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Mattheüs 5
Het Boek

Jezus onderwijst zijn leerlingen

5 Op een dag, toen Jezus zag dat er weer veel mensen gekomen waren, liep Hij de berg op en ging zitten. Zijn leerlingen kwamen bij Hem.

2 Hij onderwees hun:

3 ‘Gelukkig zijn zij die nederig zijn, want het Koninkrijk van de hemelen is voor hen bestemd.

4 Gelukkig zijn zij die verdriet hebben, want zij zullen getroost worden.

5 Gelukkig zijn de zachtmoedigen, want de aarde is voor hen.

6 Gelukkig zijn de mensen die ernaar hunkeren dat Gods wil wordt uitgevoerd, want zij zullen volkomen tevreden worden gesteld.

7 Gelukkig zijn de mensen met een liefdevol en helpend hart, want zij zullen zelf liefde ontmoeten en hulp ontvangen.

8 Gelukkig zijn de mensen met een zuiver hart, want zij zullen God zien.

9 Gelukkig zijn de mensen die vrede brengen, want zij zullen kinderen van God worden genoemd.

10 Gelukkig zijn de mensen die vervolgd worden omdat zij Gods wil doen, want het Koninkrijk van de hemelen is voor hen.

11 Gelukkig bent u als u beledigingen, vervolgingen, leugens en laster te verdragen krijgt omdat u bij Mij hoort.

12 Juich van blijdschap, want in de hemel ligt een geweldige beloning voor u klaar. Vroeger zijn de profeten immers ook zo vervolgd.

13 U bent als zout voor de wereld. Maar als het zout zijn kracht verliest, hoe moet je het dan smaak geven? Waar is het dan nog goed voor, behalve om weggegooid en door de mensen vertrapt te worden.

14 U bent het licht van de wereld, een stad op een berg kan iedereen zien. 15 Men steekt immers geen lamp aan om er vervolgens een emmer overheen te zetten? Die lamp moet toch op een standaard staan en licht geven voor iedereen in huis? 16 Laat daarom ook uw licht voor alle mensen schijnen. Als zij dan de goede dingen zien die u doet, zullen zij uw hemelse Vader eren.

17 Denk niet dat Ik ben gekomen om de wetten van Mozes en de woorden van de profeten af te schaffen. Ik ben juist gekomen om er de volle betekenis aan te geven. 18 Ik zeg u met nadruk: tot het moment waarop hemel en aarde vergaan, blijft iedere letter, ieder leesteken van de wet van kracht, totdat alles gebeurd zal zijn. 19 Wie zelfs maar het kleinste gebod afschaft en anderen leert dat ook te doen, zal de kleinste zijn in het Koninkrijk van de hemelen. Maar wie zich aan Gods wetten houdt en anderen leert dat ook te doen, zal in dat Koninkrijk in hoog aanzien staan. 20 Want Ik waarschuw u. Als u zich niet méér houdt aan Gods wetten dan de bijbelgeleerden en de Farizeeën, komt u het Koninkrijk van de hemelen zeker niet binnen.

21 U hebt gehoord dat tegen onze voorouders gezegd is: “U mag niemand doodslaan” en “wie iemand doodslaat, zal veroordeeld worden.” 22 Maar Ik zeg zelfs: iedereen die kwaad is op een ander, zal veroordeeld worden. En wie een ander uitscheldt, moet zich voor de rechtbank verantwoorden, ja, die zal voor het hellevuur komen te staan. 23 Stel dat u in de tempel voor het altaar staat om God een offer te brengen. Als u zich daar dan herinnert dat iemand iets tegen u heeft, 24 moet u het offer naast het altaar laten liggen. Ga eerst naar die ander toe, maak het met hem in orde en breng daarna pas uw offer aan God. 25 Zorg ervoor dat u het op tijd eens wordt met uw tegenpartij. Want als hij u voor de rechter sleept, wordt u misschien wel in de gevangenis gegooid. 26 En daar komt u pas weer uit als u de laatste cent betaald hebt.

