八福

耶穌看見這些人群,就上了山,剛坐下,門徒便走到祂跟前, 祂就開口教導他們,說:

「心靈貧窮的人有福了,
因為天國是他們的。
哀慟的人有福了,
因為他們必得安慰。
謙和的人有福了,
因為他們必承受土地。
愛慕公義如饑似渴的人有福了,
因為他們必得飽足。
心存憐憫的人有福了,
因為他們必蒙上帝的憐憫。
心靈純潔的人有福了,
因為他們必看見上帝。
使人和睦的人有福了,
因為他們必被稱為上帝的兒女。
10 為義受迫害的人有福了,
因為天國是他們的。

11 「人們因為我的緣故侮辱、迫害、肆意毀謗你們,你們就有福了。 12 要歡喜快樂,因為你們在天上有很大的獎賞。他們也曾這樣迫害以前的先知。

鹽和光

13 「你們是世上的鹽。如果鹽失去鹹味,怎能使它再變鹹呢?它將毫無用處,只有被丟在外面任人踐踏。 14 你們是世上的光,如同建在山上的城一樣無法隱藏。 15 人點亮了燈,不會把它放在斗底下,而是放在燈臺上,好照亮全家。 16 同樣,你們的光也應當照在人面前,好讓他們看見你們的好行為,便讚美你們天上的父。

成全律法

17 「不要以為我是來廢除律法和先知書,我不是來廢除,乃是來成全。 18 我實在告訴你們,就是到天地都消失了,律法的一點一劃都不會廢除,全都要成就。 19 所以,誰違背這些誡命中最小的一條,並教導別人違背,誰在天國將被稱為最小的。但誰遵守這些誡命,並教導別人遵守,誰在天國將被稱為大的。 20 我告訴你們,除非你們的義勝過律法教師和法利賽人的義,否則斷不能進天國。

論仇恨

21 「你們聽過吩咐古人的話,『不可殺人,殺人的要受審判。』 22 但我告訴你們,凡無緣無故[a]向弟兄發怒的,要受審判;凡罵弟兄是白癡的,要受公會[b]的審判;凡罵弟兄是笨蛋的,難逃地獄的火。

23 「所以,你在祭壇前獻祭的時候,要是想起有弟兄和你有過節, 24 就該把祭物留在祭壇前,先去跟他和好,然後再來獻祭。

25 「趁著你和告你的人還在去法庭的路上,你要趕緊與對方和解。不然,他會把你交給審判官,審判官會把你交給差役關進監牢。 26 我實在告訴你,要是有一分錢沒有還清,你絕不能從那裡出來。

論通姦

27 「你們聽過這樣的話,『不可通姦。』 28 但我告訴你們,凡看見婦女就動淫念的,他在心裡已經犯了通姦罪。 29 如果你的右眼使你犯罪,就把它剜掉!寧可失去身體的一部分,也比整個人下地獄好。 30 如果你的右手使你犯罪,就把它砍掉!寧可失去身體的一部分,也比整個人下地獄好。

論休妻

31 「還有話說,『人若休妻,必須給她休書』。 32 但我告訴你們,除非是妻子不貞,否則,休妻就是使妻子犯通姦罪,娶被休女子的人也犯了通姦罪。

論起誓

33 「你們也聽過吩咐古人的話,『不可違背誓言,總要向主遵守所起的誓。』 34 但我告訴你們,不可起誓。不可指著天起誓,因為天是上帝的寶座。 35 不可指著地起誓,因為地是上帝的腳凳。不可指著聖城耶路撒冷起誓,因為那是大君王的城。 36 也不可指著自己的頭起誓,因為你不能使一根頭髮變黑或變白。 37 你們說話,是就說是,不是就說不是,多說的便是來自那惡者[c]

論愛仇敵

38 「你們聽過這樣的話,『以眼還眼,以牙還牙。』 39 但我告訴你們,不要跟惡人作對。有人打你的右臉,連左臉也轉過來讓他打。 40 有人想控告你,要奪取你的內衣,連外衣也給他。 41 有人強迫你走一里路,你就跟他走二里路。 42 有求你的,就給他;有向你借的,不可拒絕他。

