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70년의 포로 생활을 예언함

25 요시야의 아들인 유다의 여호야김왕 4년, 곧 바빌로니아의 느부갓네 살왕 원년에 여호와께서 예레미야에게 모든 유다 백성에 관하여 말씀하셨다.

그래서 예언자 예레미야는 모든 유다 백성과 예루살렘 주민들에게 이렇게 말하였다.

“아몬의 아들인 유다의 요시야왕 13년부터 지금까지 23년 동안 여호와께서 나에게 말씀을 주셨으므로 내가 그것을 부지런히 전하였으나 여러분은 듣지 않았습니다.

여호와께서 그의 종 예언자들을 여러분에게 끊임없이 보내셨지만 여러분은 귀를 기울여 들으려고 하지 않았습니다.

그들은 여호와의 말씀을 이렇게 전했습니다. ‘너희는 모두 악한 길과 악한 행동에서 돌아서라. 그러면 나 여호와가 너희와 너희 조상들에게 영원히 준 그 땅에서 너희가 계속 살 수 있을 것이다.

너희는 다른 신을 좇아 섬기거나 숭배하지 말며 너희가 손으로 만든 우상을 섬겨 나를 노하게 하지 말아라. 그러면 내가 너희를 벌하지 않을 것이다.’

“그러나 여호와께서는 여러분이 그의 말씀을 듣지 않고 여러분의 손으로 만든 우상으로 그를 노엽게 하여 스스로 화를 불러들였다고 말씀하셨습니다.

그러므로 전능하신 여호와께서 이렇게 말씀하셨습니다. ‘너희가 내 말을 듣지 않았으므로

내가 모든 북쪽 민족들과 나의 종인 바빌로니아의 느부갓네살왕을 불러다가 이 땅과 그 백성과 주변의 모든 인접국들을 쳐서 완전히 없애 버리고 그들이 놀람과 조소의 대상이 되게 하며 그 땅을 영영 폐허가 되게 할 것이다.

10 내가 또 그들에게서 기뻐하고 즐거워하는 소리와 신랑 신부의 소리와 맷돌소리와 등불 빛이 사라지게 할 것이니

11 이 온 땅이 황폐해지고 온 세상이 그 폐허를 보고 놀랄 것이며 이스라엘과 그 인접국들은 70년 동안 바빌로니아 왕을 섬길 것이다.

12 70년이 지난 후에 내가 바빌로니아 왕과 그 백성을 그들의 죄에 대하여 벌하고 그 땅을 영원히 황폐하게 하며

13 내가 바빌로니아에 대하여 선언한 모든 것, 곧 예레미야가 여러 나라에 대하여 예언하고 이 책에 기록한 모든 재앙을 그 땅에 내리겠다.

14 많은 나라와 대왕들이 그들을 노예로 삼을 것이다. 그들이 내 백성에게 행한 것만큼 내가 그들에게 갚아 주겠다.’ ”

여러 나라에 대한 심판

15 이스라엘의 하나님 여호와께서 나에게 말씀하셨다. “너는 내 손에서 나의 분노로 가득 찬 이 잔을 받아 가지고 내가 너를 보내는 모든 나라로 마시게 하라.

16 그들은 이것을 마시고 비틀거리며 미치게 될 것이다. 이것은 내가 그들 가운데 전쟁을 일으킬 것이기 때문이다.”

17 그래서 나는 여호와의 손에서 그 잔을 받아 가지고 여호와께서 나를 보내신 모든 나라로 마시게 하였다.

18 내가 예루살렘과 유다 성들과 그 왕들과 신하들에게 그 잔을 마시게 하였으므로 그들이 오늘날과 같이 파멸하여 두려움과 조소와 저주의 대상이 되었다.

19 이 밖에 그 잔을 마시게 될 사람들과 나라는 이집트의 바로 왕과 그의 신하들과 지도자들과 그의 모든 백성들과

20 그 땅에 사는 모든 외국인들, 우스의 모든 왕들, 블레셋 사람의 땅에 있는 모든 왕들과 그들의 땅인 아스글론과 가사와 에그론 사람들과 아스돗의 남은 사람들,

21 에돔과 모압과 암몬 자손들,

22 두로와 시돈의 모든 왕들, 지중해 연안 지역의 모든 왕들,

23 드단과 데마와 부스, 옆 머리를 잘라낸 모든 사람들,

24 아라비아의 모든 왕들과 사막에서 사는 유목 민족들의 모든 왕들,

25 시므리와 엘람과 메디아의 모든 왕들,

26 그리고 북쪽 원근 지역의 모든 왕들이다. 지상의 모든 왕들이 그 잔을 마시게 될 것이며 제일 마지막으로 [a]바빌로니아 왕이 그 잔을 마실 것이다.

