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기브온 사람들이 여호수아를 속이다

요단 강 서쪽에 살고 있는 민족의 모든 왕들이 이 소식을 들었다. 그들은 산간지방과 구릉지대[a]와 레바논에 이르는 지중해 연안에 사는 헷 사람과 아모리 사람과 가나안 사람과 브리스 사람과 히위 사람과 여부스 사람의 왕들이었다. 이들이 여호수아와 이스라엘에 맞서 싸우려고 함께 모였다.

기브온 사람들도 여호수아가 여리고 성과 아이 성에서 한 일을 모두 듣고는 속임수를 쓰기로 하였다. 그들은 멀리서 온 사절단처럼, 낡은 자루와 해어지고 터져서 기운 가죽 포도주 부대를 나귀에 싣고 여호수아를 찾아갔다. 그들은 낡아서 여기저기 기운 신발을 신고 낡은 옷을 입었다. 그들이 식량으로 가지고 간 빵은 모두 마르고 곰팡이 난 것이었다. 그들은 길갈에 있는 진으로 여호수아를 찾아가서 여호수아와 이스라엘 사람들에게 말하였다. “우리는 아주 먼 곳에서 왔습니다. 우리와 조약을 맺어 주십시오.”

이스라엘 사람들이 히위 사람들에게 말하였다. “아마도 당신들은 우리 가까이에 사는 사람들 같습니다. 그렇다면 우리가 어떻게 당신들과 조약을 맺을 수 있겠소?”

히위 사람들이 여호수아에게 말하였다. “우리는 어르신의 종입니다.”

그러나 여호수아가 이렇게 물었다. “당신들은 누구이며 어디에서 왔소?”

히위 사람들이 대답하였다. “어르신의 종들은 주 어르신의 하나님의 명성을 듣고 아주 먼 곳에서 왔습니다. 우리는 그분께서 이집트에서 하신 모든 일에 대해 들었습니다. 10 그리고 요단 강 동쪽에 있던 아모리 사람의 두 왕, 곧 헤스본 왕 시혼과 아스다롯 지역을 다스리던 바산 왕 옥에게 하신 일에 대해서도 들었습니다. 11 그리하여 우리의 지도자들과 백성들은 우리에게 이렇게 말하였습니다. ‘가는 동안 길에서 먹을 양식을 준비해 가지고 그들을 찾아가 이렇게 말하시오. “우리는 어르신들의 종입니다. 우리와 조약을 맺어 주십시오.”’ 12 여기 있는 이 빵을 좀 보십시오. 우리가 어르신네를 찾아오려고 떠나오던 날, 집에서 이 빵을 쌀 때까지만 해도 따뜻하던 빵입니다. 그러나 이제는 말라 빠진데다 곰팡이까지 난 것 좀 보십시오. 13 그리고 우리가 포도주를 담은 이 가죽 포도주 부대들도 새 것이었습니다. 그러나 보시는 바와 같이 지금은 이렇게 낡아서 찢어졌습니다. 우리의 옷과 신발도 먼 길을 오다 보니 이렇게 낡아서 해어지고 말았습니다.”

14 이스라엘 사람들은 그들이 가져 온 빵을 먹어 보기까지 하였다. 그러나 하나님께 이 문제에 대하여 어떻게 하여야 할지 여쭙지는 않았다. 15 여호수아는 그들과 평화 조약을 맺고 그들의 목숨을 살려 줄 것을 약속하였다. 그리고 회중의 지도자들도 그 조약을 지키겠다고 엄숙히 맹세하였다.

16 이스라엘 사람들은 기브온 사람들과 조약을 맺은 지 사흘이 지난 뒤에야, 그들이 가까운 이웃이고 자기들 가까이에 사는 사람들이라는 사실을 알게 되었다. 17 그래서 이스라엘 사람들은 그들이 살고 있는 지역으로 직접 가 보았다. 이스라엘 사람들은 떠난 지 사흘 째 되는 날에 그들이 살고 있는 여러 성읍에 이르렀다. 그 성읍들은 기브온과 그비라와 브에롯과 기럇여아림이었다. 18 그러나 이스라엘 백성은 그들을 공격하지 않았다. 이스라엘의 지도자들이 하나님의 이름으로 그곳 사람들에게 맹세하였기 때문이다. 그래서 이스라엘 온 회중이 지도자들에게 투덜거렸다. 19 그러나 이스라엘의 모든 지도자들이 이와 같이 말하였다. “우리가 주 이스라엘의 하나님의 이름을 걸고 그들에게 맹세하였으므로 우리는 그들을 해칠 수 없다. 20 우리는 그들을 살려 두어야 한다. 그렇게 하지 않으면 우리가 그들에게 한 맹세 때문에 하나님의 진노가 우리 위에 내릴 것이다.” 21 그들은 이어서 말하였다. “우리는 그들을 살려 주어야 한다.” 그리하여 지도자들이 기브온 사람들에게 약속한 대로, 그들은 살아서 이스라엘 온 회중을 위하여 나무 패는 자와 물 긷는 자가 되었다.

