Lawsuits Among Believers

6 If any of you has a dispute with another, do you dare to take it before the ungodly for judgment instead of before the Lord’s people?^{(A) 2} Or do you not know that the Lord’s people will judge the world?^(B) And if you are to judge the world, are you not competent to judge trivial cases? ³ Do you not know that we will judge angels? How much more the things of this life! ⁴ Therefore, if you have disputes about such matters, do you ask for a ruling from those whose way of life is scorned in the church? ⁵ I say this to shame you.^(C) Is it possible that there is nobody among you wise enough to judge a dispute between believers?^{(D) 6} But instead, one brother^(E) takes another to court—and this in front of unbelievers!^(F)

⁷ The very fact that you have lawsuits among you means you have been completely defeated already. Why not rather be wronged? Why not rather be cheated?^{(G) 8} Instead, you yourselves cheat and do wrong, and you do this to your brothers and sisters.^{(H) 9} Or do you not know that wrongdoers will not inherit the kingdom of God?^(I) Do not be deceived:^(J) Neither the sexually immoral nor idolaters nor adulterers^(K) nor men who have sex with men^{[a](L) 10} nor thieves nor the greedy nor drunkards nor slanderers nor swindlers^(M) will inherit the kingdom of God. ¹¹ And that is what some of you were.^(N) But you were washed,^(O) you were sanctified,^(P) you were justified^(Q) in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ and by the Spirit of our God.

Sexual Immorality

¹² “I have the right to do anything,” you say—but not everything is beneficial.^(R) “I have the right to do anything”—but I will not be mastered by anything. ¹³ You say, “Food for the stomach and the stomach for food, and God will destroy them both.”^(S) The body, however, is not meant for sexual immorality but for the Lord,^(T) and the Lord for the body. ¹⁴ By his power God raised the Lord from the dead,^(U) and he will raise us also.^{(V) 15} Do you not know that your bodies are members of Christ himself?^(W) Shall I then take the members of Christ and unite them with a prostitute? Never! ¹⁶ Do you not know that he who unites himself with a prostitute is one with her in body? For it is said, “The two will become one flesh.”^{[b](X) 17} But whoever is united with the Lord is one with him in spirit.^[c](Y)

¹⁸ Flee from sexual immorality.^(Z) All other sins a person commits are outside the body, but whoever sins sexually, sins against their own body.^{(AA) 19} Do you not know that your bodies are temples^(AB) of the Holy Spirit, who is in you, whom you have received from God? You are not your own;^{(AC) 20} you were bought at a price.^(AD) Therefore honor God with your bodies.^(AE)

Concerning Married Life

7 Now for the matters you wrote about: “It is good for a man not to have sexual relations with a woman.”^{(AF) 2} But since sexual immorality is occurring, each man should have sexual relations with his own wife, and each woman with her own husband. ³ The husband should fulfill his marital duty to his wife,^(AG) and likewise the wife to her husband. ⁴ The wife does not have authority over her own body but yields it to her husband. In the same way, the husband does not have authority over his own body but yields it to his wife. ⁵ Do not deprive each other except perhaps by mutual consent and for a time,^(AH) so that you may devote yourselves to prayer. Then come together again so that Satan^(AI) will not tempt you^(AJ) because of your lack of self-control. ⁶ I say this as a concession, not as a command.^{(AK) 7} I wish that all of you were as I am.^(AL) But each of you has your own gift from God; one has this gift, another has that.^(AM)

⁸ Now to the unmarried^[d] and the widows I say: It is good for them to stay unmarried, as I do.^{(AN) 9} But if they cannot control themselves, they should marry,^(AO) for it is better to marry than to burn with passion.

¹⁰ To the married I give this command (not I, but the Lord): A wife must not separate from her husband.^{(AP) 11} But if she does, she must remain unmarried or else be reconciled to her husband.^(AQ) And a husband must not divorce his wife.

¹² To the rest I say this (I, not the Lord):^(AR) If any brother has a wife who is not a believer and she is willing to live with him, he must not divorce her. ¹³ And if a woman has a husband who is not a believer and he is willing to live with her, she must not divorce him. ¹⁴ For the unbelieving husband has been sanctified through his wife, and the unbelieving wife has been sanctified through her believing husband. Otherwise your children would be unclean, but as it is, they are holy.^(AS)

¹⁵ But if the unbeliever leaves, let it be so. The brother or the sister is not bound in such circumstances; God has called us to live in peace.^{(AT) 16} How do you know, wife, whether you will save^(AU) your husband?^(AV) Or, how do you know, husband, whether you will save your wife?

