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馬太福音 12
Chinese Contemporary Bible (Traditional)

安息日的問題

12 那時，耶穌在安息日經過一片麥田。祂的門徒餓了，便隨手搓麥穗吃。 2 法利賽人看見後，對耶穌說：「你看，你的門徒做了在安息日不准做的事！」

3 耶穌回答說：「你們沒有讀過大衛的事蹟嗎？當時他和部下餓了， 4 進入上帝的殿，吃了獻給上帝的供餅。這餅只有祭司才可以吃，大衛和部下是不准吃的。 5 此外律法書又記載，安息日，祭司在聖殿裡觸犯了守安息日的規條也不算有罪。你們沒有讀過嗎？ 6 我告訴你們，這裡有一人比聖殿更偉大， 7 如果你們明白『我喜愛憐憫之心，而非祭物』這句經文的意義，就不會冤枉無辜了。 8 因為人子是安息日的主。」

9 耶穌離開那裡，走進會堂， 10 裡面有個人，一隻手是萎縮的。法利賽人企圖找藉口控告耶穌，就問祂：「安息日可不可以醫病呢？」

11 耶穌回答說：「如果你們有一隻羊在安息日掉進坑裡，難道你們不把牠拉上來嗎？ 12 人比羊要貴重多了！所以在安息日行善合情合理。」

13 於是，耶穌轉過身來對那人說：「把手伸出來！」那人一伸手，手就復原了，跟另一隻手一樣健康。 14 法利賽人卻走了出去，策劃怎樣除掉耶穌。

上帝的僕人

15 耶穌知道了，就離開那個地方。很多人跟隨祂，耶穌醫好了其中所有患病的人， 16 吩咐他們不要洩露祂的身分。 17 這是要應驗以賽亞先知的話：

18 「看啊！我所揀選、
所眷愛、所喜悅的僕人，
我要將我的靈賜給祂，
祂要向萬邦宣揚正義。
19 祂不爭競，不喧嚷，
街上也聽不見祂的聲音。
20 壓傷的蘆葦，祂不折斷；
將殘的燈火，祂不吹滅；
祂終必使正義得勝。
21 普世都要仰望祂的聖名。」

22 有人帶一個被鬼附身、又瞎又啞的人來見耶穌，耶穌便醫好他，使他能說能看。 23 眾人都很驚奇，就說：「這人會不會是大衛的那個後裔？」 24 法利賽人聽見後卻說：「祂不過是靠鬼王別西卜趕鬼罷了。」

25 耶穌知道他們的心思，就說：「一個國內部自相紛爭，必然滅亡；一座城、一個家內部自相紛爭，必然崩潰。 26 若撒旦驅逐撒旦，就是自相紛爭，牠的國怎能維持呢？ 27 若我是靠別西卜趕鬼，你們的子弟又是靠誰趕鬼呢？為此，他們要審判你們。 28 若我是靠上帝的靈趕鬼，就是上帝的國已降臨在你們中間了。

29 「人如何進入壯漢家中搶奪他的財物呢？除非先把那壯漢捆綁起來，才有可能搶劫他的家。

30 「不與我為友就是與我為敵；不助我召集就是故意拆散。 31 所以我告訴你們，一切的罪和褻瀆的話都可以得到赦免，但褻瀆聖靈的罪必得不到赦免。 32 說話得罪人子的，還可以得到赦免；但那些說話冒犯聖靈的，今生永世都得不到赦免。

樹與果

33 「好樹結好果子，壞樹結壞果子，看果子就能知道樹的好壞。 34 你們這些毒蛇的後代！你們心裡邪惡，又怎能講出好話呢？因為心裡充滿的，口裡自然會說出來。 35 善人心存良善，就從他裡面發出良善；惡人心存邪惡，就從他裡面發出邪惡。 36 我告訴你們，在審判之日，人將為自己所說的每一句閒話負責， 37 因為將來要憑你口中的話來判斷你是否有罪。」

求神蹟

38 當時，有幾個律法教師和法利賽人對耶穌說：「老師，我們想要看你行個神蹟。」 39 耶穌回答說：「一個邪惡淫亂的世代想看神蹟，可是除了約拿先知的神蹟以外，再沒有神蹟給他們看。 40 約拿在大魚腹中三日三夜，人子也要在地裡三日三夜。 41 在審判的日子，尼尼微人和這世代的人都要起來[a]，尼尼微人要定這個世代的罪，因為他們聽到約拿的宣告，就悔改了。看啊！這裡有一人比約拿更偉大。 42 在審判的日子，南方的女王和這世代的人都要起來，她要定這個世代的罪，因為她曾不遠千里來聽所羅門王的智言慧語。看啊！這裡有一人比所羅門王更偉大。