27 De wet van Mozes zegt: “U mag geen overspel plegen.” 28 Maar Ik zeg: wie met begerige ogen naar een vrouw kijkt, heeft in zijn hart al overspel met haar gepleegd. 29 Als uw oog u tot verkeerde dingen brengt, ruk het dan uit en gooi het weg. Want het is beter één lichaamsdeel kwijt te raken dan dat uw hele lichaam in de hel wordt gegooid. 30 En als uw hand u tot verkeerde dingen brengt, hak hem dan af en gooi hem weg. Want het is beter één lichaamsdeel kwijt te raken dan dat uw hele lichaam in de hel wordt gegooid.

31 De wet van Mozes zegt: “Als iemand van zijn vrouw wil scheiden, moet hij haar wel een brief meegeven waarin staat dat zij niet langer zijn vrouw is.” 32 Maar Ik zeg: als u zich van uw vrouw laat scheiden zonder dat zij met een andere man gemeenschap heeft gehad, drijft u haar tot overspel. En wie met een weggezonden vrouw trouwt, pleegt ook overspel.

33 In de wet van Mozes staat ook: “U moet zich aan uw eed houden. Wat u voor God hebt gezworen, moet u nakomen.” 34 Maar Ik zeg: zweer nooit! Zeg niet: “Ik zweer bij de hemel,” want de hemel is de troon van God. 35 Of: “Ik zweer bij de aarde,” want de aarde is Gods voetenbank. Of: “Ik zweer bij Jeruzalem,” want dat is de stad van de grote Koning. 36 Zeg ook niet: “Ik zweer bij mijn hoofd,” want u kunt niet één haar wit of zwart maken. 37 Houdt u aan uw woord. Ja is ja en nee is nee. Wat u meer zegt, komt van de duivel.

38 De wet van Mozes zegt: “Oog om oog en tand om tand.” 39 Maar Ik zeg u: verzet u niet tegen wie u kwaad doet. Als iemand u een klap op de ene wang geeft, keer hem dan ook uw andere wang toe. 40 Als iemand in een proces uw hemd opeist, geef hem dan ook uw jas. 41 Als iemand u dwingt om één kilometer met hem mee te lopen, ga dan twee kilometer met hem mee. 42 Als iemand u iets vraagt, geef het hem. En als iemand geld van u wil lenen, weiger het dan niet.

43 U hebt gehoord dat er gezegd is: “Heb uw naaste lief en haat uw vijanden.” 44 Maar Ik zeg: houd ook van uw vijanden! En bid voor wie u vervolgen! 45 Als u dat doet, bent u echt kinderen van uw hemelse Vader. Want Hij laat zijn zon opgaan voor goede en slechte mensen. Hij laat het regenen voor rechtvaardigen en onrechtvaardigen. 46 Als u alleen maar houdt van mensen die ook van u houden, krijgt u geen beloning. Dat doen zelfs bedriegers. 47 Als u alleen maar vriendelijk bent voor uw vrienden, doet u niets bijzonders. Dat doet immers iedereen. 48 Wees volmaakt, zoals ook uw hemelse Vader volmaakt is.’

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Matthew 5
New American Standard Bible

The Sermon on the Mount; The Beatitudes

5 (A)Now when Jesus saw the crowds, He went up on (B)the [a]mountain; and after He sat down, His disciples came to Him. 2 And (C)He opened His mouth and began to teach them, saying,

3 “[b](D)Blessed are the poor in spirit, for (E)theirs is the kingdom of heaven.

4 “Blessed are (F)those who mourn, for they will be comforted.

5 “Blessed are (G)the [c]gentle, for they will inherit the earth.

6 “Blessed are (H)those who hunger and thirst for righteousness, for they will be satisfied.

7 “Blessed are (I)the merciful, for they will receive mercy.

8 “Blessed are (J)the pure in heart, for (K)they will see God.

9 “Blessed are the peacemakers, for (L)they will be called sons of God.

10 “Blessed are those who have been (M)persecuted for the sake of righteousness, for (N)theirs is the kingdom of heaven.

11 “Blessed are you when people (O)insult you and persecute you, and falsely say all kinds of evil against you because of Me. 12 Rejoice and be glad, for your reward in heaven is great; for (P)in this same way they persecuted the prophets who were before you.

Disciples and the World

13 “You are the salt of the earth; but (Q)if the salt has become tasteless, how [d]can it be made salty again? It is no longer good for anything, except to be thrown out and trampled underfoot by people.

