Victoria asupra amoniţilor şi arameilor

19 După aceea, Nahaş, regele amoniţilor, a murit, iar în locul lui a domnit fiul său. David a zis: „Voi da dovadă de loialitate faţă de Hanun, fiul lui Nahaş, căci şi tatăl său a dat dovadă de loialitate faţă de mine.“ David a trimis soli ca să-l mângâie sufleteşte pe Hanun pentru moartea tatălui său. Când slujitorii lui David au ajuns în ţara amoniţilor, la Hanun, ca să-l mângâie sufleteşte, căpeteniile amonite i-au zis lui Hanun: „Chiar crezi că David doreşte să-l cinstească pe tatăl tău, trimiţându-ţi aceşti oameni ca să te mângâie sufleteşte? Slujitorii lui au venit la tine mai degrabă ca să cerceteze, să iscodească şi să cucerească ţara.“

Hanun i-a luat pe slujitorii lui David, i-a ras, le-a tăiat hainele pe jumătate, până la brâu, şi le-a dat drumul, astfel că ei au plecat. Când David a fost înştiinţat despre ce li s-a întâmplat bărbaţilor acelora, a trimis să le spună bărbaţilor care au fost atât de mult umiliţi: „Rămâneţi în Ierihon până vă va creşte din nou barba şi apoi să vă întoarceţi!” Văzând că se făcuseră urâţi lui David, Hanun şi amoniţii au trimis o mie de talanţi[a] de argint ca să tocmească care şi călăreţi din Aram-Naharayim[b], din regatul arameu al Maacăi şi din Ţoba. Au tocmit astfel treizeci şi două de mii de care şi pe regele din Maaca cu oştirea lui. Aceştia au venit şi şi-au aşezat tabăra la Medeba, iar amoniţii s-au strâns din cetăţile lor, ca să meargă la război.

Când a auzit David acest lucru, l-a trimis împotriva lor pe Ioab împreună cu toată oştirea, numai războinici viteji. Amoniţii au ieşit din cetate şi şi-au ocupat poziţiile de luptă la intrarea cetăţii, în timp ce regii care au venit să-i ajute s-au aşezat în câmp deschis. 10 Ioab a văzut că avea de luptat şi în faţă şi în spate. Prin urmare, a ales o parte dintre vitejii lui Israel şi i-a mobilizat împotriva arameilor, 11 iar restul oştirii a pus-o sub comanda fratelui său Abişai, mobilizând-o împotriva amoniţilor. 12 Ioab i-a zis lui Abişai: „Dacă arameii mă copleşesc, să-mi vii în ajutor, iar dacă amoniţii te copleşesc, te voi ajuta eu. 13 Fii tare şi îmbărbătează-te pentru poporul nostru şi pentru cetăţile Dumnezeului nostru şi facă-se voia Domnului!“ 14 Când Ioab i-a atacat pe aramei cu oştirea lui, aceştia au fugit dinaintea lor. 15 Amoniţii, văzând că arameii dau bir cu fugiţii, au fugit şi ei dinaintea lui Abişai, fratele lui Ioab, şi s-au retras în cetate. Apoi Ioab s-a întors la Ierusalim.

16 Văzând că au fost învinşi de Israel, arameii au trimis mesageri şi i-au adus pe arameii de dincolo de râu[c], aceştia avându-l în fruntea lor pe Şofac, conducătorul oştirii lui Hadad-Ezer. 17 Când a aflat David acest lucru, i-a adunat pe toţi israeliţii, a trecut Iordanul, le-a ieşit înainte şi a ocupat poziţii de luptă împotriva lor. David a ocupat poziţii de luptă împotriva arameilor şi s-au încleştat în luptă. 18 Arameii au fugit dinaintea lui Israel. David le-a ucis arameilor şapte mii de oameni care conduceau carele şi patruzeci de mii de pedestraşi. L-a mai ucis şi pe Şofac, conducătorul oştirii lor. 19 Văzând că au fost învinşi de Israel, vasalii lui Hadad-Ezer au făcut pace cu David şi i s-au supus. Şi arameii n-au mai îndrăznit să-i ajute pe amoniţi.

Footnotes

  1. 1 Cronici 19:6 Aproximativ 30 t
  2. 1 Cronici 19:6 Sau: Aram al celor două râuri, localizat în NV Mesopotamiei
  3. 1 Cronici 19:16 Eufrat

David Defeats the Ammonites(A)

19 In the course of time, Nahash king of the Ammonites(B) died, and his son succeeded him as king. David thought, “I will show kindness to Hanun son of Nahash, because his father showed kindness to me.” So David sent a delegation to express his sympathy to Hanun concerning his father.

When David’s envoys came to Hanun in the land of the Ammonites to express sympathy to him, the Ammonite commanders said to Hanun, “Do you think David is honoring your father by sending envoys to you to express sympathy? Haven’t his envoys come to you only to explore and spy out(C) the country and overthrow it?” So Hanun seized David’s envoys, shaved them, cut off their garments at the buttocks, and sent them away.

When someone came and told David about the men, he sent messengers to meet them, for they were greatly humiliated. The king said, “Stay at Jericho till your beards have grown, and then come back.”

When the Ammonites realized that they had become obnoxious(D) to David, Hanun and the Ammonites sent a thousand talents[a] of silver to hire chariots and charioteers from Aram Naharaim,[b] Aram Maakah and Zobah.(E) They hired thirty-two thousand chariots and charioteers, as well as the king of Maakah with his troops, who came and camped near Medeba,(F) while the Ammonites were mustered from their towns and moved out for battle.