27 여호와께서 나에게 말씀하셨다. “너는 전능한 나 여호와 이스라엘의 하나님이 그들에게 이렇게 말한다고 일러 주어라. ‘너희는 취하고 토하며 쓰러져 다시 일어나지 못할 때까지 내 분노의 잔을 마셔라. 내가 너희 가운데 무서운 전쟁을 일으키겠다.’

28 “그러나 만일 그들이 네 손에서 잔을 받아 마시기를 거절하면 너는 그들에게 말하라: 전능하신 여호와께서 이렇게 말씀하셨다. ‘너희는 그 잔을 마셔야 한다.

29 내가 내 백성이 사는 성에서부터 먼저 재앙을 내리기 시작했는데 너희가 형벌을 면할 수 있겠느냐? 너희는 형벌을 면할 수 없을 것이다. 이것은 내가 지상에 사는 모든 사람들에게 전쟁을 일으켜 그들을 칠 것이기 때문이다. 이것은 전능한 나 여호와의 말이다.’

30 “그러므로 너는 그들에게 내가 말한 모든 것을 예언하고 또 그들에게 이렇게 말하라. ‘여호와께서 높은 데서 외치시며 그의 거룩한 처소에서 소리를 높이시고 자기 백성을 향하여 큰 소리를 지르시며 지상에 사는 모든 사람들에게 포도를 밟는 자처럼 외치실 것이다.

31 요란한 소리가 땅 끝까지 울려 퍼질 것이니 이것은 여호와께서 세상 나라들과 다투시고 온 인류를 심판하시며 악인들을 죽이실 것이기 때문이다.’ ”

32 전능하신 여호와께서는 재앙이 이 나라에서 저 나라로 번질 것이며 태풍이 땅 끝에서 일어날 것이라고 말씀하셨다.

33 그 날에 여호와에게 죽음을 당한 자들의 시체가 땅 이 끝에서 저 끝까지 즐비하게 흩어져 있을 것이며 그들을 위해 슬퍼하거나 그들의 시체를 싸서 묻어 주는 자가 없어 그 시체들이 땅바닥에 흩어져 있는 거름더미 같을 것이다.

34 너희 목자들아, 슬퍼하고 통곡하라. 너희 지도자들아, 잿더미에서 뒹굴어라. 너희가 무참하게 죽음을 당할 날이 왔다. 너희는 귀한 그릇이 떨어져 깨어지듯 박살이 나고 말 것이다.

35 너희가 피할 곳은 아무 데도 없다.

36 목자들이 울부짖는 소리를 들어 보아라. 지도자들이 통곡하는 소리를 들어 보아라. 여호와께서 그들의 목장을 황폐하게 하셨다.

37 여호와의 분노로 평화로운 목장이 황폐해졌구나.

38 그가 사자처럼 숨어 있던 곳에서 나오셨다. 무서운 전쟁과 여호와의 맹렬한 분노로 그들의 땅이 황폐해졌구나.

Footnotes

  1. 25:26 히 ‘세삭 왕’

Seventy Years of Desolation

25 The word that came to Jeremiah concerning all the people of Judah, (A)in the fourth year of (B)Jehoiakim the son of Josiah, king of Judah (which was the first year of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon), which Jeremiah the prophet spoke to all the people of Judah and to all the inhabitants of Jerusalem, saying: (C)“From the thirteenth year of Josiah the son of Amon, king of Judah, even to this day, this is the twenty-third year in which the word of the Lord has come to me; and I have spoken to you, rising early and speaking, (D)but you have not listened. And the Lord has sent to you all His servants the prophets, (E)rising early and sending them, but you have not listened nor inclined your ear to hear. They said, (F)‘Repent now everyone of his evil way and his evil doings, and dwell in the land that the Lord has given to you and your fathers forever and ever. Do not go after other gods to serve them and worship them, and do not provoke Me to anger with the works of your hands; and I will not harm you.’ Yet you have not listened to Me,” says the Lord, “that you might (G)provoke Me to anger with the works of your hands to your own hurt.

