马可福音 13
Chinese Contemporary Bible (Simplified)
预言圣殿被毁
13 耶稣走出圣殿的时候，有一个门徒对祂说：“老师，你看！这是多么大的石头，多么宏伟的建筑啊！”
2 耶稣说：“你看见这宏伟的建筑了吗？将来它要被完全拆毁，找不到两块叠在一起的石头。”
3 耶稣面向圣殿坐在橄榄山上，彼得、雅各、约翰和安得烈私下来问祂： 4 “请告诉我们，这些事什么时候会发生？有什么预兆？”
5 耶稣对他们说：“你们要小心，免得被人迷惑。 6 将有很多人冒我的名来，说，‘我是基督’，欺骗许多人。
7 “你们听见战争爆发、战讯频传时，不要惊慌，因为这些事必然发生，只是末日还没有到。
8 “民族将与民族互斗，国家将与国家相争，各处将有地震和饥荒。这些只是灾难[a]的开始。
9 “你们要小心，因为你们将被送上法庭，将在会堂里受鞭打，又将为了我的缘故在官长和君王面前做见证。 10 不过，福音一定要先传遍天下。 11 你们被拘捕，受审讯的时候，不用预先考虑怎样辩解，到时候赐给你们什么话，你们就说什么话，因为那时候说话的不是你们自己，而是圣灵。
12 “那时，人必把自己的弟兄置于死地，父亲必把儿子置于死地，儿女必反叛父母，置他们于死地。 13 你们将为我的名而被众人憎恨，但坚忍到底的必定得救。
大灾难
14 “当你们看见‘那带来毁灭的可憎之物’站在不当站的地方时（读者须会意），住在犹太地区的人要逃到山上去； 15 在屋顶上的人不要下来，不要进房屋收拾行李； 16 在田间的人不要回家取外衣。 17 那时，孕妇和哺育婴儿的母亲们可就遭殃了！ 18 你们要祈求上帝使这些事不要在冬天发生， 19 因为那是上帝创造天地以来空前绝后的大灾难。 20 如果主不缩短灾期，恐怕没有人能活命，但为了祂所拣选的子民，祂已经缩短灾期。 21 那时，如果有人对你们说，‘看啊！基督在这里’，或说，‘基督在那里’，你们不要相信。 22 因为假基督和假先知将出现，行各种神迹奇事，如果可能，甚至会迷惑上帝拣选的子民。 23 你们要小心，我已经把一切预先告诉你们了。
人子降临
24 “大灾难过后，
太阳昏暗，
月亮无光，
25 星宿陨落，
天体震动。
26 那时，世人必看到人子驾着云、带着极大的能力和荣耀降临。 27 祂必差遣天使从四面八方、天涯海角招聚祂拣选的人。
28 “你们可以从无花果树学个道理。当无花果树发芽长叶的时候，你们就知道夏天快来了。 29 同样，当你们看见这些事情发生时，就知道人子快来了，就在门口。 30 我实在告诉你们，这个世代还没有过去，这一切都要发生。 31 天地都要过去，我的话却永远长存。
32 “但没有人知道那日子和时辰何时来到，连天上的天使和人子都不知道，只有天父知道。 33 你们要小心，警醒祷告，因为你们不知道那日子何时来到。
34 “这就好像一个人在出远门之前，把家中的事交给仆人，让他们各做各的工作，又吩咐守门的人要警醒。 35 所以你们要警醒，因为你们不知道主人什么时候回来，可能是黄昏，可能是夜半，也可能是黎明或早上。 36 别让他突然回来时看到你们在睡觉。 37 我劝你们也劝所有的人，要警醒！”
Footnotes
- 13:8 “灾难”希腊文是“生产之痛”。
ΚΑΤΑ ΜΑΡΚΟΝ 13
1881 Westcott-Hort New Testament
13 και εκπορευομενου αυτου εκ του ιερου λεγει αυτω εις των μαθητων αυτου διδασκαλε ιδε ποταποι λιθοι και ποταπαι οικοδομαι
2 και ο ιησους ειπεν αυτω βλεπεις ταυτας τας μεγαλας οικοδομας ου μη αφεθη ωδε λιθος επι λιθον ος ου μη καταλυθη
3 και καθημενου αυτου εις το ορος των ελαιων κατεναντι του ιερου επηρωτα αυτον κατ ιδιαν πετρος και ιακωβος και ιωαννης και ανδρεας
4 ειπον ημιν ποτε ταυτα εσται και τι το σημειον οταν μελλη ταυτα συντελεισθαι παντα
5 ο δε ιησους ηρξατο λεγειν αυτοις βλεπετε μη τις υμας πλανηση
6 πολλοι ελευσονται επι τω ονοματι μου λεγοντες οτι εγω ειμι και πολλους πλανησουσιν
7 οταν δε ακουσητε πολεμους και ακοας πολεμων μη θροεισθε δει γενεσθαι αλλ ουπω το τελος
8 εγερθησεται γαρ εθνος επ εθνος και βασιλεια επι βασιλειαν εσονται σεισμοι κατα τοπους εσονται λιμοι αρχη ωδινων ταυτα
9 βλεπετε δε υμεις εαυτους παραδωσουσιν υμας εις συνεδρια και εις συναγωγας δαρησεσθε και επι ηγεμονων και βασιλεων σταθησεσθε ενεκεν εμου εις μαρτυριον αυτοις
