登山宝训

耶稣看见人群,就上了山,坐下来。他的门徒们来到他面前, 他就开口教导他们,说:

天国八福

“灵里贫乏的人是蒙福的,
因为天国是他们的。
悲伤的人是蒙福的,
因为他们将受到安慰。
谦和的人是蒙福的,
因为他们将继承那地。
饥渴慕义的人是蒙福的,
因为他们将得饱足。
怜悯人的人是蒙福的,
因为他们将蒙怜悯。
心里洁净的人是蒙福的,
因为他们将看见神。
使人和睦的人是蒙福的,
因为他们将被称为‘神的儿女’。
10 为义受逼迫的人是蒙福的,
因为天国是他们的。

11 “当人们因我的缘故责骂你们、逼迫你们、用各种捏造出来的恶事毁谤你们的时候,你们就是蒙福的。 12 你们当欢喜,当快乐,因为你们在天上的报偿是大的。要知道,那些人也这样逼迫了在你们以前的先知们。

信徒是光是盐

13 “你们是地上的盐。盐如果失去了味道,还能用什么来把它腌成咸的呢?它再也没有用处,只好被丢在外面,任人践踏。

14 “你们是世界的光。建在山上的城是不能隐藏的; 15 人点亮了油灯,也不会放在斗[a]底下,而会放在灯台上,它就照亮屋子里所有的人。 16 同样,你们的光也应当照耀在人前,使他们看见你们的美好工作,就荣耀你们在天上的父。

基督成全律法

17 “你们不要以为我来是要废除律法和先知[b],我来不是要废除,而是要成全。 18 我确实地告诉你们:即使天和地都消逝了,律法的一点一画也绝不会消逝,直到一切都成就。 19 所以,如果有人违犯了这些诫命中最小的一条,又教导人也这样做,他在天国里将被称为最小的;但无论谁遵行这些诫命,又教导人也这样做,这个人在天国里将被称为大的。 20 我告诉你们:你们的义如果不胜过经文士们和法利赛人的义,就绝不能进入天国。

凶杀始于心

21 “你们听过那吩咐古人的话:‘不可杀人。[c]杀人的,当遭受审判。’ 22 但是我告诉你们:所有向他弟兄[d]发怒的,当遭受审判;骂他弟兄‘废物’的,当遭受议会的审判;骂‘蠢货’的,当遭受烈火的地狱。 23 所以,如果你在祭坛献上祭物的时候,在那里想起弟兄向你怀着怨, 24 就要把祭物留在祭坛前,先去与弟兄和好,然后再回来献上你的祭物。 25 你要趁着与你的对头还在路上的时候,赶快与他和解,免得他把你交给审判官,审判官把你交给差役,你就会被投进监狱了。 26 我确实地告诉你:除非你还清了最后的一个铜币[e],否则你绝不能从那里出来。

内心的奸淫

27 “你们听过那吩咐[f]:‘不可通奸。’[g] 28 但是我告诉你们:所有怀着欲念看女人的,就已经在心里和她通奸了。 29 如果你的右眼使你绊倒,就把它剜出来丢掉!因为对你来说,失去你身体的一部分[h],总比你全身被丢进地狱要好。 30 如果你的右手使你绊倒,就把它砍下来丢掉!因为对你来说,失去你身体的一部分,总比你全身下地狱要好。

谴责离婚行为

31 “又有吩咐:‘如果有人休妻,要给妻子一份休书。’[i] 32 但是我告诉你们:凡是休妻的,除非为了淫乱的缘故,否则就是让她犯通奸罪了;凡是娶了被休的女人的,也是犯通奸罪。

说诚实话

33 “另外,你们听过那吩咐古人的话:‘不可起假誓。你所起的誓,总要向主偿还。’[j] 34 但是我告诉你们:根本不可起誓。不可指着天起誓,因为天是神的宝座; 35 不可指着地起誓,因为地是神的脚凳;不可用耶路撒冷起誓,因为耶路撒冷是那大君王的城; 36 也不可指着自己的头起誓,因为你不能使一根头发变白或变黑。 37 你们的话语应该如此:是,就说是;不是,就说不是。再多说,就是出于那恶者。

