1 Crónicas 19
Nueva Biblia de las Américas
Derrota de los amonitas y de los arameos
19 (A)Después de esto murió Nahas, rey de los amonitas, y su hijo reinó en su lugar. 2 Y David dijo: «Seré bondadoso con Hanún, hijo de Nahas, porque su padre fue bondadoso conmigo». Envió, pues, David mensajeros para consolarlo por la muerte de su padre. Pero cuando los siervos de David llegaron a la tierra de los amonitas a ver a Hanún para consolarlo, 3 los príncipes de los amonitas dijeron a Hanún: «¿Cree usted que David está honrando a su padre porque le ha enviado consoladores? ¿No han venido a usted sus siervos para reconocer, para destruir y para espiar la tierra?». 4 Entonces Hanún tomó a los siervos de David y los rapó, les cortó los vestidos por la mitad hasta las caderas, y los despidió. 5 Y algunos fueron y le avisaron a David acerca de los hombres. Y él envió gente a su encuentro, porque los hombres estaban muy humillados. Y el rey dijo: «Quédense en[a] Jericó hasta que les crezca la barba, y después vuelvan».
6 Al ver los amonitas que se habían hecho odiosos a David, Hanún y los amonitas enviaron 34 toneladas de plata para tomar a sueldo carros y hombres de a caballo de Mesopotamia, de Aram Maaca y de Soba(B). 7 Tomaron a sueldo 32,000 carros, y al rey de Maaca y a su pueblo, los cuales vinieron y acamparon delante de Medeba(C). También los amonitas se reunieron desde sus ciudades y vinieron a la batalla. 8 Cuando David se enteró, envió a Joab y a todo el ejército de los valientes. 9 Y los amonitas salieron y se pusieron en orden de batalla a la entrada de la ciudad, y los reyes que habían venido estaban aparte en el campo.
10 Viendo Joab que se le presentaba batalla por el frente y por la retaguardia, escogió de entre los mejores hombres de Israel y los puso en orden de batalla contra los arameos. 11 Al resto del pueblo lo colocó al mando de su hermano Abisai; y se pusieron en orden de batalla contra los amonitas. 12 Y dijo: «Si los arameos son demasiado fuertes para mí, entonces tú me ayudarás, y si los amonitas son demasiado fuertes para ti, entonces yo te ayudaré. 13 Esfuérzate, y mostrémonos valientes por amor a nuestro pueblo y por amor a las ciudades de nuestro Dios; y que el Señor haga lo que le parezca bien». 14 Entonces se acercó Joab con el pueblo que estaba con él para enfrentarse en combate con los arameos, y estos huyeron delante de él. 15 Cuando los amonitas vieron que los arameos huían, ellos también huyeron delante de su hermano Abisai y entraron en la ciudad. Entonces Joab volvió a Jerusalén.
16 Al ver los arameos que habían sido derrotados por[b] Israel, enviaron mensajeros, y trajeron a los arameos que estaban al otro lado del Río[c], con Sofac, comandante del ejército de Hadad Ezer, al frente de ellos. 17 Cuando se dio aviso a David, este reunió a todo Israel, cruzó el Jordán y llegó frente a ellos y se puso en orden de batalla contra ellos. Y cuando David se puso en orden de batalla para enfrentarse a los arameos, estos pelearon contra él. 18 Pero los arameos huyeron delante de Israel, y David mató de los arameos a 7,000 hombres de los carros y 40,000 hombres de a pie, también dio muerte a Sofac, comandante del ejército. 19 Cuando los siervos de Hadad Ezer vieron que habían sido derrotados por[d] Israel, hicieron la paz con David y le sirvieron. Y los arameos no quisieron ayudar más a los amonitas.
1 Chronicles 19
King James Version
19 Now it came to pass after this, that Nahash the king of the children of Ammon died, and his son reigned in his stead.
2 And David said, I will shew kindness unto Hanun the son of Nahash, because his father shewed kindness to me. And David sent messengers to comfort him concerning his father. So the servants of David came into the land of the children of Ammon to Hanun, to comfort him.
3 But the princes of the children of Ammon said to Hanun, Thinkest thou that David doth honour thy father, that he hath sent comforters unto thee? are not his servants come unto thee for to search, and to overthrow, and to spy out the land?
4 Wherefore Hanun took David's servants, and shaved them, and cut off their garments in the midst hard by their buttocks, and sent them away.