10 και εις παντα τα εθνη πρωτον δει κηρυχθηναι το ευαγγελιον
11 και οταν αγωσιν υμας παραδιδοντες μη προμεριμνατε τι λαλησητε αλλ ο εαν δοθη υμιν εν εκεινη τη ωρα τουτο λαλειτε ου γαρ εστε υμεις οι λαλουντες αλλα το πνευμα το αγιον
12 και παραδωσει αδελφος αδελφον εις θανατον και πατηρ τεκνον και επαναστησονται τεκνα επι γονεις και θανατωσουσιν αυτους
13 και εσεσθε μισουμενοι υπο παντων δια το ονομα μου ο δε υπομεινας εις τελος ουτος σωθησεται
14 οταν δε ιδητε το βδελυγμα της ερημωσεως εστηκοτα οπου ου δει ο αναγινωσκων νοειτω τοτε οι εν τη ιουδαια φευγετωσαν εις τα ορη
15 ο επι του δωματος μη καταβατω μηδε εισελθατω τι αραι εκ της οικιας αυτου
16 και ο εις τον αγρον μη επιστρεψατω εις τα οπισω αραι το ιματιον αυτου
17 ουαι δε ταις εν γαστρι εχουσαις και ταις θηλαζουσαις εν εκειναις ταις ημεραις
18 προσευχεσθε δε ινα μη γενηται χειμωνος
19 εσονται γαρ αι ημεραι εκειναι θλιψις οια ου γεγονεν τοιαυτη απ αρχης κτισεως ην εκτισεν ο θεος εως του νυν και ου μη γενηται
20 και ει μη εκολοβωσεν κυριος τας ημερας ουκ αν εσωθη πασα σαρξ αλλα δια τους εκλεκτους ους εξελεξατο εκολοβωσεν τας ημερας
21 και τοτε εαν τις υμιν ειπη ιδε ωδε ο χριστος ιδε εκει μη πιστευετε
22 εγερθησονται γαρ ψευδοχριστοι και ψευδοπροφηται και δωσουσιν σημεια και τερατα προς το αποπλαναν ει δυνατον τους εκλεκτους
23 υμεις δε βλεπετε προειρηκα υμιν παντα
24 αλλα εν εκειναις ταις ημεραις μετα την θλιψιν εκεινην ο ηλιος σκοτισθησεται και η σεληνη ου δωσει το φεγγος αυτης
25 και οι αστερες εσονται εκ του ουρανου πιπτοντες και αι δυναμεις αι εν τοις ουρανοις σαλευθησονται
26 και τοτε οψονται τον υιον του ανθρωπου ερχομενον εν νεφελαις μετα δυναμεως πολλης και δοξης
27 και τοτε αποστελει τους αγγελους και επισυναξει τους εκλεκτους [αυτου] εκ των τεσσαρων ανεμων απ ακρου γης εως ακρου ουρανου
28 απο δε της συκης μαθετε την παραβολην οταν ηδη ο κλαδος αυτης απαλος γενηται και εκφυη τα φυλλα γινωσκετε οτι εγγυς το θερος εστιν
29 ουτως και υμεις οταν ιδητε ταυτα γινομενα γινωσκετε οτι εγγυς εστιν επι θυραις
30 αμην λεγω υμιν οτι ου μη παρελθη η γενεα αυτη μεχρις ου ταυτα παντα γενηται
31 ο ουρανος και η γη παρελευσονται οι δε λογοι μου ου παρελευσονται
32 περι δε της ημερας εκεινης η της ωρας ουδεις οιδεν ουδε οι αγγελοι εν ουρανω ουδε ο υιος ει μη ο πατηρ
