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모든 것의 때

세상의 모든 일은 다 정한 때와 기한이 있다:

날 때와 죽을 때,
심을 때와 거둘 때,
죽일 때와 치료할 때,
헐 때와 세울 때,
울 때와 웃을 때,
슬퍼할 때와 춤출 때,
돌을 던질 때와 돌을 모을 때,
포옹할 때와 포옹하지 않을 때,
찾을 때와 잃을 때,
간직할 때와 던져 버릴 때,
찢을 때와 꿰맬 때,
침묵을 지킬 때와 말할 때,
사랑할 때와 미워할 때,
전쟁할 때와 평화로울 때가 있다.

사람이 수고하여 실제로 얻는 것이 무엇인가?

10 나는 하나님이 인간에게 지워 주신 무거운 짐을 보았다.

11 하나님은 모든 것을 때를 따라 아름답게 만드시고 [a]사람에게 영원을 사모하는 마음을 주셨다. 그러나 사람은 하나님이 하시는 일을 처음부터 끝까지 이해할 수가 없다.

12 그래서 나는 사람이 사는 동안 기뻐하고 선을 행하는 것보다 나은 것이 아무것도 없으며

13 사람이 먹고 마시며 자기가 수고하는 모든 일에 만족을 느끼는 이것이 하나님의 선물임을 알게 되었다.

14 하나님이 행하시는 모든 일은 영원히 남을 것이다. 거기에는 아무것도 더하거나 제할 수가 없다. 하나님이 이렇게 하시는 목적은 사람이 그를 두려운 마음으로 섬기도록 하기 위해서이다.

15 지금 있는 일도 오래 전에 있었던 일이며 앞으로 일어날 일도 전에 다 있었던 일이다. 이와 같이 하나님은 지나간 일들이 반복해서 일어나게 하신다.

세상의 부정을 개탄함

16 내가 보니 이 세상에는 잘못된 것이 많이 있다. 법정에도 악이 있고 반드시 정의가 실현되어야 하는 곳에도 악이 있다.

17 나는 혼자 이런 생각을 하였다. “하나님은 의로운 자와 악인을 다 같이 심판하실 것이다. 이것은 모든 일과 사건이 일어날 때가 있기 때문이다.”

18 나는 또 사람이 짐승과 다를 것이 없다는 것을 깨닫게 하려고 하나님이 인간을 시험하시는 사실도 알게 되었다.

19 결국 사람이나 짐승에게는 같은 운명이 기다리고 있다. 이것이 죽으면 저것도 죽는다. 사람과 짐승은 다 같이 호흡하는 동물일 뿐 사람이 짐승보다 나은 것이 없으니 모든 것이 헛될 뿐이다.

20 사람과 짐승은 다 같은 곳으로 가게 되는데 모두 흙에서 났으므로 흙으로 돌아간다.

21 사람의 영은 위로 올라가고 짐승의 영은 땅 속으로 내려간다고 누가 입증할 수 있겠는가?

22 그러므로 내가 보기에는 사람이 자기 일에 즐거움을 느끼는 것보다 더 좋은 것은 없으니 이것이 사람의 운명이기 때문이다. 죽은 후의 사건을 볼 수 있도록 사람을 다시 살릴 자가 누구인가?

Footnotes

  1. 3:11 암시됨.

God Has Ordained the Ebb and Flow of Human Activities

For everything there is an appointed time, a time for every matter under heaven:

a time to bear[a] and a time to die;
    a time to plant and a time to root up what is planted;
a time to kill and a time to heal;
    a time to break down and a time to build up;
a time to weep and a time to laugh;
    a time to mourn and a time to dance;
a time to throw away stones and a time to gather stones;
    a time to embrace and a time to refrain from embracing;
a time to seek and a time to lose;
    a time to keep and a time to throw away;
a time to tear and a time to sew;
    a time to be silent and a time to speak;
a time to love and a time to hate;
    a time for war and a time for peace.

What does the worker gain in his toil?

No One Understands God’s Mysterious Plan

10 I have seen the busyness God gives to humans[b] to preoccupy[c] them. 11 He has made everything suitable in its time. He also has put the past[d] in their hearts, yet no one can grasp what God does from the beginning to the end. 12 So I realized that there is nothing better[e] for them than to rejoice and enjoy themselves[f] during their lives. 13 And for anyone to eat and drink, that is, to enjoy the fruit of all his toil,[g] this also is a gift of God.

14 I know everything God does endures forever;
    nothing can be added to it, and nothing can be taken from it,
        for God so acts that humans[h] might stand in awe before him.
15 What is—it already was,
    and what will be—it already is,
        for God will do what he has done.[i]

God’s Mysterious Plan Allows Injustice to Exist in the World

16 I saw something else under the sun: instead of justice there was evil; instead of righteousness there was wickedness. 17 So I said to myself,[j] “God will surely judge the righteous and the wicked, for he has appointed[k] a time of judgment for every deed and every work.”

18 I said to myself concerning humans,[l] “God sifts[m] them in order to show[n] them that they are like beasts.” 19 For the fate of humans[o] and the fate of the beast is the same.[p] The death of the one is like the death of the other, for both are mortal.[q] Man has no advantage over the beast, for both are fleeting. 20 Both go to one place—both came from dust and both return to dust. 21 For no one knows whether the spirit of a human ascends to heaven and whether the spirit of the beast descends to the ground!

