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Samuel’s Death

25 Now Samuel died, and all Israel assembled and mourned for him. They buried him at his house at Ramah. Then David got up and went down to the wilderness of Paran.

David and Abigail

Now there was a man in Maon, whose business was in Carmel. The man was very rich and owned[a] three thousand sheep and a thousand goats. Now[b] the shearing of his sheep was taking place in Carmel. The name of the man was Nabal,[c] and the name of his wife was Abigail.[d] Now the woman was wise and beautiful, but the man was stubborn and mean,[e] and he was as his heart.[f] David heard in the wilderness that Nabal was shearing his sheep. So David sent ten young men, and David said to the young men, “Go up to Carmel and go to Nabal; you will greet him in my name.[g] Then you must say to him, ‘Long life to you, and may it go well with you, with your house, and with all that is yours.[h] Now I have heard that you have shearers.[i] Now while your shepherds were with us, we did not mistreat them, and nothing of theirs was missing, all the days they were in Carmel. Ask your servants[j] and they will tell you! Let the young men[k] find favor in your eyes because we have come on a feast day. Please give whatever you have on hand[l] for your servants and for your son David.”

So David’s young men came and they spoke all these words to Nabal in the name of David. Then they waited. 10 But Nabal answered David’s servants and said, “Who is David? And who is the son of Jesse? Today, there are many servants breaking away from the presence of their masters. 11 Should I take my bread and my water and my meat which I have slaughtered for my shearers and give it to men whom I do not know where they are from? 12 So David’s young men turned on their way and returned and came and told him according to all these words. 13 Then David said to his men, “Each man strap on his sword!” So each one strapped on his sword, and David also strapped on his sword. About four hundred men went up after David, while two hundred remained with the baggage.

14 But a young man of the servants told Abigail, Nabal’s wife, saying, “Look, David sent messengers from the desert to greet[m] our master, but he addressed them angrily, 15 even though the men were very good to us; we were not mistreated and did not miss anything all the days we went about with them while we were[n] in the field. 16 They were a wall to us both night and day, all the days we were[o] with them keeping the sheep. 17 And so then, know and consider[p] what you should do, for evil has been decided against our master and against all his household, and he is such a wicked man,[q] nobody can reason with him!”[r]

18 Then Abigail quickly took[s] two hundred loaves of bread, two skins of wine, five prepared sheep, five seahs of roasted grain, a hundred raisin cakes, and two hundred fig cakes, and she put them on the donkeys. 19 Then she said to her servants, “Go ahead before me; look, I am coming after you,” but she did not tell her husband Nabal. 20 And then,[t] as she was riding on the donkey and was going down the ravine of the mountain, David and his men were coming down to meet her, and she met them. 21 Now David had said, “Surely in vain[u] I guarded all that this fellow had in the desert. And nothing was missed of all that was his, but he returned evil against me in place of good! 22 May God severely punish the enemies of David[v] and again do thus if I leave behind anything that is his[w] until the morning, not even one male!”[x] 23 When Abigail saw David, she hurried and got down from the donkey and fell on her face before David’s anger,[y] and she bowed down to the ground. 24 She fell at his feet and said, “On me, my lord, be the guilt! Please let your female servant speak to you personally![z] Hear the words of your female servant! 25 Please do not let my lord set his heart against this worthless man,[aa] Nabal; for as his name, so is he. Nabal is his name, and stupidity is with him! But I, your female servant, did not see the young men[ab] of my lord whom you sent. 26 So then, my lord, as Yahweh lives and as your soul lives,[ac] since Yahweh restrained you from bloodguilt by taking matters into your own hand,[ad] so then, may your enemies be like Nabal, even those who seek to do my lord harm.[ae] 27 So then, this gift which your female servant has brought to my lord, may it be given to the young men who follow my lord.[af] 28 Please forgive the transgression of your female servant, because Yahweh will certainly make a lasting house[ag] for my lord, because my lord is fighting the battles of Yahweh, and evil will not be found in you as long as you live.[ah] 29 Should a man arise to pursue you and to seek your life, may the life of my lord be wrapped in the pouch[ai] of the living with Yahweh your God. But as for the life of your enemy, he will sling it from within[aj] the pocket of the sling! 30 And then[ak] when Yahweh has done for my lord according to all the good that he has spoken concerning you, and has appointed you as leader over Israel, 31 then this will not be an obstacle for you or a stumbling block of conscience for my lord either by the shedding of blood without cause or by my lord taking matters into his own hands.[al] And when Yahweh does good to my lord, then remember your female servant.”

