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Rehoboam Forsakes the Elders’ Counsel

12 (A)Then Rehoboam went to Shechem, for all Israel had come to (B)Shechem to make him king. And it happened, (C)when Jeroboam the son of Nebat heard of it, [a]he was living in Egypt (for he was yet in Egypt, where he had fled from the presence of King Solomon). Then they sent and called for him. And Jeroboam and all the assembly of Israel came and spoke to Rehoboam, saying, (D)Your father made our yoke harsh; but you, now, lighten the harsh service of your father and his heavy yoke which he put on us, and we will serve you.” Then he said to them, “(E)Go [b]for three days, then return to me.” So the people went away.

Then King Rehoboam (F)took counsel with the elders who had stood before his father Solomon while he was still alive, saying, “How do you counsel me to respond to this people?” And they spoke to him, saying, “(G)If you will be a servant to this people today, and will serve them and [c]grant them their petition, and speak good words to them, then they will be your servants forever.” But he forsook the counsel of the elders which they had counseled him, and took counsel with the young men who grew up with him and stood before him. So he said to them, “What counsel do you give that we may respond to this people who have spoken to me, saying, ‘Lighten the yoke which your father put on us’?” 10 Then the young men who grew up with him spoke to him, saying, “Thus you shall say to this people who spoke to you, saying, ‘Your father made our yoke heavy, now you make it lighter for us!’ Thus you shall speak to them, ‘My little finger is thicker than my father’s loins! 11 So now, my father loaded you with a heavy yoke, but I will add to your yoke; my father disciplined you with whips, but I will discipline you with scorpions.’”

12 So Jeroboam and all the people came to Rehoboam on the third day as the king had spoken, saying, “(H)Return to me on the third day.” 13 And the king answered the people harshly, and he forsook the counsel of the elders which they had [d]given him, 14 and he spoke to them according to the counsel of the young men, saying, “(I)My father made your yoke heavy, but I will add to your yoke; my father disciplined you with whips, but I will discipline you with scorpions.” 15 So the king did not listen to the people; (J)for it was a turn of events from Yahweh, (K)that He might establish His word, which Yahweh spoke through Ahijah the Shilonite to Jeroboam the son of Nebat.

Israel Rebels Against Judah

16 Then all Israel saw that the king did not listen to them. So the people responded to the king with this word, saying,

“What portion do we have in David?
We have no inheritance in the son of Jesse;
(L)To your tents, O Israel!
Now see to your own house, David!”

So Israel went to their tents. 17 But (M)as for the sons of Israel who lived in the cities of Judah, Rehoboam reigned over them. 18 Then King Rehoboam sent (N)Adoram, who was over the forced labor, and all Israel [e]stoned him and he died. And King Rehoboam made haste to mount his chariot to flee to Jerusalem. 19 (O)So Israel has been in rebellion against the house of David to this day.

20 Now it happened when all Israel heard that Jeroboam had returned, that they sent and called him to the congregation and made him king over all Israel. (P)None but the tribe of Judah followed the house of David.

21 (Q)Then Rehoboam came to Jerusalem and assembled all the house of Judah and the tribe of Benjamin, 180,000 chosen men who could wage war, to fight against the house of Israel to return the kingdom to Rehoboam the son of Solomon. 22 But the word of God came to (R)Shemaiah the man of God, saying, 23 “Speak to Rehoboam the son of Solomon, king of Judah, and to all the house of Judah and Benjamin and to the (S)rest of the people, saying, 24 ‘Thus says Yahweh, “You shall not go up and fight against your brothers, the sons of Israel; return every man to his house, (T)for this thing is from Me.”’” So they listened to the word of Yahweh, and returned to go their way according to the word of Yahweh.