“Therefore thus says the Lord of hosts: ‘Because you have not heard My words, behold, I will send and take (H)all the families of the north,’ says the Lord, ‘and Nebuchadnezzar the king of Babylon, (I)My servant, and will bring them against this land, against its inhabitants, and against these nations all around, and will utterly destroy them, and (J)make them an astonishment, a hissing, and perpetual desolations. 10 Moreover I will [a]take from them the (K)voice of mirth and the voice of gladness, the voice of the bridegroom and the voice of the bride, (L)the sound of the millstones and the light of the lamp. 11 And this whole land shall be a desolation and an astonishment, and these nations shall serve the king of Babylon seventy (M)years.

12 ‘Then it will come to pass, (N)when [b]seventy years are completed, that I will punish the king of Babylon and that nation, the land of the Chaldeans, for their iniquity,’ says the Lord; (O)‘and I will make it a perpetual desolation. 13 So I will bring on that land all My words which I have pronounced against it, all that is written in this book, which Jeremiah has prophesied concerning all the nations. 14 (P)(For many nations (Q)and great kings shall (R)be served by them also; (S)and I will repay them according to their deeds and according to the works of their own hands.)’ ”

Judgment on the Nations

15 For thus says the Lord God of Israel to me: “Take this (T)wine cup of [c]fury from My hand, and cause all the nations, to whom I send you, to drink it. 16 And (U)they will drink and stagger and go mad because of the sword that I will send among them.”

17 Then I took the cup from the Lord’s hand, and made all the nations drink, to whom the Lord had sent me: 18 Jerusalem and the cities of Judah, its kings and its princes, to make them (V)a desolation, an astonishment, a hissing, and (W)a curse, as it is this day; 19 Pharaoh king of Egypt, his servants, his princes, and all his people; 20 all the mixed multitude, all the kings of (X)the land of Uz, all the kings of the land of the (Y)Philistines (namely, Ashkelon, Gaza, Ekron, and (Z)the remnant of Ashdod); 21 (AA)Edom, Moab, and the people of Ammon; 22 all the kings of (AB)Tyre, all the kings of Sidon, and the kings of the coastlands which are across the (AC)sea; 23 (AD)Dedan, Tema, Buz, and all who are in the farthest corners; 24 all the kings of Arabia and all the kings of the (AE)mixed multitude who dwell in the desert; 25 all the kings of Zimri, all the kings of (AF)Elam, and all the kings of the (AG)Medes; 26 (AH)all the kings of the north, far and near, one with another; and all the kingdoms of the world which are on the face of the earth. Also the king of [d]Sheshach shall drink after them.

27 “Therefore you shall say to them, ‘Thus says the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel: (AI)“Drink, (AJ)be drunk, and vomit! Fall and rise no more, because of the sword which I will send among you.” ’ 28 And it shall be, if they refuse to take the cup from your hand to drink, then you shall say to them, ‘Thus says the Lord of hosts: “You shall certainly drink! 29 For behold, (AK)I begin to bring calamity on the city (AL)which is called by My name, and should you be utterly unpunished? You shall not be unpunished, for (AM)I will call for a sword on all the inhabitants of the earth,” says the Lord of hosts.’

30 “Therefore prophesy against them all these words, and say to them:

‘The Lord will (AN)roar from on high,
And utter His voice from (AO)His holy habitation;
He will roar mightily against (AP)His fold.
He will give (AQ)a shout, as those who tread the grapes,
Against all the inhabitants of the earth.
31 A noise will come to the ends of the earth—
For the Lord has (AR)a controversy with the nations;
(AS)He will plead His case with all flesh.
He will give those who are wicked to the sword,’ says the Lord.”

32 Thus says the Lord of hosts:

“Behold, disaster shall go forth
From nation to nation,
And (AT)a great whirlwind shall be raised up
From the farthest parts of the earth.

33 (AU)And at that day the slain of the Lord shall be from one end of the earth even to the other end of the earth. They shall not be (AV)lamented, (AW)or gathered, or buried; they shall become refuse on the ground.