32 Then David said to Abigail, “Blessed be Yahweh the God of Israel who has sent you this day to meet me! 33 And blessed be your discretion, and blessed be you who have prevented me this day from bloodguilt and from delivering myself by my own hand. 34 But as Yahweh lives,[am] the God of Israel who has prevented me from harming you, if you had not hurried and come to meet me, surely there would not have been one male[an] left alive for Nabal by the light of morning!” 35 Then David took from her hand what she had brought for him, and he said to her, “Go up to your house in peace. See, I have listened to your voice, and I have granted your request.”[ao]

36 Then Abigail went to Nabal, and look, he was holding a feast[ap] in his house like the feast of the king. Nabal was enjoying himself,[aq] and he was very drunk, so she did not tell him a thing, nothing at all,[ar] until the light of morning. 37 And then[as] in the morning when the wine had gone out of Nabal, his wife told him these words. Then his heart died within him,[at] and he became like a stone. 38 And then,[au] about ten days later, Yahweh struck Nabal and he died.

39 When David heard that Nabal had died, he said, “Blessed be Yahweh who has vindicated the case of my reproach from the hand of Nabal, and he has kept back his servant from evil; but Yahweh has returned the evil of Nabal on his own head.” Then David sent and spoke with Abigail to take her for his wife. 40 So the servants of David came to Abigail at Carmel, and they spoke to her, saying, “David has sent us to you to take you for his wife.” 41 She got up and bowed down with her face to the ground and said, “Here is your female servant, as a slave to wash the feet of my lord’s servants.” 42 Then Abigail quickly got up[av] and rode on the donkey, along with five of her maidservants who attended her,[aw] and she went after the messengers of David and became his wife.

43 David had also taken Ahinoam from Jezreel, and both of them became his wives. 44 (Now Saul had given his daughter Michal, David’s wife, to Palti the son of Laish, who was from Gallim.)

Footnotes

  1. 1 Samuel 25:2 Literally “there were for him”
  2. 1 Samuel 25:2 Literally “And it happened”
  3. 1 Samuel 25:3 The name “Nabal” means “foolish”
  4. 1 Samuel 25:3 The name “Abigail” means “my father delights”
  5. 1 Samuel 25:3 Literally “bad of deeds”
  6. 1 Samuel 25:3 The Masoretic Hebrew text (Kethib) reads “as his heart,” whereas the reading tradition (Qere) reads “Calebite”
  7. 1 Samuel 25:5 Literally “you will ask for him in my name as far as peace”
  8. 1 Samuel 25:6 Literally “you are peace and your house is peace and all that is yours is peace”
  9. 1 Samuel 25:7 Literally “shearing is for you”
  10. 1 Samuel 25:8 Or “young men”
  11. 1 Samuel 25:8 Or “the servants”; “young men” is used here to connect with v. 5
  12. 1 Samuel 25:8 Literally “what your hand finds”
  13. 1 Samuel 25:14 Hebrew “bless”
  14. 1 Samuel 25:15 Literally “at our being”
  15. 1 Samuel 25:16 Literally “the days of our being”
  16. 1 Samuel 25:17 Literally “see”
  17. 1 Samuel 25:17 Literally “a son of uselessness”
  18. 1 Samuel 25:17 Literally “from speaking to him”
  19. 1 Samuel 25:18 Literally “hastened and took”
  20. 1 Samuel 25:20 Literally “And it happened”
  21. 1 Samuel 25:21 Literally “for the vanity”
  22. 1 Samuel 25:22 Literally “May God do so to the enemies of David”; following the LXX some English versions omit the words “the enemies of”
  23. 1 Samuel 25:22 Literally “from all that is for him”
  24. 1 Samuel 25:22 Literally “from one urinating against a wall”
  25. 1 Samuel 25:23 Literally “the nostrils of David”
  26. 1 Samuel 25:24 Literally “in your ears”
  27. 1 Samuel 25:25 Literally “this man of wickedness”
  28. 1 Samuel 25:25 Or “the servants”
  29. 1 Samuel 25:26 Literally “the life of Yahweh and the life of your soul”
  30. 1 Samuel 25:26 Literally “saving your hand for you”
  31. 1 Samuel 25:26 Literally “the seeking to my lord evil”
  32. 1 Samuel 25:27 Literally “the ones going about at the feet of my lord”
  33. 1 Samuel 25:28 That is, a lasting dynasty
  34. 1 Samuel 25:28 Literally “from your days”
  35. 1 Samuel 25:29 Or “bag”
  36. 1 Samuel 25:29 Hebrew “in the midst of”
  37. 1 Samuel 25:30 Literally “And it will happen”
  38. 1 Samuel 25:31 Literally “the saving of my lord for himself”
  39. 1 Samuel 25:34 Literally “the life of Yahweh”
  40. 1 Samuel 25:34 Literally “one urinating against a wall”
  41. 1 Samuel 25:35 Literally “lifted up your face”
  42. 1 Samuel 25:36 Literally “a feast was for him”
  43. 1 Samuel 25:36 Literally “the heart of Nabal was good on him”
  44. 1 Samuel 25:36 Literally “small or large”
  45. 1 Samuel 25:37 Literally “And it happened”
  46. 1 Samuel 25:37 Literally “in his midst”
  47. 1 Samuel 25:38 Literally “And it happened”
  48. 1 Samuel 25:42 Literally “hastened and got up”
  49. 1 Samuel 25:42 Literally “the ones going about at her feet”