On hearing this, David sent Joab out with the entire army of fighting men. The Ammonites came out and drew up in battle formation at the entrance to their city, while the kings who had come were by themselves in the open country.

10 Joab saw that there were battle lines in front of him and behind him; so he selected some of the best troops in Israel and deployed them against the Arameans. 11 He put the rest of the men under the command of Abishai(G) his brother, and they were deployed against the Ammonites. 12 Joab said, “If the Arameans are too strong for me, then you are to rescue me; but if the Ammonites are too strong for you, then I will rescue you. 13 Be strong, and let us fight bravely for our people and the cities of our God. The Lord will do what is good in his sight.”

14 Then Joab and the troops with him advanced to fight the Arameans, and they fled before him. 15 When the Ammonites realized that the Arameans were fleeing, they too fled before his brother Abishai and went inside the city. So Joab went back to Jerusalem.

16 After the Arameans saw that they had been routed by Israel, they sent messengers and had Arameans brought from beyond the Euphrates River, with Shophak the commander of Hadadezer’s army leading them.

17 When David was told of this, he gathered all Israel(H) and crossed the Jordan; he advanced against them and formed his battle lines opposite them. David formed his lines to meet the Arameans in battle, and they fought against him. 18 But they fled before Israel, and David killed seven thousand of their charioteers and forty thousand of their foot soldiers. He also killed Shophak the commander of their army.

19 When the vassals of Hadadezer saw that they had been routed by Israel, they made peace with David and became subject to him.

So the Arameans were not willing to help the Ammonites anymore.

Footnotes

  1. 1 Chronicles 19:6 That is, about 38 tons or about 34 metric tons
  2. 1 Chronicles 19:6 That is, Northwest Mesopotamia

Subjugation of Ammon and Aram(A)

19 Some time later, King Nahash of Ammon died and his son succeeded him, so David told himself, “I will be loyal to Nahash’s son Hanun, since his father showed loyal, gracious love to me.” So David sent a delegation[a] to console him about his loss of his[b] father.

But when David’s delegation arrived to visit[c] Hanun in Ammonite territory to console him, the Ammonite officials asked Hanun, “Do you think that because David has sent a delegation of consolers to you that he is honoring your father? His delegation has arrived to search, overthrow, and scout the land, hasn’t it?” So Hanun arrested David’s delegation, shaved off their beards, cut off their clothes at the waist line, and sent them away in disgrace.[d]

After they had departed, David was informed about the men, so he sent word[e] to them, since they had been deeply humiliated. He told them, “Stay at Jericho until your beards have grown back, and then return.”

When the Ammonites realized that they had created quite a stink with David, Hanun and the Ammonites spent 1,000 silver talents[f] to hire chariots and mercenaries from Mesopotamia, from Aram-maacah, and from Zobah. They hired 32,000 chariots, along with the king of Maacah and his army, who arrived and encamped at Medeba. The Ammonites also were mustered and came out to battle from their home cities. In response, David sent out Joab and his entire army of elite soldiers. The Ammonites went out in battle formation in front of the entrance to the city while the kings who had come stayed by themselves in the open fields.

10 When Joab observed that the battle lines were set up to oppose him both in front and behind, he appointed some special forces from Israel and arrayed them to oppose the Arameans, 11 putting the rest of his forces under command of his brother Abishai, who arrayed them to oppose the Ammonites. 12 He told Abishai,[g] “If the Arameans prove too strong for me, then you are to help me. If the Ammonites prove too strong for you, then I will help you. 13 Be strong, be courageous on behalf of our people and for the cities of our God, and may the Lord do what he thinks is best.” 14 So Joab and the soldiers who were with him attacked the Arameans in battle formation, and the Arameans retreated in front of him. 15 When the Ammonites saw the Arameans retreating, they also retreated from Joab’s brother Abishai back to the city and Joab left for Jerusalem. 16 After the Arameans realized that they had been defeated by Israel, they sent for the Arameans who lived beyond the Euphrates River.[h] Shophach[i] was leading them as commander of Hadadezer’s army.

17 When David learned this, he mustered all of Israel, crossed the Jordan, approached the Arameans, and drew up his forces against them. After David had assembled in battle array against the Arameans, the Arameans[j] attacked him. 18 The Arameans retreated from Israel, and David’s forces[k] killed 7,000 Aramean charioteers, 40,000 soldiers, and Shophach, the commander of their army. 19 When Hadadezer’s officials saw that they had been defeated by Israel, they sought terms of peace with David and became subservient to him. After this, the Arameans were unwilling to help the Ammonites anymore.

Footnotes

  1. 1 Chronicles 19:2 Lit. servants; and so throughout the section
  2. 1 Chronicles 19:2 The Heb. lacks his loss of
  3. 1 Chronicles 19:2 The Heb. lacks visit
  4. 1 Chronicles 19:4 The Heb. lacks in disgrace
  5. 1 Chronicles 19:5 The Heb. lacks word
  6. 1 Chronicles 19:6 I.e., about 75,000 pounds; a talent weighed about 75 pounds
  7. 1 Chronicles 19:12 The Heb. lacks to Abishai
  8. 1 Chronicles 19:16 The Heb. lacks Euphrates
  9. 1 Chronicles 19:16 Cf. 2Sam 10:16, which reads Shobach
  10. 1 Chronicles 19:17 Lit. Arameans, they
  11. 1 Chronicles 19:18 Lit. David