14 “You are (R)the light of the world. A city set on a [e]hill cannot be hidden; 15 (S)nor do people light a lamp and put it under a [f]basket, but on the lampstand, and it gives light to all who are in the house. 16 Your light must shine before people in such a way that they may (T)see your good works, and (U)glorify your Father who is in heaven.

17 “Do not presume that I came to abolish the (V)Law or the Prophets; I did not come to abolish, but to fulfill. 18 For truly I say to you, (W)until heaven and earth pass away, not [g]the smallest letter or stroke of a letter shall pass from the Law, until all is accomplished! 19 Therefore, whoever nullifies one of the least of these commandments, and teaches [h]others to do the same, shall be called least (X)in the kingdom of heaven; but whoever [i]keeps and teaches them, he shall be called great in the kingdom of heaven.

20 “For I say to you that unless your (Y)righteousness far surpasses that of the scribes and Pharisees, you will not enter the kingdom of heaven.

Personal Relationships

21 “(Z)You have heard that [j]the ancients were told, ‘(AA)You shall not murder,’ and ‘Whoever commits murder shall be answerable to (AB)the court.’ 22 But I say to you that everyone who is angry with his brother shall be answerable to (AC)the court; and whoever says to his brother, ‘[k]You good-for-nothing,’ shall be answerable to [l](AD)the supreme court; and whoever says, ‘You fool,’ shall be guilty enough to go into the [m](AE)fiery hell. 23 Therefore, if you are (AF)presenting your [n]offering at the altar, and there you remember that your brother has something against you, 24 leave your [o]offering there before the altar and go; first be (AG)reconciled to your brother, and then come and present your [p]offering. 25 [q](AH)Come to good terms with your accuser quickly, while you are with him on the way to court, so that your accuser will not hand you over to the judge, and the judge to the officer, and you will not be thrown into prison. 26 Truly I say to you, (AI)you will not come out of there until you have paid up the last [r]quadrans.

27 “(AJ)You have heard that it was said, ‘(AK)You shall not commit adultery’; 28 but I say to you that everyone who looks at a woman (AL)with lust for her has already committed adultery with her in his heart. 29 Now (AM)if your right eye is causing you to sin, tear it out and throw it away from you; for it is better for you to lose one of the parts of your body, [s]than for your whole body to be thrown into [t](AN)hell. 30 And (AO)if your right hand is causing you to sin, cut it off and throw it away from you; for it is better for you [u]to lose one of the parts of your body, [v]than for your whole body to go into [w](AP)hell.

31 “Now it was said, ‘(AQ)Whoever sends his wife away is to give her a certificate of divorce’; 32 (AR)but I say to you that everyone who [x]divorces his wife, except for the reason of sexual immorality, makes her commit adultery; and whoever marries a [y]divorced woman commits adultery.

33 “Again, (AS)you have heard that [z]the ancients were told, ‘[aa](AT)You shall not [ab]make false vows, but shall fulfill your [ac]vows to the Lord.’ 34 But I say to you, (AU)take no oath at all, neither by heaven, for it is (AV)the throne of God, 35 nor by the earth, for it is the (AW)footstool of His feet, nor [ad]by Jerusalem, for it is (AX)the city of the great King. 36 Nor shall you take an oath by your head, for you cannot make a single hair white or black. 37 But make sure your statement is, ‘[ae]Yes, yes’ or ‘No, no’; anything beyond these is [af]of (AY)evil origin.

38 “(AZ)You have heard that it was said, ‘(BA)Eye for eye, and tooth for tooth.’ 39 But I say to you, do not show opposition against an evil person; but (BB)whoever slaps you on your right cheek, turn the other toward him also. 40 And if anyone wants to sue you and take your [ag]tunic, let him have your [ah]cloak also. 41 Whoever [ai]forces you to go one mile, go with him two. 42 (BC)Give to him who asks of you, and do not turn away from him who wants to borrow from you.

43 “(BD)You have heard that it was said, ‘(BE)You shall love your neighbor (BF)and hate your enemy.’ 44 But I say to you, (BG)love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you, 45 so that you may prove yourselves to be (BH)sons of your Father who is in heaven; for He causes His sun to rise on the evil and the good, and sends rain on the righteous and the unrighteous. 46 For (BI)if you love those who love you, what reward do you have? Even the tax collectors, do they not do the same? 47 And if you greet only your brothers and sisters, what more are you doing than others? Even the Gentiles, do they not do the same? 48 Therefore (BJ)you shall be perfect, as your heavenly Father is perfect.