25 And Samuel died; and all Israel gathered themselves together, and lamented him, and buried him in his house at Ramah. And David arose, and went down to the wilderness of Paran.

And there was a man in Maon, whose [a]possessions were in Carmel; and the man was very great, and he had three thousand sheep, and a thousand goats: and he was shearing his sheep in Carmel. Now the name of the man was Nabal; and the name of his wife Abigail; and the woman was of good understanding, and of a beautiful countenance: but the man was churlish and evil in his doings; and he was of the house of Caleb. And David heard in the wilderness that Nabal was shearing his sheep. And David sent ten young men, and David said unto the young men, Get you up to Carmel, and go to Nabal, and greet him in my name: and [b]thus shall ye say to him that liveth in prosperity, Peace be unto thee, and peace be to thy house, and peace be unto all that thou hast. And now I have heard that thou hast shearers: thy shepherds have now been with us, and we [c]did them no hurt, neither was there aught missing unto them, all the while they were in Carmel. Ask thy young men, and they will tell thee: wherefore let the young men find favor in thine eyes; for we come in a good day: give, I pray thee, whatsoever cometh to thy hand, unto thy servants, and to thy son David.

And when David’s young men came, they spake to Nabal according to all those words in the name of David, and [d]ceased. 10 And Nabal answered David’s servants, and said, Who is David? and who is the son of Jesse? there are many servants now-a-days that break away every man from his master. 11 Shall I then take my bread, and my water, and my [e]flesh that I have killed for my shearers, and give it unto men of whom I know not whence they are? 12 So David’s young men turned on their way, and went back, and came and told him according to all these words. 13 And David said unto his men, Gird ye on every man his sword. And they girded on every man his sword; and David also girded on his sword: and there went up after David about four hundred men; and two hundred abode by the baggage.

14 But one of the young men told Abigail, Nabal’s wife, saying, Behold, David sent messengers out of the wilderness to [f]salute our master; and he railed at them. 15 But the men were very good unto us, and we were not [g]hurt, neither missed we anything, as long as we went with them, when we were in the fields: 16 they were a wall unto us both by night and by day, all the while we were with them keeping the sheep. 17 Now therefore know and consider what thou wilt do; for evil is determined against our master, and against all his house: for he is such a worthless fellow, that one cannot speak to him.

18 Then Abigail made haste, and took two hundred loaves, and two [h]bottles of wine, and five sheep ready dressed, and five measures of parched grain, and a hundred clusters of raisins, and two hundred cakes of figs, and laid them on asses. 19 And she said unto her young men, Go on before me; behold, I come after you. But she told not her husband Nabal. 20 And it was so, as she rode on her ass, and came down by the covert of the mountain, that, behold, David and his men came down toward her; and she met them. 21 Now David had said, Surely in vain have I kept all that this fellow hath in the wilderness, so that nothing was missed of all that pertained unto him: and he hath returned me evil for good. 22 God do so [i]unto the enemies of David, and more also, if I leave of all that pertain to him by the morning light so much as one man-child.

