Now the sons of Reuben the firstborn of Israel, (for he was the firstborn; but forasmuch as he defiled his father's bed, his birthright was given unto the sons of Joseph the son of Israel: and the genealogy is not to be reckoned after the birthright.

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Reuben

The sons of Reuben(A) the firstborn of Israel (he was the firstborn, but when he defiled his father’s marriage bed,(B) his rights as firstborn were given to the sons of Joseph(C) son of Israel;(D) so he could not be listed in the genealogical record in accordance with his birthright,(E)

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15 And he blessed Joseph, and said, God, before whom my fathers Abraham and Isaac did walk, the God which fed me all my life long unto this day,

16 The Angel which redeemed me from all evil, bless the lads; and let my name be named on them, and the name of my fathers Abraham and Isaac; and let them grow into a multitude in the midst of the earth.

17 And when Joseph saw that his father laid his right hand upon the head of Ephraim, it displeased him: and he held up his father's hand, to remove it from Ephraim's head unto Manasseh's head.

18 And Joseph said unto his father, Not so, my father: for this is the firstborn; put thy right hand upon his head.

19 And his father refused, and said, I know it, my son, I know it: he also shall become a people, and he also shall be great: but truly his younger brother shall be greater than he, and his seed shall become a multitude of nations.

20 And he blessed them that day, saying, In thee shall Israel bless, saying, God make thee as Ephraim and as Manasseh: and he set Ephraim before Manasseh.

21 And Israel said unto Joseph, Behold, I die: but God shall be with you, and bring you again unto the land of your fathers.

22 Moreover I have given to thee one portion above thy brethren, which I took out of the hand of the Amorite with my sword and with my bow.

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15 Then he blessed(A) Joseph and said,

“May the God before whom my fathers
    Abraham and Isaac walked faithfully,(B)
the God who has been my shepherd(C)
    all my life to this day,
16 the Angel(D) who has delivered me from all harm(E)
    —may he bless(F) these boys.(G)
May they be called by my name
    and the names of my fathers Abraham and Isaac,(H)
and may they increase greatly
    on the earth.”(I)

17 When Joseph saw his father placing his right hand(J) on Ephraim’s head(K) he was displeased; so he took hold of his father’s hand to move it from Ephraim’s head to Manasseh’s head. 18 Joseph said to him, “No, my father, this one is the firstborn; put your right hand on his head.”(L)

19 But his father refused and said, “I know, my son, I know. He too will become a people, and he too will become great.(M) Nevertheless, his younger brother will be greater than he,(N) and his descendants will become a group of nations.(O) 20 He blessed(P) them that day(Q) and said,

“In your[a] name will Israel(R) pronounce this blessing:(S)
    ‘May God make you like Ephraim(T) and Manasseh.(U)’”

So he put Ephraim ahead of Manasseh.

21 Then Israel said to Joseph, “I am about to die, but God will be with you[b](V) and take you[c] back to the land of your[d] fathers.(W) 22 And to you I give one more ridge of land[e](X) than to your brothers,(Y) the ridge I took from the Amorites with my sword(Z) and my bow.”

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Footnotes

  1. Genesis 48:20 The Hebrew is singular.
  2. Genesis 48:21 The Hebrew is plural.
  3. Genesis 48:21 The Hebrew is plural.
  4. Genesis 48:21 The Hebrew is plural.
  5. Genesis 48:22 The Hebrew for ridge of land is identical with the place name Shechem.

22 And it came to pass, when Israel dwelt in that land, that Reuben went and lay with Bilhah his father's concubine: and Israel heard it. Now the sons of Jacob were twelve:

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22 While Israel was living in that region, Reuben went in and slept with his father’s concubine(A) Bilhah,(B) and Israel heard of it.

Jacob had twelve sons:

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32 And Leah conceived, and bare a son, and she called his name Reuben: for she said, Surely the Lord hath looked upon my affliction; now therefore my husband will love me.

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32 Leah became pregnant and gave birth to a son.(A) She named him Reuben,[a](B) for she said, “It is because the Lord has seen my misery.(C) Surely my husband will love me now.”

