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και συναγονται προς αυτον οι φαρισαιοι και τινες των γραμματεων ελθοντες απο ιεροσολυμων

και ιδοντες τινας των μαθητων αυτου οτι κοιναις χερσιν τουτ εστιν ανιπτοις εσθιουσιν τους αρτους

οι γαρ φαρισαιοι και παντες οι ιουδαιοι εαν μη πυγμη νιψωνται τας χειρας ουκ εσθιουσιν κρατουντες την παραδοσιν των πρεσβυτερων

και απ αγορας εαν μη ραντισωνται ουκ εσθιουσιν και αλλα πολλα εστιν α παρελαβον κρατειν βαπτισμους ποτηριων και ξεστων και χαλκιων

και επερωτωσιν αυτον οι φαρισαιοι και οι γραμματεις δια τι ου περιπατουσιν οι μαθηται σου κατα την παραδοσιν των πρεσβυτερων αλλα κοιναις χερσιν εσθιουσιν τον αρτον

ο δε ειπεν αυτοις καλως επροφητευσεν ησαιας περι υμων των υποκριτων ως γεγραπται οτι ουτος ο λαος τοις χειλεσιν με τιμα η δε καρδια αυτων πορρω απεχει απ εμου

ματην δε σεβονται με διδασκοντες διδασκαλιας ενταλματα ανθρωπων

αφεντες την εντολην του θεου κρατειτε την παραδοσιν των ανθρωπων

και ελεγεν αυτοις καλως αθετειτε την εντολην του θεου ινα την παραδοσιν υμων τηρησητε

10 μωυσης γαρ ειπεν τιμα τον πατερα σου και την μητερα σου και ο κακολογων πατερα η μητερα θανατω τελευτατω

11 υμεις δε λεγετε εαν ειπη ανθρωπος τω πατρι η τη μητρι κορβαν ο εστιν δωρον ο εαν εξ εμου ωφεληθης

12 ουκετι αφιετε αυτον ουδεν ποιησαι τω πατρι η τη μητρι

13 ακυρουντες τον λογον του θεου τη παραδοσει υμων η παρεδωκατε και παρομοια τοιαυτα πολλα ποιειτε

14 και προσκαλεσαμενος παλιν τον οχλον ελεγεν αυτοις ακουσατε μου παντες και συνετε

15 ουδεν εστιν εξωθεν του ανθρωπου εισπορευομενον εις αυτον ο δυναται κοινωσαι αυτον αλλα τα εκ του ανθρωπου εκπορευομενα εστιν τα κοινουντα τον ανθρωπον

16  17 και οτε εισηλθεν εις οικον απο του οχλου επηρωτων αυτον οι μαθηται αυτου την παραβολην

18 και λεγει αυτοις ουτως και υμεις ασυνετοι εστε ου νοειτε οτι παν το εξωθεν εισπορευομενον εις τον ανθρωπον ου δυναται αυτον κοινωσαι

19 οτι ουκ εισπορευεται αυτου εις την καρδιαν αλλ εις την κοιλιαν και εις τον αφεδρωνα εκπορευεται καθαριζων παντα τα βρωματα

20 ελεγεν δε οτι το εκ του ανθρωπου εκπορευομενον εκεινο κοινοι τον ανθρωπον

21 εσωθεν γαρ εκ της καρδιας των ανθρωπων οι διαλογισμοι οι κακοι εκπορευονται πορνειαι κλοπαι φονοι

22 μοιχειαι πλεονεξιαι πονηριαι δολος ασελγεια οφθαλμος πονηρος βλασφημια υπερηφανια αφροσυνη

23 παντα ταυτα τα πονηρα εσωθεν εκπορευεται και κοινοι τον ανθρωπον

24 εκειθεν δε αναστας απηλθεν εις τα ορια τυρου [και σιδωνος] και εισελθων εις οικιαν ουδενα ηθελεν γνωναι και ουκ ηδυνασθη λαθειν

25 αλλ ευθυς ακουσασα γυνη περι αυτου ης ειχεν το θυγατριον αυτης πνευμα ακαθαρτον ελθουσα προσεπεσεν προς τους ποδας αυτου

26 η δε γυνη ην ελληνις συροφοινικισσα τω γενει και ηρωτα αυτον ινα το δαιμονιον εκβαλη εκ της θυγατρος αυτης

