his fathers had made.^{(DY) 13} He also^(DZ) removed his grandmother^[u] Maacah from being queen mother because she had made an obscene image of Asherah. Asa chopped down her obscene image and burned it^(EA) in the Kidron Valley.^{(EB) 14} The high places were not taken away;^(EC) but Asa’s heart was completely devoted to the Lord his entire life.^{(ED) 15} He brought his father’s consecrated gifts and his own consecrated gifts into the Lord’s temple: silver, gold, and utensils.^(EE)

¹⁶ There was war between Asa and Baasha king of Israel throughout their reigns.^{(EF) 17} Israel’s King Baasha went to war against Judah.^(EG) He built Ramah^(EH) in order to deny anyone access to Judah’s King Asa. ¹⁸ So Asa withdrew all the silver and gold that remained in the treasuries of the Lord’s temple^(EI) and the treasuries of the royal palace and put it into the hands of his servants. Then King Asa sent them to Ben-hadad^(EJ) son of Tabrimmon son of Hezion king of Aram who lived in Damascus,^(EK) saying, ¹⁹ “There is a treaty between me and you, between my father and your father.^(EL) Look, I have sent you a gift of silver and gold. Go and break your treaty with Baasha king of Israel^(EM) so that he will withdraw from me.”

²⁰ Ben-hadad listened to King Asa and sent the commanders of his armies against the cities of Israel. He attacked Ijon,^(EN) Dan,^(EO) Abel-beth-maacah,^(EP) all Chinnereth,^(EQ) and the whole land of Naphtali.^{(ER) 21} When Baasha heard about it, he quit building Ramah and stayed in Tirzah.^{(ES) 22} Then King Asa gave a command to everyone without exception in Judah, and they carried away the stones of Ramah and the timbers Baasha had built it with. Then King Asa built Geba^(ET) of Benjamin and Mizpah^(EU) with them.

²³ The rest of all the events of Asa’s reign,^(EV) along with all his might, all his accomplishments, and the cities he built, are written in the Historical Record of Judah’s Kings.^(EW) But in his old age he developed a disease in his feet.^{(EX) 24} Then Asa rested with his fathers and was buried in the city of his ancestor David.^(EY) His son Jehoshaphat^(EZ) became king in his place.

Israel’s King Nadab

²⁵ Nadab son of Jeroboam^(FA) became king over Israel in the second year of Judah’s King Asa; he reigned over Israel two years. ²⁶ Nadab did what was evil in the Lord’s sight and followed the example of his father and the sin he had caused Israel to commit.^(FB)

²⁷ Then Baasha^(FC) son of Ahijah of the house of Issachar conspired against Nadab, and Baasha struck him down at Gibbethon^(FD) of the Philistines while Nadab and all Israel were besieging Gibbethon. ²⁸ In the third year of Judah’s King Asa,^(FE) Baasha killed Nadab^(FF) and reigned in his place.

²⁹ When Baasha became king, he struck down the entire house of Jeroboam.^(FG) He did not leave Jeroboam any survivors but^[v] destroyed his family according to the word of the Lord He had spoken through His servant Ahijah the Shilonite.^{(FH) 30} This was because Jeroboam had provoked^[w] the Lord God of Israel by the sins he had committed and had caused Israel to commit.^(FI)

³¹ The rest of the events of Nadab’s reign, along with all his accomplishments, are written in the Historical Record of Israel’s Kings.^{(FJ) 32} There was war between Asa and Baasha king of Israel throughout their reigns.^(FK)

Israel’s King Baasha

³³ In the third year of Judah’s King Asa, Baasha son of Ahijah became king over all Israel and reigned in Tirzah^(FL) 24 years. ³⁴ He did what was evil in the Lord’s sight and followed the example of Jeroboam and the sin he had caused Israel to commit.^(FM)

16 Now the word of the Lord came to Jehu^(FN) son of Hanani^(FO) against Baasha: ² “Because I raised you up from the dust^(FP) and made you ruler over My people Israel,^(FQ) but you have walked in the way of Jeroboam and have caused My people Israel to sin,^(FR) provoking Me with their sins, ³ take note: I will sweep away Baasha and his house, and I will make your house like the house of Jeroboam son of Nebat:^(FS)

⁵ The rest of the events of Baasha’s reign, along with all his accomplishments and might, are written in the Historical Record of Israel’s Kings.^{(FU) 6} Baasha rested with his fathers and was buried in Tirzah. His son Elah became king in his place. ⁷ Through the prophet Jehu^(FV) son of Hanani the word of the Lord also came against Baasha and against his house because of all the evil he had done in the Lord’s sight, provoking Him with the work of his hands and being like the house of Jeroboam, and because Baasha had struck down the house of Jeroboam.^(FW)

Israel’s King Elah

⁸ In the twenty-sixth year of Judah’s King Asa, Elah son of Baasha became king over Israel and reigned in Tirzah^(FX) two years.