以德报怨

38 “你们听过这吩咐:‘以眼还眼,以牙还牙。’[k] 39 但是我告诉你们:不要与恶人作对。有人打你的右脸,把左脸[l]也转给他; 40 有人想要控告你,并要拿走你的里衣[m],你就连外衣也由他拿去; 41 有人强迫你走一里[n]路,你就与他一起走两里; 42 有人求你,你要给他;有人要向你借什么,你不要拒绝。

爱敌人

43 “你们听过这吩咐:‘要爱你的邻人[o],恨你的敌人[p]。’ 44 但是我告诉你们:要爱你们的敌人[q][r]为那些[s]逼迫你们的人祷告, 45 好让你们成为你们天父的儿女。因为他使太阳升起,对着恶人,也对着好人;降雨给义人,也给不义的人。 46 其实你们如果只爱那些爱你们的人,会有什么报偿呢?连税吏不也这样做吗? 47 你们如果只问候自己的兄弟,这样做有什么特别呢?连外邦人[t]不也这样做吗? 48 所以,你们当成为完全的,就像你们的天父是完全的。

Footnotes

  1. 马太福音 5:15 斗——指“一种度量谷物的量器”;容量约为9升。
  2. 马太福音 5:17 先知——或译作“先知书”。
  3. 马太福音 5:21 《出埃及记》20:13;《申命记》5:17。
  4. 马太福音 5:22 有古抄本附“毫无理由地”。
  5. 马太福音 5:26 铜币——原文为“柯锥特”。1柯锥特=约1/64日工资的罗马铜币。
  6. 马太福音 5:27 那吩咐——有古抄本作“那吩咐古人的话”。
  7. 马太福音 5:27 《出埃及记》20:14;《申命记》5:18。
  8. 马太福音 5:29 身体的一部分——或译作“一个肢体”。
  9. 马太福音 5:31 《申命记》24:1。
  10. 马太福音 5:33 《利未记》19:12;《民数记》30:2;《申命记》23:21。
  11. 马太福音 5:38 《出埃及记》21:24;《利未记》24:20;《申命记》19:21。
  12. 马太福音 5:39 左脸——原文直译“另一边”。
  13. 马太福音 5:40 里衣——或译作“衬袍”。
  14. 马太福音 5:41 一里——原文为“1米利翁”。1米利翁=1500公尺。
  15. 马太福音 5:43 《利未记》19:18。
  16. 马太福音 5:43 敌人——或译作“反对者”。
  17. 马太福音 5:44 敌人——或译作“反对者”。
  18. 马太福音 5:44 有古抄本附“祝福那些诅咒你们的人,善待那些恨你们的人,”。
  19. 马太福音 5:44 有古抄本附“诋毁、”。
  20. 马太福音 5:47 外邦人——有古抄本作“税吏”。

Now when Jesus saw the crowds, he went up a mountain. He sat down and his disciples came to him. He taught them, saying:

Happy people

“Happy are people who are hopeless, because the kingdom of heaven is theirs.

“Happy are people who grieve, because they will be made glad.

“Happy are people who are humble, because they will inherit the earth.

“Happy are people who are hungry and thirsty for righteousness, because they will be fed until they are full.

“Happy are people who show mercy, because they will receive mercy.

“Happy are people who have pure hearts, because they will see God.

“Happy are people who make peace, because they will be called God’s children.

10 “Happy are people whose lives are harassed because they are righteous, because the kingdom of heaven is theirs.

11 “Happy are you when people insult you and harass you and speak all kinds of bad and false things about you, all because of me. 12 Be full of joy and be glad, because you have a great reward in heaven. In the same way, people harassed the prophets who came before you.

Salt and light

13 “You are the salt of the earth. But if salt loses its saltiness, how will it become salty again? It’s good for nothing except to be thrown away and trampled under people’s feet. 14 You are the light of the world. A city on top of a hill can’t be hidden. 15 Neither do people light a lamp and put it under a basket. Instead, they put it on top of a lampstand, and it shines on all who are in the house. 16 In the same way, let your light shine before people, so they can see the good things you do and praise your Father who is in heaven.