33 βλεπετε αγρυπνειτε ουκ οιδατε γαρ ποτε ο καιρος [εστιν]
34 ως ανθρωπος αποδημος αφεις την οικιαν αυτου και δους τοις δουλοις αυτου την εξουσιαν εκαστω το εργον αυτου και τω θυρωρω ενετειλατο ινα γρηγορη
35 γρηγορειτε ουν ουκ οιδατε γαρ ποτε ο κυριος της οικιας ερχεται η οψε η μεσονυκτιον η αλεκτοροφωνιας η πρωι
36 μη ελθων εξαιφνης ευρη υμας καθευδοντας
37 ο δε υμιν λεγω πασιν λεγω γρηγορειτε
馬可福音 13
Chinese Contemporary Bible (Traditional)
預言聖殿被毀
13 耶穌走出聖殿的時候，有一個門徒對祂說：「老師，你看！這是多麼大的石頭，多麼宏偉的建築啊！」
2 耶穌說：「你看見這宏偉的建築了嗎？將來它要被完全拆毀，找不到兩塊疊在一起的石頭。」
3 耶穌面向聖殿坐在橄欖山上，彼得、雅各、約翰和安得烈私下來問祂： 4 「請告訴我們，這些事什麼時候會發生？有什麼預兆？」
5 耶穌對他們說：「你們要小心，免得被人迷惑。 6 將有很多人冒我的名來，說，『我是基督』，欺騙許多人。
7 「你們聽見戰爭爆發、戰訊頻傳時，不要驚慌，因為這些事必然發生，只是末日還沒有到。
8 「民族將與民族互鬥，國家將與國家相爭，各處將有地震和饑荒。這些只是災難[a]的開始。
9 「你們要小心，因為你們將被送上法庭，將在會堂裡受鞭打，又將為了我的緣故在官長和君王面前做見證。 10 不過，福音一定要先傳遍天下。 11 你們被拘捕，受審訊的時候，不用預先考慮怎樣辯解，到時候賜給你們什麼話，你們就說什麼話，因為那時候說話的不是你們自己，而是聖靈。
12 「那時，人必把自己的弟兄置於死地，父親必把兒子置於死地，兒女必反叛父母，置他們於死地。 13 你們將為我的名而被眾人憎恨，但堅忍到底的必定得救。
大災難
14 「當你們看見『那帶來毀滅的可憎之物』站在不當站的地方時（讀者須會意），住在猶太地區的人要逃到山上去； 15 在屋頂上的人不要下來，不要進房屋收拾行李； 16 在田間的人不要回家取外衣。 17 那時，孕婦和哺育嬰兒的母親們可就遭殃了！ 18 你們要祈求上帝使這些事不要在冬天發生， 19 因為那是上帝創造天地以來空前絕後的大災難。 20 如果主不縮短災期，恐怕沒有人能活命，但為了祂所揀選的子民，祂已經縮短災期。 21 那時，如果有人對你們說，『看啊！基督在這裡』，或說，『基督在那裡』，你們不要相信。 22 因為假基督和假先知將出現，行各種神蹟奇事，如果可能，甚至會迷惑上帝揀選的子民。 23 你們要小心，我已經把一切預先告訴你們了。
人子降臨
24 「大災難過後，
太陽昏暗，
月亮無光，
25 星宿隕落，
天體震動。
26 那時，世人必看到人子駕著雲、帶著極大的能力和榮耀降臨。 27 祂必差遣天使從四面八方、天涯海角招聚祂揀選的人。
28 「你們可以從無花果樹學個道理。當無花果樹發芽長葉的時候，你們就知道夏天快來了。 29 同樣，當你們看見這些事情發生時，就知道人子快來了，就在門口。 30 我實在告訴你們，這個世代還沒有過去，這一切都要發生。 31 天地都要過去，我的話卻永遠長存。
32 「但沒有人知道那日子和時辰何時來到，連天上的天使和人子都不知道，只有天父知道。 33 你們要小心，警醒禱告，因為你們不知道那日子何時來到。
34 「這就好像一個人在出遠門之前，把家中的事交給僕人，讓他們各做各的工作，又吩咐守門的人要警醒。 35 所以你們要警醒，因為你們不知道主人什麼時候回來，可能是黃昏，可能是夜半，也可能是黎明或早上。 36 別讓他突然回來時看到你們在睡覺。 37 我勸你們也勸所有的人，要警醒！」
Footnotes
- 13·8 「災難」希臘文是「生產之痛」。
Mark 13
New English Translation
The Destruction of the Temple
13 Now[a] as Jesus[b] was going out of the temple courts, one of his disciples said to him, “Teacher, look at these tremendous stones and buildings!”[c] 2 Jesus said to him, “Do you see these great buildings? Not one stone will be left on another.[d] All will be torn down!”[e]
Signs of the End of the Age
