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모든 사람에게 공정하라

23 “너희는 헛된 소문을 퍼뜨리지 말며 허위 증언을 하여 악한 사람을 돕지 말아라.

“너희는 다수를 따라 악을 행하지 말고 법정에서 증언할 때 대중의 편이 되어 허위 진술을 하지 말며

소송 문제를 다룰 때 가난한 사람이라고 해서 두둔하지 말아라.

“너희가 원수의 소나 나귀가 길을 잃고 헤매는 것을 보거든 그에게 끌어다 주어라.

또 너희를 미워하는 사람이 짐을 실은 채 쓰러져 있는 나귀를 일으키려고 애쓰는 것을 보거든 그냥 지나가지 말고 그를 도와주어라.

“너희는 가난한 사람의 소송 문제라고 해서 공정하지 못한 재판을 해서는 안 된다.

또 허위 문책을 해서는 안 되며 죄 없는 자나 정직한 자를 죽이는 일이 있어서도 안 된다. 나는 그런 악한 짓을 하는 악인을 절대로 용서하지 않을 것이다.

너희는 뇌물을 받지 말아라. 뇌물은 사람의 눈을 멀게 하고 의로운 사람의 진술을 묵살시킨다.

“너희는 외국인을 학대하지 말아라. 너희도 이집트에서 외국인이었으므로 너희는 외국인의 심정이 어떠한지 알고 있다.”

안식년과 안식일에 관한 법

10 “너희는 6년 동안만 너희 땅에 파종하여 수확을 거두고

11 7년째 되는 해에는 땅을 갈지 말고 묵혀 두어라. 거기서 저절로 자라는 것은 가난한 사람들이 먹게 하고 남은 것은 들짐승이 먹게 하라. 그리고 너희 포도원과 감람원에도 그렇게 하라.

12 “너희는 6일 동안만 일하고 7일째 되는 날에는 휴식하여 너희 소와 나귀가 쉴 수 있게 하고 너희 집의 종들과 외국인이 휴식을 취할 수 있게 하라.

13 “너희는 내가 말한 모든 것을 조심스럽게 지켜라. 그리고 다른 신들의 이름은 부르지도 말고 그 신들을 너희 입으로 들먹이지도 말아라.”

3대 명절

14 “너희는 매년 세 명절을 지켜라.

15 내가 너희에게 명령한 대로 너희가 이집트에서 나온 [a]1월의 정한 때에 무교절을 지켜라. 너희는 7일 동안의 이 명절 기간에 누룩 넣지 않은 빵을 먹어야 하며 나에게 경배하러 올 때에는 빈손으로 오는 자가 없어야 한다.

16 “너희는 밭에 씨를 뿌려 수확한 곡식의 첫열매로 맥추절을 지켜라. “너희는 농산물을 거둬들여 저장하는 연말에 수장절을 지켜라.

17 매년 이 세 명절에 너희 모든 남자들은 너희 하나님 나 여호와에게 경배하러 와야 한다.

18 “너희는 나에게 희생제물의 피를 누룩이 든 빵과 함께 드리지 말며 이 명절 동안 나에게 바친 희생제물의 기름을 다음날 아침까지 남겨 두지 말아라.

19 “너희는 추수한 첫열매 중에서 제일 좋은 것을 너희 하나님 나 여호와의 집으로 가져오너라. “너희는 염소 새끼를 그 어미의 젖으로 삶지 말아라.”

천사를 통해 길을 인도하고 보호하겠다는 약속

20 “내가 한 천사를 너희 앞에 보내 너희가 길을 가는 동안 줄곧 너희를 보호하여 내가 예비한 곳에 너희를 인도하도록 하겠다.

21 너희는 그의 말을 잘 듣고 순종하며 그에게 거역하지 말아라. 그는 내 이름으로 보냄을 받은 자이므로 너희가 거역하는 것을 용서하지 않을 것이다.

22 그러나 너희가 그에게 순종하고 내가 말하는 모든 것을 행하면 내가 너희 원수에게 원수가 되고 너희 대적에게 대적이 될 것이다.

23 나의 천사가 너희 선두에 서서 너희를 아모리족, 헷족, 브리스족, 가나안족, 히위족, 여부스족의 땅으로 인도할 것이다. 내가 그들을 완전히 없애 버리겠다.

24 너희는 그들의 신을 숭배하거나 섬기지 말아라. 그들의 행위를 본받지 말고 그들의 신을 없애 버리며 신상이 새겨진 돌기둥을 부숴 버리고

25 너희 하나님 나 여호와를 섬겨라. 그러면 내가 너희 양식과 물에 복을 내리고 너희 가운데 병을 없애겠다.

26 너희 땅에 낙태하거나 아이를 낳지 못하는 여자가 없을 것이며 [b]너희가 장수하게 될 것이다.

27 “너희가 만나는 백성들을 내가 두려움과 혼란 가운데 빠뜨려 너희를 등지고 달아나게 할 것이며

28 또 너희가 전진할 때 내가 히위족과 가나안족과 헷족에게 [c]공포심을 일으켜 그들을 너희 앞에서 쫓아내겠다.