22 그런 다음 여호수아가 기브온 사람들을 불러서 말하였다. “너희는 우리 가까이에 살면서 어찌하여 ‘우리는 아주 먼 곳에서 왔습니다.’라는 말로 우리를 속였느냐? 23 그러므로 너희는 저주를 받아 너희 가운데 얼마는 언제나 노예로 살 것이다. 노예가 된 자들은 나의 하나님의 집[b] 을 위해 나무패는 자들과 물 긷는 자들이 될 것이다.”

24 기브온 사람들이 대답하였다. “어르신들의 종들은 주 어르신들의 하나님께서 그분의 종 모세에게 명하셨다는 말씀을 분명히 들었습니다. 하나님께서는 모세에게, 온 땅을 여러분 에게 주시고, 이 땅의 모든 주민을 어르신들 앞에서 완전히 쓸어버리라고 명령하셨다는 말을 들었습니다. 그리하여 우리는 어르신들 때문에 목숨을 잃게 될 것이 두려워서 그렇게 하였습니다. 25 이제 우리는 어르신들의 손에 달려 있습니다. 그러니 어르신들께서 옳다고 생각하시는 대로 우리에게 하십시오.”

26 그리하여 여호수아가 기브온 사람들을 살려 주기로 결정하니, 이스라엘 사람들이 그들을 죽이지 못 하였다. 27 바로 그날로 여호수아는 그들을 회중과 하나님의 제단을 위해 나무를 패고 물을 길어 오는 일을 맡게 하였다. 그리하여 그들이 오늘날까지도 하나님께서 택하신 곳에서 그 일을 하고 있는 것이다.

Footnotes

  1. 9:1 구릉지대 산간지방과 지중해 연안 사이에 펼쳐진 지역
  2. 9:23 하나님의 집 ‘하나님의 가족’(이스라엘)을 뜻할 수도 있고 성막이나 성전을 뜻할 수도 있다.

And it came to pass, when all the kings which were on this side Jordan, in the hills, and in the valleys, and in all the coasts of the great sea over against Lebanon, the Hittite, and the Amorite, the Canaanite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite, heard thereof;

That they gathered themselves together, to fight with Joshua and with Israel, with one accord.

And when the inhabitants of Gibeon heard what Joshua had done unto Jericho and to Ai,

They did work wilily, and went and made as if they had been ambassadors, and took old sacks upon their asses, and wine bottles, old, and rent, and bound up;

And old shoes and clouted upon their feet, and old garments upon them; and all the bread of their provision was dry and mouldy.

And they went to Joshua unto the camp at Gilgal, and said unto him, and to the men of Israel, We be come from a far country: now therefore make ye a league with us.

And the men of Israel said unto the Hivites, Peradventure ye dwell among us; and how shall we make a league with you?

And they said unto Joshua, We are thy servants. And Joshua said unto them, Who are ye? and from whence come ye?

And they said unto him, From a very far country thy servants are come because of the name of the Lord thy God: for we have heard the fame of him, and all that he did in Egypt,

10 And all that he did to the two kings of the Amorites, that were beyond Jordan, to Sihon king of Heshbon, and to Og king of Bashan, which was at Ashtaroth.

11 Wherefore our elders and all the inhabitants of our country spake to us, saying, Take victuals with you for the journey, and go to meet them, and say unto them, We are your servants: therefore now make ye a league with us.

12 This our bread we took hot for our provision out of our houses on the day we came forth to go unto you; but now, behold, it is dry, and it is mouldy:

13 And these bottles of wine, which we filled, were new; and, behold, they be rent: and these our garments and our shoes are become old by reason of the very long journey.

