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De religiøse ledere nægter at tro på Jesus som Messias(A)

16 Farisæerne og saddukæerne opsøgte nu Jesus for at stille ham på prøve. De bad ham om at gøre et mirakel som tegn på, at han virkelig var kommet fra Gud. Jesus svarede: „Om aftenen siger I: ‚Det bliver fint vejr i morgen, for himlen er rød.’ Og om morgenen siger I: ‚Det bliver stormvejr i dag, for himlen er både rød og mørk.’ Hvordan vejret bliver, kan I aflæse på himlen—men tidens tegn kan I ikke tyde! Visse mennesker er onde og vantro. De forlanger tegn og undere, før de vil tro. Men de får ikke andet tegn end Jonastegnet.” Så vendte Jesus dem ryggen og sejlede ud på søen igen sammen med sine disciple.

Advarsel mod at følge de religiøse lederes eksempel(B)

Da de var landet på den anden side af søen, kom disciplene i tanke om, at de havde glemt at tage brød med.

„Vær på vagt over for den surdej, der kommer fra farisæerne og saddukæerne,” sagde Jesus. Disciplene snakkede sammen om, at det nok var, fordi de havde glemt at tage brød med.

Jesus var godt klar over, hvad de hviskede sammen om. „Hvor er jeres tro dog lille!” sagde han. „Hvorfor snakker I om, at I ikke har brød med? Har I stadig ingenting forstået? Har I helt glemt de 5000 mennesker, som jeg bespiste med fem brød? Og alle de kurve fulde af brødrester, der blev tilovers? 10 Eller de syv brød til de 4000 og alle de kurve med mad, der blev tilovers? 11 Hvordan kan I så tro, at jeg tænker på, om vi har brød nok? Nej, I skal være på vagt over for farisæernes og saddukæernes surdej.” 12 Så gik det op for dem, at det ikke var den bogstavelige surdej, han advarede dem imod, men farisæernes og saddukæernes lære.

Peters åbenbaring om Jesus som Messias(C)

13 Jesus og disciplene gik nu nordpå til det distrikt, hvor byen Cæsarea Filippi ligger. Så spurgte han dem: „Hvem siger folk, at Menneskesønnen er?”

14 „Nogle siger, at du er Johannes Døber, der er kommet tilbage fra de døde,” svarede de. „Andre siger, at du er Elias eller Jeremias eller en anden af profeterne, der er genopstået.”

15 „Og hvad siger I? Hvem tror I, at jeg er?”

16 Simon Peter svarede: „Du er Messias, Guds egen Søn!”

17 „Simon, Jonas’ søn, du er en velsignet mand,” sagde Jesus, „for det har du ikke fra mennesker, men min Far i Himlen har åbenbaret det for dig! 18 Derfor siger jeg til dig: Du skal hedde Peter,[a] og på den klippegrund vil jeg bygge min menighed. Djævelen[b] vil aldrig kunne få magten over den. 19 Jeg vil give dig autoritet i Guds rige. Det, du sætter en stopper for på jorden, er der sat en stopper for i Himlen, og det, du åbner op for på jorden, er der åbnet op for i Himlen.”[c]

20 Derefter advarede han disciplene imod at fortælle nogen, at han var Messias.[d]

Messias som den lidende Frelser(D)

21 Fra da af begyndte Jesus at sige lige ud til sine disciple, at han var nødt til at tage til Jerusalem, at ypperstepræsterne, de skriftlærde og de øvrige jødiske ledere ville udsætte ham for store lidelser, når han kom derhen, at han ville blive slået ihjel, og at han på den tredje dag[e] ville blive oprejst fra de døde.

22 Da trak Peter ham til side og prøvede at tale ham fra det. „Gud vil beskytte dig, Herre,” sagde han. „Det vil aldrig ske for dig.”

23 Men Jesus vendte ryggen til ham og sagde: „Gå væk fra mig, Satan! Du frister mig! Du forstår ikke, hvad der er Guds vilje, men ser det kun fra et menneskeligt synspunkt.”

Det koster dyrt at følge Guds vilje(E)

24 Så sagde Jesus til dem, som fulgte ham: „De, der ønsker at være mine disciple, skal lægge alt deres eget til side og følge mig, også selv om det koster livet.[f] 25 De, der klamrer sig til det jordiske liv, vil miste det himmelske. Men de, der sætter livet til for min skyld, vil få det evige liv. 26 Hvad gavner det et menneske at vinde hele verden, hvis sjælen går fortabt? Findes der noget, der er mere værd end et menneskes sjæl? 27 En dag vil Menneskesønnen komme i sin Fars herlighed sammen med sine engle, og da vil han dømme ethvert menneske efter dets handlinger.”