27 και ελεγεν αυτη αφες πρωτον χορτασθηναι τα τεκνα ου γαρ εστιν καλον λαβειν τον αρτον των τεκνων και τοις κυναριοις βαλειν

28 η δε απεκριθη και λεγει αυτω ναι κυριε και τα κυναρια υποκατω της τραπεζης εσθιουσιν απο των ψιχιων των παιδιων

29 και ειπεν αυτη δια τουτον τον λογον υπαγε εξεληλυθεν εκ της θυγατρος σου το δαιμονιον

30 και απελθουσα εις τον οικον αυτης ευρεν το παιδιον βεβλημενον επι την κλινην και το δαιμονιον εξεληλυθος

31 και παλιν εξελθων εκ των οριων τυρου ηλθεν δια σιδωνος εις την θαλασσαν της γαλιλαιας ανα μεσον των οριων δεκαπολεως

32 και φερουσιν αυτω κωφον και μογιλαλον και παρακαλουσιν αυτον ινα επιθη αυτω την χειρα

33 και απολαβομενος αυτον απο του οχλου κατ ιδιαν εβαλεν τους δακτυλους αυτου εις τα ωτα αυτου και πτυσας ηψατο της γλωσσης αυτου

34 και αναβλεψας εις τον ουρανον εστεναξεν και λεγει αυτω εφφαθα ο εστιν διανοιχθητι

35 και ηνοιγησαν αυτου αι ακοαι και ελυθη ο δεσμος της γλωσσης αυτου και ελαλει ορθως

36 και διεστειλατο αυτοις ινα μηδενι λεγωσιν οσον δε αυτοις διεστελλετο αυτοι μαλλον περισσοτερον εκηρυσσον

37 και υπερπερισσως εξεπλησσοντο λεγοντες καλως παντα πεποιηκεν και τους κωφους ποιει ακουειν και αλαλους λαλειν

О внутренней чистоте(A)

Однажды собрались вокруг Него блюстители Закона и некоторые учители Таврота из Иерусалима. Они обратили внимание, что некоторые ученики Исо принимали пищу ритуально нечистыми, то есть неомытыми, руками.[a] Блюстители Закона, и вообще иудеи, строго следуя обычаям своих предков,[b] не садятся есть, не помыв установленным образом руки. Они не едят ничего, принесённого с базара, пока не совершат ритуального омовения. Ими соблюдается также и множество других установлений, как, например, о мытье чаш, кувшинов и медной посуды. Поэтому блюстители Закона и учители Таврота спросили Исо:

– Почему Твои ученики не следуют обычаям предков? Почему они едят нечистыми руками, не омыв их согласно ритуалу?

Исо ответил им:

– Прав был Исаия, когда пророчествовал о вас, лицемерах:

«Этот народ чтит Меня на словах,
    но сердца их далеки от Меня.
Они поклоняются Мне впустую,
    потому что их учение состоит из человеческих предписаний»[c].

Оставив повеление Всевышнего, вы соблюдаете человеческое предание. Вы ловко умеете подменять повеления Всевышнего вашими собственными традициями. 10 Ведь Всевышний сказал через Мусо: «Почитай отца и мать»[d], и «Кто злословит отца или мать, тот должен быть предан смерти»[e]. 11 Вы же говорите, что если человек скажет отцу или матери: «То, чем я мог бы тебе помочь, – курбан[f] (то есть мой дар Всевышнему)», 12 тогда ему уже позволяется ничего не делать для своего отца или матери.[g] 13 Вы отменяете слово Всевышнего собственным преданием, которое вы установили, и многое, подобное этому, вы делаете.

14 Исо снова подозвал к себе народ и сказал:

– Выслушайте Меня все и постарайтесь понять. 15-16 Ничто из того, что входит в человека извне, не может осквернить его. Оскверняет человека то, что исходит из него.[h]

17 Когда Исо оставил толпу и вошёл в дом, ученики спросили Его об этой притче.