29 그러나 내가 그들을 년 안에 다 쫓아내지는 않을 것이다. 만일 내가 그렇게 한다면 그 땅이 황폐해지고 들짐승이 득실거려 너희에게 피해가 클 것이다.

30 그래서 너희가 그 땅을 소유할 만큼 인구가 증가할 때까지 내가 그들을 조금씩 서서히 쫓아내겠다.

31 내가 너희 땅의 경계선을 홍해에서 [d]지중해 연안까지, 그리고 [e]아라비아 사막에서 유프라테스강까지 정하고 그 땅의 백성들을 너희에게 넘겨 주겠다. 너희가 그들을 너희 앞에서 쫓아내게 될 것이다.

32 너희는 그들이나 그들의 신들과 계약을 맺지 말아라.

33 너희는 그들을 너희 땅에 살지 못하게 하라. 그렇지 않으면 그들 때문에 너희가 나에게 범죄할 것이다. 너희가 그들의 신을 섬기면 그것이 너희에게 덫이 될 것이다.”

Footnotes

  1. 23:15 히 ‘아빕월’
  2. 23:26 또는 ‘내가 너희 날수를 채우리라’
  3. 23:28 원문에는 ‘왕벌을 네 앞에 보내리니’
  4. 23:31 또는 ‘블레셋 바다’
  5. 23:31 또는 ‘광야에서부터 하수까지’

23 Thou shalt not accept a false report; extend not thy hand to the wicked, to be an unrighteous witness.

Thou shalt not follow the multitude for evil; neither shalt thou answer in a cause, to go after the multitude to pervert [judgment].

Neither shalt thou favour a poor man in his cause.

—If thou meet thine enemy's ox or his ass going astray, thou shalt certainly bring it back to him.

If thou see the ass of him that hateth thee lying under its burden, beware of leaving [it] to him: thou shalt certainly loosen [it] with him.

Thou shalt not pervert the judgment of thy poor in his cause.

Thou shalt keep far from the cause of falsehood; and the innocent and righteous slay not; for I will not justify the wicked.

And thou shalt take no bribe; for the bribe blindeth those whose eyes are open, and perverteth the words of the righteous.

And the stranger thou shalt not oppress; for ye know the spirit of the stranger, for ye have been strangers in the land of Egypt.

10 And six years thou shalt sow thy land, and gather in its produce;

11 but in the seventh thou shalt let it rest and lie [fallow], that the poor of thy people may eat [of it]; and what they leave, the beasts of the field shall eat. In like manner thou shalt deal with thy vineyard, and with thine olive-tree.

12 —Six days thou shalt do thy work, but on the seventh day thou shalt rest; that thine ox and thine ass may rest, and the son of thy handmaid, and the stranger may be refreshed.

13 And ye shall be on your guard as to everything that I have said unto you; and shall make no mention of the name of other gods—it shall not be heard in thy mouth.

14 Thrice in the year thou shalt celebrate a feast to me.

15 Thou shalt keep the feast of unleavened bread, (thou shalt eat unleavened bread seven days, as I have commanded thee, in the time appointed of the month Abib; for in it thou camest out from Egypt; and none shall appear in my presence empty;)

16 and the feast of harvest, the first-fruits of thy labours which thou hast sown in the field, and the feast of in-gathering, at the end of the year, when thou gatherest in thy labours out of the field.

17 Three times in the year all thy males shall appear in the presence of the Lord Jehovah.

18 Thou shalt not offer the blood of my sacrifice with leavened bread; neither shall the fat of my feast remain all night until the morning.

19 The first of the first-fruits of thy land thou shalt bring into the house of Jehovah thy God. Thou shalt not boil a kid in its mother's milk.

20 Behold, I send an Angel before thee, to keep thee in the way, and to bring thee to the place that I have prepared.

21 Be careful in his presence, and hearken unto his voice: do not provoke him, for he will not forgive your transgressions; for my name is in him.

22 But if thou shalt diligently hearken unto his voice, and do all that I shall say, then I will be an enemy to thine enemies, and an adversary to thine adversaries.

23 For mine Angel shall go before thee, and bring thee in unto the Amorites and the Hittites and the Perizzites and the Canaanites, the Hivites and the Jebusites; and I will cut them off.

24 Thou shalt not bow down to their gods, nor serve them, nor do after their deeds; but thou shalt utterly destroy them, and utterly shatter their statues.

25 And ye shall serve Jehovah your God; and he shall bless thy bread and thy water; and I will take sickness away from thy midst.

26 There shall nothing cast their young, nor be barren, in thy land; the number of thy days will I fulfil.

27 I will send my fear before thee, and confound every people to which thou comest, and will make all thine enemies turn their back to thee.

28 And I will send hornets before thee, which shall drive out the Hivite, the Canaanite, and the Hittite, from before thee.