28 Jesus fortsatte: „Det siger jeg jer: Nogle af jer, der står her, skal ikke dø, før I har set Menneskesønnen komme med sit herredømme!”

Footnotes

  1. 16,18 På græsk er der et ordspil mellem navnet Petros og ordet for klippegrund, som er petra. Det var almindeligt at bygge en fæstning på toppen af en klippe, og en sådan fæstning var nærmest uindtagelig. Jesus tænker specielt på billedet med at bygge sit liv på klippegrund, dvs. at høre Guds stemme og handle derefter, jf. Matt. 7,15-27 og noten til 7,25.
  2. 16,18 Teksten siger ordret „dødsrigets porte”. Datidens byråd samledes i byporten til rådslagning og planlægning. Dødsriget hentyder her sikkert til Djævelen og hans dæmoner. På trods af alle Djævelens snigløb og onde anslag, vil han ikke kunne besejre den sande Guds menighed, som er bygget på Abrahams klippegrund, der betegner lydighed og tro.
  3. 16,19 Mere ordret står der: „Hvad du binder på jorden, vil være blevet bundet i Himlen, og hvad du løser på jorden, vil være blevet løst i Himlen.” Ordene „binde” og „løse” finder vi i den hebraiske tekst i Es. 22,22. At „løse” betyder på hebraisk at give tilladelse til eller give frihed til at gøre. At „binde” er det modsatte, nemlig at forbyde noget eller sætte en stopper for noget. For eksempel kan en mor sige til sit barn: „Køleskabet er bundet” i betydningen: „Du har ikke lov til at åbne det eller tage noget fra det.” Siger man „køleskabet er løst” betyder det tilsvarende, at der er fri adgang. Ordene blev ofte brugt, når rabbinerne skulle afgøre, om noget var tilladt eller forbudt ifølge Toraen. Der er altså tale om autoritative beslutninger i den nye menighed. ApG. 15 har et kendt eksempel på den slags beslutninger.
  4. 16,20 Det skyldtes nok, at folk havde de forkerte, politiske forventninger knyttet til navnet Messias, og Jesus ønskede ikke at blive tvunget til at være nogen politisk frelser. Efter at Jesus var død og genopstået, skulle disciplene netop forkynde Jesus som Messias, men i den åndelige betydning.
  5. 16,21 Selv om det ville være mere klart på dansk at oversætte „på den tredje dag” med „to dage efter”, har vi valgt at fastholde „den tredje dag”. Hvis fredag er den første dag, vil søndag være den tredje dag.
  6. 16,24 Mere ordret: „tage sit kors op.” Se noten til Matt. 10,38.

The Demand for a Miracle(A)

16 (B)Some Pharisees and Sadducees who came to Jesus wanted to trap him, so they asked him to perform a miracle for them, to show that God approved of him. But Jesus answered, “When the sun is setting, you say, ‘We are going to have fine weather, because the sky is red.’ And early in the morning you say, ‘It is going to rain, because the sky is red and dark.’ You can predict the weather by looking at the sky, but you cannot interpret the signs concerning these times![a] (C)How evil and godless are the people of this day! You ask me for a miracle? No! The only miracle you will be given is the miracle of Jonah.”

So he left them and went away.

The Yeast of the Pharisees and Sadducees(D)

When the disciples crossed over to the other side of the lake, they forgot to take any bread. (E)Jesus said to them, “Take care; be on your guard against the yeast of the Pharisees and Sadducees.”

They started discussing among themselves, “He says this because we didn't bring any bread.”

Jesus knew what they were saying, so he asked them, “Why are you discussing among yourselves about not having any bread? What little faith you have! (F)Don't you understand yet? Don't you remember when I broke the five loaves for the five thousand men? How many baskets did you fill? 10 (G)And what about the seven loaves for the four thousand men? How many baskets did you fill? 11 How is it that you don't understand that I was not talking to you about bread? Guard yourselves from the yeast of the Pharisees and Sadducees!”

12 Then the disciples understood that he was not warning them to guard themselves from the yeast used in bread but from the teaching of the Pharisees and Sadducees.

Peter's Declaration about Jesus(H)

13 Jesus went to the territory near the town of Caesarea Philippi, where he asked his disciples, “Who do people say the Son of Man is?”

