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David Takes Consecrated Bread

21 Then David came to (A)Nob to Ahimelech the priest; and Ahimelech (B)came trembling to meet David and said to him, “Why are you alone, and no one is with you?” And David said to Ahimelech the priest, “The king has commanded me with a matter and has said to me, ‘(C)Let no one know anything about the matter on which I am sending you and with which I have commanded you; and I have directed the young men to a certain place.’ So now, what [a]do you have on hand? Give five loaves of bread into my hand, or whatever can be found.” And the priest answered David and said, “There is no ordinary bread [b]on hand, but there is (D)consecrated bread; if only the young men have (E)kept themselves from women.” And David answered the priest and said to him, “(F)Surely women have been kept from us as previously when I set out and the (G)vessels of the young men were holy, though it was an ordinary journey; how much more then today will [c]their vessels be holy?” So (H)the priest gave him consecrated bread; for there was no bread there but the (I)bread of the Presence which was removed from before Yahweh, in order to put hot bread in its place when it was taken away.

Now one of the servants of Saul was there that day, detained before Yahweh; and his name was (J)Doeg the Edomite, the (K)chief of Saul’s shepherds.

And David said to Ahimelech, “Now is there not a spear or a sword [d]on hand? For I brought neither my sword nor my weapons in my hand because the king’s matter was urgent.” Then the priest said, “(L)The sword of Goliath the Philistine, whom you struck down (M)in the valley of Elah, behold, it is wrapped in a cloth behind the ephod; if you would take it for yourself, take it. For there is no other except it here.” And David said, “There is none like it; give it to me.”

David Flees to Gath

10 Then David arose and fled that day from Saul and went to (N)Achish king of Gath. 11 But the (O)servants of Achish said to him, “Is this not David the king of the land? (P)Did they not sing of this one as they danced, saying,

‘Saul has struck his thousands,
And David his ten thousands’?”

12 And David (Q)took these words [e]to heart and greatly feared Achish king of Gath. 13 So he (R)disguised his sanity in their sight and acted insanely in their hands and scribbled on the doors of the gate and let his saliva run down into his beard. 14 Then Achish said to his servants, “Behold, you see the man behaving as a madman. Why do you bring him to me? 15 Do I lack madmen, that you have brought this one to act the madman before me? Shall this one come into my house?”

Footnotes

  1. 1 Samuel 21:3 Lit is under your hand?
  2. 1 Samuel 21:4 Lit under my hand
  3. 1 Samuel 21:5 Lit it be holy in the vessel
  4. 1 Samuel 21:8 Lit under your hand
  5. 1 Samuel 21:12 Lit in his

David and the Priests

21 David came to Ahimelek the priest at Nob. When he came to meet David, Ahimelek was trembling with fear, and he said to David, “Why are you alone? Why isn’t there anyone with you?”[a]

David said to Ahimelek the priest, “The king sent me on a mission and told me, ‘Don’t let anyone know anything about where I am sending you or about your orders.’ I have instructed the young men to wait for me at a certain place. So what do you have on hand? Please give me five loaves of bread, or whatever is available.”

The priest answered David, “I do not have any ordinary bread, but there is holy[b] bread—I can give it to you[c] only if your young men have kept themselves away from women.”[d]

David answered the priest, “Yes indeed, women have been kept away from us just as they have been on previous occasions. Whenever I go out on a mission, the bodies[e] of the young men are kept holy even if it is only an ordinary journey. How much more then shall their bodies be holy today?”

So the priest gave him holy bread, because there was no bread there except for the Bread of the Presence which had been removed from the presence of the Lord and replaced with hot bread.

Now one of Saul’s servants was present that day, detained before the Lord. His name was Doeg the Edomite. He was in charge of Saul’s shepherds.

David said to Ahimelek, “Don’t you have a spear or sword on hand here? I didn’t bring my sword or my gear with me, because the king’s mission was so urgent.”

The priest said, “The sword of Goliath the Philistine, whom you killed in the Valley of Elah, is here. It is wrapped in a cloth behind the place where the special vest is kept. If you would like to take that, take it, because there is nothing else here.”

David said, “There is no other like that one. Give it to me.”

David Among the Philistines

10 David quickly fled from Saul that day and went to Achish king of Gath. 11 The officials of Achish said to him, “Isn’t this David, the king of the land? Didn’t they dance and sing songs about him, saying, ‘Saul has slain his thousands, and David his ten thousands’?”

12 David took those words to heart, so he was very afraid of Achish king of Gath. 13 He changed his behavior in their presence and pretended to be insane while he was in their hands. He scribbled on the doors of the gate, and let his spit run down his beard. 14 Then Achish said to his servants, “Look, can’t you see that the man is insane? Why have you brought him to me? 15 Don’t I have enough madmen? Did you have to bring this madman into my presence? Should I keep this man in my house?”

Footnotes

  1. 1 Samuel 21:1 In the Hebrew text, chapter 21 starts at English 20:42. In chapter 21, the rest of the Hebrew verse numbers are one number higher than the English verse numbers.
  2. 1 Samuel 21:4 In this context holy means ceremonially pure or set aside for a sacred purpose.
  3. 1 Samuel 21:4 The words I can give it to you are added to make the sentence clear in English.
  4. 1 Samuel 21:4 Sexual relations made a man ceremonially unclean, as did touching a woman during her period.
  5. 1 Samuel 21:5 Literally vessels. Some translations understand this as a reference to the men’s weapons, but it is clear from the priest’s question that he is concerned about the effect of sexual relations on the purity of their bodies.