43 「你們聽過這樣的話,『要愛鄰居,恨仇敵。』 44 但我告訴你們,要愛仇敵,為迫害你們的人禱告。 45 這樣,你們才是天父的孩子。因為祂讓陽光照好人也照壞人,降雨給義人也給惡人。 46 如果你們只愛那些愛你們的人,有什麼值得嘉獎的呢?就是稅吏也會這樣做。 47 如果你們只問候自己的弟兄,有什麼特別呢?就是外族人也會這樣做。 48 所以,你們要純全,正如你們的天父是純全的。

Footnotes

  1. 5·22 有古卷無「無緣無故」。
  2. 5·22 公會」是當時猶太人的最高司法機構,處理宗教、道德和倫理等事務。
  3. 5·37 那惡者即魔鬼,又名撒旦。

You’re Blessed

1-2 When Jesus saw his ministry drawing huge crowds, he climbed a hillside. Those who were apprenticed to him, the committed, climbed with him. Arriving at a quiet place, he sat down and taught his climbing companions. This is what he said:

“You’re blessed when you’re at the end of your rope. With less of you there is more of God and his rule.

“You’re blessed when you feel you’ve lost what is most dear to you. Only then can you be embraced by the One most dear to you.

“You’re blessed when you’re content with just who you are—no more, no less. That’s the moment you find yourselves proud owners of everything that can’t be bought.

“You’re blessed when you’ve worked up a good appetite for God. He’s food and drink in the best meal you’ll ever eat.

“You’re blessed when you care. At the moment of being ‘care-full,’ you find yourselves cared for.

“You’re blessed when you get your inside world—your mind and heart—put right. Then you can see God in the outside world.

“You’re blessed when you can show people how to cooperate instead of compete or fight. That’s when you discover who you really are, and your place in God’s family.

10 “You’re blessed when your commitment to God provokes persecution. The persecution drives you even deeper into God’s kingdom.

11-12 “Not only that—count yourselves blessed every time people put you down or throw you out or speak lies about you to discredit me. What it means is that the truth is too close for comfort and they are uncomfortable. You can be glad when that happens—give a cheer, even!—for though they don’t like it, I do! And all heaven applauds. And know that you are in good company. My prophets and witnesses have always gotten into this kind of trouble.

Salt and Light

13 “Let me tell you why you are here. You’re here to be salt-seasoning that brings out the God-flavors of this earth. If you lose your saltiness, how will people taste godliness? You’ve lost your usefulness and will end up in the garbage.

14-16 “Here’s another way to put it: You’re here to be light, bringing out the God-colors in the world. God is not a secret to be kept. We’re going public with this, as public as a city on a hill. If I make you light-bearers, you don’t think I’m going to hide you under a bucket, do you? I’m putting you on a light stand. Now that I’ve put you there on a hilltop, on a light stand—shine! Keep open house; be generous with your lives. By opening up to others, you’ll prompt people to open up with God, this generous Father in heaven.

Completing God’s Law

17-18 “Don’t suppose for a minute that I have come to demolish the Scriptures—either God’s Law or the Prophets. I’m not here to demolish but to complete. I am going to put it all together, pull it all together in a vast panorama. God’s Law is more real and lasting than the stars in the sky and the ground at your feet. Long after stars burn out and earth wears out, God’s Law will be alive and working.

19-20 “Trivialize even the smallest item in God’s Law and you will only have trivialized yourself. But take it seriously, show the way for others, and you will find honor in the kingdom. Unless you do far better than the Pharisees in the matters of right living, you won’t know the first thing about entering the kingdom.

Murder

21-22 “You’re familiar with the command to the ancients, ‘Do not murder.’ I’m telling you that anyone who is so much as angry with a brother or sister is guilty of murder. Carelessly call a brother ‘idiot!’ and you just might find yourself hauled into court. Thoughtlessly yell ‘stupid!’ at a sister and you are on the brink of hellfire. The simple moral fact is that words kill.

23-24 “This is how I want you to conduct yourself in these matters. If you enter your place of worship and, about to make an offering, you suddenly remember a grudge a friend has against you, abandon your offering, leave immediately, go to this friend and make things right. Then and only then, come back and work things out with God.