3 So[f] while he was sitting on the Mount of Olives opposite the temple, Peter, James, John,[g] and Andrew asked him privately, 4 “Tell us, when will these things[h] happen? And what will be the sign that all these things are about to take place?” 5 Jesus began to say to them, “Watch out[i] that no one misleads you. 6 Many will come in my name, saying, ‘I am he,’[j] and they will mislead many. 7 When you hear of wars and rumors of wars, do not be alarmed. These things must happen, but the end is still to come.[k] 8 For nation will rise up in arms[l] against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. There will be earthquakes in various places, and there will be famines.[m] These are but the beginning of birth pains.
Persecution of Disciples
9 “You must watch out for yourselves. You will be handed over[n] to councils[o] and beaten in the synagogues.[p] You will stand before governors and kings[q] because of me, as a witness to them. 10 First the gospel must be preached to all nations. 11 When they arrest you and hand you over for trial,[r] do not worry about what to speak. But say whatever is given you at that time,[s] for it is not you speaking, but the Holy Spirit. 12 Brother will hand over brother to death, and a father his child. Children will rise against[t] parents and have them put to death. 13 You will be hated by everyone because of my name.[u] But the one who endures to the end will be saved.[v]
The Abomination of Desolation
14 “But when you see the abomination of desolation[w] standing where it[x] should not be” (let the reader understand),[y] “then those in Judea must flee[z] to the mountains. 15 The one on the roof[aa] must not come down or go inside to take anything out of his house.[ab] 16 The one in the field must not turn back to get his cloak. 17 Woe to those who are pregnant and to those who are nursing their babies in those days! 18 Pray that it may not be in winter. 19 For in those days there will be suffering[ac] unlike anything that has happened[ad] from the beginning of the creation that God created until now, or ever will happen. 20 And if the Lord had not cut short those days, no one would be saved. But because of the elect, whom he chose, he has cut them[ae] short. 21 Then[af] if anyone says to you, ‘Look, here is the Christ!’[ag] or ‘Look, there he is!’ do not believe him. 22 For false messiahs[ah] and false prophets will appear and perform signs and wonders to deceive, if possible, the elect. 23 Be careful! I have told you everything ahead of time.
