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Il matrimonio: sì o no?

Per quanto riguarda le domande che mi avete posto nella vostra ultima lettera, la mia risposta è questa: in linea di massima, se non vi sposate, fate bene. Tuttavia, per non cadere nellʼimmoralità, è meglio che ogni uomo abbia la propria moglie ed ogni donna il proprio marito, cosi evitano di peccare.

Lʼuomo dia alla moglie tutto ciò che è nel suo diritto come donna sposata, lo stesso vale per la donna nei confronti del marito. Perché una ragazza, quando si sposa, non ha più alcun diritto sul proprio corpo, ma ne è padrone il marito; così pure il marito non ha più diritti sul proprio corpo, che appartiene alla moglie. Non vi private lʼuno dellʼaltro, se non di comune accordo; e per un periodo di tempo limitato, per dedicarvi completamente alla preghiera. Ma subito dopo tornate insieme, per evitare che Satana vi tenti, facendo leva sui vostri istinti.

Non vi ordino di astenervi ma vi sto dicendo semplicemente che potete farlo se lo desiderate. Io vorrei che tutti fossero come sono io, ma non siamo mica tutti uguali! Ad alcuni Dio dà il dono di essere un marito o una moglie, ad altri il dono di riuscire a vivere serenamente da soli. Per quanto riguarda quelli che non sono sposati e le vedove dico che fanno bene a restare come sono, nella mia stessa condizione. Se però non riescono a dominare i loro istinti, è meglio che si sposino. Meglio sposarsi, che bruciare di desiderio.

10 Ora, agli sposati do questo ordine, che non viene da me, ma dal Signore stesso, che ha detto: «la moglie non deve lasciare il marito». 11 Se, invece, vive separata da lui, non deve avere relazioni con altri uomini, oppure rifaccia pace col marito! Il marito, dal canto suo, non deve divorziare da sua moglie.

12 A questo punto, voglio aggiungere alcuni miei suggerimenti personali. Non sono ordini del Signore, ma consigli che a me sembrano giusti. Se un cristiano ha la moglie che non è credente, e questa desidera restare con lui, non deve lasciarla, né divorziare da lei. 13 Così pure, se una donna cristiana ha il marito non credente, che vuole restare con lei, non deve lasciarlo, né divorziare da lui. 14 Perché il marito non credente appartiene già al Signore per mezzo della moglie e la moglie non credente appartiene già al Signore per mezzo del marito. Perciò anche i vostri figli appartengono al Signore. 15 Però, se il coniuge non credente si vuole separare, si separi pure. In questo caso il credente, marito o moglie che sia, non deve costringere lʼaltro a rimanere, perché Dio vuole che i suoi figli vivano in pace e armonia. 16 Perché, dopo tutto, niente assicura alla moglie credente che il proprio marito sarà convertito, se rimarrà; lo stesso vale per il marito riguardo alla propria moglie.

17 In generale, ognuno continui a vivere nella condizione che il Signore gli ha dato e nella quale si trovava, quando Dio lo ha chiamato alla fede. Questa è la regola che stabilisco per tutte le chiese. 18 Per esempio, se un uomo è stato circonciso secondo il rito ebraico, prima di diventare cristiano, non si deve preoccupare di essere circonciso. Chi, invece, non era circonciso, quando Dio lʼha chiamato, non si faccia circoncidere dopo! 19 Perché non conta niente che un cristiano sia circonciso o meno. La cosa essenziale è che osservi i comandamenti di Dio.

20-21 Ognuno rimanga nella condizione in cui si trovava, quando è stato chiamato da Dio. Sei stato chiamato quando eri schiavo? Non ti preoccupare. Se, però, hai la possibilità di diventare libero, non lasciartela scappare! 22 Ma se il Signore ti chiama quando sei schiavo, ricordati che Cristo ti ha liberato dalla schiavitù del peccato. Se, invece, ha chiamato te, che sei un uomo libero, ricordati che sei diventato schiavo di Cristo. 23 Siete stati comprati e pagati a caro prezzo da Cristo, quindi appartenete a lui. Non siate schiavi delle cose del mondo! 24 Perciò, cari fratelli, ognuno rimanga nella condizione in cui si trovava, quando divenne cristiano.

25 Voglio rispondere ora ad unʼaltra vostra domanda riguardo le ragazze nubili. Mi chiedete se possono sposarsi. Non ho particolari ordini da darvi da parte del Signore, ma Dio, nella sua grazia, mi ha dato una saggezza di cui potete fidarvi, e sono ben contento di dirvi che cosa ne penso.