Jeroboam Makes Golden Calves

25 Then (U)Jeroboam built Shechem in the hill country of Ephraim, and lived [f]there. And he went out from there and built (V)Penuel. 26 And Jeroboam said in his heart, “Now the kingdom will return to the house of David. 27 (W)If this people go up to offer sacrifices in the house of Yahweh at Jerusalem, then the heart of this people will return to their lord, even to Rehoboam king of Judah; and they will kill me and return to Rehoboam king of Judah.” 28 So the king took counsel, and (X)made two golden (Y)calves, and he said to them, “It is too much for you to go up to Jerusalem; (Z)behold your gods, O Israel, that brought you up from the land of Egypt.” 29 And he set (AA)one in (AB)Bethel, and one he put in (AC)Dan. 30 Now (AD)this thing became a sin, for the people went to worship before the one as far as Dan. 31 And (AE)he made houses on high places, and (AF)made priests from among [g]all the people who were not of the sons of Levi. 32 And Jeroboam made a feast in the eighth month on the fifteenth day of the month, (AG)like the feast which is in Judah, and he [h]went up to the altar; thus he did in Bethel, to sacrifice to the calves which he had made. And he had (AH)the priests of the high places, which he had made, stand in Bethel. 33 Then he [i]went up to the altar which he had made in Bethel on the fifteenth day in the eighth month, even in the month which he had [j](AI)devised [k]in his own heart; and he made a feast for the sons of Israel and [l]went up to the altar (AJ)to burn [m]incense.

Footnotes

  1. 1 Kings 12:2 Lit Jeroboam
  2. 1 Kings 12:5 Lit yet 3
  3. 1 Kings 12:7 Lit answer them
  4. 1 Kings 12:13 Lit advised
  5. 1 Kings 12:18 Lit stoned with stones
  6. 1 Kings 12:25 Lit in it
  7. 1 Kings 12:31 Or the extremities of
  8. 1 Kings 12:32 Or offered upon
  9. 1 Kings 12:33 Or offered upon
  10. 1 Kings 12:33 Lit made
  11. 1 Kings 12:33 Lit from
  12. 1 Kings 12:33 Or offered upon
  13. 1 Kings 12:33 Or sacrifices

Die Teilung Israels in zwei Reiche: Das Nordreich Israel und das Südreich Juda (Kapitel 12–14)

Israel sagt sich vom Königshaus David los (2. Chronik 10)

12 Rehabeam reiste nach Sichem, denn dort wollte ganz Israel ihn zum König krönen. Jerobeam, der Sohn von Nebat, erfuhr noch in Ägypten davon, wohin er vor König Salomo geflohen war. Er kam sofort zurück,[a] und die Israeliten schickten Abgesandte zu ihm, um ihn nach Sichem zu holen. Dort angekommen, traten sie vor Rehabeam und sagten zu ihm: »Dein Vater war ein strenger Herrscher. Er hat hohe Steuern verlangt und uns zu harter Arbeit gezwungen. Wir erkennen dich nur als König an, wenn du uns nicht so schwere Lasten aufbürdest wie dein Vater!«

Rehabeam antwortete: »Gebt mir drei Tage Bedenkzeit und dann kommt wieder!« Da wurde die Versammlung für drei Tage unterbrochen.

In der Zwischenzeit rief Rehabeam die alten königlichen Berater zu sich, die schon im Dienst seines Vaters gestanden hatten, und fragte sie: »Was ratet ihr mir? Welche Antwort soll ich dem Volk geben?« Sie antworteten: »Sei freundlich zu ihnen und gib ihnen, was sie fordern! Wenn du heute bereit bist, auf dein Volk zu hören und ihm zu dienen, dann wird dein Volk morgen auf dich hören und dir dienen.«

Aber der Ratschlag der alten Männer gefiel Rehabeam nicht. Darum fragte er seine jungen Berater, die mit ihm zusammen aufgewachsen waren und nun in seinem Dienst standen: »Was meint ihr: Was soll ich dem Volk antworten? Sie verlangen von mir, dass ich ihnen nicht so schwere Lasten auferlege wie mein Vater.« 10 Die jungen Männer rieten ihm: »Diese Leute beschweren sich über deinen Vater und wollen, dass du sie sanfter anfasst? Sag ihnen: ›Im Vergleich zu mir war mein Vater ein Weichling! 11 Er hat euch zwar nicht gerade geschont, aber ich werde noch ganz anders durchgreifen! Er ließ euch mit Peitschen antreiben, ich aber werde Peitschen mit Stacheln nehmen!‹«