Jesus and the Law

17 “Don’t even begin to think that I have come to do away with the Law and the Prophets. I haven’t come to do away with them but to fulfill them. 18 I say to you very seriously that as long as heaven and earth exist, neither the smallest letter nor even the smallest stroke of a pen will be erased from the Law until everything there becomes a reality. 19 Therefore, whoever ignores one of the least of these commands and teaches others to do the same will be called the lowest in the kingdom of heaven. But whoever keeps these commands and teaches people to keep them will be called great in the kingdom of heaven. 20 I say to you that unless your righteousness is greater than the righteousness of the legal experts and the Pharisees, you will never enter the kingdom of heaven.

Law of murder

21 “You have heard that it was said to those who lived long ago, Don’t commit murder,[a] and all who commit murder will be in danger of judgment. 22 But I say to you that everyone who is angry with their brother or sister will be in danger of judgment. If they say to their brother or sister, ‘You idiot,’ they will be in danger of being condemned by the governing council. And if they say, ‘You fool,’ they will be in danger of fiery hell. 23 Therefore, if you bring your gift to the altar and there remember that your brother or sister has something against you, 24 leave your gift at the altar and go. First make things right with your brother or sister and then come back and offer your gift. 25 Be sure to make friends quickly with your opponents while you are with them on the way to court. Otherwise, they will haul you before the judge, the judge will turn you over to the officer of the court, and you will be thrown into prison. 26 I say to you in all seriousness that you won’t get out of there until you’ve paid the very last penny.

Law of adultery

27 “You have heard that it was said, Don’t commit adultery.[b] 28 But I say to you that every man who looks at a woman lustfully has already committed adultery in his heart. 29 And if your right eye causes you to fall into sin, tear it out and throw it away. It’s better that you lose a part of your body than that your whole body be thrown into hell. 30 And if your right hand causes you to fall into sin, chop it off and throw it away. It’s better that you lose a part of your body than that your whole body go into hell.

Law of divorce

31 “It was said, ‘Whoever divorces his wife must give her a divorce certificate.’[c] 32 But I say to you that whoever divorces his wife except for sexual unfaithfulness forces her to commit adultery. And whoever marries a divorced woman commits adultery.

Law of solemn pledges

33 “Again you have heard that it was said to those who lived long ago: Don’t make a false solemn pledge, but you should follow through on what you have pledged to the Lord.[d] 34 But I say to you that you must not pledge at all. You must not pledge by heaven, because it’s God’s throne. 35 You must not pledge by the earth, because it’s God’s footstool. You must not pledge by Jerusalem, because it’s the city of the great king. 36 And you must not pledge by your head, because you can’t turn one hair white or black. 37 Let your yes mean yes, and your no mean no. Anything more than this comes from the evil one.

Law of retaliation

38 “You have heard that it was said, An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth.[e] 39 But I say to you that you must not oppose those who want to hurt you. If people slap you on your right cheek, you must turn the left cheek to them as well. 40 When they wish to haul you to court and take your shirt, let them have your coat too. 41 When they force you to go one mile, go with them two. 42 Give to those who ask, and don’t refuse those who wish to borrow from you.

Law of love

43 “You have heard that it was said, You must love your neighbor[f] and hate your enemy. 44 But I say to you, love your enemies and pray for those who harass you 45 so that you will be acting as children of your Father who is in heaven. He makes the sun rise on both the evil and the good and sends rain on both the righteous and the unrighteous. 46 If you love only those who love you, what reward do you have? Don’t even the tax collectors do the same? 47 And if you greet only your brothers and sisters, what more are you doing? Don’t even the Gentiles do the same? 48 Therefore, just as your heavenly Father is complete in showing love to everyone, so also you must be complete.

論福(A)

耶穌看見群眾,就上了山;他坐下之後,門徒來到他跟前, 他就開口教訓他們:

“心靈貧乏的人有福了,

因為天國是他們的。

哀痛的人有福了,

因為他們必得安慰。

溫柔的人有福了,

因為他們必承受地土。

愛慕公義如飢如渴的人有福了,

因為他們必得飽足。

憐憫人的人有福了,

因為他們必蒙憐憫。

內心清潔的人有福了,

因為他們必看見 神。

使人和平的人有福了,

因為他們必稱為 神的兒子。

10 為義遭受迫害的人有福了,

因為天國是他們的。

11 人若因我的緣故辱罵你們,迫害你們,並且捏造各樣壞話毀謗你們,你們就有福了。 12 你們應該歡喜快樂,因為你們在天上的賞賜是大的;在你們以前的先知,他們也曾這樣迫害。