34 “Wail,(AX) shepherds, and cry!
Roll about in the ashes,
You leaders of the flock!
For the days of your slaughter and your dispersions are fulfilled;
You shall fall like a precious vessel.
35 And the shepherds will have no [e]way to flee,
Nor the leaders of the flock to escape.
36 A voice of the cry of the shepherds,
And a wailing of the leaders to the flock will be heard.
For the Lord has plundered their pasture,
37 And the peaceful dwellings are cut down
Because of the fierce anger of the Lord.
38 He has left His lair like the lion;
For their land is desolate
Because of the fierceness of the Oppressor,
And because of His fierce anger.”

Footnotes

  1. Jeremiah 25:10 Lit. cause to perish from them
  2. Jeremiah 25:12 Beginning circa 605 b.c. (2 Kin. 24:1) and ending circa 536 b.c. (Ezra 1:1)
  3. Jeremiah 25:15 wrath
  4. Jeremiah 25:26 A code word for Babylon, Jer. 51:41
  5. Jeremiah 25:35 Or refuge

25 The word that came to Jeremiah concerning all the people of Judah in the fourth year of Jehoiakim the son of Josiah king of Judah, that was the first year of Nebuchadrezzar king of Babylon;

The which Jeremiah the prophet spake unto all the people of Judah, and to all the inhabitants of Jerusalem, saying,

From the thirteenth year of Josiah the son of Amon king of Judah, even unto this day, that is the three and twentieth year, the word of the Lord hath come unto me, and I have spoken unto you, rising early and speaking; but ye have not hearkened.

And the Lord hath sent unto you all his servants the prophets, rising early and sending them; but ye have not hearkened, nor inclined your ear to hear.

They said, Turn ye again now every one from his evil way, and from the evil of your doings, and dwell in the land that the Lord hath given unto you and to your fathers for ever and ever:

And go not after other gods to serve them, and to worship them, and provoke me not to anger with the works of your hands; and I will do you no hurt.

Yet ye have not hearkened unto me, saith the Lord; that ye might provoke me to anger with the works of your hands to your own hurt.

Therefore thus saith the Lord of hosts; Because ye have not heard my words,

Behold, I will send and take all the families of the north, saith the Lord, and Nebuchadrezzar the king of Babylon, my servant, and will bring them against this land, and against the inhabitants thereof, and against all these nations round about, and will utterly destroy them, and make them an astonishment, and an hissing, and perpetual desolations.

10 Moreover I will take from them the voice of mirth, and the voice of gladness, the voice of the bridegroom, and the voice of the bride, the sound of the millstones, and the light of the candle.

11 And this whole land shall be a desolation, and an astonishment; and these nations shall serve the king of Babylon seventy years.

12 And it shall come to pass, when seventy years are accomplished, that I will punish the king of Babylon, and that nation, saith the Lord, for their iniquity, and the land of the Chaldeans, and will make it perpetual desolations.

13 And I will bring upon that land all my words which I have pronounced against it, even all that is written in this book, which Jeremiah hath prophesied against all the nations.

14 For many nations and great kings shall serve themselves of them also: and I will recompense them according to their deeds, and according to the works of their own hands.

15 For thus saith the Lord God of Israel unto me; Take the wine cup of this fury at my hand, and cause all the nations, to whom I send thee, to drink it.

16 And they shall drink, and be moved, and be mad, because of the sword that I will send among them.

17 Then took I the cup at the Lord's hand, and made all the nations to drink, unto whom the Lord had sent me:

18 To wit, Jerusalem, and the cities of Judah, and the kings thereof, and the princes thereof, to make them a desolation, an astonishment, an hissing, and a curse; as it is this day;

19 Pharaoh king of Egypt, and his servants, and his princes, and all his people;

20 And all the mingled people, and all the kings of the land of Uz, and all the kings of the land of the Philistines, and Ashkelon, and Azzah, and Ekron, and the remnant of Ashdod,

21 Edom, and Moab, and the children of Ammon,

22 And all the kings of Tyrus, and all the kings of Zidon, and the kings of the isles which are beyond the sea,

23 Dedan, and Tema, and Buz, and all that are in the utmost corners,

24 And all the kings of Arabia, and all the kings of the mingled people that dwell in the desert,

25 And all the kings of Zimri, and all the kings of Elam, and all the kings of the Medes,

26 And all the kings of the north, far and near, one with another, and all the kingdoms of the world, which are upon the face of the earth: and the king of Sheshach shall drink after them.