12 Drei Tage später sprachen Jerobeam und die Abgesandten des Volkes wieder bei Rehabeam vor. 13 Der König gab ihnen eine harte Antwort. Er hörte nicht auf den Rat der Alten, 14 sondern schleuderte dem Volk die Worte an den Kopf, die ihm seine jungen Altersgenossen vorgesagt hatten: »Es stimmt, mein Vater war nicht gerade zimperlich mit euch, aber ich werde noch ganz anders mit euch umspringen! Er ließ euch mit Peitschen antreiben, ich aber werde Peitschen mit Stacheln nehmen!« 15 Der Herr hatte Rehabeam für die Bitten des Volkes taub gemacht. Denn nun sollte sich erfüllen, was Ahija aus Silo Jerobeam, dem Sohn von Nebat, im Auftrag des Herrn vorausgesagt hatte.

16 Als die Israeliten merkten, dass der König nicht auf sie hören wollte, riefen sie ihm zu: »Was geht uns Davids Sippe noch an? Warum geben wir uns noch mit euch ab? Wir wollen nichts mehr mit euch zu tun haben! Los, gehen wir heim!« Und sie zogen fort.

17 Nur die Israeliten aus dem Stammesgebiet von Juda erkannten Rehabeam als König an. 18 Da schickte Rehabeam Adoniram, den Aufseher über die Fronarbeiter, zu den Nordstämmen, um noch einmal mit ihnen zu verhandeln. Doch die aufgebrachte Menge steinigte Adoniram zu Tode. König Rehabeam konnte sich gerade noch in einen Wagen retten und nach Jerusalem fliehen. 19 So sagten sich die Stämme Nordisraels vom Königshaus David los und sind noch heute von ihm getrennt.

20 Als es sich im Nordreich Israel herumgesprochen hatte, dass Jerobeam aus Ägypten zurückgekehrt war, ließ man ihn zur Volksversammlung rufen und krönte ihn dort zum König über das ganze Nordreich Israel. Nur der Stamm Juda hielt zu Rehabeam, dem Nachkommen von David.

Rehabeam soll Israel nicht zurückerobern (2. Chronik 11,1‒4)

21 Als Rehabeam nach Jerusalem zurückkam, rief er sofort die besten Soldaten der Stämme Juda und Benjamin zum Kampf gegen Israel auf. Es waren 180.000 Mann. So wollte Rehabeam, Salomos Sohn, die Herrschaft über ganz Israel zurückgewinnen. 22 Doch da sprach Gott zum Propheten Schemaja: 23 »Bring König Rehabeam von Juda, Salomos Sohn, und allen Bewohnern der Stammesgebiete Juda und Benjamin diese Botschaft: 24 So spricht der Herr: Ihr sollt nicht gegen eure Brüder, die Israeliten, Krieg führen! Geht wieder nach Hause! Alles, was geschehen ist, habe ich selbst so kommen lassen.«

Sie gehorchten dem Befehl des Herrn und kehrten nach Hause zurück.

Reich Israel

König Jerobeam verführt Israel zum Götzendienst

25 Jerobeam ließ die Stadt Sichem im Gebirge Ephraim ausbauen, er machte sie zur Hauptstadt und wohnte dort. Dann zog er weiter nach Pnuël und baute auch diese Stadt aus. 26 Immer mehr aber fürchtete er, Israel könne sich am Ende doch wieder König Rehabeam zuwenden, weil er ein Nachkomme von David war. 27 »Wenn das Volk regelmäßig nach Jerusalem geht«, so dachte er, »und dort im Tempel des Herrn seine Opfer darbringt, dann werden sie auch bald wieder König Rehabeam von Juda als ihren König anerkennen. Ist es aber erst einmal so weit, dann bringen sie mich um.«