23 And when Abigail saw David, she hasted, and alighted from her ass, and fell before David on her face, and bowed herself to the ground. 24 And she fell at his feet, and said, Upon me, my lord, upon me be the iniquity; and let thy handmaid, I pray thee, speak in thine ears, and hear thou the words of thy handmaid. 25 Let not my lord, I pray thee, regard this worthless fellow, even Nabal; for as his name is, so is he; [j]Nabal is his name, and folly is with him: but I thy handmaid saw not the young men of my lord, whom thou didst send. 26 Now therefore, my lord, as Jehovah liveth, and as thy soul liveth, seeing Jehovah hath withholden thee [k]from bloodguiltiness, and from [l]avenging thyself with thine own hand, now therefore let thine enemies, and them that seek evil to my lord, be as Nabal. 27 And now this [m]present which thy servant hath brought unto my lord, let it be given unto the young men that follow my lord. 28 Forgive, I pray thee, the trespass of thy handmaid: for Jehovah will certainly make my lord a sure house, because my lord fighteth the battles of Jehovah; and evil shall not be found in thee all thy days. 29 And though men be risen up to pursue thee, and to seek thy soul, yet the soul of my lord shall be bound in the bundle of [n]life with Jehovah thy God; and the souls of thine enemies, them shall he sling out, as from the hollow of a sling. 30 And it shall come to pass, when Jehovah shall have done to my lord according to all the good that he hath spoken concerning thee, and shall have appointed thee prince over Israel, 31 that this shall be no [o]grief unto thee, nor offence of heart unto my lord, [p]either that thou hast shed blood without cause, or that my lord hath avenged himself. And when Jehovah shall have dealt well with my lord, then remember thy handmaid.

32 And David said to Abigail, Blessed be Jehovah, the God of Israel, who sent thee this day to meet me: 33 and blessed be thy discretion, and blessed be thou, that hast kept me this day from bloodguiltiness, and from avenging myself with mine own hand. 34 For in very deed, as Jehovah, the God of Israel, liveth, who hath withholden me from hurting thee, except thou hadst hasted and come to meet me, surely there had not been left unto Nabal by the morning light so much as one man-child. 35 So David received of her hand that which she had brought him: and he said unto her, Go up in peace to thy house; see, I have hearkened to thy voice, and have accepted thy person.

36 And Abigail came to Nabal; and, behold, he held a feast in his house, like the feast of a king; and Nabal’s heart was merry within him, for he was very drunken: wherefore she told him nothing, less or more, until the morning light. 37 And it came to pass in the morning, when the wine was gone out of Nabal, that his wife told him these things, and his heart died within him, and he became as a stone. 38 And it came to pass about ten days after, that Jehovah smote Nabal, so that he died.

39 And when David heard that Nabal was dead, he said, Blessed be Jehovah, that hath pleaded the cause of my reproach from the hand of Nabal, and hath kept back his servant from evil: and the evil-doing of Nabal hath Jehovah returned upon his own head. And David sent and spake concerning Abigail, to take her to him to wife. 40 And when the servants of David were come to Abigail to Carmel, they spake unto her, saying, David hath sent us unto thee, to take thee to him to wife. 41 And she arose, and bowed herself with her face to the earth, and said, Behold, thy handmaid is a servant to wash the feet of the servants of my lord. 42 And Abigail hasted, and arose, and rode upon an ass, with five damsels of hers that followed her; and she went after the messengers of David, and became his wife.

43 David also took Ahinoam of Jezreel; and they became both of them his wives. 44 Now Saul had given Michal his daughter, David’s wife, to [q]Palti the son of Laish, who was of Gallim.

Footnotes

  1. 1 Samuel 25:2 Or, business was
  2. 1 Samuel 25:6 Or, thus shall ye say, All hail! and peace be unto thee etc.
  3. 1 Samuel 25:7 Hebrew put them to shame.
  4. 1 Samuel 25:9 Or, remained quiet
  5. 1 Samuel 25:11 Hebrew slaughter.
  6. 1 Samuel 25:14 Hebrew bless.
  7. 1 Samuel 25:15 Hebrew put to shame.
  8. 1 Samuel 25:18 Or, skins
  9. 1 Samuel 25:22 The Syriac and some editions of Septuagint have, unto David.
  10. 1 Samuel 25:25 That is, Fool.
  11. 1 Samuel 25:26 Hebrew from coming into blood.
  12. 1 Samuel 25:26 Hebrew thine own hand saving thee.
  13. 1 Samuel 25:27 Hebrew blessing.
  14. 1 Samuel 25:29 Or, the living
  15. 1 Samuel 25:31 Hebrew cause of staggering
  16. 1 Samuel 25:31 Or, so that thou shouldest shed etc.
  17. 1 Samuel 25:44 In 2 Sam. 3:15, Paltiel.