14 (I)“Some say John the Baptist,” they answered. “Others say Elijah, while others say Jeremiah or some other prophet.”

15 “What about you?” he asked them. “Who do you say I am?”

16 (J)Simon Peter answered, “You are the Messiah, the Son of the living God.”

17 “Good for you, Simon son of John!” answered Jesus. “For this truth did not come to you from any human being, but it was given to you directly by my Father in heaven. 18 And so I tell you, Peter: you are a rock, and on this rock foundation I will build my church, and not even death will ever be able to overcome it. 19 (K)I will give you the keys of the Kingdom of heaven; what you prohibit on earth will be prohibited in heaven, and what you permit on earth will be permitted in heaven.”

20 Then Jesus ordered his disciples not to tell anyone that he was the Messiah.

Jesus Speaks about His Suffering and Death(L)

21 From that time on Jesus began to say plainly to his disciples, “I must go to Jerusalem and suffer much from the elders, the chief priests, and the teachers of the Law. I will be put to death, but three days later I will be raised to life.”

22 Peter took him aside and began to rebuke him. “God forbid it, Lord!” he said. “That must never happen to you!”

23 Jesus turned around and said to Peter, “Get away from me, Satan! You are an obstacle in my way, because these thoughts of yours don't come from God, but from human nature.”

24 (M)Then Jesus said to his disciples, “If any of you want to come with me, you must forget yourself, carry your cross, and follow me. 25 (N)For if you want to save your own life, you will lose it; but if you lose your life for my sake, you will find it. 26 Will you gain anything if you win the whole world but lose your life? Of course not! There is nothing you can give to regain your life. 27 (O)For the Son of Man is about to come in the glory of his Father with his angels, and then he will reward each one according to his deeds. 28 I assure you that there are some here who will not die until they have seen the Son of Man come as King.”

Footnotes

  1. Matthew 16:3 Some manuscripts do not have the words of Jesus in verses 2-3.

The Demand for a Sign(A)

16 The Pharisees and Sadducees(B) came to Jesus and tested him by asking him to show them a sign from heaven.(C)

He replied, “When evening comes, you say, ‘It will be fair weather, for the sky is red,’ and in the morning, ‘Today it will be stormy, for the sky is red and overcast.’ You know how to interpret the appearance of the sky, but you cannot interpret the signs of the times.[a](D) A wicked and adulterous generation looks for a sign, but none will be given it except the sign of Jonah.”(E) Jesus then left them and went away.

The Yeast of the Pharisees and Sadducees

When they went across the lake, the disciples forgot to take bread. “Be careful,” Jesus said to them. “Be on your guard against the yeast of the Pharisees and Sadducees.”(F)

They discussed this among themselves and said, “It is because we didn’t bring any bread.”

Aware of their discussion, Jesus asked, “You of little faith,(G) why are you talking among yourselves about having no bread? Do you still not understand? Don’t you remember the five loaves for the five thousand, and how many basketfuls you gathered?(H) 10 Or the seven loaves for the four thousand, and how many basketfuls you gathered?(I) 11 How is it you don’t understand that I was not talking to you about bread? But be on your guard against the yeast of the Pharisees and Sadducees.” 12 Then they understood that he was not telling them to guard against the yeast used in bread, but against the teaching of the Pharisees and Sadducees.(J)

Peter Declares That Jesus Is the Messiah(K)

13 When Jesus came to the region of Caesarea Philippi, he asked his disciples, “Who do people say the Son of Man is?”

14 They replied, “Some say John the Baptist;(L) others say Elijah; and still others, Jeremiah or one of the prophets.”(M)

15 “But what about you?” he asked. “Who do you say I am?”

16 Simon Peter answered, “You are the Messiah, the Son of the living God.”(N)

17 Jesus replied, “Blessed are you, Simon son of Jonah, for this was not revealed to you by flesh and blood,(O) but by my Father in heaven.(P) 18 And I tell you that you are Peter,[b](Q) and on this rock I will build my church,(R) and the gates of Hades[c] will not overcome it. 19 I will give you the keys(S) of the kingdom of heaven; whatever you bind on earth will be[d] bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth will be[e] loosed in heaven.”(T) 20 Then he ordered his disciples not to tell anyone(U) that he was the Messiah.