Concerning Change of Status

¹⁷ Nevertheless, each person should live as a believer in whatever situation the Lord has assigned to them, just as God has called them.^(AW) This is the rule I lay down in all the churches.^{(AX) 18} Was a man already circumcised when he was called? He should not become uncircumcised. Was a man uncircumcised when he was called? He should not be circumcised.^{(AY) 19} Circumcision is nothing and uncircumcision is nothing.^(AZ) Keeping God’s commands is what counts. ²⁰ Each person should remain in the situation they were in when God called them.^(BA)

²¹ Were you a slave when you were called? Don’t let it trouble you—although if you can gain your freedom, do so. ²² For the one who was a slave when called to faith in the Lord is the Lord’s freed person;^(BB) similarly, the one who was free when called is Christ’s slave.^{(BC) 23} You were bought at a price;^(BD) do not become slaves of human beings. ²⁴ Brothers and sisters, each person, as responsible to God, should remain in the situation they were in when God called them.^(BE)

Concerning the Unmarried

²⁵ Now about virgins: I have no command from the Lord,^(BF) but I give a judgment as one who by the Lord’s mercy^(BG) is trustworthy. ²⁶ Because of the present crisis, I think that it is good for a man to remain as he is.^{(BH) 27} Are you pledged to a woman? Do not seek to be released. Are you free from such a commitment? Do not look for a wife.^{(BI) 28} But if you do marry, you have not sinned;^(BJ) and if a virgin marries, she has not sinned. But those who marry will face many troubles in this life, and I want to spare you this.

²⁹ What I mean, brothers and sisters, is that the time is short.^(BK) From now on those who have wives should live as if they do not; ³⁰ those who mourn, as if they did not; those who are happy, as if they were not; those who buy something, as if it were not theirs to keep; ³¹ those who use the things of the world, as if not engrossed in them. For this world in its present form is passing away.^(BL)

³² I would like you to be free from concern. An unmarried man is concerned about the Lord’s affairs^(BM)—how he can please the Lord. ³³ But a married man is concerned about the affairs of this world—how he can please his wife— ³⁴ and his interests are divided. An unmarried woman or virgin is concerned about the Lord’s affairs: Her aim is to be devoted to the Lord in both body and spirit.^(BN) But a married woman is concerned about the affairs of this world—how she can please her husband. ³⁵ I am saying this for your own good, not to restrict you, but that you may live in a right way in undivided^(BO) devotion to the Lord.

³⁶ If anyone is worried that he might not be acting honorably toward the virgin he is engaged to, and if his passions are too strong^[e] and he feels he ought to marry, he should do as he wants. He is not sinning.^(BP) They should get married. ³⁷ But the man who has settled the matter in his own mind, who is under no compulsion but has control over his own will, and who has made up his mind not to marry the virgin—this man also does the right thing. ³⁸ So then, he who marries the virgin does right,^(BQ) but he who does not marry her does better.^[f]

³⁹ A woman is bound to her husband as long as he lives.^(BR) But if her husband dies, she is free to marry anyone she wishes, but he must belong to the Lord.^{(BS) 40} In my judgment,^(BT) she is happier if she stays as she is—and I think that I too have the Spirit of God.

Concerning Food Sacrificed to Idols

8 Now about food sacrificed to idols:^(BU) We know that “We all possess knowledge.”^(BV) But knowledge puffs up while love builds up. ² Those who think they know something^(BW) do not yet know as they ought to know.^{(BX) 3} But whoever loves God is known by God.^[g](BY)

⁴ So then, about eating food sacrificed to idols:^(BZ) We know that “An idol is nothing at all in the world”^(CA) and that “There is no God but one.”^{(CB) 5} For even if there are so-called gods,^(CC) whether in heaven or on earth (as indeed there are many “gods” and many “lords”), ⁶ yet for us there is but one God,^(CD) the Father,^(CE) from whom all things came^(CF) and for whom we live; and there is but one Lord,^(CG) Jesus Christ, through whom all things came^(CH) and through whom we live.

