婚宴的比喻

22 耶穌又用比喻對他們說: 「天國好比一個君王,為自己的兒子預備婚宴。 他派了奴僕們去叫那些被邀請的人前來赴宴,可是他們不肯來。 王又派了別的奴僕,說:『你們去對那些被邀請的人說,看哪,我的午餐我已經預備好了,公牛和肥畜已經宰殺了,一切都預備好了,請你們來赴婚宴。』

「但那些人不理,就走開了,有的到自己的田裡去,有的做自己的生意去。 其餘的竟抓住王的奴僕們,凌辱他們,並且把他們殺了。 [a]就發怒,派軍兵除滅那些凶手,燒毀了他們的城。

「然後對奴僕們說:『婚宴預備好了,但那些被邀請的人不配。 所以你們要到大街小巷去,把所見到的人都請來赴宴。』 10 那些奴僕就出去,到大街上,把所見到的,無論好人壞人都召集起來,婚宴上就坐滿了賓客。 11 王進來會見賓客,發現有一個人沒有穿婚宴的禮服, 12 就對他說:『朋友,你進到這裡來怎麼沒有穿婚宴的禮服呢?』那個人啞口無言。

13 「於是王吩咐僕人們:『把他的手腳捆起來,[b]丟到外面的黑暗裡去!在那裡將有哀哭和切齒。』

14 「要知道,蒙召喚的人多,而蒙揀選的人少。」

神與凱撒

15 法利賽人就去商議,怎樣找耶穌的話柄來陷害他。 16 他們派了自己的門徒們與希律黨的人一同去見耶穌,說:「老師,我們知道你是真誠的,並且按真理教導神的道[c]。你不顧忌任何人,因為你不看人的情面。 17 請告訴我們,你認為向凱撒納稅,可以不可以呢?」

18 耶穌看出他們的惡意,就說:「你們這些偽善的人!為什麼試探我呢? 19 拿一個納稅的錢幣給我看。」他們就拿來了一個銀幣[d]給他。 20 耶穌問他們:「這是誰的像和名號?」

21 他們回答說:「是凱撒的。」

耶穌對他們說:「那麼,凱撒的歸給凱撒;神的歸給神。」 22 他們聽了,感到驚奇,就離開耶穌走了。

撒都該人與復活

23 在那一天,撒都該人來到耶穌那裡,他們一向說沒有復活的事。他們問耶穌, 24 說:「老師,摩西說:如果一個人死了,沒有兒女,他的一個兄弟就要娶他的妻子,為他兄弟留後裔。[e] 25 我們這裡曾經有兄弟七人,第一個結了婚,死了,沒有後裔,留下妻子給他的一個兄弟。 26 第二個、第三個、一直到第七個,都是如此。 27 到了最後,這婦人也死了。 28 既然他們都娶過她,那麼,在復活的時候,她將是這七個人中哪一個的妻子呢?」

29 耶穌回答說:「你們錯了,因為你們不明白經上的話,也不明白神的大能。 30 復活的時候,人既不娶也不嫁,而是像天上的[f]天使一樣。 31 關於死人復活的事,你們難道沒有讀過神對你們所說的話嗎?神說 32 『我是亞伯拉罕的神、以撒的神、雅各的神。』[g]神不是死人的神,而是活人的神。」

33 眾人聽了這話,對他的教導驚嘆不已。

最大的誡命

34 法利賽人聽說耶穌使撒都該人啞口無言,就聚集在一起。 35 他們當中有一個是律法師,[h]來試探耶穌,問他: 36 「老師,律法中最大的誡命是哪一條呢?」

37 耶穌對他說:「『你要以全心、全靈、全意愛主——你的神』[i] 38 這是最大的,也是最重要的誡命。 39 其次的也和它類似,『要愛鄰如己。』[j] 40 全部律法和先知書都是以這兩條誡命為依據的。」

有關基督的問題

41 法利賽人聚集在一起的時候,耶穌問他們 42 說:「關於基督,你們怎麼看?他是誰的後裔呢?」

他們說:「是大衛的後裔。」

43 耶穌問他們:「那麼,大衛藉著聖靈,怎麼還稱他為『主』呢?大衛說:

44 『主對我主說:
你坐在我的右邊,
等我把你的敵人放在你的腳下[k]。』[l]

45 「因此,大衛如果稱基督為『主』,基督怎麼會是大衛的後裔呢?」 46 沒有人能回答他一句話。從那天起,再也沒有人敢質問耶穌了。

Footnotes

  1. 馬太福音 22:7 有古抄本附「聽了」。
  2. 馬太福音 22:13 有古抄本附「帶去」。
  3. 馬太福音 22:16 道——或譯作「路」。
  4. 馬太福音 22:19 銀幣——原文為「得拿利」。1得拿利=約1日工資的羅馬銀幣。
  5. 馬太福音 22:24 《申命記》25:5。
  6. 馬太福音 22:30 有古抄本附「神的」。
  7. 馬太福音 22:32 《出埃及記》3:6。
  8. 馬太福音 22:35 有古抄本沒有「是律法師,」。
  9. 馬太福音 22:37 《申命記》6:5。
  10. 馬太福音 22:39 《利未記》19:18。
  11. 馬太福音 22:44 有古抄本附「做腳凳」。
  12. 馬太福音 22:44 《詩篇》110:1。

Historien om kongesønnens bryllupsfest(A)

22 Jesus fortsatte med endnu en historie om Guds rige:

„Der var engang en konge, som skulle holde bryllup for sin søn. Da alt var klar til festen, sendte han sine tjenere ud for at lade de indbudte vide, at det nu var tid at komme. Men de ville ikke komme. Så sendte kongen flere tjenere ud for at sige: ‚Hør nu her! Alt er parat! Mine okser og mit fedekvæg er slagtet. Skynd jer at komme til bryllupsfesten!’ Men de indbudte var ligeglade. En havde travlt med arbejdet på sin gård, en anden med sin forretning. Andre greb fat i kongens sendebud, mishandlede dem og slog dem ihjel. Da blev kongen vred. Han sendte sine soldater af sted, og morderne blev udryddet og deres by brændt. Derefter sagde han til sine tjenere: ‚Alt er klar til fest, men de indbudte gæster var ikke værdige til at komme med til festen. Gå derfor i stedet ud til byernes indfaldsveje og indbyd alle dem, I træffer på.’ 10 Tjenerne gik af sted og hentede alle dem, de kunne finde—gode og onde imellem hinanden. På den måde blev festsalen fyldt med gæster.

11 Da kongen trådte ind for at hilse på gæsterne, lagde han mærke til en, der ikke havde bryllupstøj på. 12 ‚Hør, min ven,’ sagde kongen, ‚hvordan er du kommet herind uden bryllupstøj?’ Der var intet svar. 13 Så sagde kongen til sine tjenere: ‚Bind hænder og fødder på ham og smid ham ud af bryllupssalen.’ Derude i mørket er der gråd og stor fortvivlelse, 14 for de indbudte er mange, men de udvalgte er få.”

De jødiske ledere søger at fange Jesus i ord(B)

15 Det blev farisæerne for meget. De stak hovederne sammen for at finde ud af, hvordan de kunne få Jesus til at sige noget, de kunne arrestere ham for. 16 Så besluttede de at sende nogle af deres disciple til ham sammen med herodianerne[a] for at stille ham et snedigt spørgsmål. De skulle sige: „Mester! Vi ved, at du ikke er bange for at sige sandheden, og at du underviser folk om Guds vilje. Du lader dig ikke påvirke af menneskers meninger, og du snakker ikke folk efter munden. 17 Sig os nu, hvad du mener: Skal vi betale skat til den romerske kejser eller ej?” 18 Men Jesus gennemskuede deres onde hensigter. „Hyklere! Hvorfor sætter I fælder for mig? 19 Vis mig den mønt, I betaler skat med.”

De rakte ham en. 20 „Hvem er der billede af på mønten?” spurgte han. „Og hvad er det for et navn, der er indridset i den?”

