传统与诫命

15 那时,有些法利赛人和经文士从耶路撒冷来到耶稣那里,说: “你的门徒们为什么违犯古人的传统呢?他们吃饭[a]的时候不洗手!”

耶稣回答他们,说:“你们为什么为了你们的传统而违犯神的命令呢? 神吩咐过

‘你要孝敬你的父母’[b],又说
‘咒骂父亲或母亲的人,必须处死。’[c] 你们却说‘如果有人对父亲或母亲说:我本该给你的已经做了圣殿奉献, 他就可以完全不孝敬父母[d]。’这样,为了你们的传统,你们就废弃了神的话语[e][f] 你们这些伪善的人哪!以赛亚指着你们所说的预言是对的,他说:
‘这子民[g]用嘴唇尊重我,
他们的心却远离我。
他们敬拜我也是徒然的,
因为他们把人的规条当做教义教导人[h]。’[i]

污秽由心而出

10 耶稣召来众人,对他们说:“你们当听,也当领悟: 11 不是进到口里的使人污秽;而是从口里出来的,这才使人污秽。”

12 那时,门徒们前来对他说:“法利赛人听了这话很反感[j],你知道吗?”

13 耶稣回答说:“凡不是我天父所栽种的,都将被连根拔起。 14 随他们吧!他们是给瞎子领路的瞎子[k]。如果瞎子给瞎子领路,两个人都会掉进坑里。”

15 彼得对耶稣说:“请把这个比喻解释给我们听。”

16 耶稣说:“到如今,你们也无知吗? 17 你们难道不明白:一切进入口里的,要进到肚子,然后被排到厕所; 18 而从口里出来的,是由心里发出的,这些才使人污秽。 19 因为从心里发出种种恶念:杀人、通奸、淫乱、偷窃、做伪证、毁谤, 20 这些才会使人污秽;而不洗手就吃饭,不会使人污秽。”

外邦妇人的信心

21 耶稣离开那地方,退到提尔西顿地区。 22 这时候,忽然来了一个住在那地区的迦南妇人,她呼叫说:“主啊,大卫的后裔[l],可怜我吧!我的女儿有鬼魔附身,痛苦万分。”

23 耶稣一句话也不回应,他的门徒们上前来求他,说:“这妇人一直跟在我们后面喊叫,请让她走吧。”

24 耶稣回答说:“我奉差派,只到以色列家迷失的羊那里去。”

25 那妇人来拜他,说:“主啊,求你帮助我!”

26 耶稣回答说:“拿儿女的饼扔给小狗,是不合宜的。”

27 妇人说:“是的,主啊!不过连小狗也吃得到主人桌子上掉下来的碎渣!”

28 于是耶稣回答她,说:“哦,妇人哪,你这信心[m]是大的!照你所愿的,给你成全吧。”从那一刻起,她的女儿就痊愈了。

在加利利湖边治病

29 耶稣离开那地方,来到加利利湖边[n],上了山坐在那里。 30 有一大群人来到他面前,带着瘸腿的、瞎眼的、残疾的、聋哑的还有许多其他人,把他们放在耶稣脚前;耶稣就使他们痊愈了。 31 结果众人看见聋哑的说话,残疾的康复,瘸腿的行走,瞎眼的看见,都感到惊奇,就荣耀以色列的神。

使四千人吃饱

32 耶稣召来他的门徒们,说:“我怜悯这群人,因为他们与我在一起已经三天了,也没有什么东西吃。我不愿意让他们饿着肚子回去,恐怕他们在路上晕倒。”

33 门徒们说:“我们在旷野,从哪里得这么多的食物让这么大一群人吃饱呢?”

34 耶稣问他们:“你们有多少饼?”

他们回答说:“七个,还有几条小鱼。”

35 耶稣就吩咐众人坐在地上, 36 于是拿起这七个饼和几条小鱼,祝谢以后,掰开,不断递给门徒们,他们又分给众人。 37 大家都吃了,并且吃饱了。然后,他们把剩下的碎块收拾起来,装满了七个筐子。 38 吃的人,不算妇女和孩子,就有四千。 39 耶稣遣散了人群以后,就上了船,来到茉加丹[o]地区。