18 – Так и вы тоже не понимаете? – сказал Он им. – Неужели вы не понимаете, что всё, что входит в человека извне, не может осквернить его? 19 Оно входит не в сердце человека, а в его желудок, а потом выходит вон. (Так Он объявил чистой любую пищу.) 20 Но то, что исходит из человека, – продолжал Он, – вот это и оскверняет его. 21 Потому что изнутри, из сердца человека исходят злые мысли, разврат, воровство, убийство, 22 супружеская неверность, жадность, злоба, коварство, распутство, завистливое око[i], клевета, надменность и безрассудство. 23 Всё это зло исходит изнутри, и именно оно оскверняет человека.

Вера язычницы(B)

24 Оттуда Исо отправился в окрестности Тира. Он остановился в одном доме и не хотел, чтобы кто-либо знал о Его приходе, но Ему всё равно не удалось сохранить это в тайне. 25 О приходе Исо узнала одна женщина, маленькая дочь которой была одержима нечистым духом. Эта женщина пришла и пала к Его ногам, 26 а она была язычницей, сирофиникиянкой. И она попросила Исо, чтобы Он изгнал демона из её дочери. 27 Исо сказал ей:

– Пусть сначала наедятся дети, ведь нехорошо будет забрать хлеб у детей и бросить собакам[j].

28 – Да, Повелитель, – ответила женщина, – но ведь и собаки едят под столом крошки, которые роняют дети.

29 – За твой ответ, – сказал ей Исо, – иди, демон вышел из твоей дочери.

30 Она пошла домой и увидела, что её дочь лежит в постели, а демон из неё вышел.

Исцеление глухого и косноязычного человека(C)

31 Возвращаясь из окрестностей Тира, Исо через Сидон вышел к Галилейскому озеру в области Десяти городов. 32 Там к Исо привели глухого и косноязычного человека и попросили возложить на него руку. 33 Исо отвёл его в сторону, вложил Свои пальцы ему в уши, затем сплюнул Себе на пальцы и прикоснулся ими к языку человека. 34 Потом Он поднял глаза к небу, тяжело вздохнул и сказал:

– Иппаттах!

Это означает: «Откройся!»

35 К человеку тотчас же вернулся слух, скованный язык стал двигаться, и он начал говорить ясно. 36 Исо запретил людям рассказывать об этом исцелении. Однако чем больше Он запрещал, тем больше они рассказывали. 37 Их удивлению не было предела.

– Всё, что Он делает – хорошо, – говорили люди. – У Него и глухие начинают слышать, и немые – говорить!

Footnotes

  1. Мк 7:2 У древних иудеев существовал особый ритуал омовения рук перед приёмом пищи, подобный тому, что можно наблюдать среди народов Востока.
  2. Мк 7:3 Духовные учители иудеев разработали целую систему обрядового очищения, намного превосходящую по своим требованиям то, что Всевышний предписал в Тавроте. Эти установления передавались из поколения в поколение в устной форме.
  3. Мк 7:7 Ис. 29:13.
  4. Мк 7:10 Исх. 20:12; Втор. 5:16.
  5. Мк 7:10 Исх. 21:17; Лев. 20:9.
  6. Мк 7:11 Курбан – это слово, которое входит в название праздника «Курбан-байрам», попало в Центральную Азию через арабский язык, родственный еврейскому.
  7. Мк 7:12 Произнеся эти слова, человек, по мнению духовных учителей, освобождался от обязанности помогать своим нуждающимся родителям. И в данном случае никого не интересовало, будут ли эти средства потрачены на нужды храма или нет.
  8. Мк 7:15 В некоторых рукописях присутствуют слова: «Если у кого есть уши, чтобы слышать, пусть слышит!»
  9. Мк 7:22 Букв.: «дурной глаз». Это выражение было фразеологическим оборотом, обозначающим жадного или завистливого человека (см. Мат. 20:15).
  10. Мк 7:27 Букв.: «собачкам». Для иудеев собака считалась нечистым животным. Исроильтяне часто называли язычников собаками, но в данном случае Исо не желал кого-либо обидеть, Он просто привёл иллюстрацию из жизни.

Then came together unto him the Pharisees, and certain of the scribes, which came from Jerusalem.

And when they saw some of his disciples eat bread with defiled, that is to say, with unwashen, hands, they found fault.

For the Pharisees, and all the Jews, except they wash their hands oft, eat not, holding the tradition of the elders.