22 So I concluded that there is nothing better for a person than to enjoy the fruit of his labor, for this is his lot in life. For no one knows what will happen in the future.[r]

Footnotes

  1. Ecclesiastes 3:2 Or “a time to be born”; MT reads the active form “to bear children
  2. Ecclesiastes 3:10 Literally “the sons of the man”
  3. Ecclesiastes 3:10 Or “to be busy”
  4. Ecclesiastes 3:11 Literally “eternity”
  5. Ecclesiastes 3:12 Literally “no good”
  6. Ecclesiastes 3:12 Literally “to rejoice and to do good”
  7. Ecclesiastes 3:13 Literally “to see good in all his toil”
  8. Ecclesiastes 3:14 Or “they”
  9. Ecclesiastes 3:15 Literally “God seeks what is pursued”
  10. Ecclesiastes 3:17 Literally “in my heart”
  11. Ecclesiastes 3:17 The MT reads שָׁם “there,” but repointing to שָׂם, “he has appointed,” makes better sense
  12. Ecclesiastes 3:18 Literally “the sons of the man”
  13. Ecclesiastes 3:18 Or “tests”
  14. Ecclesiastes 3:18 The MT reads active “to see,” but causative “to show” is reflected by LXX, Syriac Peshitta, and Latin Vulgate
  15. Ecclesiastes 3:19 Literally “the sons of the man”
  16. Ecclesiastes 3:19 Literally “is one”
  17. Ecclesiastes 3:19 Literally “and one breath is for all”
  18. Ecclesiastes 3:22 Literally “For who can bring him to see in what will be after him?”

A Time for Everything

There is a time(A) for everything,
    and a season for every activity under the heavens:

    a time to be born and a time to die,
    a time to plant and a time to uproot,(B)
    a time to kill(C) and a time to heal,
    a time to tear down and a time to build,
    a time to weep and a time to laugh,
    a time to mourn and a time to dance,
    a time to scatter stones and a time to gather them,
    a time to embrace and a time to refrain from embracing,
    a time to search and a time to give up,
    a time to keep and a time to throw away,
    a time to tear and a time to mend,
    a time to be silent(D) and a time to speak,
    a time to love and a time to hate,
    a time for war and a time for peace.

What do workers gain from their toil?(E) 10 I have seen the burden God has laid on the human race.(F) 11 He has made everything beautiful in its time.(G) He has also set eternity in the human heart; yet[a] no one can fathom(H) what God has done from beginning to end.(I) 12 I know that there is nothing better for people than to be happy and to do good while they live. 13 That each of them may eat and drink,(J) and find satisfaction(K) in all their toil—this is the gift of God.(L) 14 I know that everything God does will endure forever; nothing can be added to it and nothing taken from it. God does it so that people will fear him.(M)

15 Whatever is has already been,(N)
    and what will be has been before;(O)
    and God will call the past to account.[b]

16 And I saw something else under the sun:

In the place of judgment—wickedness was there,
    in the place of justice—wickedness was there.

17 I said to myself,

“God will bring into judgment(P)
    both the righteous and the wicked,
for there will be a time for every activity,
    a time to judge every deed.”(Q)

18 I also said to myself, “As for humans, God tests them so that they may see that they are like the animals.(R) 19 Surely the fate of human beings(S) is like that of the animals; the same fate awaits them both: As one dies, so dies the other. All have the same breath[c]; humans have no advantage over animals. Everything is meaningless. 20 All go to the same place; all come from dust, and to dust all return.(T) 21 Who knows if the human spirit rises upward(U) and if the spirit of the animal goes down into the earth?”

22 So I saw that there is nothing better for a person than to enjoy their work,(V) because that is their lot.(W) For who can bring them to see what will happen after them?

Footnotes

  1. Ecclesiastes 3:11 Or also placed ignorance in the human heart, so that
  2. Ecclesiastes 3:15 Or God calls back the past
  3. Ecclesiastes 3:19 Or spirit

To every thing there is a season, and a time to every purpose under the heaven:

A time to be born, and a time to die; a time to plant, and a time to pluck up that which is planted;

A time to kill, and a time to heal; a time to break down, and a time to build up;

A time to weep, and a time to laugh; a time to mourn, and a time to dance;

A time to cast away stones, and a time to gather stones together; a time to embrace, and a time to refrain from embracing;

A time to get, and a time to lose; a time to keep, and a time to cast away;

A time to rend, and a time to sew; a time to keep silence, and a time to speak;

A time to love, and a time to hate; a time of war, and a time of peace.

What profit hath he that worketh in that wherein he laboureth?

10 I have seen the travail, which God hath given to the sons of men to be exercised in it.

11 He hath made every thing beautiful in his time: also he hath set the world in their heart, so that no man can find out the work that God maketh from the beginning to the end.

12 I know that there is no good in them, but for a man to rejoice, and to do good in his life.

13 And also that every man should eat and drink, and enjoy the good of all his labour, it is the gift of God.

14 I know that, whatsoever God doeth, it shall be for ever: nothing can be put to it, nor any thing taken from it: and God doeth it, that men should fear before him.

15 That which hath been is now; and that which is to be hath already been; and God requireth that which is past.

16 And moreover I saw under the sun the place of judgment, that wickedness was there; and the place of righteousness, that iniquity was there.

17 I said in mine heart, God shall judge the righteous and the wicked: for there is a time there for every purpose and for every work.

18 I said in mine heart concerning the estate of the sons of men, that God might manifest them, and that they might see that they themselves are beasts.

19 For that which befalleth the sons of men befalleth beasts; even one thing befalleth them: as the one dieth, so dieth the other; yea, they have all one breath; so that a man hath no preeminence above a beast: for all is vanity.

20 All go unto one place; all are of the dust, and all turn to dust again.

21 Who knoweth the spirit of man that goeth upward, and the spirit of the beast that goeth downward to the earth?

22 Wherefore I perceive that there is nothing better, than that a man should rejoice in his own works; for that is his portion: for who shall bring him to see what shall be after him?