⁷ But not everyone possesses this knowledge.^(CI) Some people are still so accustomed to idols that when they eat sacrificial food they think of it as having been sacrificed to a god, and since their conscience is weak,^(CJ) it is defiled. ⁸ But food does not bring us near to God;^(CK) we are no worse if we do not eat, and no better if we do.

⁹ Be careful, however, that the exercise of your rights does not become a stumbling block^(CL) to the weak.^{(CM) 10} For if someone with a weak conscience sees you, with all your knowledge, eating in an idol’s temple, won’t that person be emboldened to eat what is sacrificed to idols?^{(CN) 11} So this weak brother or sister, for whom Christ died, is destroyed^(CO) by your knowledge. ¹² When you sin against them^(CP) in this way and wound their weak conscience, you sin against Christ.^{(CQ) 13} Therefore, if what I eat causes my brother or sister to fall into sin, I will never eat meat again, so that I will not cause them to fall.^(CR)

Paul’s Rights as an Apostle

9 Am I not free?^(CS) Am I not an apostle?^(CT) Have I not seen Jesus our Lord?^(CU) Are you not the result of my work in the Lord?^{(CV) 2} Even though I may not be an apostle to others, surely I am to you! For you are the seal^(CW) of my apostleship in the Lord.

³ This is my defense to those who sit in judgment on me. ⁴ Don’t we have the right to food and drink?^{(CX) 5} Don’t we have the right to take a believing wife^(CY) along with us, as do the other apostles and the Lord’s brothers^(CZ) and Cephas^[h]?^{(DA) 6} Or is it only I and Barnabas^(DB) who lack the right to not work for a living?

⁷ Who serves as a soldier^(DC) at his own expense? Who plants a vineyard^(DD) and does not eat its grapes? Who tends a flock and does not drink the milk? ⁸ Do I say this merely on human authority? Doesn’t the Law say the same thing? ⁹ For it is written in the Law of Moses: “Do not muzzle an ox while it is treading out the grain.”^[i](DE) Is it about oxen that God is concerned?^{(DF) 10} Surely he says this for us, doesn’t he? Yes, this was written for us,^(DG) because whoever plows and threshes should be able to do so in the hope of sharing in the harvest.^{(DH) 11} If we have sown spiritual seed among you, is it too much if we reap a material harvest from you?^{(DI) 12} If others have this right of support from you, shouldn’t we have it all the more?

But we did not use this right.^(DJ) On the contrary, we put up with anything rather than hinder^(DK) the gospel of Christ.

¹³ Don’t you know that those who serve in the temple get their food from the temple, and that those who serve at the altar share in what is offered on the altar?^{(DL) 14} In the same way, the Lord has commanded that those who preach the gospel should receive their living from the gospel.^(DM)

¹⁵ But I have not used any of these rights.^(DN) And I am not writing this in the hope that you will do such things for me, for I would rather die than allow anyone to deprive me of this boast.^{(DO) 16} For when I preach the gospel, I cannot boast, since I am compelled to preach.^(DP) Woe to me if I do not preach the gospel! ¹⁷ If I preach voluntarily, I have a reward;^(DQ) if not voluntarily, I am simply discharging the trust committed to me.^{(DR) 18} What then is my reward? Just this: that in preaching the gospel I may offer it free of charge,^(DS) and so not make full use of my rights^(DT) as a preacher of the gospel.

Paul’s Use of His Freedom

¹⁹ Though I am free^(DU) and belong to no one, I have made myself a slave to everyone,^(DV) to win as many as possible.^{(DW) 20} To the Jews I became like a Jew, to win the Jews.^(DX) To those under the law I became like one under the law (though I myself am not under the law),^(DY) so as to win those under the law. ²¹ To those not having the law I became like one not having the law^(DZ) (though I am not free from God’s law but am under Christ’s law),^(EA) so as to win those not having the law. ²² To the weak I became weak, to win the weak.^(EB) I have become all things to all people^(EC) so that by all possible means I might save some.^{(ED) 23} I do all this for the sake of the gospel, that I may share in its blessings.