14 And the men took of their victuals, and asked not counsel at the mouth of the Lord.

15 And Joshua made peace with them, and made a league with them, to let them live: and the princes of the congregation sware unto them.

16 And it came to pass at the end of three days after they had made a league with them, that they heard that they were their neighbours, and that they dwelt among them.

17 And the children of Israel journeyed, and came unto their cities on the third day. Now their cities were Gibeon, and Chephirah, and Beeroth, and Kirjathjearim.

18 And the children of Israel smote them not, because the princes of the congregation had sworn unto them by the Lord God of Israel. And all the congregation murmured against the princes.

19 But all the princes said unto all the congregation, We have sworn unto them by the Lord God of Israel: now therefore we may not touch them.

20 This we will do to them; we will even let them live, lest wrath be upon us, because of the oath which we sware unto them.

21 And the princes said unto them, Let them live; but let them be hewers of wood and drawers of water unto all the congregation; as the princes had promised them.

22 And Joshua called for them, and he spake unto them, saying, Wherefore have ye beguiled us, saying, We are very far from you; when ye dwell among us?

23 Now therefore ye are cursed, and there shall none of you be freed from being bondmen, and hewers of wood and drawers of water for the house of my God.

24 And they answered Joshua, and said, Because it was certainly told thy servants, how that the Lord thy God commanded his servant Moses to give you all the land, and to destroy all the inhabitants of the land from before you, therefore we were sore afraid of our lives because of you, and have done this thing.

25 And now, behold, we are in thine hand: as it seemeth good and right unto thee to do unto us, do.

26 And so did he unto them, and delivered them out of the hand of the children of Israel, that they slew them not.

27 And Joshua made them that day hewers of wood and drawers of water for the congregation, and for the altar of the Lord, even unto this day, in the place which he should choose.

The Gibeonite Deception

Now when all the kings west of the Jordan heard about these things—the kings in the hill country,(A) in the western foothills, and along the entire coast of the Mediterranean Sea(B) as far as Lebanon(C) (the kings of the Hittites, Amorites, Canaanites, Perizzites,(D) Hivites(E) and Jebusites)(F) they came together to wage war against Joshua and Israel.

However, when the people of Gibeon(G) heard what Joshua had done to Jericho and Ai,(H) they resorted to a ruse: They went as a delegation whose donkeys were loaded[a] with worn-out sacks and old wineskins, cracked and mended. They put worn and patched sandals on their feet and wore old clothes. All the bread of their food supply was dry and moldy. Then they went to Joshua in the camp at Gilgal(I) and said to him and the Israelites, “We have come from a distant country;(J) make a treaty(K) with us.”

The Israelites said to the Hivites,(L) “But perhaps you live near us, so how can we make a treaty(M) with you?”

“We are your servants,(N)” they said to Joshua.

But Joshua asked, “Who are you and where do you come from?”

They answered: “Your servants have come from a very distant country(O) because of the fame of the Lord your God. For we have heard reports(P) of him: all that he did in Egypt,(Q) 10 and all that he did to the two kings of the Amorites east of the Jordan—Sihon king of Heshbon,(R) and Og king of Bashan,(S) who reigned in Ashtaroth.(T) 11 And our elders and all those living in our country said to us, ‘Take provisions for your journey; go and meet them and say to them, “We are your servants; make a treaty with us.”’ 12 This bread of ours was warm when we packed it at home on the day we left to come to you. But now see how dry and moldy it is. 13 And these wineskins that we filled were new, but see how cracked they are. And our clothes and sandals are worn out by the very long journey.”

14 The Israelites sampled their provisions but did not inquire(U) of the Lord. 15 Then Joshua made a treaty of peace(V) with them to let them live,(W) and the leaders of the assembly ratified it by oath.

16 Three days after they made the treaty with the Gibeonites, the Israelites heard that they were neighbors, living near(X) them. 17 So the Israelites set out and on the third day came to their cities: Gibeon, Kephirah, Beeroth(Y) and Kiriath Jearim.(Z) 18 But the Israelites did not attack them, because the leaders of the assembly had sworn an oath(AA) to them by the Lord, the God of Israel.

The whole assembly grumbled(AB) against the leaders, 19 but all the leaders answered, “We have given them our oath by the Lord, the God of Israel, and we cannot touch them now. 20 This is what we will do to them: We will let them live, so that God’s wrath will not fall on us for breaking the oath(AC) we swore to them.” 21 They continued, “Let them live,(AD) but let them be woodcutters and water carriers(AE) in the service of the whole assembly.” So the leaders’ promise to them was kept.