Jesus Predicts His Death(V)

21 From that time on Jesus began to explain to his disciples that he must go to Jerusalem(W) and suffer many things(X) at the hands of the elders, the chief priests and the teachers of the law,(Y) and that he must be killed(Z) and on the third day(AA) be raised to life.(AB)

22 Peter took him aside and began to rebuke him. “Never, Lord!” he said. “This shall never happen to you!”

23 Jesus turned and said to Peter, “Get behind me, Satan!(AC) You are a stumbling block to me; you do not have in mind the concerns of God, but merely human concerns.”

24 Then Jesus said to his disciples, “Whoever wants to be my disciple must deny themselves and take up their cross and follow me.(AD) 25 For whoever wants to save their life[f] will lose it, but whoever loses their life for me will find it.(AE) 26 What good will it be for someone to gain the whole world, yet forfeit their soul? Or what can anyone give in exchange for their soul? 27 For the Son of Man(AF) is going to come(AG) in his Father’s glory with his angels, and then he will reward each person according to what they have done.(AH)

28 “Truly I tell you, some who are standing here will not taste death before they see the Son of Man coming in his kingdom.”

Footnotes

  1. Matthew 16:3 Some early manuscripts do not have When evening comes … of the times.
  2. Matthew 16:18 The Greek word for Peter means rock.
  3. Matthew 16:18 That is, the realm of the dead
  4. Matthew 16:19 Or will have been
  5. Matthew 16:19 Or will have been
  6. Matthew 16:25 The Greek word means either life or soul; also in verse 26.

16 The Pharisees also with the Sadducees came, and tempting desired him that he would shew them a sign from heaven.

He answered and said unto them, When it is evening, ye say, It will be fair weather: for the sky is red.

And in the morning, It will be foul weather to day: for the sky is red and lowering. O ye hypocrites, ye can discern the face of the sky; but can ye not discern the signs of the times?

A wicked and adulterous generation seeketh after a sign; and there shall no sign be given unto it, but the sign of the prophet Jonas. And he left them, and departed.

And when his disciples were come to the other side, they had forgotten to take bread.

Then Jesus said unto them, Take heed and beware of the leaven of the Pharisees and of the Sadducees.

And they reasoned among themselves, saying, It is because we have taken no bread.

Which when Jesus perceived, he said unto them, O ye of little faith, why reason ye among yourselves, because ye have brought no bread?

Do ye not yet understand, neither remember the five loaves of the five thousand, and how many baskets ye took up?

10 Neither the seven loaves of the four thousand, and how many baskets ye took up?

11 How is it that ye do not understand that I spake it not to you concerning bread, that ye should beware of the leaven of the Pharisees and of the Sadducees?

12 Then understood they how that he bade them not beware of the leaven of bread, but of the doctrine of the Pharisees and of the Sadducees.

13 When Jesus came into the coasts of Caesarea Philippi, he asked his disciples, saying, Whom do men say that I the Son of man am?

14 And they said, Some say that thou art John the Baptist: some, Elias; and others, Jeremias, or one of the prophets.

15 He saith unto them, But whom say ye that I am?

16 And Simon Peter answered and said, Thou art the Christ, the Son of the living God.

17 And Jesus answered and said unto him, Blessed art thou, Simon Barjona: for flesh and blood hath not revealed it unto thee, but my Father which is in heaven.

18 And I say also unto thee, That thou art Peter, and upon this rock I will build my church; and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it.

19 And I will give unto thee the keys of the kingdom of heaven: and whatsoever thou shalt bind on earth shall be bound in heaven: and whatsoever thou shalt loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven.

20 Then charged he his disciples that they should tell no man that he was Jesus the Christ.

21 From that time forth began Jesus to shew unto his disciples, how that he must go unto Jerusalem, and suffer many things of the elders and chief priests and scribes, and be killed, and be raised again the third day.

22 Then Peter took him, and began to rebuke him, saying, Be it far from thee, Lord: this shall not be unto thee.

23 But he turned, and said unto Peter, Get thee behind me, Satan: thou art an offence unto me: for thou savourest not the things that be of God, but those that be of men.

24 Then said Jesus unto his disciples, If any man will come after me, let him deny himself, and take up his cross, and follow me.

25 For whosoever will save his life shall lose it: and whosoever will lose his life for my sake shall find it.

26 For what is a man profited, if he shall gain the whole world, and lose his own soul? or what shall a man give in exchange for his soul?

27 For the Son of man shall come in the glory of his Father with his angels; and then he shall reward every man according to his works.

28 Verily I say unto you, There be some standing here, which shall not taste of death, till they see the Son of man coming in his kingdom.