21 „Det er kejserens navn og billede.”

„Så giv kejseren det, der er hans, og giv Gud det, der er hans.”[b]

22 Da farisæerne hørte det svar, var de ved at tabe både næse og mund, og de gik stille deres vej.

Saddukæernes spørgsmål om genopstandelsen fra de døde(C)

23 Samme dag kom der nogle saddukæere, som jo påstår, at ingen kan genopstå fra de døde. De stillede Jesus følgende spørgsmål: 24 „Mester, Moses har sagt, at hvis en mand dør barnløs, skal hans bror gifte sig med enken, så hun kan få en søn, der kan føre den dødes slægt videre. 25 Nu var der en familie med syv brødre. Den ældste giftede sig, men døde kort efter. Da han ingen børn havde fået, blev hans enke gift med bror nummer to, 26 men han døde også uden at få børn. Og sådan gik det dem alle syv. 27 Til sidst døde også konen. 28 Hvem af de syv brødre skal så være hendes mand, når de genopstår fra de døde? De har jo alle været gift med hende.”

29 „I er helt på vildspor, fordi I hverken forstår Skriftens ord eller Guds kraft. 30 Efter genopstandelsen fra de døde er der ikke længere nogen, der gifter sig. På det område bliver de ligesom englene i Himlen. 31 Og med hensyn til genopstandelsen fra de døde, har I så ikke læst det sted, hvor Gud taler til Moses om de afdøde forfædre? Han sagde:

32 ‚Jeg er Abrahams Gud, Isaks Gud og Jakobs Gud.’

Men Gud er ikke de dødes Gud. Han er Gud for dem, der lever.”

33 Alle tilhørerne var fulde af beundring over det svar, Jesus gav.

Det vigtigste bud i Toraen(D)

34 Da farisæerne fik at vide, hvordan Jesus havde lukket munden på saddukæerne, udtænkte de et nyt spørgsmål. 35 De fik en af de skriftlærde til at spørge:

36 „Mester, hvilket bud er det vigtigste i Toraen?”

37 Jesus svarede: „Du skal elske Herren, din Gud, af hele dit hjerte, med liv og sjæl og med alle dine tanker.[c] 38 Det er det største og fornemmeste bud. 39 Der er også et andet bud, som er lige så vigtigt: ‚Du skal elske din næste som dig selv.’[d] 40 Det er det, Toraen og profeterne drejer sig om.”

Messias som Davids søn(E)

41 Mens farisæerne var samlede, spurgte Jesus dem: 42 „Hvad mener I om Messias? Hvem er han søn af?”[e]

„Han er Davids søn,” svarede de.

43 „Hvordan kunne så David, der var inspireret af Helligånden, kalde ham ‚herre’? David sagde jo:

44 ‚Herren sagde til min herre:
Sæt dig ved min højre side,
    imens jeg overvinder dine fjender.’[f]

45 Når David her kalder ham sin herre, hvordan kan han så samtidig være hans søn?”

46 Det kunne de ikke svare på. Og fra da af, var der ingen, der turde stille spidsfindige spørgsmål.

Footnotes

  1. 22,16 Herodianerne er en gruppe, som støttede og var nært knyttet til kong Herodes Antipas, der slog Johannes Døber ihjel. De ønskede samarbejde med den romerske besættelsesmagt, mens farisæerne var stærkt imod romerne.
  2. 22,21 Da jøderne vidste, at Gud har skabt mennesket i sit billede, og at noget af Guds væsen er præget ind i enhver af hans skabninger, forstod de, at Jesus dermed sagde, at de skulle give deres liv til Gud.
  3. 22,37 5.Mos. 6,4-5.
  4. 22,39 3.Mos. 19,18.
  5. 22,42 På hebraisk bruges „søn” også om en efterkommer.
  6. 22,44 Sl. 110,1

22 And Jesus answered and spake unto them again by parables, and said,

The kingdom of heaven is like unto a certain king, which made a marriage for his son,

And sent forth his servants to call them that were bidden to the wedding: and they would not come.