25-26 “Or say you’re out on the street and an old enemy accosts you. Don’t lose a minute. Make the first move; make things right with him. After all, if you leave the first move to him, knowing his track record, you’re likely to end up in court, maybe even jail. If that happens, you won’t get out without a stiff fine.

Adultery and Divorce

27-28 “You know the next commandment pretty well, too: ‘Don’t go to bed with another’s spouse.’ But don’t think you’ve preserved your virtue simply by staying out of bed. Your heart can be corrupted by lust even quicker than your body. Those ogling looks you think nobody notices—they also corrupt.

29-30 “Let’s not pretend this is easier than it really is. If you want to live a morally pure life, here’s what you have to do: You have to blind your right eye the moment you catch it in a lustful leer. You have to choose to live one-eyed or else be dumped on a moral trash pile. And you have to chop off your right hand the moment you notice it raised threateningly. Better a bloody stump than your entire being discarded for good in the dump.

31-32 “Remember the Scripture that says, ‘Whoever divorces his wife, let him do it legally, giving her divorce papers and her legal rights’? Too many of you are using that as a cover for selfishness and whim, pretending to be righteous just because you are ‘legal.’ Please, no more pretending. If you divorce your wife, you’re responsible for making her an adulteress (unless she has already made herself that by sexual promiscuity). And if you marry such a divorced adulteress, you’re automatically an adulterer yourself. You can’t use legal cover to mask a moral failure.

Empty Promises

33-37 “And don’t say anything you don’t mean. This counsel is embedded deep in our traditions. You only make things worse when you lay down a smoke screen of pious talk, saying, ‘I’ll pray for you,’ and never doing it, or saying, ‘God be with you,’ and not meaning it. You don’t make your words true by embellishing them with religious lace. In making your speech sound more religious, it becomes less true. Just say ‘yes’ and ‘no.’ When you manipulate words to get your own way, you go wrong.

Love Your Enemies

38-42 “Here’s another old saying that deserves a second look: ‘Eye for eye, tooth for tooth.’ Is that going to get us anywhere? Here’s what I propose: ‘Don’t hit back at all.’ If someone strikes you, stand there and take it. If someone drags you into court and sues for the shirt off your back, giftwrap your best coat and make a present of it. And if someone takes unfair advantage of you, use the occasion to practice the servant life. No more tit-for-tat stuff. Live generously.

43-47 “You’re familiar with the old written law, ‘Love your friend,’ and its unwritten companion, ‘Hate your enemy.’ I’m challenging that. I’m telling you to love your enemies. Let them bring out the best in you, not the worst. When someone gives you a hard time, respond with the supple moves of prayer, for then you are working out of your true selves, your God-created selves. This is what God does. He gives his best—the sun to warm and the rain to nourish—to everyone, regardless: the good and bad, the nice and nasty. If all you do is love the lovable, do you expect a bonus? Anybody can do that. If you simply say hello to those who greet you, do you expect a medal? Any run-of-the-mill sinner does that.

48 “In a word, what I’m saying is, Grow up. You’re kingdom subjects. Now live like it. Live out your God-created identity. Live generously and graciously toward others, the way God lives toward you.”

山上寶訓

耶穌看見這一羣人,就上了山,坐下後,門徒到他跟前來, 他開口教導他們說:

論福(A)

「心靈貧窮的人有福了!
因為天國是他們的。
哀慟的人有福了!
因為他們必得安慰。
謙和的人有福了!
因為他們必承受土地。
飢渴慕義的人有福了!
因為他們必得飽足。
憐憫人的人有福了!
因為他們必蒙憐憫。
清心的人有福了!
因為他們必得見 神。
締造和平的人有福了!
因為他們必稱為 神的兒子。
10 為義受迫害的人有福了!
因為天國是他們的。

11 「人若因我辱罵你們,迫害你們,捏造各樣壞話毀謗你們[a],你們就有福了! 12 要歡喜快樂,因為你們在天上的賞賜是很多的。在你們以前的先知,人也是這樣迫害他們。」

鹽和光(B)