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Footnotes

  1. Genesis 29:32 Reuben sounds like the Hebrew for he has seen my misery; the name means see, a son.

10 Also Hosah, of the children of Merari, had sons; Simri the chief, (for though he was not the firstborn, yet his father made him the chief;)

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10 Hosah the Merarite had sons: Shimri the first (although he was not the firstborn, his father had appointed him the first),(A)

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Reuben, thou art my firstborn, my might, and the beginning of my strength, the excellency of dignity, and the excellency of power:

Unstable as water, thou shalt not excel; because thou wentest up to thy father's bed; then defiledst thou it: he went up to my couch.

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“Reuben, you are my firstborn,(A)
    my might, the first sign of my strength,(B)
    excelling in honor,(C) excelling in power.
Turbulent as the waters,(D) you will no longer excel,
    for you went up onto your father’s bed,
    onto my couch and defiled it.(E)

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15 Who is the image of the invisible God, the firstborn of every creature:

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The Supremacy of the Son of God

15 The Son is the image(A) of the invisible God,(B) the firstborn(C) over all creation.

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It is reported commonly that there is fornication among you, and such fornication as is not so much as named among the Gentiles, that one should have his father's wife.

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Dealing With a Case of Incest

It is actually reported that there is sexual immorality among you, and of a kind that even pagans do not tolerate: A man is sleeping with his father’s wife.(A)

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These are the sons of Israel; Reuben, Simeon, Levi, and Judah, Issachar, and Zebulun,

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Israel’s Sons(A)

These were the sons of Israel:

Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar, Zebulun,

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And it came to pass, when they were come, that he looked on Eliab, and said, Surely the Lord's anointed is before him.

But the Lord said unto Samuel, Look not on his countenance, or on the height of his stature; because I have refused him: for the Lord seeth not as man seeth; for man looketh on the outward appearance, but the Lord looketh on the heart.

Then Jesse called Abinadab, and made him pass before Samuel. And he said, Neither hath the Lord chosen this.

Then Jesse made Shammah to pass by. And he said, Neither hath the Lord chosen this.

10 Again, Jesse made seven of his sons to pass before Samuel. And Samuel said unto Jesse, The Lord hath not chosen these.

11 And Samuel said unto Jesse, Are here all thy children? And he said, There remaineth yet the youngest, and, behold, he keepeth the sheep. And Samuel said unto Jesse, Send and fetch him: for we will not sit down till he come hither.

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When they arrived, Samuel saw Eliab(A) and thought, “Surely the Lord’s anointed stands here before the Lord.”

But the Lord said to Samuel, “Do not consider his appearance or his height, for I have rejected him. The Lord does not look at the things people look at. People look at the outward appearance,(B) but the Lord looks at the heart.”(C)

Then Jesse called Abinadab(D) and had him pass in front of Samuel. But Samuel said, “The Lord has not chosen this one either.” Jesse then had Shammah(E) pass by, but Samuel said, “Nor has the Lord chosen this one.” 10 Jesse had seven of his sons pass before Samuel, but Samuel said to him, “The Lord has not chosen these.” 11 So he asked Jesse, “Are these all(F) the sons you have?”

“There is still the youngest,” Jesse answered. “He is tending the sheep.”(G)

Samuel said, “Send for him; we will not sit down until he arrives.”

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Then the children of Judah came unto Joshua in Gilgal: and Caleb the son of Jephunneh the Kenezite said unto him, Thou knowest the thing that the Lord said unto Moses the man of God concerning me and thee in Kadeshbarnea.

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Allotment for Caleb

Now the people of Judah approached Joshua at Gilgal,(A) and Caleb son of Jephunneh(B) the Kenizzite said to him, “You know what the Lord said to Moses the man of God(C) at Kadesh Barnea(D) about you and me.(E)

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20 Cursed be he that lieth with his father's wife; because he uncovereth his father's skirt. And all the people shall say, Amen.

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20 “Cursed is anyone who sleeps with his father’s wife, for he dishonors his father’s bed.”(A)

Then all the people shall say, “Amen!”

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17 But he shall acknowledge the son of the hated for the firstborn, by giving him a double portion of all that he hath: for he is the beginning of his strength; the right of the firstborn is his.

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17 He must acknowledge the son of his unloved wife as the firstborn by giving him a double(A) share of all he has. That son is the first sign of his father’s strength.(B) The right of the firstborn belongs to him.(C)

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