28 Darum ließ er zwei goldene Kälber herstellen. Dem Volk erklärte er: »Es ist viel zu umständlich für euch, für jedes Opfer immer nach Jerusalem zu gehen! Seht, ihr Israeliten, hier ist euer Gott, der euch aus Ägypten geführt hat!« 29 Er ließ eine Götzenfigur in Bethel aufstellen, die andere in Dan. 30 Als das eine Kalb nach Dan gebracht wurde, begleiteten die Israeliten es in einer feierlichen Prozession. So brachte Jerobeam das ganze Volk dazu, gegen den Herrn zu sündigen.

31 Aber er ging noch weiter: Er ließ auf vielen Hügeln Opferstätten und Heiligtümer für die Götzen errichten. Dafür ernannte er auch Israeliten zu Priestern, die nicht zum Stamm Levi gehörten. 32 Er bestimmte einen Tag im Herbst, den 15. Tag des 8. Monats, an dem ein ähnliches Fest gefeiert werden sollte wie das Laubhüttenfest in Juda. Er selbst wollte an diesem Tag in Bethel die Stufen zum Altar hinaufsteigen, um den Kälbern, die er hatte anfertigen lassen, Opfer zu bringen. In Bethel weihte er auch die Priester, die er für den Dienst bei den neuen Opferstätten einsetzen wollte.

Ein Prophet mit einer unbequemen Botschaft

33 Am 15. Tag des 8. Monats, dem Tag, den Jerobeam eigenmächtig festgesetzt hatte, feierten die Israeliten das angekündigte Fest in Bethel. Vor allen Festbesuchern stieg Jerobeam die Stufen zum Altar hinauf, um Opfer darzubringen.

Footnotes

  1. 12,2 Wörtlich: Er blieb in Ägypten. – Bei einer anderen Vokalisation des hebräischen Konsonantentextes ergibt sich die jetzige Übersetzung. Vgl. 2. Chronik 10,2.

Israel Rebels Against Rehoboam(A)

12 Rehoboam went to Shechem,(B) for all Israel had gone there to make him king. When Jeroboam son of Nebat heard this (he was still in Egypt, where he had fled(C) from King Solomon), he returned from[a] Egypt. So they sent for Jeroboam, and he and the whole assembly of Israel went to Rehoboam and said to him: “Your father put a heavy yoke(D) on us, but now lighten the harsh labor and the heavy yoke he put on us, and we will serve you.”

Rehoboam answered, “Go away for three days and then come back to me.” So the people went away.

Then King Rehoboam consulted the elders(E) who had served his father Solomon during his lifetime. “How would you advise me to answer these people?” he asked.

They replied, “If today you will be a servant to these people and serve them and give them a favorable answer,(F) they will always be your servants.”

But Rehoboam rejected(G) the advice the elders gave him and consulted the young men who had grown up with him and were serving him. He asked them, “What is your advice? How should we answer these people who say to me, ‘Lighten the yoke your father put on us’?”

10 The young men who had grown up with him replied, “These people have said to you, ‘Your father put a heavy yoke on us, but make our yoke lighter.’ Now tell them, ‘My little finger is thicker than my father’s waist. 11 My father laid on you a heavy yoke; I will make it even heavier. My father scourged you with whips; I will scourge you with scorpions.’”

12 Three days later Jeroboam and all the people returned to Rehoboam, as the king had said, “Come back to me in three days.” 13 The king answered the people harshly. Rejecting the advice given him by the elders, 14 he followed the advice of the young men and said, “My father made your yoke heavy; I will make it even heavier. My father scourged(H) you with whips; I will scourge you with scorpions.” 15 So the king did not listen to the people, for this turn of events was from the Lord,(I) to fulfill the word the Lord had spoken to Jeroboam son of Nebat through Ahijah(J) the Shilonite.