The Need for Self-Discipline

²⁴ Do you not know that in a race all the runners run, but only one gets the prize?^(EE) Run^(EF) in such a way as to get the prize. ²⁵ Everyone who competes in the games goes into strict training. They do it to get a crown^(EG) that will not last, but we do it to get a crown that will last forever.^{(EH) 26} Therefore I do not run like someone running aimlessly;^(EI) I do not fight like a boxer beating the air.^{(EJ) 27} No, I strike a blow to my body^(EK) and make it my slave so that after I have preached to others, I myself will not be disqualified for the prize.^(EL)

Warnings From Israel’s History

10 For I do not want you to be ignorant^(EM) of the fact, brothers and sisters, that our ancestors were all under the cloud^(EN) and that they all passed through the sea.^{(EO) 2} They were all baptized into^(EP) Moses in the cloud and in the sea. ³ They all ate the same spiritual food^{(EQ) 4} and drank the same spiritual drink; for they drank from the spiritual rock^(ER) that accompanied them, and that rock was Christ. ⁵ Nevertheless, God was not pleased with most of them; their bodies were scattered in the wilderness.^(ES)

⁶ Now these things occurred as examples^(ET) to keep us from setting our hearts on evil things as they did. ⁷ Do not be idolaters,^(EU) as some of them were; as it is written: “The people sat down to eat and drink and got up to indulge in revelry.”^{[j](EV) 8} We should not commit sexual immorality, as some of them did—and in one day twenty-three thousand of them died.^{(EW) 9} We should not test Christ,^[k](EX) as some of them did—and were killed by snakes.^{(EY) 10} And do not grumble, as some of them did^(EZ)—and were killed^(FA) by the destroying angel.^(FB)

¹¹ These things happened to them as examples^(FC) and were written down as warnings for us,^(FD) on whom the culmination of the ages has come.^{(FE) 12} So, if you think you are standing firm,^(FF) be careful that you don’t fall! ¹³ No temptation^[l] has overtaken you except what is common to mankind. And God is faithful;^(FG) he will not let you be tempted^[m] beyond what you can bear.^(FH) But when you are tempted,^[n] he will also provide a way out so that you can endure it.

Idol Feasts and the Lord’s Supper

¹⁴ Therefore, my dear friends,^(FI) flee from idolatry.^{(FJ) 15} I speak to sensible people; judge for yourselves what I say. ¹⁶ Is not the cup of thanksgiving for which we give thanks a participation in the blood of Christ? And is not the bread that we break^(FK) a participation in the body of Christ?^{(FL) 17} Because there is one loaf, we, who are many, are one body,^(FM) for we all share the one loaf.

¹⁸ Consider the people of Israel: Do not those who eat the sacrifices^(FN) participate in the altar? ¹⁹ Do I mean then that food sacrificed to an idol is anything, or that an idol is anything?^{(FO) 20} No, but the sacrifices of pagans are offered to demons,^(FP) not to God, and I do not want you to be participants with demons. ²¹ You cannot drink the cup of the Lord and the cup of demons too; you cannot have a part in both the Lord’s table and the table of demons.^{(FQ) 22} Are we trying to arouse the Lord’s jealousy?^(FR) Are we stronger than he?^(FS)

The Believer’s Freedom

²³ “I have the right to do anything,” you say—but not everything is beneficial.^(FT) “I have the right to do anything”—but not everything is constructive. ²⁴ No one should seek their own good, but the good of others.^(FU)

²⁵ Eat anything sold in the meat market without raising questions of conscience,^{(FV) 26} for, “The earth is the Lord’s, and everything in it.”^[o](FW)

²⁷ If an unbeliever invites you to a meal and you want to go, eat whatever is put before you^(FX) without raising questions of conscience. ²⁸ But if someone says to you, “This has been offered in sacrifice,” then do not eat it, both for the sake of the one who told you and for the sake of conscience.^{(FY) 29} I am referring to the other person’s conscience, not yours. For why is my freedom^(FZ) being judged by another’s conscience? ³⁰ If I take part in the meal with thankfulness, why am I denounced because of something I thank God for?^(GA)

³¹ So whether you eat or drink or whatever you do, do it all for the glory of God.^{(GB) 32} Do not cause anyone to stumble,^(GC) whether Jews, Greeks or the church of God^(GD)— ³³ even as I try to please everyone in every way.^(GE) For I am not seeking my own good but the good of many,^(GF) so that they may be saved.^(GG)