⁹ His servant Zimri,^(FY) commander of half his chariots, conspired against him while Elah was in Tirzah getting drunk^(FZ) in the house of Arza, who was in charge of the household^(GA) at Tirzah. ¹⁰ In the twenty-seventh year of Judah’s King Asa, Zimri went in, struck Elah down, killing him. Then Zimri became king in his place.^(GB)

¹¹ When he became king, as soon as he was seated on his throne, Zimri struck down the entire house of Baasha. He did not leave a single male,^[x](GC) including his kinsmen and his friends. ¹² So Zimri destroyed the entire house of Baasha, according to the word of the Lord He had spoken against Baasha through Jehu the prophet.^{(GD) 13} This happened because of all the sins of Baasha and those of his son Elah, which they committed and caused Israel to commit, provoking the Lord God of Israel^(GE) with their worthless idols.^(GF)

¹⁴ The rest of the events of Elah’s reign, along with all his accomplishments, are written in the Historical Record of Israel’s Kings.^(GG)

Israel’s King Zimri

¹⁵ In the twenty-seventh year of Judah’s King Asa, Zimri became king for seven days in Tirzah.^(GH) Now the troops were encamped against Gibbethon of the Philistines.^{(GI) 16} When these troops heard that Zimri had not only conspired but had also struck down the king, then all Israel made Omri, the army commander, king over Israel that very day in the camp. ¹⁷ Omri along with all Israel marched up from Gibbethon and besieged Tirzah.^{(GJ) 18} When Zimri saw that the city was captured, he entered the citadel of the royal palace and burned it down over himself. He died ¹⁹ because of the sin he committed by doing what was evil in the Lord’s sight and by following the example of Jeroboam and the sin he caused Israel to commit.^(GK)

²⁰ The rest of the events of Zimri’s reign, along with the conspiracy that he instigated, are written in the Historical Record of Israel’s Kings. ²¹ At that time the people of Israel were divided: half the people followed Tibni son of Ginath, to make him king, and half followed Omri. ²² However, the people who followed Omri proved stronger than those who followed Tibni son of Ginath. So Tibni died and Omri became king.

Israel’s King Omri

²³ In the thirty-first year of Judah’s King Asa, Omri became king over Israel and reigned 12 years. He reigned six years in Tirzah,^{(GL) 24} then he bought the hill of Samaria^(GM) from Shemer for 150 pounds^[y] of silver, and he built up the hill. He named the city he built Samaria^[z] based on the name Shemer, the owner of the hill.

²⁵ Omri did what was evil in the Lord’s sight; he did more evil than all who were before him.^{(GN) 26} He followed the example of Jeroboam son of Nebat and in his sins that he caused Israel to commit, provoking the Lord God of Israel with their worthless idols.^{(GO) 27} The rest of the events of Omri’s reign, along with his accomplishments and the might he exercised, are written in the Historical Record of Israel’s Kings. ²⁸ Omri rested with his fathers and was buried in Samaria. His son Ahab became king in his place.

Israel’s King Ahab

²⁹ Ahab son of Omri became king over Israel in the thirty-eighth year of Judah’s King Asa; Ahab son of Omri reigned over Israel in Samaria 22 years. ³⁰ But Ahab son of Omri did what was evil in the Lord’s sight more than all who were before him.^{(GP) 31} Then, as if following the sin of Jeroboam son of Nebat were a trivial matter, he married Jezebel,^(GQ) the daughter of Ethbaal king of the Sidonians,^(GR) and then proceeded to serve Baal and worship him.^{(GS) 32} He set up an altar for Baal in the temple of Baal^(GT) that he had built in Samaria. ³³ Ahab also made an Asherah pole.^(GU) Ahab did more to provoke the Lord God of Israel than all the kings of Israel who were before him.^(GV)

³⁴ During his reign, Hiel the Bethelite built Jericho. At the cost of Abiram his firstborn, he laid its foundation, and at the cost of Segub his youngest, he set up its gates, according to the word of the Lord He had spoken through Joshua son of Nun.^(GW)