16 When all Israel saw that the king refused to listen to them, they answered the king:

“What share(K) do we have in David,
    what part in Jesse’s son?
To your tents, Israel!(L)
    Look after your own house, David!”

So the Israelites went home.(M) 17 But as for the Israelites who were living in the towns of Judah,(N) Rehoboam still ruled over them.

18 King Rehoboam sent out Adoniram,[b](O) who was in charge of forced labor, but all Israel stoned him to death.(P) King Rehoboam, however, managed to get into his chariot and escape to Jerusalem. 19 So Israel has been in rebellion against the house of David(Q) to this day.

20 When all the Israelites heard that Jeroboam had returned, they sent and called him to the assembly and made him king over all Israel. Only the tribe of Judah remained loyal to the house of David.(R)

21 When Rehoboam arrived in Jerusalem, he mustered all Judah and the tribe of Benjamin—a hundred and eighty thousand able young men—to go to war(S) against Israel and to regain the kingdom for Rehoboam son of Solomon.

22 But this word of God came to Shemaiah(T) the man of God:(U) 23 “Say to Rehoboam son of Solomon king of Judah, to all Judah and Benjamin, and to the rest of the people, 24 ‘This is what the Lord says: Do not go up to fight against your brothers, the Israelites. Go home, every one of you, for this is my doing.’” So they obeyed the word of the Lord and went home again, as the Lord had ordered.

Golden Calves at Bethel and Dan

25 Then Jeroboam fortified Shechem(V) in the hill country of Ephraim and lived there. From there he went out and built up Peniel.[c](W)

26 Jeroboam thought to himself, “The kingdom will now likely revert to the house of David. 27 If these people go up to offer sacrifices at the temple of the Lord in Jerusalem,(X) they will again give their allegiance to their lord, Rehoboam king of Judah. They will kill me and return to King Rehoboam.”

28 After seeking advice, the king made two golden calves.(Y) He said to the people, “It is too much for you to go up to Jerusalem. Here are your gods, Israel, who brought you up out of Egypt.”(Z) 29 One he set up in Bethel,(AA) and the other in Dan.(AB) 30 And this thing became a sin;(AC) the people came to worship the one at Bethel and went as far as Dan to worship the other.[d]

31 Jeroboam built shrines(AD) on high places and appointed priests(AE) from all sorts of people, even though they were not Levites. 32 He instituted a festival on the fifteenth day of the eighth(AF) month, like the festival held in Judah, and offered sacrifices on the altar. This he did in Bethel,(AG) sacrificing to the calves he had made. And at Bethel he also installed priests at the high places he had made. 33 On the fifteenth day of the eighth month, a month of his own choosing, he offered sacrifices on the altar he had built at Bethel.(AH) So he instituted the festival for the Israelites and went up to the altar to make offerings.

Footnotes

  1. 1 Kings 12:2 Or he remained in
  2. 1 Kings 12:18 Some Septuagint manuscripts and Syriac (see also 4:6 and 5:14); Hebrew Adoram
  3. 1 Kings 12:25 Hebrew Penuel, a variant of Peniel
  4. 1 Kings 12:30 Probable reading of the original Hebrew text; Masoretic Text people went to the one as far as Dan

12 And Rehoboam went to Shechem: for all Israel were come to Shechem to make him king.

And it came to pass, when Jeroboam the son of Nebat, who was yet in Egypt, heard of it, (for he was fled from the presence of king Solomon, and Jeroboam dwelt in Egypt;)

That they sent and called him. And Jeroboam and all the congregation of Israel came, and spake unto Rehoboam, saying,

Thy father made our yoke grievous: now therefore make thou the grievous service of thy father, and his heavy yoke which he put upon us, lighter, and we will serve thee.

And he said unto them, Depart yet for three days, then come again to me. And the people departed.

And king Rehoboam consulted with the old men, that stood before Solomon his father while he yet lived, and said, How do ye advise that I may answer this people?

And they spake unto him, saying, If thou wilt be a servant unto this people this day, and wilt serve them, and answer them, and speak good words to them, then they will be thy servants for ever.