5 Then there went certain, and told David how the men were served. And he sent to meet them: for the men were greatly ashamed. And the king said, Tarry at Jericho until your beards be grown, and then return.
6 And when the children of Ammon saw that they had made themselves odious to David, Hanun and the children of Ammon sent a thousand talents of silver to hire them chariots and horsemen out of Mesopotamia, and out of Syriamaachah, and out of Zobah.
7 So they hired thirty and two thousand chariots, and the king of Maachah and his people; who came and pitched before Medeba. And the children of Ammon gathered themselves together from their cities, and came to battle.
8 And when David heard of it, he sent Joab, and all the host of the mighty men.
9 And the children of Ammon came out, and put the battle in array before the gate of the city: and the kings that were come were by themselves in the field.
10 Now when Joab saw that the battle was set against him before and behind, he chose out of all the choice of Israel, and put them in array against the Syrians.
11 And the rest of the people he delivered unto the hand of Abishai his brother, and they set themselves in array against the children of Ammon.
12 And he said, If the Syrians be too strong for me, then thou shalt help me: but if the children of Ammon be too strong for thee, then I will help thee.
13 Be of good courage, and let us behave ourselves valiantly for our people, and for the cities of our God: and let the Lord do that which is good in his sight.
14 So Joab and the people that were with him drew nigh before the Syrians unto the battle; and they fled before him.
15 And when the children of Ammon saw that the Syrians were fled, they likewise fled before Abishai his brother, and entered into the city. Then Joab came to Jerusalem.
16 And when the Syrians saw that they were put to the worse before Israel, they sent messengers, and drew forth the Syrians that were beyond the river: and Shophach the captain of the host of Hadarezer went before them.
17 And it was told David; and he gathered all Israel, and passed over Jordan, and came upon them, and set the battle in array against them. So when David had put the battle in array against the Syrians, they fought with him.
18 But the Syrians fled before Israel; and David slew of the Syrians seven thousand men which fought in chariots, and forty thousand footmen, and killed Shophach the captain of the host.
19 And when the servants of Hadarezer saw that they were put to the worse before Israel, they made peace with David, and became his servants: neither would the Syrians help the children of Ammon any more.
1 Chronicles 19
New English Translation
David’s Campaign against the Ammonites
19 Later King Nahash of the Ammonites died and his son succeeded him. 2 David said, “I will express my loyalty[a] to Hanun son of Nahash, for his father was loyal[b] to me.” So David sent messengers to express his sympathy over his father’s death.[c] When David’s servants entered Ammonite territory to visit Hanun and express the king’s sympathy,[d] 3 the Ammonite officials said to Hanun, “Do you really think David is trying to honor your father by sending these messengers to express his sympathy?[e] No, his servants have come to you so they can get information and spy out the land!”[f] 4 So Hanun seized David’s servants and shaved their beards off.[g] He cut off the lower part of their robes so that their buttocks were exposed[h] and then sent them away. 5 People[i] came and told David what had happened to the men, so he sent messengers to meet them, for the men were thoroughly humiliated. The king said, “Stay in Jericho until your beards grow again; then you may come back.”
6 When the Ammonites realized that David was disgusted with them,[j] Hanun and the Ammonites sent 1,000 talents[k] of silver to hire chariots and charioteers from Aram Naharaim, Aram Maacah, and Zobah.[l] 7 They hired 32,000 chariots, along with the king of Maacah and his army, who came and camped in front of Medeba. The Ammonites also assembled from their cities and marched out to do battle.
8 When David heard the news, he sent Joab and the entire army to meet them.[m] 9 The Ammonites marched out and were deployed for battle at the entrance to the city, while the kings who had come were by themselves in the field. 10 When Joab saw that the battle would be fought on two fronts, he chose some of Israel’s best men and deployed them against the Arameans.[n] 11 He put his brother Abishai in charge of the rest of the army and they were deployed against the Ammonites. 12 Joab[o] said, “If the Arameans start to overpower me,[p] you come to my rescue. If the Ammonites start to overpower you,[q] I will come to your rescue. 13 Be strong! Let’s fight bravely for the sake of our people and the cities of our God! The Lord will do what he decides is best!”[r] 14 So Joab and his men[s] marched toward the Arameans to do battle, and they fled before him. 15 When the Ammonites saw the Arameans flee, they fled before Joab’s[t] brother Abishai and withdrew into the city. Joab went back to Jerusalem.