26 Il problema è questo: noi cristiani stiamo andando incontro ad una situazione difficile. In tempi come questi, penso che sia meglio che ciascuno rimanga così comʼè. 27 Naturalmente se siete già sposati, non separatevi per questo. Ma se ancora non lo siete, non è il caso che cerchiate un marito o una moglie. 28 Comunque, se un uomo decide di prender moglie, non fa niente di male, lo stesso vale per una ragazza che si sposa. Però quelli che si sposano avranno diversi problemi da risolvere, problemi che io vorrei risparmiarvi.

29 La cosa importante da ricordare è che ci resta poco tempo. Per questa ragione, quelli che sono sposati dovrebbero essere liberi il più possibile per servire il Signore. 30 Né la felicità, né la tristezza, né le ricchezze devono distogliervi dal lavoro di Dio. 31 E i credenti che vivono in mezzo alle cose allettanti di questo mondo devono farne buon uso, senza approfittarne, perché il mondo, così come lo vediamo, sta per passare.

32 In tutto ciò che fate, vorrei che non foste ansiosi. Chi è celibe può impegnare il suo tempo nel lavoro per il Signore e darsi da fare per piacere a lui. 33 Un uomo sposato, invece, non può fare altrettanto, perché deve pensare di piacere alla moglie ed affrontare le responsabilità di questo mondo. 34 I suoi interessi sono divisi. Lo stesso vale per la donna. Una ragazza che non è sposata cerca di piacere al Signore in tutto ciò che fa, una donna sposata, invece, si preoccupa di altre cose: come tenere la casa, come piacere al marito, ecc…

35 Dico questo nel vostro interesse, non per ingannarvi. Io desidero soltanto che facciate tutto ciò che può esservi di aiuto per servire il Signore nel migliore dei modi; e meno cose vi distolgono da lui, meglio è.

36 Ma se qualcuno pensa: «Non è giusto che mia figlia invecchi senza sposarsi», e si sente in dovere di darle marito, faccia quel che vuole, le dia pure un marito; non è peccato. 37 Chi invece rimane nella decisione che ha preso e non è costretto da circostanze dʼalcun genere, ma è padrone delle sue decisioni, fa bene a conservare la propria figlia nubile. 38 Perciò, chi permette alla propria figlia di sposarsi fa bene; e chi la conserva nubile fa meglio.

39 La moglie è legata al marito per tutto il tempo che lui vive, ma se il marito muore, la donna è libera di sposare chi vuole, purché sposi un credente. 40 Secondo il mio punto di vista, però, ella sarà più felice se non si risposa; e parlando così penso di darvi un consiglio da parte dello Spirito di Dio.

Now concerning the things whereof ye wrote unto me: It is good for a man not to touch a woman.

Nevertheless, to avoid fornication, let every man have his own wife, and let every woman have her own husband.

Let the husband render unto the wife due benevolence: and likewise also the wife unto the husband.

The wife hath not power of her own body, but the husband: and likewise also the husband hath not power of his own body, but the wife.

Defraud ye not one the other, except it be with consent for a time, that ye may give yourselves to fasting and prayer; and come together again, that Satan tempt you not for your incontinency.

But I speak this by permission, and not of commandment.

For I would that all men were even as I myself. But every man hath his proper gift of God, one after this manner, and another after that.

I say therefore to the unmarried and widows, it is good for them if they abide even as I.

But if they cannot contain, let them marry: for it is better to marry than to burn.

10 And unto the married I command, yet not I, but the Lord, Let not the wife depart from her husband:

11 But and if she depart, let her remain unmarried or be reconciled to her husband: and let not the husband put away his wife.

12 But to the rest speak I, not the Lord: If any brother hath a wife that believeth not, and she be pleased to dwell with him, let him not put her away.

13 And the woman which hath an husband that believeth not, and if he be pleased to dwell with her, let her not leave him.

14 For the unbelieving husband is sanctified by the wife, and the unbelieving wife is sanctified by the husband: else were your children unclean; but now are they holy.

15 But if the unbelieving depart, let him depart. A brother or a sister is not under bondage in such cases: but God hath called us to peace.

16 For what knowest thou, O wife, whether thou shalt save thy husband? or how knowest thou, O man, whether thou shalt save thy wife?

17 But as God hath distributed to every man, as the Lord hath called every one, so let him walk. And so ordain I in all churches.