29 I will not drive them out from before thee in one year: lest the land become desolate, and the beast of the field multiply against thee.

30 By little and little I will drive them out from before thee, until thou art fruitful, and possess the land.

31 And I will set thy bounds from the Red Sea even unto the sea of the Philistines, and from the wilderness unto the river; for I will give the inhabitants of the land into your hand, that thou mayest dispossess them from before thee.

32 Thou shalt make no covenant with them, nor with their gods.

33 They shall not dwell in thy land, lest they make thee sin against me; for if thou serve their gods, it is sure to be a snare unto thee.

Laws of Justice and Mercy

23 “Do not spread false reports.(A) Do not help a guilty person by being a malicious witness.(B)

“Do not follow the crowd in doing wrong. When you give testimony in a lawsuit, do not pervert justice(C) by siding with the crowd,(D) and do not show favoritism(E) to a poor person in a lawsuit.

“If you come across your enemy’s(F) ox or donkey wandering off, be sure to return it.(G) If you see the donkey(H) of someone who hates you fallen down under its load, do not leave it there; be sure you help them with it.

“Do not deny justice(I) to your poor people in their lawsuits. Have nothing to do with a false charge(J) and do not put an innocent(K) or honest person to death,(L) for I will not acquit the guilty.(M)

“Do not accept a bribe,(N) for a bribe blinds those who see and twists the words of the innocent.

“Do not oppress a foreigner;(O) you yourselves know how it feels to be foreigners, because you were foreigners in Egypt.

Sabbath Laws

10 “For six years you are to sow your fields and harvest the crops, 11 but during the seventh year let the land lie unplowed and unused.(P) Then the poor among your people may get food from it, and the wild animals may eat what is left. Do the same with your vineyard and your olive grove.

12 “Six days do your work,(Q) but on the seventh day do not work, so that your ox and your donkey may rest, and so that the slave born in your household and the foreigner living among you may be refreshed.(R)

13 “Be careful(S) to do everything I have said to you. Do not invoke the names of other gods;(T) do not let them be heard on your lips.(U)

The Three Annual Festivals

14 “Three times(V) a year you are to celebrate a festival to me.

15 “Celebrate the Festival of Unleavened Bread;(W) for seven days eat bread made without yeast, as I commanded you. Do this at the appointed time in the month of Aviv,(X) for in that month you came out of Egypt.

“No one is to appear before me empty-handed.(Y)

16 “Celebrate the Festival of Harvest(Z) with the firstfruits(AA) of the crops you sow in your field.

“Celebrate the Festival of Ingathering(AB) at the end of the year, when you gather in your crops from the field.(AC)

17 “Three times(AD) a year all the men are to appear before the Sovereign Lord.

18 “Do not offer the blood of a sacrifice to me along with anything containing yeast.(AE)

“The fat of my festival offerings must not be kept until morning.(AF)

19 “Bring the best of the firstfruits(AG) of your soil to the house of the Lord your God.

“Do not cook a young goat in its mother’s milk.(AH)

God’s Angel to Prepare the Way

20 “See, I am sending an angel(AI) ahead of you to guard you along the way and to bring you to the place I have prepared.(AJ) 21 Pay attention to him and listen(AK) to what he says. Do not rebel against him; he will not forgive(AL) your rebellion,(AM) since my Name(AN) is in him. 22 If you listen carefully to what he says and do(AO) all that I say, I will be an enemy(AP) to your enemies and will oppose those who oppose you. 23 My angel will go ahead of you and bring you into the land of the Amorites, Hittites, Perizzites, Canaanites, Hivites and Jebusites,(AQ) and I will wipe them out. 24 Do not bow down before their gods or worship(AR) them or follow their practices.(AS) You must demolish(AT) them and break their sacred stones(AU) to pieces. 25 Worship the Lord your God,(AV) and his blessing(AW) will be on your food and water. I will take away sickness(AX) from among you, 26 and none will miscarry or be barren(AY) in your land. I will give you a full life span.(AZ)

27 “I will send my terror(BA) ahead of you and throw into confusion(BB) every nation you encounter. I will make all your enemies turn their backs and run.(BC) 28 I will send the hornet(BD) ahead of you to drive the Hivites, Canaanites and Hittites(BE) out of your way. 29 But I will not drive them out in a single year, because the land would become desolate and the wild animals(BF) too numerous for you. 30 Little by little I will drive them out before you, until you have increased enough to take possession(BG) of the land.

31 “I will establish your borders from the Red Sea[a] to the Mediterranean Sea,[b] and from the desert to the Euphrates River.(BH) I will give into your hands the people who live in the land, and you will drive them out(BI) before you. 32 Do not make a covenant(BJ) with them or with their gods. 33 Do not let them live in your land or they will cause you to sin against me, because the worship of their gods will certainly be a snare(BK) to you.”

Footnotes

  1. Exodus 23:31 Or the Sea of Reeds
  2. Exodus 23:31 Hebrew to the Sea of the Philistines