And when they come from the market, except they wash, they eat not. And many other things there be, which they have received to hold, as the washing of cups, and pots, brasen vessels, and of tables.

Then the Pharisees and scribes asked him, Why walk not thy disciples according to the tradition of the elders, but eat bread with unwashen hands?

He answered and said unto them, Well hath Esaias prophesied of you hypocrites, as it is written, This people honoureth me with their lips, but their heart is far from me.

Howbeit in vain do they worship me, teaching for doctrines the commandments of men.

For laying aside the commandment of God, ye hold the tradition of men, as the washing of pots and cups: and many other such like things ye do.

And he said unto them, Full well ye reject the commandment of God, that ye may keep your own tradition.

10 For Moses said, Honour thy father and thy mother; and, Whoso curseth father or mother, let him die the death:

11 But ye say, If a man shall say to his father or mother, It is Corban, that is to say, a gift, by whatsoever thou mightest be profited by me; he shall be free.

12 And ye suffer him no more to do ought for his father or his mother;

13 Making the word of God of none effect through your tradition, which ye have delivered: and many such like things do ye.

14 And when he had called all the people unto him, he said unto them, Hearken unto me every one of you, and understand:

15 There is nothing from without a man, that entering into him can defile him: but the things which come out of him, those are they that defile the man.

16 If any man have ears to hear, let him hear.

17 And when he was entered into the house from the people, his disciples asked him concerning the parable.

18 And he saith unto them, Are ye so without understanding also? Do ye not perceive, that whatsoever thing from without entereth into the man, it cannot defile him;

19 Because it entereth not into his heart, but into the belly, and goeth out into the draught, purging all meats?

20 And he said, That which cometh out of the man, that defileth the man.

21 For from within, out of the heart of men, proceed evil thoughts, adulteries, fornications, murders,

22 Thefts, covetousness, wickedness, deceit, lasciviousness, an evil eye, blasphemy, pride, foolishness:

23 All these evil things come from within, and defile the man.

24 And from thence he arose, and went into the borders of Tyre and Sidon, and entered into an house, and would have no man know it: but he could not be hid.

25 For a certain woman, whose young daughter had an unclean spirit, heard of him, and came and fell at his feet:

26 The woman was a Greek, a Syrophenician by nation; and she besought him that he would cast forth the devil out of her daughter.

27 But Jesus said unto her, Let the children first be filled: for it is not meet to take the children's bread, and to cast it unto the dogs.

28 And she answered and said unto him, Yes, Lord: yet the dogs under the table eat of the children's crumbs.

29 And he said unto her, For this saying go thy way; the devil is gone out of thy daughter.

30 And when she was come to her house, she found the devil gone out, and her daughter laid upon the bed.

31 And again, departing from the coasts of Tyre and Sidon, he came unto the sea of Galilee, through the midst of the coasts of Decapolis.

32 And they bring unto him one that was deaf, and had an impediment in his speech; and they beseech him to put his hand upon him.

33 And he took him aside from the multitude, and put his fingers into his ears, and he spit, and touched his tongue;

34 And looking up to heaven, he sighed, and saith unto him, Ephphatha, that is, Be opened.

35 And straightway his ears were opened, and the string of his tongue was loosed, and he spake plain.

36 And he charged them that they should tell no man: but the more he charged them, so much the more a great deal they published it;

37 And were beyond measure astonished, saying, He hath done all things well: he maketh both the deaf to hear, and the dumb to speak.

That Which Defiles(A)

The Pharisees and some of the teachers of the law who had come from Jerusalem gathered around Jesus and saw some of his disciples eating food with hands that were defiled,(B) that is, unwashed. (The Pharisees and all the Jews do not eat unless they give their hands a ceremonial washing, holding to the tradition of the elders.(C) When they come from the marketplace they do not eat unless they wash. And they observe many other traditions, such as the washing of cups, pitchers and kettles.[a])(D)

So the Pharisees and teachers of the law asked Jesus, “Why don’t your disciples live according to the tradition of the elders(E) instead of eating their food with defiled hands?”