The Arrival of the Son of Man
24 “But in those days, after that suffering,[ai] the sun will be darkened and the moon will not give its light; 25 the stars will be falling from heaven, and the powers in the heavens will be shaken.[aj] 26 Then everyone[ak] will see the Son of Man arriving in the clouds[al] with great power and glory. 27 Then he will send angels and they will gather his elect from the four winds, from the ends of the earth to the ends of heaven.[am]
The Parable of the Fig Tree
28 “Learn this parable from the fig tree: Whenever its branch becomes tender and puts out its leaves, you know that summer is near. 29 So also you, when you see these things happening, know[an] that he is near, right at the door. 30 I tell you the truth,[ao] this generation[ap] will not pass away until all these things take place. 31 Heaven and earth will pass away, but my words will never pass away.[aq]
Be Ready!
32 “But as for that day or hour no one knows it—neither the angels in heaven, nor the Son[ar]—except the Father. 33 Watch out! Stay alert![as] For you do not know when the time will come. 34 It is like a man going on a journey. He left his house and put his slaves[at] in charge, assigning[au] to each his work, and commanded the doorkeeper to stay alert. 35 Stay alert, then, because you do not know when the owner of the house will return—whether during evening, at midnight, when the rooster crows, or at dawn— 36 or else he might find you asleep when he returns suddenly. 37 What I say to you I say to everyone: Stay alert!”
Footnotes
- Mark 13:1 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “now” to indicate the transition to a new topic.
- Mark 13:1 tn Grk “he”; the referent (Jesus) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
- Mark 13:1 sn The Jerusalem temple was widely admired around the world. See Josephus, Ant. 15.11 [15.380-425]; J. W. 5.5 [5.184-227] and Tacitus, History 5.8, who called it “immensely opulent.” Josephus compared it to a beautiful snowcapped mountain.
- Mark 13:2 sn With the statement not one stone will be left on another Jesus predicted the total destruction of the temple, something that did occur in a.d. 70.
- Mark 13:2 tn Grk “not one stone will be left here on another which will not be thrown down.”
- Mark 13:3 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so” to indicate the implied result of previous action(s) in the narrative.
- Mark 13:3 tn Grk “and James and John,” but καί (kai) has not been translated since English normally uses a coordinating conjunction only between the last two elements in a series of three or more.
- Mark 13:4 sn Both references to these things are plural, so more than the temple’s destruction is in view. The question may presuppose that such a catastrophe signals the end.
- Mark 13:5 tn Or “Be on guard.”
- Mark 13:6 tn That is, “I am the Messiah.”
- Mark 13:7 tn Grk “it is not yet the end.”
- Mark 13:8 tn For the translation “rise up in arms” see L&N 55.2.
- Mark 13:8 sn See Isa 5:13-14; 13:6-16; Hag 2:6-7; Zech 14:4.
- Mark 13:9 tn Grk “They will hand you over.” “They” is an indefinite plural, referring to people in general. The parallel in Matt 10:17 makes this explicit.
- Mark 13:9 sn Councils in this context has a non-technical sense referring to local judicial bodies (courts) attached to the Jewish synagogue (cf. BDAG 967 s.v. συνέδριον 1.a). These courts would be responsible for meting out justice and discipline within the Jewish community.
- Mark 13:9 sn See the note on synagogue in 1:21.