Footnotes

  1. Matthew 5:1 Or hill
  2. Matthew 5:3 I.e., fortunate or prosperous, and so through v 11
  3. Matthew 5:5 Or humble, meek
  4. Matthew 5:13 Lit will
  5. Matthew 5:14 Or mountain
  6. Matthew 5:15 Lit peck-measure
  7. Matthew 5:18 Lit one iota (Heb yodh) or one projection (serif)
  8. Matthew 5:19 Lit people
  9. Matthew 5:19 Lit does
  10. Matthew 5:21 Lit it was said to the ancients
  11. Matthew 5:22 Or You empty-head; Gr Raka (Raca) from Aramaic reqa
  12. Matthew 5:22 Lit the Sanhedrin; i.e., Jewish High Court
  13. Matthew 5:22 Lit Gehenna of fire
  14. Matthew 5:23 Or gift
  15. Matthew 5:24 Or gift
  16. Matthew 5:24 Or gift
  17. Matthew 5:25 I.e., settle the case
  18. Matthew 5:26 A small Roman copper coin, worth about 1/64 of a laborer’s daily wage
  19. Matthew 5:29 Lit and that your whole body not be
  20. Matthew 5:29 Gr Gehenna
  21. Matthew 5:30 Lit that one...be lost
  22. Matthew 5:30 Lit and not your whole body
  23. Matthew 5:30 Gr Gehenna
  24. Matthew 5:32 Lit sends away, the Heb term for divorce
  25. Matthew 5:32 Lit woman sent away
  26. Matthew 5:33 Lit it was said to the ancients
  27. Matthew 5:33 you and your are singular here
  28. Matthew 5:33 Or break your vows
  29. Matthew 5:33 Lit oaths
  30. Matthew 5:35 Or toward
  31. Matthew 5:37 I.e., a clear “yes” or “no”
  32. Matthew 5:37 Or from the evil one
  33. Matthew 5:40 A long shirt worn next to the skin
  34. Matthew 5:40 Or outer garment
  35. Matthew 5:41 Lit will force
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Matthew 5
New International Version

Introduction to the Sermon on the Mount

5 Now when Jesus saw the crowds, he went up on a mountainside and sat down. His disciples came to him, 2 and he began to teach them.

The Beatitudes(A)

He said:

3 “Blessed are the poor in spirit,
    for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.(B)
4 Blessed are those who mourn,
    for they will be comforted.(C)
5 Blessed are the meek,
    for they will inherit the earth.(D)
6 Blessed are those who hunger and thirst for righteousness,
    for they will be filled.(E)
7 Blessed are the merciful,
    for they will be shown mercy.(F)
8 Blessed are the pure in heart,(G)
    for they will see God.(H)
9 Blessed are the peacemakers,(I)
    for they will be called children of God.(J)
10 Blessed are those who are persecuted because of righteousness,(K)
    for theirs is the kingdom of heaven.(L)

11 “Blessed are you when people insult you,(M) persecute you and falsely say all kinds of evil against you because of me.(N) 12 Rejoice and be glad,(O) because great is your reward in heaven, for in the same way they persecuted the prophets who were before you.(P)

Salt and Light

13 “You are the salt of the earth. But if the salt loses its saltiness, how can it be made salty again? It is no longer good for anything, except to be thrown out and trampled underfoot.(Q)

14 “You are the light of the world.(R) A town built on a hill cannot be hidden. 15 Neither do people light a lamp and put it under a bowl. Instead they put it on its stand, and it gives light to everyone in the house.(S) 16 In the same way, let your light shine before others,(T) that they may see your good deeds(U) and glorify(V) your Father in heaven.