18 Is any man called being circumcised? let him not become uncircumcised. Is any called in uncircumcision? let him not be circumcised.

19 Circumcision is nothing, and uncircumcision is nothing, but the keeping of the commandments of God.

20 Let every man abide in the same calling wherein he was called.

21 Art thou called being a servant? care not for it: but if thou mayest be made free, use it rather.

22 For he that is called in the Lord, being a servant, is the Lord's freeman: likewise also he that is called, being free, is Christ's servant.

23 Ye are bought with a price; be not ye the servants of men.

24 Brethren, let every man, wherein he is called, therein abide with God.

25 Now concerning virgins I have no commandment of the Lord: yet I give my judgment, as one that hath obtained mercy of the Lord to be faithful.

26 I suppose therefore that this is good for the present distress, I say, that it is good for a man so to be.

27 Art thou bound unto a wife? seek not to be loosed. Art thou loosed from a wife? seek not a wife.

28 But and if thou marry, thou hast not sinned; and if a virgin marry, she hath not sinned. Nevertheless such shall have trouble in the flesh: but I spare you.

29 But this I say, brethren, the time is short: it remaineth, that both they that have wives be as though they had none;

30 And they that weep, as though they wept not; and they that rejoice, as though they rejoiced not; and they that buy, as though they possessed not;

31 And they that use this world, as not abusing it: for the fashion of this world passeth away.

32 But I would have you without carefulness. He that is unmarried careth for the things that belong to the Lord, how he may please the Lord:

33 But he that is married careth for the things that are of the world, how he may please his wife.

34 There is difference also between a wife and a virgin. The unmarried woman careth for the things of the Lord, that she may be holy both in body and in spirit: but she that is married careth for the things of the world, how she may please her husband.

35 And this I speak for your own profit; not that I may cast a snare upon you, but for that which is comely, and that ye may attend upon the Lord without distraction.

36 But if any man think that he behaveth himself uncomely toward his virgin, if she pass the flower of her age, and need so require, let him do what he will, he sinneth not: let them marry.

37 Nevertheless he that standeth stedfast in his heart, having no necessity, but hath power over his own will, and hath so decreed in his heart that he will keep his virgin, doeth well.

38 So then he that giveth her in marriage doeth well; but he that giveth her not in marriage doeth better.

39 The wife is bound by the law as long as her husband liveth; but if her husband be dead, she is at liberty to be married to whom she will; only in the Lord.

40 But she is happier if she so abide, after my judgment: and I think also that I have the Spirit of God.

Concerning Married Life

Now for the matters you wrote about: “It is good for a man not to have sexual relations with a woman.”(A) But since sexual immorality is occurring, each man should have sexual relations with his own wife, and each woman with her own husband. The husband should fulfill his marital duty to his wife,(B) and likewise the wife to her husband. The wife does not have authority over her own body but yields it to her husband. In the same way, the husband does not have authority over his own body but yields it to his wife. Do not deprive each other except perhaps by mutual consent and for a time,(C) so that you may devote yourselves to prayer. Then come together again so that Satan(D) will not tempt you(E) because of your lack of self-control. I say this as a concession, not as a command.(F) I wish that all of you were as I am.(G) But each of you has your own gift from God; one has this gift, another has that.(H)

Now to the unmarried[a] and the widows I say: It is good for them to stay unmarried, as I do.(I) But if they cannot control themselves, they should marry,(J) for it is better to marry than to burn with passion.

10 To the married I give this command (not I, but the Lord): A wife must not separate from her husband.(K) 11 But if she does, she must remain unmarried or else be reconciled to her husband.(L) And a husband must not divorce his wife.

12 To the rest I say this (I, not the Lord):(M) If any brother has a wife who is not a believer and she is willing to live with him, he must not divorce her. 13 And if a woman has a husband who is not a believer and he is willing to live with her, she must not divorce him. 14 For the unbelieving husband has been sanctified through his wife, and the unbelieving wife has been sanctified through her believing husband. Otherwise your children would be unclean, but as it is, they are holy.(N)

15 But if the unbeliever leaves, let it be so. The brother or the sister is not bound in such circumstances; God has called us to live in peace.(O) 16 How do you know, wife, whether you will save(P) your husband?(Q) Or, how do you know, husband, whether you will save your wife?