- Mark 13:9 sn These statements look at persecution both from a Jewish context as the mention of councils and synagogues suggests, and from a Gentile one as the reference to governors and kings suggests. Some fulfillment of Jewish persecution can be seen in Acts.
- Mark 13:11 tn Or “hand you over into custody,” in particular “as a t.t. of police and courts ‘hand over into [the] custody [of]’” (BDAG 762 s.v. παραδίδωμι 1.b). In context some sort of trial is implied (cf. Luke 12:11).
- Mark 13:11 tn Grk “in that hour.”
- Mark 13:12 tn Or “will rebel against.”
- Mark 13:13 sn See 1 Cor 1:25-31.
- Mark 13:13 sn But the one who endures to the end will be saved. Jesus was not claiming here that salvation is by works, because he had already taught that it is by grace (cf. 10:15). He was simply arguing that genuine faith evidences itself in persistence through even the worst of trials.
- Mark 13:14 sn The reference to the abomination of desolation is an allusion to Dan 9:27. Though some have seen the fulfillment of Daniel’s prophecy in the actions of Antiochus IV (or a representative of his) in 167 b.c., the words of Jesus seem to indicate that Antiochus was not the final fulfillment, but that there was (from Jesus’ perspective) still another fulfillment yet to come. Some argue that this was realized in a.d. 70, while others claim that it refers specifically to Antichrist and will not be fully realized until the period of the great tribulation at the end of the age (cf. Mark 13:19, 24; Matt 24:21; Rev 3:10).
- Mark 13:14 tn Or perhaps “he.” Those who see the participle ἑστηκότα as masculine singular generally understand it to refer to the individual known as the Antichrist, often citing 2 Thess 2:3-4 as a related passage. By grammatical form the participle ἑστηκότα can also be neuter plural, however, and this is sometimes interpreted as referring to various abominations or atrocities committed during the intertestamental period, or to a statue set up in the temple, or to an altar constructed on top of the altar of burnt offering for the purpose of pagan sacrifices. Each of these views is not without difficulties. Confining the issue merely to the grammatical problem, the interpreter is forced to choose between a discrepancy in grammatical gender (the participle ἑστηκότα is masculine singular but the word it modifies, βδέλυγμα, is neuter singular) or a discrepancy in number (the participle ἑστηκότα is neuter plural but the word it modifies, βδέλυγμα, is neuter singular. Given that the issue is one of grammatical gender, however, it is still possible for the neuter head noun (βδέλυγμα) to refer to a masculine individual rather than a set of circumstances or a thing. The present translation uses “it” for the following pronoun, allowing a degree of ambiguity to remain for the English reader.
- Mark 13:14 sn This parenthetical comment is generally regarded as a command by the author made directly to the readers, not as part of Jesus’ original speech. For this reason the statement is not placed within quotation marks.
- Mark 13:14 sn Fleeing to the mountains is a key OT image: Gen 19:17; Judg 6:2; Isa 15:5; Jer 16:16; Zech 14:5.
- Mark 13:15 sn Most of the roofs in the NT were flat roofs made of pounded dirt, sometimes mixed with lime or stones, supported by heavy wooden beams. They generally had an easy means of access, either a sturdy wooden ladder or stone stairway, sometimes on the outside of the house.
- Mark 13:15 sn The nature of the judgment coming upon them will be so quick and devastating that one will not have time to come down or go inside to take anything out of his house. It is best just to escape as quickly as possible.
- Mark 13:19 tn Traditionally, “tribulation.”
- Mark 13:19 sn Suffering unlike anything that has happened. Some refer this event to the destruction of Jerusalem in a.d. 70. While the events of a.d. 70 may reflect somewhat the comments Jesus makes here, the reference to the scope and severity of this judgment strongly suggest that much more is in view. Most likely Jesus is referring to the great end-time judgment on Jerusalem in the great tribulation.