Footnotes

  1. 马太福音 15:2 饭——原文直译“饼”。
  2. 马太福音 15:4 《出埃及记》20:12;《申命记》5:16。
  3. 马太福音 15:4 《出埃及记》21:17;《利未记》20:9。
  4. 马太福音 15:6 父母——有古抄本作“父亲”。
  5. 马太福音 15:6 神的话语——或译作“神的道”。
  6. 马太福音 15:6 话语——有古抄本作“命令”。
  7. 马太福音 15:8 有古抄本附“用口亲近我,”。
  8. 马太福音 15:9 他们把人的规条当做教义教导人——或译作“他们教导的教义是人的规条”。
  9. 马太福音 15:9 《以赛亚书》29:13。
  10. 马太福音 15:12 很反感——原文直译“被绊倒了”。
  11. 马太福音 15:14 给瞎子领路的瞎子——有古抄本作“瞎子的领路人”。
  12. 马太福音 15:22 大卫的后裔——或译作“大卫之子”。
  13. 马太福音 15:28 信心——指“对耶稣基督的信心”。
  14. 马太福音 15:29 湖——原文直译“海”。
  15. 马太福音 15:39 茉加丹——有古抄本作“茉大拉”。

上帝的律法与人类的传统

15 一些律法师和法利赛人从耶路撒冷来见耶稣,他们说: “您的门徒为什么不保持我们祖先遗留下来的传统?他们不洗手就吃东西!”

耶稣回答他们∶“为什么你们要为了自己的传统而违背上帝的命令呢? 上帝说∶‘要孝敬父母。’ [a]上帝还说∶‘侮辱父母的人必被处死。’ [b] 可是你们却教导一个人可以对父母说∶‘我有可用来帮助你们的东西,但是我不用它帮助你们,我要把它献给上帝。’ 你们这是在教他们不必孝敬父亲,所以你们在教执行上帝的话并不重要,你们认为更重要的是保持你们的传统。 虚伪的人啊!以赛亚对你们的预言是准确的:

‘这些人说他们尊敬我,
但实际上我对他们无关紧要。
他们对我的崇拜毫无价值,
他们教导的只是人定的规矩。’” (A)

10 耶稣把人们叫到身边,对他们说∶“你们不但要听,而且还要理解我的话。 11 吃进嘴里的东西不会玷污一个人,从嘴里说出来的话才会玷污他。”

12 耶稣的门徒走过来对他说∶“您知道吗?法利赛人听见您的话,他们被激怒了。”

13 耶稣答道∶“不是我的天父栽种的植物是要被拔掉的, 14 随他们去吧,他们是盲人领盲人。如果盲人领盲人,最终他们都会跌进沟里。”

15 彼得说∶“请给我们解释一下您刚才说的那个比喻。”

16 耶稣说∶“你们还不能理解吗? 17 你们难道不知道吗?从嘴里吃到肚子里的东西,又会从肚子里排泄出去; 18 而从嘴里说出来的话是来自内心的,它才会玷污一个人。 19 邪念、谋杀、通奸、不道德的性行为、偷盗、谎言、诽谤都源于人的内心。 20 正是这些东西使人们受到玷污,而用脏手吃东西并不会玷污一个人。”

耶稣帮助非犹太女子

21 耶稣离开那里,到推罗和西顿去了。 22 当地的一个迦南女子来见他,喊着∶“主啊,大卫的子孙,可怜可怜我吧!我女儿被鬼附体,痛苦万分。”

23 耶稣对她一言不发。门徒们走近耶稣说∶“您让她走开吧,她总跟在我们后边嚷嚷。”

24 耶稣答道∶“上帝只派我到迷途的以色列人中间来。”

25 那女子走过来跪在面前说∶“主,请帮帮我吧!”

26 耶稣回答说∶“我不该把给孩子吃的东西拿去喂狗。”

27 女子答道∶“您说的对,主,不过连狗也能吃从主人桌上掉下来的残渣剩饭。”

28 耶稣说∶“妇人,你有很强的信仰!祝你如愿以偿。”顿时,她女儿的病就好了。

耶稣治愈很多人

29 耶稣离开那里,来到加利利湖边。他登上一座山坡,坐了下来。

30 很多人聚到他身边,他们带来中有瘸腿的、失明的、残废的、聋哑的和其它各种各样的病人,他们躺在耶稣脚边,耶稣把他们一一治好了。 31 众人都为此感到惊讶。他们亲眼看见聋哑人开口说话,残疾人恢复正常,瘸腿的能行走,盲人见到光明。他们禁不住地赞美以色列的上帝。

耶稣向四千多人提供食物

32 耶稣把门徒叫到身边,对他们说∶“我很同情他们,这些人和我在一起已经三天了,也没有吃的东西。我不想让他们饿着肚子回去,他们可能会在路上晕倒的。”

33 门徒问∶“在这荒郊野外,我们到哪儿去找足够的食物给这么多人吃呀?”

34 耶稣问∶“你们有多少块面包?”