Concerning Change of Status

17 Nevertheless, each person should live as a believer in whatever situation the Lord has assigned to them, just as God has called them.(R) This is the rule I lay down in all the churches.(S) 18 Was a man already circumcised when he was called? He should not become uncircumcised. Was a man uncircumcised when he was called? He should not be circumcised.(T) 19 Circumcision is nothing and uncircumcision is nothing.(U) Keeping God’s commands is what counts. 20 Each person should remain in the situation they were in when God called them.(V)

21 Were you a slave when you were called? Don’t let it trouble you—although if you can gain your freedom, do so. 22 For the one who was a slave when called to faith in the Lord is the Lord’s freed person;(W) similarly, the one who was free when called is Christ’s slave.(X) 23 You were bought at a price;(Y) do not become slaves of human beings. 24 Brothers and sisters, each person, as responsible to God, should remain in the situation they were in when God called them.(Z)

Concerning the Unmarried

25 Now about virgins: I have no command from the Lord,(AA) but I give a judgment as one who by the Lord’s mercy(AB) is trustworthy. 26 Because of the present crisis, I think that it is good for a man to remain as he is.(AC) 27 Are you pledged to a woman? Do not seek to be released. Are you free from such a commitment? Do not look for a wife.(AD) 28 But if you do marry, you have not sinned;(AE) and if a virgin marries, she has not sinned. But those who marry will face many troubles in this life, and I want to spare you this.

29 What I mean, brothers and sisters, is that the time is short.(AF) From now on those who have wives should live as if they do not; 30 those who mourn, as if they did not; those who are happy, as if they were not; those who buy something, as if it were not theirs to keep; 31 those who use the things of the world, as if not engrossed in them. For this world in its present form is passing away.(AG)

32 I would like you to be free from concern. An unmarried man is concerned about the Lord’s affairs(AH)—how he can please the Lord. 33 But a married man is concerned about the affairs of this world—how he can please his wife— 34 and his interests are divided. An unmarried woman or virgin is concerned about the Lord’s affairs: Her aim is to be devoted to the Lord in both body and spirit.(AI) But a married woman is concerned about the affairs of this world—how she can please her husband. 35 I am saying this for your own good, not to restrict you, but that you may live in a right way in undivided(AJ) devotion to the Lord.

36 If anyone is worried that he might not be acting honorably toward the virgin he is engaged to, and if his passions are too strong[b] and he feels he ought to marry, he should do as he wants. He is not sinning.(AK) They should get married. 37 But the man who has settled the matter in his own mind, who is under no compulsion but has control over his own will, and who has made up his mind not to marry the virgin—this man also does the right thing. 38 So then, he who marries the virgin does right,(AL) but he who does not marry her does better.[c]

39 A woman is bound to her husband as long as he lives.(AM) But if her husband dies, she is free to marry anyone she wishes, but he must belong to the Lord.(AN) 40 In my judgment,(AO) she is happier if she stays as she is—and I think that I too have the Spirit of God.

Footnotes

  1. 1 Corinthians 7:8 Or widowers
  2. 1 Corinthians 7:36 Or if she is getting beyond the usual age for marriage
  3. 1 Corinthians 7:38 Or 36 If anyone thinks he is not treating his daughter properly, and if she is getting along in years (or if her passions are too strong), and he feels she ought to marry, he should do as he wants. He is not sinning. He should let her get married. 37 But the man who has settled the matter in his own mind, who is under no compulsion but has control over his own will, and who has made up his mind to keep the virgin unmarried—this man also does the right thing. 38 So then, he who gives his virgin in marriage does right, but he who does not give her in marriage does better.

Principles for Marriage

Now concerning the matters about which you wrote: (A)“It is good for a man not to have sexual relations with a woman.” But because of the temptation to sexual immorality, each man should have his own wife and each woman her own husband. (B)The husband should give to his wife her conjugal rights, and likewise the wife to her husband. For the wife does not have authority over her own body, but the husband does. Likewise the husband does not have authority over his own body, but the wife does. (C)Do not deprive one another, except perhaps by agreement for a limited time, that you may devote yourselves to prayer; but then come together again, (D)so that Satan may not tempt you because of your lack of self-control.

Now as a concession, (E)not a command, I say this.[a] (F)I wish that all were (G)as I myself am. But (H)each has his own gift from God, (I)one of one kind and one of another.

To the unmarried and the widows I say that (J)it is good for them to remain single, (K)as I am. But if they cannot exercise self-control, (L)they should marry. For it is better to marry than to burn with passion.

10 To the married (M)I give this charge (not I, but the Lord): (N)the wife should not separate from her husband 11 (but if she does, (O)she should remain unmarried or else be reconciled to her husband), and (P)the husband should not divorce his wife.