- Mark 13:20 tn Grk “the days.”
- Mark 13:21 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “then” to indicate the implied sequence of events within the narrative.
- Mark 13:21 tn Or “the Messiah”; both “Christ” (Greek) and “Messiah” (Hebrew and Aramaic) mean “one who has been anointed.”sn See the note on Christ in 8:29.
- Mark 13:22 tn Or “false christs”; both “Christ” (Greek) and “Messiah” (Hebrew and Aramaic) mean “one who has been anointed.”
- Mark 13:24 tn Traditionally, “tribulation.”
- Mark 13:25 sn An allusion to Isa 13:10; 34:4 (LXX); Joel 2:10. The heavens were seen as the abode of heavenly forces, so their shaking indicates distress in the spiritual realm. Although some take the powers as a reference to bodies in the heavens (like stars and planets, “the heavenly bodies,” NIV) this is not as likely.
- Mark 13:26 tn Grk “they.”
- Mark 13:26 sn An allusion to Dan 7:13. Here is Jesus returning with full judging authority.
- Mark 13:27 tn Or “of the sky”; the Greek word οὐρανός (ouranos) may be translated “sky” or “heaven,” depending on the context.
- Mark 13:29 tn The verb γινώσκετε (ginōskete, “know”) can be parsed as either present indicative or present imperative. In this context the imperative fits better, since the movement is from analogy (trees and seasons) to the future (the signs of the coming of the kingdom) and since the emphasis is on preparation for this event.
- Mark 13:30 tn Grk “Truly (ἀμήν, amēn), I say to you.”
- Mark 13:30 sn This is one of the hardest verses in the gospels to interpret. Various views exist for what generation means. (1) Some take it as meaning “race” and thus as an assurance that the Jewish race (nation) will not pass away. But it is very questionable that the Greek term γενεά (genea) can have this meaning. Two other options are possible. (2) Generation might mean “this type of generation” and refer to the generation of wicked humanity. Then the point is that humanity will not perish, because God will redeem it. Or (3) generation may refer to “the generation that sees the signs of the end” (v. 26), who will also see the end itself. In other words, once the movement to the return of Christ starts, all the events connected with it happen very quickly, in rapid succession.
- Mark 13:31 sn The words that Jesus predicts here will never pass away. They are more stable and lasting than creation itself! For this kind of image, see Isa 40:8; 55:10-11.
- Mark 13:32 sn The phrase nor the Son has caused a great deal of theological debate because on the surface it appears to conflict with the concept of Jesus’ deity. The straightforward meaning of the text is that the Son does not know the time of his return. If Jesus were divine, though, wouldn’t he know this information? There are other passages which similarly indicate that Jesus did not know certain things. For example, Luke 2:52 indicates that Jesus grew in wisdom; this has to mean that Jesus did not know everything all the time but learned as he grew. So Mark 13:32 is not alone in implying that Jesus did not know certain things. The best option for understanding Mark 13:32 and similar passages is to hold the two concepts in tension: The Son in his earthly life and ministry had limited knowledge of certain things, yet he was still deity.
- Mark 13:33 tc The vast majority of witnesses (א A C L W Θ Ψ ƒ1,13 M lat sy co) have καὶ προσεύχεσθε after ἀγρυπνεῖτε (agrupneite kai proseuchesthe, “stay alert and pray”). This may be a motivated reading, influenced by the similar command in Mark 14:38 where προσεύχεσθε is solidly attested, and more generally from the parallel in Luke 21:36 (though δέομαι [deomai, “ask”] is used there). As B. M. Metzger notes, it is a predictable variant that scribes would have been likely to produce independently of each other (TCGNT 95). The words are not found in B D a c d k. Although the external evidence for the shorter reading is slender, it probably better accounts for the longer reading than vice versa.
- Mark 13:34 tn See the note on the word “slave” in 10:44.
- Mark 13:34 tn Grk “giving.”
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