But he forsook the counsel of the old men, which they had given him, and consulted with the young men that were grown up with him, and which stood before him:

And he said unto them, What counsel give ye that we may answer this people, who have spoken to me, saying, Make the yoke which thy father did put upon us lighter?

10 And the young men that were grown up with him spake unto him, saying, Thus shalt thou speak unto this people that spake unto thee, saying, Thy father made our yoke heavy, but make thou it lighter unto us; thus shalt thou say unto them, My little finger shall be thicker than my father's loins.

11 And now whereas my father did lade you with a heavy yoke, I will add to your yoke: my father hath chastised you with whips, but I will chastise you with scorpions.

12 So Jeroboam and all the people came to Rehoboam the third day, as the king had appointed, saying, Come to me again the third day.

13 And the king answered the people roughly, and forsook the old men's counsel that they gave him;

14 And spake to them after the counsel of the young men, saying, My father made your yoke heavy, and I will add to your yoke: my father also chastised you with whips, but I will chastise you with scorpions.

15 Wherefore the king hearkened not unto the people; for the cause was from the Lord, that he might perform his saying, which the Lord spake by Ahijah the Shilonite unto Jeroboam the son of Nebat.

16 So when all Israel saw that the king hearkened not unto them, the people answered the king, saying, What portion have we in David? neither have we inheritance in the son of Jesse: to your tents, O Israel: now see to thine own house, David. So Israel departed unto their tents.

17 But as for the children of Israel which dwelt in the cities of Judah, Rehoboam reigned over them.

18 Then king Rehoboam sent Adoram, who was over the tribute; and all Israel stoned him with stones, that he died. Therefore king Rehoboam made speed to get him up to his chariot, to flee to Jerusalem.

19 So Israel rebelled against the house of David unto this day.

20 And it came to pass, when all Israel heard that Jeroboam was come again, that they sent and called him unto the congregation, and made him king over all Israel: there was none that followed the house of David, but the tribe of Judah only.

21 And when Rehoboam was come to Jerusalem, he assembled all the house of Judah, with the tribe of Benjamin, an hundred and fourscore thousand chosen men, which were warriors, to fight against the house of Israel, to bring the kingdom again to Rehoboam the son of Solomon.

22 But the word of God came unto Shemaiah the man of God, saying,

23 Speak unto Rehoboam, the son of Solomon, king of Judah, and unto all the house of Judah and Benjamin, and to the remnant of the people, saying,

24 Thus saith the Lord, Ye shall not go up, nor fight against your brethren the children of Israel: return every man to his house; for this thing is from me. They hearkened therefore to the word of the Lord, and returned to depart, according to the word of the Lord.

25 Then Jeroboam built Shechem in mount Ephraim, and dwelt therein; and went out from thence, and built Penuel.

26 And Jeroboam said in his heart, Now shall the kingdom return to the house of David:

27 If this people go up to do sacrifice in the house of the Lord at Jerusalem, then shall the heart of this people turn again unto their lord, even unto Rehoboam king of Judah, and they shall kill me, and go again to Rehoboam king of Judah.

28 Whereupon the king took counsel, and made two calves of gold, and said unto them, It is too much for you to go up to Jerusalem: behold thy gods, O Israel, which brought thee up out of the land of Egypt.

29 And he set the one in Bethel, and the other put he in Dan.

30 And this thing became a sin: for the people went to worship before the one, even unto Dan.

31 And he made an house of high places, and made priests of the lowest of the people, which were not of the sons of Levi.

32 And Jeroboam ordained a feast in the eighth month, on the fifteenth day of the month, like unto the feast that is in Judah, and he offered upon the altar. So did he in Bethel, sacrificing unto the calves that he had made: and he placed in Bethel the priests of the high places which he had made.

33 So he offered upon the altar which he had made in Bethel the fifteenth day of the eighth month, even in the month which he had devised of his own heart; and ordained a feast unto the children of Israel: and he offered upon the altar, and burnt incense.