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David’s Victory over His Enemies

18 And it happened that after David struck the Philistines and subdued them, he captured Gath and its villages out of the hand of the Philistines. And he struck Moab, and the Moabites became servants to David, bearing tribute. And David struck Hadadezer, king of Zobah-Hamath, as he set up his monument at the Euphrates River. And David captured from him one thousand chariots, seven thousand horsemen, and twenty thousand foot soldiers. And David hamstrung all the chariot horses but left one hundred of them to remain for chariots. And when the Arameans of Damascus came to help Hadadezer king of Zobah-Hamath, David struck down twenty-two thousand men of Aram. Then David set up garrisons in Aram of Damascus, and the Arameans became servants to David, bearing tribute. And Yahweh delivered David wherever he went. And David took small round shields of gold that were upon the servants of Hadadezer and brought them to Jerusalem. And from Tibhath and from Cun, cities of Hadadezer, David captured very much bronze. Solomon made the bronze sea with it along with the columns and objects of bronze.

And when Tou the king of Hamath heard that David had defeated the whole army of Hadadezer the king of Zobah, 10 he sent Hadoram his son to King David to ask him for peace and to bless him because he had fought against Hadadezer and defeated him, for Tou had been at war[a] with Hadadezer. And he brought with him all the objects of gold, silver, and bronze. 11 King David dedicated these also to Yahweh, along with the silver and gold that he had taken from all the nations, from Edom, Moab, the sons of Ammon, the Philistines, and Amalek.

12 And Abishai son of Zeruiah defeated eighteen thousand of Edom in the Valley of Salt. 13 And he put garrisons in Edom, and all Edom became servants to David. And Yahweh delivered David wherever he went.

David’s Administration

14 So David reigned over all Israel, and he administered justice[b] and righteousness to all his people. 15 And Joab son of Zeruiah was over the army, and Jehoshaphat son of Ahilud was recorder. 16 And Zadok son of Ahitub and Abimelech son of Abiathar were priests, and Shavsha was secretary. 17 And Benaiah son of Jehoiada was over the Kerethites and the Pelethites. And the sons of David were chief officials under the hand of the king.

Footnotes

  1. 1 Chronicles 18:10 Literally “a man of battles”
  2. 1 Chronicles 18:14 Literally “he was a doer of justice”

David’s Military Victories(A)

18 After this, David defeated and subdued the Philistines, and then took possession of Gath and its towns from Philistine control. He also conquered Moab, placing them in servitude and making them pay tribute.

David also defeated King Hadadezer of Zobah, which is near Hamath,[a] while he was going about establishing his hegemony[b] as far as the Euphrates[c] River. David confiscated 1,000 chariots, 7,000 horsemen, and 20,000 foot soldiers from him, and hamstrung all of the chariot horses except for a reserve force of 100 chariots. When Arameans came from Damascus to help King Hadadezer of Zobah, David killed 22,000 of them. David later erected garrisons[d] in Aram of Damascus, and the Arameans were placed under servitude to David, to whom they paid tribute. David also confiscated the gold shields that belonged to Hadadezer’s officials and took them to Jerusalem. David also confiscated a vast quantity of bronze from Tibhath[e] and Cun, cities under Hadadezer’s control. Later on, Solomon crafted the bronze sea, the pillars, and the bronze vessels for the Temple.[f]

When King Tou of Hamath learned that David had conquered King Hadadezer of Zobah’s entire army, 10 he sent his son Hadoram to King David to meet and congratulate him, because he had fought against and defeated Hadadezer. Since Hadadezer had often been to war against Tou, he sent all sorts of gold, silver, and bronze goods 11 to King David, which David[g] also dedicated to the Lord, along with silver and gold that he confiscated from all the surrounding[h] nations, including Edom, Moab, the Ammonites, the Philistines, and Amalek.

12 Zeruiah’s son Abishai killed 18,000 Edomites in the Salt Valley. 13 He erected garrisons in Edom, and all the Edomites became subservient to David, while the Lord gave victory to David wherever he went.

David’s Reign(B)

14 So David reigned over all of Israel, administering justice and equity to all of his people. 15 Zeruiah’s son Joab served in charge of the army, Ahilud’s son Jehoshaphat was his personal archivist,[i] 16 Ahitub’s son Zadok and Abiathar’s son Ahimelech were priests, Shavsha[j] was his personal secretary,[k] 17 Jehoiada’s son Benaiah supervised the special forces[l] and mercenaries,[m] while David’s sons worked as chief officials in service to the king.[n]

Footnotes

  1. 1 Chronicles 18:3 A city in Syria on the Orontes River
  2. 1 Chronicles 18:3 Lit. hand
  3. 1 Chronicles 18:3 Or Perath; a river valley near Parah (cf. Jer 13:4-7)
  4. 1 Chronicles 18:6 So LXX. The Heb. lacks garrisons
  5. 1 Chronicles 18:8 So MT; cf. 2Sam 8:8
  6. 1 Chronicles 18:8 The Heb. lacks for the Temple
  7. 1 Chronicles 18:11 Lit. he
  8. 1 Chronicles 18:11 The Heb. lacks surrounding
  9. 1 Chronicles 18:15 Or recorder; an officer who kept official records of David’s administration
  10. 1 Chronicles 18:16 Cf. 2Sam 8:16, which reads Seraiah
  11. 1 Chronicles 18:16 Or scribe
  12. 1 Chronicles 18:17 Lit. Cherethites; i.e. elite body guards
  13. 1 Chronicles 18:17 Lit. Pelethites; i.e. special couriers
  14. 1 Chronicles 18:17 Cf. 2Sam 8:19, which describes them as priests