The Fulfillment of the Law

17 “Do not think that I have come to abolish the Law or the Prophets; I have not come to abolish them but to fulfill them.(W) 18 For truly I tell you, until heaven and earth disappear, not the smallest letter, not the least stroke of a pen, will by any means disappear from the Law until everything is accomplished.(X) 19 Therefore anyone who sets aside one of the least of these commands(Y) and teaches others accordingly will be called least in the kingdom of heaven, but whoever practices and teaches these commands will be called great in the kingdom of heaven. 20 For I tell you that unless your righteousness surpasses that of the Pharisees and the teachers of the law, you will certainly not enter the kingdom of heaven.(Z)

Murder(AA)

21 “You have heard that it was said to the people long ago, ‘You shall not murder,[a](AB) and anyone who murders will be subject to judgment.’ 22 But I tell you that anyone who is angry(AC) with a brother or sister[b][c] will be subject to judgment.(AD) Again, anyone who says to a brother or sister, ‘Raca,’[d] is answerable to the court.(AE) And anyone who says, ‘You fool!’ will be in danger of the fire of hell.(AF)

23 “Therefore, if you are offering your gift at the altar and there remember that your brother or sister has something against you, 24 leave your gift there in front of the altar. First go and be reconciled to them; then come and offer your gift.

25 “Settle matters quickly with your adversary who is taking you to court. Do it while you are still together on the way, or your adversary may hand you over to the judge, and the judge may hand you over to the officer, and you may be thrown into prison. 26 Truly I tell you, you will not get out until you have paid the last penny.

Adultery

27 “You have heard that it was said, ‘You shall not commit adultery.’[e](AG) 28 But I tell you that anyone who looks at a woman lustfully has already committed adultery with her in his heart.(AH) 29 If your right eye causes you to stumble,(AI) gouge it out and throw it away. It is better for you to lose one part of your body than for your whole body to be thrown into hell. 30 And if your right hand causes you to stumble,(AJ) cut it off and throw it away. It is better for you to lose one part of your body than for your whole body to go into hell.

Divorce

31 “It has been said, ‘Anyone who divorces his wife must give her a certificate of divorce.’[f](AK) 32 But I tell you that anyone who divorces his wife, except for sexual immorality, makes her the victim of adultery, and anyone who marries a divorced woman commits adultery.(AL)

Oaths

33 “Again, you have heard that it was said to the people long ago, ‘Do not break your oath,(AM) but fulfill to the Lord the vows you have made.’(AN) 34 But I tell you, do not swear an oath at all:(AO) either by heaven, for it is God’s throne;(AP) 35 or by the earth, for it is his footstool; or by Jerusalem, for it is the city of the Great King.(AQ) 36 And do not swear by your head, for you cannot make even one hair white or black. 37 All you need to say is simply ‘Yes’ or ‘No’;(AR) anything beyond this comes from the evil one.[g](AS)

Eye for Eye

38 “You have heard that it was said, ‘Eye for eye, and tooth for tooth.’[h](AT) 39 But I tell you, do not resist an evil person. If anyone slaps you on the right cheek, turn to them the other cheek also.(AU) 40 And if anyone wants to sue you and take your shirt, hand over your coat as well. 41 If anyone forces you to go one mile, go with them two miles. 42 Give to the one who asks you, and do not turn away from the one who wants to borrow from you.(AV)

Love for Enemies

43 “You have heard that it was said, ‘Love your neighbor[i](AW) and hate your enemy.’(AX) 44 But I tell you, love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you,(AY) 45 that you may be children(AZ) of your Father in heaven. He causes his sun to rise on the evil and the good, and sends rain on the righteous and the unrighteous.(BA) 46 If you love those who love you, what reward will you get?(BB) Are not even the tax collectors doing that? 47 And if you greet only your own people, what are you doing more than others? Do not even pagans do that? 48 Be perfect, therefore, as your heavenly Father is perfect.(BC)

Footnotes

  1. Matthew 5:21 Exodus 20:13
  2. Matthew 5:22 The Greek word for brother or sister (adelphos) refers here to a fellow disciple, whether man or woman; also in verse 23.
  3. Matthew 5:22 Some manuscripts brother or sister without cause
  4. Matthew 5:22 An Aramaic term of contempt
  5. Matthew 5:27 Exodus 20:14
  6. Matthew 5:31 Deut. 24:1
  7. Matthew 5:37 Or from evil
  8. Matthew 5:38 Exodus 21:24; Lev. 24:20; Deut. 19:21
  9. Matthew 5:43 Lev. 19:18
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