16 When the Arameans realized they had been defeated by Israel, they sent for reinforcements from beyond the Euphrates River,[u] led by Shophach the commanding general of Hadadezer’s army.[v] 17 When David was informed, he gathered all Israel, crossed the Jordan River,[w] and marched against them.[x] David deployed his army against the Arameans for battle and they fought against him.[y] 18 The Arameans fled before Israel. David killed 7,000[z] Aramean charioteers and 40,000 infantrymen; he also killed Shophach[aa] the commanding general. 19 When Hadadezer’s subjects saw they were defeated by Israel, they made peace with David and became his subjects. The Arameans were no longer willing to help the Ammonites.
Footnotes
- 1 Chronicles 19:2 tn Heb “do loyalty.”
- 1 Chronicles 19:2 tn Heb “did loyalty.”
- 1 Chronicles 19:2 tn Heb “to console him concerning his father.”
- 1 Chronicles 19:2 tn Heb “and the servants of David came to the land of the sons of Ammon to Hanun to console him.”
- 1 Chronicles 19:3 tn Heb “Is David honoring your father in your eyes when he sends to you ones consoling?”
- 1 Chronicles 19:3 tc Heb “Is it not to explore and to overturn and to spy out the land (that) his servants have come to you?” The Hebrew term לַהֲפֹךְ (lahafokh, “to overturn”) seems misplaced in the sequence. Some emend the form to לַחְפֹּר (lakhpor, “to spy out”). The sequence of three infinitives may be a conflation of alternative readings.
- 1 Chronicles 19:4 tn Heb “shaved them.” See v. 5.
- 1 Chronicles 19:4 tn Heb “and he cut their robes in the middle unto the buttocks.”
- 1 Chronicles 19:5 tn Heb “they.” The logical referent, though not specified in the Hebrew text, has been supplied in the translation for clarity.
- 1 Chronicles 19:6 tn Heb “that they were a stench [i.e., disgusting] with David.”
- 1 Chronicles 19:6 tn The Hebrew word כִּכַּר (kikkar, “circle”) refers generally to something that is round. When used of metals it can refer to a disk-shaped weight made of the metal or, by extension, to a standard unit of weight. According to the older (Babylonian) standard the “talent” weighed 130 lbs. (58.9 kg), but later this was lowered to 108.3 lbs. (49.1 kg). More recent research suggests the “light” standard talent was 67.3 lbs. (30.6 kg). Using this as the standard for calculation, the Ammonites hired chariots and charioteers for about 33.7 tons (30,600 kg) of silver.
- 1 Chronicles 19:6 tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 10:6 has “Aram Beth Rehob and Aram Zobah.”
- 1 Chronicles 19:8 tn The words “the news” and “to meet them” are added in the translation for stylistic reasons and for clarification.
- 1 Chronicles 19:10 tc The parallel text of 2 Sam 10:10 has “the Ammonites” in place of “the Arameans” here.tn Heb “and Joab saw that the face of the battle was to him before and behind and he chose from all the best in Israel and arranged to meet Aram.”
- 1 Chronicles 19:12 tn Heb “he”; the referent (Joab) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
- 1 Chronicles 19:12 tn Heb “if Aram is stronger than me.”
- 1 Chronicles 19:12 tn Heb “if the sons of Ammon are stronger than you.”
- 1 Chronicles 19:13 tn Heb “and the Lord, what is good in his eyes, he will do.”
- 1 Chronicles 19:14 tn Heb “and the army which was with him.”
- 1 Chronicles 19:15 tn Heb “his”; the referent (Joab) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
- 1 Chronicles 19:16 tn Heb “the River,” referring to the Euphrates. This has been specified in the translation for clarity.
- 1 Chronicles 19:16 tn Heb “and Aram saw that they were struck down before Israel and they sent messengers and brought out Aram which is beyond the River, and Shophach the commander of the army of Hadadezer [was] before them.”
- 1 Chronicles 19:17 tn The word “River” is not in the Hebrew text, but has been supplied in the translation for clarity.
- 1 Chronicles 19:17 tc The parallel text of 2 Sam 10:17 “he came to Helam.”tn Heb “and he came to them and was deployed against them.”
- 1 Chronicles 19:17 tn Heb “and David was deployed to meet Aram [for] battle and they fought with him.”
- 1 Chronicles 19:18 tc The parallel text of 2 Sam 10:18 has “seven hundred.”
- 1 Chronicles 19:18 tn The parallel text of 2 Sam 10:18 has the variant spelling “Shobach.”
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