13 「你們是地上的鹽。鹽若失了味,怎能叫它再鹹呢?它不再有用,只好被丟在外面,任人踐踏。 14 你們是世上的光。城造在山上是不能隱藏的。 15 人點燈,不放在斗底下,而是放在燈臺上,就照亮一家的人。 16 你們的光也要這樣照在人前,叫他們看見你們的好行為,把榮耀歸給你們在天上的父。」

論律法

17 「不要以為我來是要廢掉律法和先知。我來不是要廢掉,而是要成全。 18 我實在告訴你們,就是到天地都廢去,律法的一點一畫也不能廢去,直到一切都實現。 19 所以,無論誰廢掉這誡命中最小的一條,又教導人也這樣做,他在天國裏要稱為最小的。但無論誰遵行並如此教導人的,他在天國裏要稱為大。 20 我告訴你們,你們的義若不勝過文士和法利賽人的義,絕不能進天國。」

論發怒

21 「你們聽過有對古人說:『不可殺人』;『凡殺人的,必須受審判。』 22 但是我告訴你們:凡向弟兄動怒的,必須受審判;凡罵弟兄是廢物的,必須受議會的審判;凡罵弟兄是白痴的,必須遭受地獄的火。 23 所以,你在祭壇上獻祭物的時候,若想起有弟兄對你懷恨, 24 就要把祭物留在壇前,先去跟弟兄和好,然後來獻祭物。 25 你同告你的冤家還在路上,就要趕快與他講和,免得他把你送交給法官,法官交給警衛,你就下在監裏了。 26 我實在告訴你,就是有一個大文錢[b]還沒有還清,你也絕不能從那裏出來。」

論姦淫

27 「你們聽過有話說:『不可姦淫。』 28 但是我告訴你們:凡看見婦女就動淫念的,這人心裏已經與她犯姦淫了。 29 若是你的右眼使你跌倒,就把它挖出來,丟掉。寧可失去身體中的一部分,也不讓整個身體被扔進地獄。 30 若是你的右手使你跌倒,就把它砍下來,丟掉。寧可失去身體中的一部分,也不讓整個身體下地獄。」

論休妻(C)

31 「又有話說:『無論誰休妻,都要給她休書。』 32 但是我告訴你們:凡休妻的,除非是因不貞的緣故,否則就是使她犯姦淫了;人若娶被休的婦人,也是犯姦淫了。」

論起誓

33 「你們又聽過有對古人說:『不可背誓,所起的誓總要向主謹守。』 34 但是我告訴你們:甚麼誓都不可起。不可指着天起誓,因為天是 神的寶座。 35 不可指着地起誓,因為地是他的腳凳;也不可指着耶路撒冷起誓,因為耶路撒冷是大君王的京城。 36 又不可指着你的頭起誓,因為你不能使一根頭髮變黑變白。 37 你們的話,是,就說是;不是,就說不是。若再多說,就是出於那惡者。」

論報復(D)

38 「你們聽過有話說:『以眼還眼,以牙還牙。』 39 但是我告訴你們:不要與惡人作對。有人打你的右臉,連另一邊也轉過去由他打。 40 有人想要告你,要拿你的裏衣,連外衣也由他拿去。 41 有人強迫你走一里[c]路,你就跟他走二里。 42 有求你的,就給他;有向你借貸的,不可推辭。」

論愛仇敵(E)

43 「你們聽過有話說:『要愛你的鄰舍,恨你的仇敵。』 44 但是我告訴你們:要愛你們的仇敵,為那迫害你們的禱告。 45 這樣,你們就可以作天父的兒女了。因為他叫太陽照好人,也照壞人;降雨給義人,也給不義的人。 46 你們若只愛那愛你們的人,有甚麼賞賜呢?就是稅吏不也是這樣做嗎? 47 你們若只請你弟兄的安,有甚麼比別人強呢?就是外邦人不也是這樣做嗎? 48 所以,你們要完全,如同你們的天父是完全的。」

Footnotes

  1. 5.11 「捏造…你們」:有古卷是「說各樣壞話毀謗你們」。
  2. 5.26 「大文錢」:參「度量衡表」。
  3. 5.41 「里」原文音譯「米利翁」,古羅馬長度單位;參「度量衡表」;下同。