門徒作鹽作光(B)

13 “你們是地上的鹽;如果鹽失了味,怎能使它再鹹呢?結果毫無用處,唯有丟在外面任人踐踏。 14 你們是世上的光。建在山上的城是無法隱藏的; 15 人點了燈,不會放在量器底下,而是放在燈臺上,就照亮一家人。 16 照樣,你們的光也應當照在人前,讓他們看見你們的好行為,又頌讚你們在天上的父。

論律法

17 “你們不要以為我來是要廢除律法和先知;我來不是要廢除,而是要完成。 18 我實在告訴你們,就算天地過去,律法的一點一畫也不會廢去,全部都要成就。 19 因此,無論誰廢除誡命中最小的一條,又這樣教導人,他在天國中必稱為最小的;但若有人遵行這些誡命,並且教導人遵行,他在天國中必稱為大。 20 我告訴你們,你們的義若不勝過經學家和法利賽人的義,就必不能進天國。

不可恨人(C)

21 “你們聽過有這樣吩咐古人的話:‘不可殺人,殺人的必被判罪。’ 22 可是我告訴你們,凡是向弟兄發怒的,必被判罪。人若說弟兄是‘拉加’,必被公議會審判;人若說弟兄是‘摩利’,必難逃地獄的火。 23 所以你在祭壇上獻供物的時候,如果在那裡想起你的弟兄對你不滿, 24 就當在壇前放下供物,先去與弟兄和好,然後才來獻你的供物。 25 趁著你和你的對頭還在路上的時候,要趕快與他和解,免得他抓你去見法官,法官把你交給獄警,關在監裡。 26 我實在告訴你,除非你還清最後一分錢,否則決不能從那裡出來。

不可動淫念

27 “你們聽過有這樣的吩咐:‘不可姦淫。’ 28 可是我告訴你們,凡是看見婦女就動淫念的,心裡已經犯了姦淫。 29 如果你的右眼使你犯罪,就把它挖出來丟掉;寧可失去身體的一部分,勝過全身被丟進地獄裡。 30 如果你的右手使你犯罪,就把它砍下來丟掉;寧可失去身體的一部分,勝過全身進到地獄裡去。

不可休妻(D)

31 “又有這樣的吩咐:‘人若休妻,就應當給她休書。’ 32 可是我告訴你們,凡休妻的,如果不是因她不貞,就是促使她犯姦淫;無論誰娶了被休的婦人,也就是犯姦淫了。

不可發誓

33 “你們又聽過有這樣吩咐古人的話:‘不可背約,向主許的願都要償還。’ 34 可是我告訴你們,總不可發誓,不可指著天發誓,因為天是 神的寶座; 35 不可指著地發誓,因為地是 神的腳凳;不可指著耶路撒冷發誓,因為它是大君王的京城; 36 也不可指著自己的頭發誓,因為你不能使一根頭髮變白或變黑。 37 你們的話,是就說‘是’,不是就說‘不是’;如果再多說,就是出於那惡者。

不可報復(E)

38 “你們聽過有這樣的吩咐:‘以眼還眼,以牙還牙。’ 39 可是我告訴你們,不要與惡人對抗,有人打你的右臉,把另一邊也轉過來讓他打; 40 有人要告你,想拿你的襯衫,就連外套也讓他拿去。 41 有人要強迫你走一里路,就陪他走兩里。 42 有求你的,就給他;想借貸的,也不可拒絕。

當愛仇敵(F)

43 “你們聽過有這樣的吩咐:‘當愛你的鄰舍,恨你的仇敵。’ 44 可是我告訴你們,當愛你們的仇敵,為迫害你們的祈禱, 45 好叫你們成為你們天父的兒子;因為他使太陽照惡人,也照好人;降雨給義人,也給不義的人。 46 如果你們只愛那些愛你們的人,有甚麼賞賜呢?稅吏不也是這樣作嗎? 47 如果你們單問候你們的弟兄,有甚麼特別呢?教外人不也是這樣作嗎? 48 所以你們要完全,正如你們的天父是完全的。”