他们说∶“七块面包和几条小鱼。”

35 耶稣吩咐人群坐在地上。 36 他拿着七块面包和鱼,感谢上帝,然后他掰开食物,递给门徒们,他们又把食物分给了众人。 37 所有的人都吃饱了,之后门徒们收拾起剩下的食物,足足装满了七筐。 38 当时吃饭的人除了女人和孩子之外,大约有四千个男人。 39 吃完饭,耶稣打发人们回家去了,然后乘船到马加丹地区去了。

Footnotes

  1. 馬 太 福 音 15:4 引自旧约《出埃及记》20:12;《申命记》5:16。
  2. 馬 太 福 音 15:4 引自旧约《申命记》21:17。

15 Then there come to Jesus from Jerusalem Pharisees and scribes, saying, Why do thy disciples transgress the tradition of the elders? for they wash not their hands when they eat bread. And he answered and said unto them, Why do ye also transgress the commandment of God because of your tradition? For God said, [a]Honor thy father and thy mother: and, [b]He that speaketh evil of father or mother, let him [c]die the death. But ye say, Whosoever shall say to his father or his mother, That wherewith thou mightest have been profited by me is given to God; he shall not honor his father. [d]And ye have made void the [e]word of God because of your tradition. Ye hypocrites, well did Isaiah prophesy of you, saying,

[f]This people honoreth me with their lips;
But their heart is far from me.
But in vain do they worship me,
Teaching as their doctrines the precepts of men.

10 And he called to him the multitude, and said unto them, Hear, and understand: 11 Not that which entereth into the mouth defileth the man; but that which proceedeth out of the mouth, this defileth the man. 12 Then came the disciples, and said unto him, Knowest thou that the Pharisees were [g]offended, when they heard this saying? 13 But he answered and said, Every [h]plant which my heavenly Father planted not, shall be rooted up. 14 Let them alone: they are blind guides. And if the blind guide the blind, both shall fall into a pit. 15 And Peter answered and said unto him, Declare unto us the parable. 16 And he said, Are ye also even yet without understanding? 17 Perceive ye not, that whatsoever goeth into the mouth passeth into the belly, and is cast out into the draught? 18 But the things which proceed out of the mouth come forth out of the heart; and they defile the man. 19 For out of the heart come forth evil thoughts, murders, adulteries, fornications, thefts, false witness, railings: 20 these are the things which defile the man; but to eat with unwashen hands defileth not the man.

21 And Jesus went out thence, and withdrew into the parts of Tyre and Sidon. 22 And behold, a Canaanitish woman came out from those borders, and cried, saying, Have mercy on me, O Lord, thou son of David; my daughter is grievously vexed with a demon. 23 But he answered her not a word. And his disciples came and besought him, saying, Send her away; for she crieth after us. 24 But he answered and said, I was not sent but unto the lost sheep of the house of Israel. 25 But she came and [i]worshipped him, saying, Lord, help me. 26 And he answered and said, It is not meet to take the children’s [j]bread and cast it to the dogs. 27 But she said, Yea, Lord: for even the dogs eat of the crumbs which fall from their masters’ table. 28 Then Jesus answered and said unto her, O woman, great is thy faith: be it done unto thee even as thou wilt. And her daughter was healed from that hour.

29 And Jesus departed thence, and came nigh unto the sea of Galilee; and he went up into the mountain, and sat there. 30 And there came unto him great multitudes, having with them the lame, blind, dumb, maimed, and many others, and they cast them down at his feet; and he healed them: 31 insomuch that the multitude wondered, when they saw the dumb speaking, the maimed whole, and the lame walking, and the blind seeing: and they glorified the God of Israel.

32 And Jesus called unto him his disciples, and said, I have compassion on the multitude, because they continue with me now three days and have nothing to eat: and I would not send them away fasting, lest haply they faint on the way. 33 And the disciples say unto him, Whence should we have so many loaves in a desert place as to fill so great a multitude? 34 And Jesus said unto them, How many loaves have ye? And they said, Seven, and a few small fishes. 35 And he commanded the multitude to sit down on the ground; 36 and he took the seven loaves and the fishes; and he gave thanks and brake, and gave to the disciples, and the disciples to the multitudes. 37 And they all ate, and were filled: and they took up that which remained over of the broken pieces, seven baskets full. 38 And they that did eat were four thousand men, besides women and children. 39 And he sent away the multitudes, and entered into the boat, and came into the borders of Magadan.

Footnotes

  1. Matthew 15:4 Ex. 20:12; Dt. 5:16.
  2. Matthew 15:4 Ex. 21:17; Lev. 20:9.
  3. Matthew 15:4 Or, surely die
  4. Matthew 15:6 Some ancient authorities add or his mother.
  5. Matthew 15:6 Some ancient authorities read law.
  6. Matthew 15:8 Isa. 29:13.
  7. Matthew 15:12 Greek caused to stumble.
  8. Matthew 15:13 Greek planting.
  9. Matthew 15:25 See marginal note on 2:2.
  10. Matthew 15:26 Or, loaf