22 Then Joshua summoned the Gibeonites and said, “Why did you deceive us by saying, ‘We live a long way(AF) from you,’ while actually you live near(AG) us? 23 You are now under a curse:(AH) You will never be released from service as woodcutters and water carriers for the house of my God.”

24 They answered Joshua, “Your servants were clearly told(AI) how the Lord your God had commanded his servant Moses to give you the whole land and to wipe out all its inhabitants from before you. So we feared for our lives because of you, and that is why we did this. 25 We are now in your hands.(AJ) Do to us whatever seems good and right(AK) to you.”

26 So Joshua saved them from the Israelites, and they did not kill them. 27 That day he made the Gibeonites(AL) woodcutters and water carriers(AM) for the assembly, to provide for the needs of the altar of the Lord at the place the Lord would choose.(AN) And that is what they are to this day.

Footnotes

  1. Joshua 9:4 Most Hebrew manuscripts; some Hebrew manuscripts, Vulgate and Syriac (see also Septuagint) They prepared provisions and loaded their donkeys

The Treaty with the Gibeonites

And it came to pass when (A)all the kings who were on this side of the Jordan, in the hills and in the lowland and in all the coasts of (B)the Great Sea toward Lebanon—(C)the Hittite, the Amorite, the Canaanite, the Perizzite, the Hivite, and the Jebusite—heard about it, that they (D)gathered together to fight with Joshua and Israel with one [a]accord.

But when the inhabitants of (E)Gibeon (F)heard what Joshua had done to Jericho and Ai, they worked craftily, and went and [b]pretended to be ambassadors. And they took old sacks on their donkeys, old wineskins torn and [c]mended, old and patched sandals on their feet, and old garments on themselves; and all the bread of their provision was dry and moldy. And they went to Joshua, (G)to the camp at Gilgal, and said to him and to the men of Israel, “We have come from a far country; now therefore, make a [d]covenant with us.”

Then the men of Israel said to the (H)Hivites, “Perhaps you dwell among us; so (I)how can we make a covenant with you?”

But they said to Joshua, (J)“We are your servants.”

And Joshua said to them, “Who are you, and where do you come from?”

So they said to him: (K)“From a very far country your servants have come, because of the name of the Lord your God; for we have (L)heard of His fame, and all that He did in Egypt, 10 and (M)all that He did to the two kings of the Amorites who were beyond the Jordan—to Sihon king of Heshbon, and Og king of Bashan, who was at Ashtaroth. 11 Therefore our elders and all the inhabitants of our country spoke to us, saying, ‘Take provisions with you for the journey, and go to meet them, and say to them, “We are your servants; now therefore, make a covenant with us.” ’ 12 This bread of ours we took hot for our provision from our houses on the day we departed to come to you. But now look, it is dry and moldy. 13 And these wineskins which we filled were new, and see, they are torn; and these our garments and our sandals have become old because of the very long journey.”

14 Then the men of Israel took some of their provisions; (N)but they [e]did not ask counsel of the Lord. 15 So Joshua (O)made peace with them, and made a covenant with them to let them live; and the rulers of the congregation swore to them.

16 And it happened at the end of three days, after they had made a covenant with them, that they heard that they were their neighbors who dwelt near them. 17 Then the children of Israel journeyed and came to their cities on the third day. Now their cities were (P)Gibeon, Chephirah, Beeroth, and Kirjath Jearim. 18 But the children of Israel did not [f]attack them, (Q)because the rulers of the congregation had sworn to them by the Lord God of Israel. And all the congregation complained against the rulers.

19 Then all the rulers said to all the congregation, “We have sworn to them by the Lord God of Israel; now therefore, we may not touch them. 20 This we will do to them: We will let them live, lest (R)wrath be upon us because of the oath which we swore to them.” 21 And the rulers said to them, “Let them live, but let them be (S)woodcutters and water carriers for all the congregation, as the rulers had (T)promised them.”

22 Then Joshua called for them, and he spoke to them, saying, “Why have you deceived us, saying, (U)‘We are very far from you,’ when (V)you dwell near us? 23 Now therefore, you are (W)cursed, and none of you shall be freed from being slaves—woodcutters and water carriers for the house of my God.”

