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Los derechos de un apóstol

Yo soy libre, soy apóstol, he visto al Señor con mis propios ojos y ustedes son el fruto de mi trabajo en el Señor.

Sin embargo, hay quienes dicen que no soy apóstol. Pues si para otros no lo soy, para ustedes sí, porque ustedes son la señal que legitima mi tarea como apóstol en el Señor.

Para los que ponen en duda mis legítimos derechos, diré lo siguiente:

¿Tendré o no tendré derecho de recibir comida? ¿No tengo derecho a tener una esposa y llevarla en mis viajes, como hacen los demás apóstoles, los hermanos del Señor y Pedro? ¿O es que los únicos que en la obra de Dios tienen que trabajar por su cuenta para ganarse el sustento somos Bernabé y yo? ¿Qué soldado tiene que sostenerse a sí mismo mientras sirve en el ejército? ¿A qué agricultor se priva del derecho de comer de lo que ha cosechado? ¿A qué pastor de ovejas no se le permite tomar de la leche del rebaño?

Y no crean que sólo desde un punto de vista humano digo esto. La ley de Dios lo afirma también. En efecto, la ley que Dios dio a Moisés dice: «No se debe poner bozal al buey para evitar que coma del trigo que está trillando».

¿Creen que Dios tenía en mente sólo a los bueyes cuando dijo esto? 10 ¿No estaría pensando también en nosotros? ¡Claro que sí! A los que aran y trillan debe permitírseles alentar la esperanza de recibir parte de la cosecha. 11 Nosotros hemos plantado la semilla espiritual en ustedes. ¿Será demasiado pedir que, a cambio, recibamos de ustedes el sustento material?

12 Si otros disfrutan de este privilegio de recibir de ustedes el sustento, ¿cuánto más deberíamos disfrutarlo nosotros?

Sin embargo, jamás hemos ejercido este derecho; al contrario, soportamos todo con tal de no poner obstáculos al evangelio de Cristo.

13 Dios dijo a los que servían en el templo que podían tomar de los alimentos que se ofrecían en el templo; y a los que trabajaban en el altar, que participaran de lo que se presentaba en el altar.

14 De igual manera, el Señor ha ordenado que los que predican el evangelio vivan de ese trabajo.

15 Sin embargo, jamás les he pedido ni un centavo y no les estoy escribiendo para que de ahora en adelante me den dinero. En realidad, prefiero morirme antes que perder la satisfacción de predicarles gratuitamente. 16 No me enorgullezco de predicar las buenas noticias, porque tengo esa encomienda como una obligación y ¡ay de mí si no anuncio el evangelio! 17 Si lo hiciera por voluntad propia, recompensa tendría del Señor; pero ese no es el caso, porque Dios me escogió y me dio esta sagrada encomienda.

18 Entonces, en estas circunstancias, ¿cuál es mi recompensa? Mi recompensa es la satisfacción de predicar el evangelio sin serle una carga económica a nadie, sin demandar mis derechos.

19 Aunque soy libre de todos, de todos me he hecho esclavo, para ganar a cuantos sea posible. 20 Cuando ando con los judíos, soy como uno de ellos para ganarlos; lo mismo hago cuando estoy con los que se someten a la ley de Moisés. 21 Cuando estoy con los que no viven bajo la ley, vivo como ellos (aunque yo siempre estoy bajo la ley de Cristo), con miras a que crean.

22 Cuando estoy con gente débil de conciencia, me hago como ellos también con el propósito de que crean. En otras palabras, trato de acomodarme a todas las personas a fin de salvar algunas de la manera que sea posible. 23 Hago todo esto por amor al evangelio, para participar de sus frutos.

24 En una carrera son muchos los que corren, pero sólo uno obtiene el premio. Corran de tal modo que ganen la carrera. 25 Los deportistas se someten a una estricta disciplina. Ellos lo hacen para ganar un premio que se echa a perder, mientras que nosotros nos esforzamos por obtener un premio que jamás se desvanecerá. 26 Por lo tanto, yo corro teniendo una meta bien clara; yo peleo para ganar, no como quien da golpes al viento. 27 Más bien, como atleta, someto mi cuerpo y lo trato con rigor, no sea que, después de haber predicado a otros, yo mismo no esté en buenas condiciones y me eliminen.

Am I am not an apostle? am I not free? have I not seen Jesus Christ our Lord? are not ye my work in the Lord?

If I be not an apostle unto others, yet doubtless I am to you: for the seal of mine apostleship are ye in the Lord.

Mine answer to them that do examine me is this,

Have we not power to eat and to drink?

Have we not power to lead about a sister, a wife, as well as other apostles, and as the brethren of the Lord, and Cephas?

Or I only and Barnabas, have not we power to forbear working?