Again, he sent forth other servants, saying, Tell them which are bidden, Behold, I have prepared my dinner: my oxen and my fatlings are killed, and all things are ready: come unto the marriage.

But they made light of it, and went their ways, one to his farm, another to his merchandise:

And the remnant took his servants, and entreated them spitefully, and slew them.

But when the king heard thereof, he was wroth: and he sent forth his armies, and destroyed those murderers, and burned up their city.

Then saith he to his servants, The wedding is ready, but they which were bidden were not worthy.

Go ye therefore into the highways, and as many as ye shall find, bid to the marriage.

10 So those servants went out into the highways, and gathered together all as many as they found, both bad and good: and the wedding was furnished with guests.

11 And when the king came in to see the guests, he saw there a man which had not on a wedding garment:

12 And he saith unto him, Friend, how camest thou in hither not having a wedding garment? And he was speechless.

13 Then said the king to the servants, Bind him hand and foot, and take him away, and cast him into outer darkness, there shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth.

14 For many are called, but few are chosen.

15 Then went the Pharisees, and took counsel how they might entangle him in his talk.

16 And they sent out unto him their disciples with the Herodians, saying, Master, we know that thou art true, and teachest the way of God in truth, neither carest thou for any man: for thou regardest not the person of men.

17 Tell us therefore, What thinkest thou? Is it lawful to give tribute unto Caesar, or not?

18 But Jesus perceived their wickedness, and said, Why tempt ye me, ye hypocrites?

19 Shew me the tribute money. And they brought unto him a penny.

20 And he saith unto them, Whose is this image and superscription?

21 They say unto him, Caesar's. Then saith he unto them, Render therefore unto Caesar the things which are Caesar's; and unto God the things that are God's.

22 When they had heard these words, they marvelled, and left him, and went their way.

23 The same day came to him the Sadducees, which say that there is no resurrection, and asked him,

24 Saying, Master, Moses said, If a man die, having no children, his brother shall marry his wife, and raise up seed unto his brother.

25 Now there were with us seven brethren: and the first, when he had married a wife, deceased, and, having no issue, left his wife unto his brother:

26 Likewise the second also, and the third, unto the seventh.

27 And last of all the woman died also.

28 Therefore in the resurrection whose wife shall she be of the seven? for they all had her.

29 Jesus answered and said unto them, Ye do err, not knowing the scriptures, nor the power of God.

30 For in the resurrection they neither marry, nor are given in marriage, but are as the angels of God in heaven.

31 But as touching the resurrection of the dead, have ye not read that which was spoken unto you by God, saying,

32 I am the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob? God is not the God of the dead, but of the living.

33 And when the multitude heard this, they were astonished at his doctrine.

34 But when the Pharisees had heard that he had put the Sadducees to silence, they were gathered together.

35 Then one of them, which was a lawyer, asked him a question, tempting him, and saying,

36 Master, which is the great commandment in the law?

37 Jesus said unto him, Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind.

38 This is the first and great commandment.

39 And the second is like unto it, Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself.

40 On these two commandments hang all the law and the prophets.

41 While the Pharisees were gathered together, Jesus asked them,

42 Saying, What think ye of Christ? whose son is he? They say unto him, The son of David.

43 He saith unto them, How then doth David in spirit call him Lord, saying,

44 The Lord said unto my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand, till I make thine enemies thy footstool?

45 If David then call him Lord, how is he his son?

46 And no man was able to answer him a word, neither durst any man from that day forth ask him any more questions.

The Parable of the Wedding Banquet(A)

22 Jesus spoke to them again in parables, saying: “The kingdom of heaven is like(B) a king who prepared a wedding banquet for his son. He sent his servants(C) to those who had been invited to the banquet to tell them to come, but they refused to come.

“Then he sent some more servants(D) and said, ‘Tell those who have been invited that I have prepared my dinner: My oxen and fattened cattle have been butchered, and everything is ready. Come to the wedding banquet.’