27 Therefore thou shalt say unto them, Thus saith the Lord of hosts, the God of Israel; Drink ye, and be drunken, and spue, and fall, and rise no more, because of the sword which I will send among you.

28 And it shall be, if they refuse to take the cup at thine hand to drink, then shalt thou say unto them, Thus saith the Lord of hosts; Ye shall certainly drink.

29 For, lo, I begin to bring evil on the city which is called by my name, and should ye be utterly unpunished? Ye shall not be unpunished: for I will call for a sword upon all the inhabitants of the earth, saith the Lord of hosts.

30 Therefore prophesy thou against them all these words, and say unto them, The Lord shall roar from on high, and utter his voice from his holy habitation; he shall mightily roar upon his habitation; he shall give a shout, as they that tread the grapes, against all the inhabitants of the earth.

31 A noise shall come even to the ends of the earth; for the Lord hath a controversy with the nations, he will plead with all flesh; he will give them that are wicked to the sword, saith the Lord.

32 Thus saith the Lord of hosts, Behold, evil shall go forth from nation to nation, and a great whirlwind shall be raised up from the coasts of the earth.

33 And the slain of the Lord shall be at that day from one end of the earth even unto the other end of the earth: they shall not be lamented, neither gathered, nor buried; they shall be dung upon the ground.

34 Howl, ye shepherds, and cry; and wallow yourselves in the ashes, ye principal of the flock: for the days of your slaughter and of your dispersions are accomplished; and ye shall fall like a pleasant vessel.

35 And the shepherds shall have no way to flee, nor the principal of the flock to escape.

36 A voice of the cry of the shepherds, and an howling of the principal of the flock, shall be heard: for the Lord hath spoiled their pasture.

37 And the peaceable habitations are cut down because of the fierce anger of the Lord.

38 He hath forsaken his covert, as the lion: for their land is desolate because of the fierceness of the oppressor, and because of his fierce anger.

Seventy Years of Captivity

25 The word came to Jeremiah concerning all the people of Judah in the fourth year of Jehoiakim(A) son of Josiah king of Judah, which was the first year of Nebuchadnezzar(B) king of Babylon. So Jeremiah the prophet said to all the people of Judah(C) and to all those living in Jerusalem: For twenty-three years—from the thirteenth year of Josiah(D) son of Amon king of Judah until this very day—the word of the Lord has come to me and I have spoken to you again and again,(E) but you have not listened.(F)

And though the Lord has sent all his servants the prophets(G) to you again and again, you have not listened or paid any attention.(H) They said, “Turn(I) now, each of you, from your evil ways and your evil practices, and you can stay in the land(J) the Lord gave to you and your ancestors for ever and ever. Do not follow other gods(K) to serve and worship them; do not arouse my anger with what your hands have made. Then I will not harm you.”

“But you did not listen to me,” declares the Lord, “and you have aroused(L) my anger with what your hands have made,(M) and you have brought harm(N) to yourselves.”

Therefore the Lord Almighty says this: “Because you have not listened to my words, I will summon(O) all the peoples of the north(P) and my servant(Q) Nebuchadnezzar(R) king of Babylon,” declares the Lord, “and I will bring them against this land and its inhabitants and against all the surrounding nations. I will completely destroy[a](S) them and make them an object of horror and scorn,(T) and an everlasting ruin.(U) 10 I will banish from them the sounds(V) of joy and gladness, the voices of bride and bridegroom,(W) the sound of millstones(X) and the light of the lamp.(Y) 11 This whole country will become a desolate wasteland,(Z) and these nations will serve(AA) the king of Babylon seventy years.(AB)

12 “But when the seventy years(AC) are fulfilled, I will punish the king of Babylon(AD) and his nation, the land of the Babylonians,[b] for their guilt,” declares the Lord, “and will make it desolate(AE) forever. 13 I will bring on that land all the things I have spoken against it, all that are written(AF) in this book and prophesied by Jeremiah against all the nations. 14 They themselves will be enslaved(AG) by many nations(AH) and great kings; I will repay(AI) them according to their deeds and the work of their hands.”