12 To the rest I say (I, not the Lord) that if any brother has a wife who is an unbeliever, and she consents to live with him, he should not divorce her. 13 If any woman has a husband who is an unbeliever, and he consents to live with her, she should not divorce him. 14 For the unbelieving husband is made holy because of his wife, and the unbelieving wife is made holy because of her husband. (Q)Otherwise your children would be unclean, but as it is, they are holy. 15 But if the unbelieving partner separates, let it be so. In such cases the brother or sister is not enslaved. God has called you[b] (R)to peace. 16 For how do you know, wife, (S)whether you will save your husband? Or how do you know, husband, whether you will save your wife?

Live as You Are Called

17 Only let each person lead the life[c] (T)that the Lord has assigned to him, and to which God has called him. (U)This is my rule in (V)all the churches. 18 Was anyone at the time of his call already circumcised? Let him not seek to remove the marks of circumcision. Was anyone at the time of his call uncircumcised? (W)Let him not seek circumcision. 19 (X)For neither circumcision counts for anything nor uncircumcision, but (Y)keeping the commandments of God. 20 (Z)Each one should remain in the condition in which he was called. 21 Were you a bondservant[d] when called? Do not be concerned about it. (But if you can gain your freedom, avail yourself of the opportunity.) 22 For he who was called in the Lord as a bondservant is (AA)a freedman of the Lord. Likewise he who was free when called is (AB)a bondservant of Christ. 23 (AC)You were bought with a price; (AD)do not become bondservants of men. 24 So, brothers,[e] (AE)in whatever condition each was called, there let him remain with God.

The Unmarried and the Widowed

25 Now concerning[f] the betrothed,[g] (AF)I have no command from the Lord, but I give my judgment as (AG)one who by the Lord's mercy is (AH)trustworthy. 26 I think that in view of the present[h] distress (AI)it is good for a person to remain as he is. 27 Are you bound to a wife? Do not seek to be free. Are you free from a wife? Do not seek a wife. 28 But if you do marry, you have not sinned, and if a betrothed woman[i] marries, she has not sinned. Yet those who marry will have worldly troubles, and I would spare you that. 29 This is what I mean, brothers: (AJ)the appointed time has grown very short. From now on, let those who have wives live as though they had none, 30 and those who mourn as though they were not mourning, and those who rejoice as though they were not rejoicing, and those who buy (AK)as though they had no goods, 31 and those who deal with the world as though they had no dealings with it. For (AL)the present form of this world is passing away.

32 I want you to be (AM)free from anxieties. (AN)The unmarried man is anxious about the things of the Lord, how to please the Lord. 33 But the married man is anxious about worldly things, how to please his wife, 34 and his interests are divided. And the unmarried or betrothed woman is anxious about the things of the Lord, how to be holy in body and spirit. But the married woman is anxious about worldly things, how to please her husband. 35 I say this for your own benefit, (AO)not to lay any restraint upon you, but to promote good order and to secure your undivided devotion to the Lord.

36 If anyone thinks that he is not behaving properly toward his betrothed,[j] if his[k] passions are strong, and it has to be, let him do as he wishes: let them marry—it is no sin. 37 But whoever is firmly established in his heart, being under no necessity but having his desire under control, and has determined this in his heart, to keep her as his betrothed, he will do well. 38 So then he who marries his betrothed (AP)does well, and he who refrains from marriage will do even better.

39 (AQ)A wife is bound to her husband as long as he lives. But if her husband dies, she is free to be married to whom she wishes, only (AR)in the Lord. 40 Yet (AS)in my judgment she is happier if she remains as she is. And I think (AT)that I too have the Spirit of God.

Footnotes

  1. 1 Corinthians 7:6 Or I say this:
  2. 1 Corinthians 7:15 Some manuscripts us
  3. 1 Corinthians 7:17 Or each person walk in the way
  4. 1 Corinthians 7:21 For the contextual rendering of the Greek word doulos, see Preface; also verses 22 (twice), 23
  5. 1 Corinthians 7:24 Or brothers and sisters; also verse 29
  6. 1 Corinthians 7:25 The expression Now concerning introduces a reply to a question in the Corinthians' letter; see 7:1
  7. 1 Corinthians 7:25 Greek virgins
  8. 1 Corinthians 7:26 Or impending
  9. 1 Corinthians 7:28 Greek virgin; also verse 34
  10. 1 Corinthians 7:36 Greek virgin; also verses 37, 38
  11. 1 Corinthians 7:36 Or her