“But they paid no attention and went off—one to his field, another to his business. The rest seized his servants, mistreated them and killed them. The king was enraged. He sent his army and destroyed those murderers(E) and burned their city.

“Then he said to his servants, ‘The wedding banquet is ready, but those I invited did not deserve to come. So go to the street corners(F) and invite to the banquet anyone you find.’ 10 So the servants went out into the streets and gathered all the people they could find, the bad as well as the good,(G) and the wedding hall was filled with guests.

11 “But when the king came in to see the guests, he noticed a man there who was not wearing wedding clothes. 12 He asked, ‘How did you get in here without wedding clothes, friend(H)?’ The man was speechless.

13 “Then the king told the attendants, ‘Tie him hand and foot, and throw him outside, into the darkness, where there will be weeping and gnashing of teeth.’(I)

14 “For many are invited, but few are chosen.”(J)

Paying the Imperial Tax to Caesar(K)

15 Then the Pharisees went out and laid plans to trap him in his words. 16 They sent their disciples to him along with the Herodians.(L) “Teacher,” they said, “we know that you are a man of integrity and that you teach the way of God in accordance with the truth. You aren’t swayed by others, because you pay no attention to who they are. 17 Tell us then, what is your opinion? Is it right to pay the imperial tax[a](M) to Caesar or not?”

18 But Jesus, knowing their evil intent, said, “You hypocrites, why are you trying to trap me? 19 Show me the coin used for paying the tax.” They brought him a denarius, 20 and he asked them, “Whose image is this? And whose inscription?”

21 “Caesar’s,” they replied.

Then he said to them, “So give back to Caesar what is Caesar’s,(N) and to God what is God’s.”

22 When they heard this, they were amazed. So they left him and went away.(O)

Marriage at the Resurrection(P)

23 That same day the Sadducees,(Q) who say there is no resurrection,(R) came to him with a question. 24 “Teacher,” they said, “Moses told us that if a man dies without having children, his brother must marry the widow and raise up offspring for him.(S) 25 Now there were seven brothers among us. The first one married and died, and since he had no children, he left his wife to his brother. 26 The same thing happened to the second and third brother, right on down to the seventh. 27 Finally, the woman died. 28 Now then, at the resurrection, whose wife will she be of the seven, since all of them were married to her?”

29 Jesus replied, “You are in error because you do not know the Scriptures(T) or the power of God. 30 At the resurrection people will neither marry nor be given in marriage;(U) they will be like the angels in heaven. 31 But about the resurrection of the dead—have you not read what God said to you, 32 ‘I am the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob’[b]?(V) He is not the God of the dead but of the living.”

33 When the crowds heard this, they were astonished at his teaching.(W)

The Greatest Commandment(X)

34 Hearing that Jesus had silenced the Sadducees,(Y) the Pharisees got together. 35 One of them, an expert in the law,(Z) tested him with this question: 36 “Teacher, which is the greatest commandment in the Law?”

37 Jesus replied: “‘Love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind.’[c](AA) 38 This is the first and greatest commandment. 39 And the second is like it: ‘Love your neighbor as yourself.’[d](AB) 40 All the Law and the Prophets hang on these two commandments.”(AC)

Whose Son Is the Messiah?(AD)

41 While the Pharisees were gathered together, Jesus asked them, 42 “What do you think about the Messiah? Whose son is he?”

“The son of David,”(AE) they replied.

43 He said to them, “How is it then that David, speaking by the Spirit, calls him ‘Lord’? For he says,

44 “‘The Lord said to my Lord:
    “Sit at my right hand
until I put your enemies
    under your feet.”’[e](AF)

45 If then David calls him ‘Lord,’ how can he be his son?” 46 No one could say a word in reply, and from that day on no one dared to ask him any more questions.(AG)

Footnotes

  1. Matthew 22:17 A special tax levied on subject peoples, not on Roman citizens
  2. Matthew 22:32 Exodus 3:6
  3. Matthew 22:37 Deut. 6:5
  4. Matthew 22:39 Lev. 19:18
  5. Matthew 22:44 Psalm 110:1