The Cup of God’s Wrath

15 This is what the Lord, the God of Israel, said to me: “Take from my hand this cup(AJ) filled with the wine of my wrath and make all the nations to whom I send(AK) you drink it. 16 When they drink(AL) it, they will stagger(AM) and go mad(AN) because of the sword(AO) I will send among them.”

17 So I took the cup from the Lord’s hand and made all the nations to whom he sent(AP) me drink it: 18 Jerusalem(AQ) and the towns of Judah, its kings and officials, to make them a ruin(AR) and an object of horror and scorn,(AS) a curse[c](AT)—as they are today;(AU) 19 Pharaoh king(AV) of Egypt,(AW) his attendants, his officials and all his people, 20 and all the foreign people there; all the kings of Uz;(AX) all the kings of the Philistines(AY) (those of Ashkelon,(AZ) Gaza,(BA) Ekron, and the people left at Ashdod); 21 Edom,(BB) Moab(BC) and Ammon;(BD) 22 all the kings of Tyre(BE) and Sidon;(BF) the kings of the coastlands(BG) across the sea; 23 Dedan,(BH) Tema,(BI) Buz(BJ) and all who are in distant places[d];(BK) 24 all the kings of Arabia(BL) and all the kings of the foreign people(BM) who live in the wilderness; 25 all the kings of Zimri,(BN) Elam(BO) and Media;(BP) 26 and all the kings of the north,(BQ) near and far, one after the other—all the kingdoms(BR) on the face of the earth. And after all of them, the king of Sheshak[e](BS) will drink it too.

27 “Then tell them, ‘This is what the Lord Almighty, the God of Israel, says: Drink, get drunk(BT) and vomit, and fall to rise no more because of the sword(BU) I will send among you.’ 28 But if they refuse to take the cup from your hand and drink(BV), tell them, ‘This is what the Lord Almighty says: You must drink it! 29 See, I am beginning to bring disaster(BW) on the city that bears my Name,(BX) and will you indeed go unpunished?(BY) You will not go unpunished, for I am calling down a sword(BZ) on all(CA) who live on the earth,(CB) declares the Lord Almighty.’

30 “Now prophesy all these words against them and say to them:

“‘The Lord will roar(CC) from on high;
    he will thunder(CD) from his holy dwelling(CE)
    and roar mightily against his land.
He will shout like those who tread(CF) the grapes,
    shout against all who live on the earth.
31 The tumult(CG) will resound to the ends of the earth,
    for the Lord will bring charges(CH) against the nations;
he will bring judgment(CI) on all(CJ) mankind
    and put the wicked to the sword,(CK)’”
declares the Lord.

32 This is what the Lord Almighty says:

“Look! Disaster(CL) is spreading
    from nation to nation;(CM)
a mighty storm(CN) is rising
    from the ends of the earth.”(CO)

33 At that time those slain(CP) by the Lord will be everywhere—from one end of the earth to the other. They will not be mourned or gathered(CQ) up or buried,(CR) but will be like dung lying on the ground.

34 Weep and wail, you shepherds;(CS)
    roll(CT) in the dust, you leaders of the flock.
For your time to be slaughtered(CU) has come;
    you will fall like the best of the rams.[f](CV)
35 The shepherds will have nowhere to flee,
    the leaders of the flock no place to escape.(CW)
36 Hear the cry(CX) of the shepherds,(CY)
    the wailing of the leaders of the flock,
    for the Lord is destroying their pasture.
37 The peaceful meadows will be laid waste
    because of the fierce anger of the Lord.
38 Like a lion(CZ) he will leave his lair,
    and their land will become desolate(DA)
because of the sword[g] of the oppressor(DB)
    and because of the Lord’s fierce anger.(DC)

Footnotes

  1. Jeremiah 25:9 The Hebrew term refers to the irrevocable giving over of things or persons to the Lord, often by totally destroying them.
  2. Jeremiah 25:12 Or Chaldeans
  3. Jeremiah 25:18 That is, their names to be used in cursing (see 29:22); or, to be seen by others as cursed
  4. Jeremiah 25:23 Or who clip the hair by their foreheads
  5. Jeremiah 25:26 Sheshak is a cryptogram for Babylon.
  6. Jeremiah 25:34 Septuagint; Hebrew fall and be shattered like fine pottery
  7. Jeremiah 25:38 Some Hebrew manuscripts and Septuagint (see also 46:16 and 50:16); most Hebrew manuscripts anger