He replied, “Isaiah was right when he prophesied about you hypocrites; as it is written:

“‘These people honor me with their lips,
    but their hearts are far from me.
They worship me in vain;
    their teachings are merely human rules.’[b](F)

You have let go of the commands of God and are holding on to human traditions.”(G)

And he continued, “You have a fine way of setting aside the commands of God in order to observe[c] your own traditions!(H) 10 For Moses said, ‘Honor your father and mother,’[d](I) and, ‘Anyone who curses their father or mother is to be put to death.’[e](J) 11 But you say(K) that if anyone declares that what might have been used to help their father or mother is Corban (that is, devoted to God)— 12 then you no longer let them do anything for their father or mother. 13 Thus you nullify the word of God(L) by your tradition(M) that you have handed down. And you do many things like that.”

14 Again Jesus called the crowd to him and said, “Listen to me, everyone, and understand this. 15 Nothing outside a person can defile them by going into them. Rather, it is what comes out of a person that defiles them.” [16] [f]

17 After he had left the crowd and entered the house, his disciples asked him(N) about this parable. 18 “Are you so dull?” he asked. “Don’t you see that nothing that enters a person from the outside can defile them? 19 For it doesn’t go into their heart but into their stomach, and then out of the body.” (In saying this, Jesus declared all foods(O) clean.)(P)

20 He went on: “What comes out of a person is what defiles them. 21 For it is from within, out of a person’s heart, that evil thoughts come—sexual immorality, theft, murder, 22 adultery, greed,(Q) malice, deceit, lewdness, envy, slander, arrogance and folly. 23 All these evils come from inside and defile a person.”

Jesus Honors a Syrophoenician Woman’s Faith(R)

24 Jesus left that place and went to the vicinity of Tyre.[g](S) He entered a house and did not want anyone to know it; yet he could not keep his presence secret. 25 In fact, as soon as she heard about him, a woman whose little daughter was possessed by an impure spirit(T) came and fell at his feet. 26 The woman was a Greek, born in Syrian Phoenicia. She begged Jesus to drive the demon out of her daughter.

27 “First let the children eat all they want,” he told her, “for it is not right to take the children’s bread and toss it to the dogs.”

28 “Lord,” she replied, “even the dogs under the table eat the children’s crumbs.”

29 Then he told her, “For such a reply, you may go; the demon has left your daughter.”

30 She went home and found her child lying on the bed, and the demon gone.

Jesus Heals a Deaf and Mute Man(U)

31 Then Jesus left the vicinity of Tyre(V) and went through Sidon, down to the Sea of Galilee(W) and into the region of the Decapolis.[h](X) 32 There some people brought to him a man who was deaf and could hardly talk,(Y) and they begged Jesus to place his hand on(Z) him.

33 After he took him aside, away from the crowd, Jesus put his fingers into the man’s ears. Then he spit(AA) and touched the man’s tongue. 34 He looked up to heaven(AB) and with a deep sigh(AC) said to him, “Ephphatha!” (which means “Be opened!”). 35 At this, the man’s ears were opened, his tongue was loosened and he began to speak plainly.(AD)

36 Jesus commanded them not to tell anyone.(AE) But the more he did so, the more they kept talking about it. 37 People were overwhelmed with amazement. “He has done everything well,” they said. “He even makes the deaf hear and the mute speak.”

Footnotes

  1. Mark 7:4 Some early manuscripts pitchers, kettles and dining couches
  2. Mark 7:7 Isaiah 29:13
  3. Mark 7:9 Some manuscripts set up
  4. Mark 7:10 Exodus 20:12; Deut. 5:16
  5. Mark 7:10 Exodus 21:17; Lev. 20:9
  6. Mark 7:16 Some manuscripts include here the words of 4:23.
  7. Mark 7:24 Many early manuscripts Tyre and Sidon
  8. Mark 7:31 That is, the Ten Cities

Defilement Comes from Within(A)

Then (B)the Pharisees and some of the scribes came together to Him, having come from Jerusalem. Now [a]when they saw some of His disciples eat bread with defiled, that is, with (C)unwashed hands, [b]they found fault. For the Pharisees and all the Jews do not eat unless they wash their hands [c]in a special way, holding the (D)tradition of the elders. When they come from the marketplace, they do not eat unless they wash. And there are many other things which they have received and hold, like the washing of cups, pitchers, copper vessels, and couches.

(E)Then the Pharisees and scribes asked Him, “Why do Your disciples not walk according to the tradition of the elders, but eat bread with unwashed hands?”