Who goeth a warfare any time at his own charges? who planteth a vineyard, and eateth not of the fruit thereof? or who feedeth a flock, and eateth not of the milk of the flock?

Say I these things as a man? or saith not the law the same also?

For it is written in the law of Moses, thou shalt not muzzle the mouth of the ox that treadeth out the corn. Doth God take care for oxen?

10 Or saith he it altogether for our sakes? For our sakes, no doubt, this is written: that he that ploweth should plow in hope; and that he that thresheth in hope should be partaker of his hope.

11 If we have sown unto you spiritual things, is it a great thing if we shall reap your carnal things?

12 If others be partakers of this power over you, are not we rather? Nevertheless we have not used this power; but suffer all things, lest we should hinder the gospel of Christ.

13 Do ye not know that they which minister about holy things live of the things of the temple? and they which wait at the altar are partakers with the altar?

14 Even so hath the Lord ordained that they which preach the gospel should live of the gospel.

15 But I have used none of these things: neither have I written these things, that it should be so done unto me: for it were better for me to die, than that any man should make my glorying void.

16 For though I preach the gospel, I have nothing to glory of: for necessity is laid upon me; yea, woe is unto me, if I preach not the gospel!

17 For if I do this thing willingly, I have a reward: but if against my will, a dispensation of the gospel is committed unto me.

18 What is my reward then? Verily that, when I preach the gospel, I may make the gospel of Christ without charge, that I abuse not my power in the gospel.

19 For though I be free from all men, yet have I made myself servant unto all, that I might gain the more.

20 And unto the Jews I became as a Jew, that I might gain the Jews; to them that are under the law, as under the law, that I might gain them that are under the law;

21 To them that are without law, as without law, (being not without law to God, but under the law to Christ,) that I might gain them that are without law.

22 To the weak became I as weak, that I might gain the weak: I am made all things to all men, that I might by all means save some.

23 And this I do for the gospel's sake, that I might be partaker thereof with you.

24 Know ye not that they which run in a race run all, but one receiveth the prize? So run, that ye may obtain.

25 And every man that striveth for the mastery is temperate in all things. Now they do it to obtain a corruptible crown; but we an incorruptible.

26 I therefore so run, not as uncertainly; so fight I, not as one that beateth the air:

27 But I keep under my body, and bring it into subjection: lest that by any means, when I have preached to others, I myself should be a castaway.

The Rights of an Apostle

I am free, am I not? I am an apostle, am I not? I have seen Jesus our Lord, haven’t I? You are the result of[a] my work in the Lord, aren’t you? If I am not an apostle to other people, surely I am one to you, for you are the evidence of my apostolic authority from the Lord.

This is my defense to those who would examine me: We have the right to earn our food,[b] don’t we? We have the right to take a believing wife with us like the other apostles, the Lord’s brothers, and Cephas,[c] don’t we? Or is it only Barnabas and I who have to keep on working for a living? Who ever goes to war at his own expense? Who plants a vineyard and does not eat any of its grapes? Or who takes care of a flock and does not drink any of its milk? I am not saying this on human authority, am I? The Law says the same thing, doesn’t it? For in the Law of Moses it is written, “You must not muzzle an ox while it is treading out the grain.”[d] God is not only concerned about oxen, is he? 10 Isn’t he really speaking for our benefit? Yes, this was written for our benefit, because the one who plows should plow in hope, and the one who threshes should thresh in hope of sharing in the crop. 11 If we have sown spiritual seed among you, is it too much if we reap material benefits from you? 12 If others enjoy this right over you, don’t we have a stronger claim? But we did not use this right. On the contrary, we tolerate everything in order not to put an obstacle in the way of the gospel of the Messiah.[e]

13 You know that those who work in the Temple get their food from the Temple and that those who serve at the altar get their share of its offerings, don’t you? 14 In the same way, the Lord has ordered that those who proclaim the gospel should make their living from the gospel.

15 But I have not used any of these rights, and I’m not writing this so that they may be applied in my case. I would rather die than let anyone deprive me of my reason for[f] boasting. 16 For if I preach the gospel, I have nothing to boast about, for this obligation has been entrusted to me. How terrible it would be for me if I didn’t preach the gospel! 17 For if I preach voluntarily, I get a reward, but if I am unwilling to do it, I am still entrusted with that obligation. 18 What, then, is my reward? It is[g] to be able to preach the gospel free of charge, and so I never resort to demanding my rights when I’m preaching[h] the gospel.

19 Although I am free from everyone’s expectations, I have made myself a servant to all of them to win more people. 20 To the Jews I became like a Jew in order to win Jews. To those under the Law I became like a man under the Law, in order to win those under the Law (although I myself am not under the Law). 21 To those who do not have the Law, I became like a man who does not have the Law in order to win those who do not have the Law. However, I am not free from God’s Law, but I’m subject to the Messiah’s[i] law. 22 To the weak I became weak in order to win the weak. I have become all things to all people so that by all possible means I might save some of them. 23 I do all this for the sake of the gospel in order to have a share in its blessings.