24 So they answered Joshua and said, “Because your servants were clearly told that the Lord your God (X)commanded His servant Moses to give you all the land, and to destroy all the inhabitants of the land from before you; therefore (Y)we were very much afraid for our lives because of you, and have done this thing. 25 And now, here we are, (Z)in your hands; do with us as it seems good and right to do to us.” 26 So he did to them, and delivered them out of the hand of the children of Israel, so that they did not kill them. 27 And that day Joshua made them (AA)woodcutters and water carriers for the congregation and for the altar of the Lord, (AB)in the place which He would choose, even to this day.

Footnotes

  1. Joshua 9:2 Lit. mouth
  2. Joshua 9:4 acted as envoys
  3. Joshua 9:4 Lit. tied up
  4. Joshua 9:6 treaty
  5. Joshua 9:14 Lit. did not inquire at the mouth of
  6. Joshua 9:18 strike

The Gibeonite Deception

As soon as all the kings who were beyond the Jordan (A)in the hill country and in the lowland all along the coast (B)of the Great Sea toward Lebanon, (C)the Hittites, the Amorites, the Canaanites, the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites, heard of this, they gathered together as one to fight against Joshua and Israel.

But when the inhabitants of (D)Gibeon heard what Joshua had done (E)to Jericho and (F)to Ai, they on their part acted with cunning and went and made ready provisions and took worn-out sacks for their donkeys, and wineskins, worn-out and torn and mended, with worn-out, patched sandals on their feet, and worn-out clothes. And all their provisions were dry and crumbly. And they went to Joshua in (G)the camp at Gilgal and said to him and to the men of Israel, “We have come from a distant country, so now make a covenant with us.” But the men of Israel said to (H)the Hivites, “Perhaps you live among us; then (I)how can we make a covenant with you?” They said to Joshua, (J)“We are your servants.” And Joshua said to them, “Who are you? And where do you come from?” They said to him, (K)“From a very distant country your servants have come, because of the name of the Lord your God. (L)For we have heard a report of him, and all that he did in Egypt, 10 (M)and all that he did to the two kings of the Amorites who were beyond the Jordan, to Sihon the king of Heshbon, and to Og king of Bashan, who lived in (N)Ashtaroth. 11 So our elders and all the inhabitants of our country said to us, ‘Take provisions in your hand for the journey and go to meet them and say to them, “We are your servants. Come now, make a covenant with us.”’ 12 Here is our bread. It was still warm when we took it from our houses as our food for the journey on the day we set out to come to you, but now, behold, it is dry and crumbly. 13 These wineskins were new when we filled them, and behold, they have burst. And these garments and sandals of ours are worn out from the very long journey.” 14 So the men took some of their provisions, but (O)did not ask counsel from the Lord. 15 And Joshua (P)made peace with them and made a covenant with them, to let them live, and the leaders of the congregation swore to them.

16 At the end of three days after they had made a covenant with them, they heard that they were their neighbors (Q)and that they lived among them. 17 And the people of Israel set out and reached their cities on the third day. (R)Now their cities were Gibeon, Chephirah, Beeroth, and Kiriath-jearim. 18 But the people of Israel did not attack them, because the leaders of the congregation had sworn to them by the Lord, the God of Israel. Then all the congregation murmured against the leaders. 19 But all the leaders said to all the congregation, “We have sworn to them by the Lord, the God of Israel, and now we may not touch them. 20 This we will do to them: let them live, lest (S)wrath be upon us, (T)because of the oath that we swore to them.” 21 And the leaders said to them, “Let them live.” So they became (U)cutters of wood and drawers of water for all the congregation, just as the leaders (V)had said of them.

22 Joshua summoned them, and he said to them, “Why did you deceive us, saying, (W)‘We are very far from you,’ when (X)you dwell among us? 23 Now therefore you are cursed, and some of you shall never be anything but servants, (Y)cutters of wood and drawers of water for the house of my God.” 24 They answered Joshua, “Because it was told to your servants for a certainty that the Lord your God had (Z)commanded his servant Moses to give you all the land and to destroy all the inhabitants of the land from before you—so (AA)we feared greatly for our lives because of you and did this thing. 25 And now, behold, we are in your hand. Whatever seems good and right in your sight to do to us, do it.” 26 So he did this to them and delivered them out of the hand of the people of Israel, and they did not kill them. 27 But Joshua made them that day (AB)cutters of wood and drawers of water for the congregation and for the altar of the Lord, to this day, (AC)in the place that he should choose.