He answered and said to them, “Well did Isaiah prophesy of you (F)hypocrites, as it is written:

(G)‘This people honors Me with their lips,
But their heart is far from Me.
And in vain they worship Me,
Teaching as doctrines the commandments of men.’

For laying aside the commandment of God, you hold the tradition of men—[d]the washing of pitchers and cups, and many other such things you do.”

He said to them, All too well (H)you [e]reject the commandment of God, that you may keep your tradition. 10 For Moses said, (I)‘Honor your father and your mother’; and, (J)‘He who curses father or mother, let him be put to death.’ 11 But you say, ‘If a man says to his father or mother, (K)“Whatever profit you might have received from me is Corban”—’ (that is, a gift to God), 12 then you no longer let him do anything for his father or his mother, 13 making the word of God of no effect through your tradition which you have handed down. And many such things you do.”

14 (L)When He had called all the multitude to Himself, He said to them, “Hear Me, everyone, and (M)understand: 15 There is nothing that enters a man from outside which can defile him; but the things which come out of him, those are the things that (N)defile a man. 16 (O)If[f] anyone has ears to hear, let him hear!”

17 (P)When He had entered a house away from the crowd, His disciples asked Him concerning the parable. 18 So He said to them, (Q)“Are you thus without understanding also? Do you not perceive that whatever enters a man from outside cannot defile him, 19 because it does not enter his heart but his stomach, and is eliminated, [g]thus purifying all foods?” 20 And He said, (R)“What comes out of a man, that defiles a man. 21 (S)For from within, out of the heart of men, (T)proceed evil thoughts, (U)adulteries, (V)fornications, murders, 22 thefts, (W)covetousness, wickedness, (X)deceit, (Y)lewdness, an evil eye, (Z)blasphemy, (AA)pride, foolishness. 23 All these evil things come from within and defile a man.”

A Gentile Shows Her Faith(AB)

24 (AC)From there He arose and went to the region of Tyre [h]and Sidon. And He entered a house and wanted no one to know it, but He could not be (AD)hidden. 25 For a woman whose young daughter had an unclean spirit heard about Him, and she came and (AE)fell at His feet. 26 The woman was a [i]Greek, a [j]Syro-Phoenician by birth, and she kept [k]asking Him to cast the demon out of her daughter. 27 But Jesus said to her, “Let the children be filled first, for it is not good to take the children’s bread and throw it to the little dogs.”

28 And she answered and said to Him, “Yes, Lord, yet even the little dogs under the table eat from the children’s crumbs.”

29 Then He said to her, “For this saying go your way; the demon has gone out of your daughter.”

30 And when she had come to her house, she found the demon gone out, and her daughter lying on the bed.

Jesus Heals a Deaf-Mute(AF)

31 (AG)Again, departing from the region of Tyre and Sidon, He came through the midst of the region of Decapolis to the Sea of Galilee. 32 Then (AH)they brought to Him one who was deaf and had an impediment in his speech, and they begged Him to put His hand on him. 33 And He took him aside from the multitude, and put His fingers in his ears, and (AI)He spat and touched his tongue. 34 Then, (AJ)looking up to heaven, (AK)He sighed, and said to him, “Ephphatha,” that is, “Be opened.”

35 (AL)Immediately his ears were opened, and the [l]impediment of his tongue was loosed, and he spoke plainly. 36 Then (AM)He commanded them that they should tell no one; but the more He commanded them, the more widely they proclaimed it. 37 And they were (AN)astonished beyond measure, saying, “He has done all things well. He (AO)makes both the deaf to hear and the mute to speak.”

Footnotes

  1. Mark 7:2 NU omits when
  2. Mark 7:2 NU omits they found fault
  3. Mark 7:3 Lit. with the fist
  4. Mark 7:8 NU omits the rest of v. 8.
  5. Mark 7:9 set aside
  6. Mark 7:16 NU omits v. 16.
  7. Mark 7:19 NU sets off the final phrase as Mark’s comment that Jesus has declared all foods clean.
  8. Mark 7:24 NU omits and Sidon
  9. Mark 7:26 Gentile
  10. Mark 7:26 A Syrian of Phoenicia
  11. Mark 7:26 begging
  12. Mark 7:35 Lit. bond