24 You know that in a race all the runners run but only one wins the prize, don’t you? You must run in such a way that you may be victorious. 25 Everyone who enters an athletic contest practices self-control in everything. They do it to win a wreath that withers away, but we run to win a prize that[j] never fades. 26 That is the way I run, with a clear goal in mind. That is the way I fight, not like someone shadow boxing. 27 No, I keep on disciplining my body, making it serve me so that after I have preached to others, I myself will not somehow be disqualified.

Footnotes

  1. 1 Corinthians 9:1 The Gk. lacks the result of
  2. 1 Corinthians 9:4 Lit. to eat and drink
  3. 1 Corinthians 9:5 I.e. Peter
  4. 1 Corinthians 9:9 Deut 25:4
  5. 1 Corinthians 9:12 Or Christ
  6. 1 Corinthians 9:15 The Gk. lacks reason for
  7. 1 Corinthians 9:18 The Gk. lacks It is
  8. 1 Corinthians 9:18 Lit. rights in
  9. 1 Corinthians 9:21 Or Christ’s
  10. 1 Corinthians 9:25 The Gk. lacks run to win a prize that

Paul’s Rights as an Apostle

Am I not free?(A) Am I not an apostle?(B) Have I not seen Jesus our Lord?(C) Are you not the result of my work in the Lord?(D) Even though I may not be an apostle to others, surely I am to you! For you are the seal(E) of my apostleship in the Lord.

This is my defense to those who sit in judgment on me. Don’t we have the right to food and drink?(F) Don’t we have the right to take a believing wife(G) along with us, as do the other apostles and the Lord’s brothers(H) and Cephas[a]?(I) Or is it only I and Barnabas(J) who lack the right to not work for a living?

Who serves as a soldier(K) at his own expense? Who plants a vineyard(L) and does not eat its grapes? Who tends a flock and does not drink the milk? Do I say this merely on human authority? Doesn’t the Law say the same thing? For it is written in the Law of Moses: “Do not muzzle an ox while it is treading out the grain.”[b](M) Is it about oxen that God is concerned?(N) 10 Surely he says this for us, doesn’t he? Yes, this was written for us,(O) because whoever plows and threshes should be able to do so in the hope of sharing in the harvest.(P) 11 If we have sown spiritual seed among you, is it too much if we reap a material harvest from you?(Q) 12 If others have this right of support from you, shouldn’t we have it all the more?

But we did not use this right.(R) On the contrary, we put up with anything rather than hinder(S) the gospel of Christ.

13 Don’t you know that those who serve in the temple get their food from the temple, and that those who serve at the altar share in what is offered on the altar?(T) 14 In the same way, the Lord has commanded that those who preach the gospel should receive their living from the gospel.(U)

15 But I have not used any of these rights.(V) And I am not writing this in the hope that you will do such things for me, for I would rather die than allow anyone to deprive me of this boast.(W) 16 For when I preach the gospel, I cannot boast, since I am compelled to preach.(X) Woe to me if I do not preach the gospel! 17 If I preach voluntarily, I have a reward;(Y) if not voluntarily, I am simply discharging the trust committed to me.(Z) 18 What then is my reward? Just this: that in preaching the gospel I may offer it free of charge,(AA) and so not make full use of my rights(AB) as a preacher of the gospel.

Paul’s Use of His Freedom

19 Though I am free(AC) and belong to no one, I have made myself a slave to everyone,(AD) to win as many as possible.(AE) 20 To the Jews I became like a Jew, to win the Jews.(AF) To those under the law I became like one under the law (though I myself am not under the law),(AG) so as to win those under the law. 21 To those not having the law I became like one not having the law(AH) (though I am not free from God’s law but am under Christ’s law),(AI) so as to win those not having the law. 22 To the weak I became weak, to win the weak.(AJ) I have become all things to all people(AK) so that by all possible means I might save some.(AL) 23 I do all this for the sake of the gospel, that I may share in its blessings.

The Need for Self-Discipline

24 Do you not know that in a race all the runners run, but only one gets the prize?(AM) Run(AN) in such a way as to get the prize. 25 Everyone who competes in the games goes into strict training. They do it to get a crown(AO) that will not last, but we do it to get a crown that will last forever.(AP) 26 Therefore I do not run like someone running aimlessly;(AQ) I do not fight like a boxer beating the air.(AR) 27 No, I strike a blow to my body(AS) and make it my slave so that after I have preached to others, I myself will not be disqualified for the prize.(AT)

Footnotes

  1. 1 Corinthians 9:5 That is, Peter
  2. 1 Corinthians 9:9 Deut. 25:4