乘虛而入

43 「有一個污鬼離開了牠以前所附的人，在乾旱無水之地四處遊蕩，尋找安歇之處，卻沒有找到。 44 於是牠說，『我要回到老地方。』牠回去後，看見裡面空著，打掃得又乾淨又整齊， 45 就去帶來了七個比自己更邪惡的鬼一起住在那裡。那人的下場比從前更慘了。這個邪惡的世代也會這樣。」

真正的親屬

46 耶穌還在和眾人說話的時候，祂的母親和兄弟站在外面，想要跟祂說話。 47 有人告訴祂：「你的母親和兄弟在外面有話要跟你說。」

48 耶穌說：「誰是我的母親？誰是我的兄弟？」 49 祂伸出手來指著門徒說：「你們看！這些人就是我的母親和我的兄弟。 50 凡遵行我天父旨意的人都是我的弟兄、姊妹和母親。」

Footnotes

  1. 12·41 「起來」或作「復活」。
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Matej 12
Biblija: suvremeni hrvatski prijevod

Sin Čovječji je gospodar šabata

(Mk 2,23-28; Lk 6,1-5)

12 U ono je vrijeme, na šabat, dan odmora, Isus prolazio kroz žitna polja. Njegovi su učenici ogladnjeli pa su počeli trgati klasje i jesti. 2 Kad su to vidjeli farizeji, rekli su Isusu: »Gledaj! Tvoji učenici čine što nije dopušteno činiti na šabat.«

3 Tada im je Isus rekao: »Zar niste čitali što je David učinio kada su on i njegovi ljudi ogladnjeli? 4 Ušao je u Božju kuću i jeo posvećene kruhove prinesene Bogu iako ni njemu ni njegovim pratiocima nije bilo dopušteno da ih jedu, nego samo svećenicima. 5 Niste li čitali u Zakonu da na šabat svećenici u Hramu krše zakon o zabrani rada na šabat? No njima se to ne uzima za zlo. 6 No ja vam kažem da je ovdje nešto veće od Hrama. 7 Da ste shvatili što znači: ‘Želim da iskazujete milosrđe, a ne da prinosite žrtve’,[a] ne biste osuđivali ove nedužne.

8 Jer, Sin je Čovječji gospodar i šabata.«

Ozdravljenje na šabat

(Mk 3,1-6; Lk 6,6-11)

9 Odande je otišao u njihovu sinagogu, 10 gdje je bio neki čovjek s usahlom rukom. Neki su Židovi upitali Isusa, s namjerom da ga optuže: »Je li dopušteno liječiti na šabat?«[b]

11 Isus im je rekao: »Tko od vas ne bi uhvatio i izvadio svoju jedinu ovcu ako na šabat padne u jamu? 12 A čovjek je mnogo važniji od ovce. Zato je dopušteno na šabat činiti dobro.«

13 Zatim je rekao onom čovjeku: »Ispruži ruku!« Čovjek je ispružio ruku i ruka mu je postala zdrava kao i druga. 14 Farizeji su izašli i počeli smišljati kako da ubiju Isusa.

Isus je Božji izabrani sluga

15 Kad je za to doznao, otišao je odande, a slijedilo ga je silno mnoštvo. On ih je sve ozdravljao 16 i upozoravao ih da ne odaju tko je on, 17 kako bi se ispunilo što je rečeno po proroku Izaiji:

18 »Ovo je moj sluga,
    koga sam izabrao.
Moj ljubljeni,
    u kome uživa moja duša.
Stavit ću svoj Duh na njega
    i on će narodima objaviti pravdu.
19 Neće se svađati ni vikati,
    niti će se na ulicama čuti njegov glas.
20 On neće slomiti savijenu trsku,
    ni ugasiti žar koji tinja,
    dok pravdu ne dovede do pobjede.
21 U njegovo ime uzdat će se narodi.«[c]

Isusova moć je od Boga

(Mk 3,20-30; Lk 11,14-23; 12,10)

22 Potom su mu doveli slijepog i nijemog čovjeka, obuzetog zlim duhom. Isus ga je ozdravio pa je čovjek progovorio i progledao, 23 a mnoštvo je bilo zadivljeno te se pitalo: »Da nije ovo Davidov Sin?«

24 Kad su to čuli farizeji, rekli su: »On izgoni zle duhove uz pomoć Sotone[d], vladara zlih duhova.«

25 Isus je znao njihove misli pa im je rekao: »Svako će kraljevstvo, koje je nesložno, propasti. Nijedan grad ili obitelj, koji su nesložni unutar sebe, neće opstati. 26 Dakle, ako Sotona izgoni Sotonu, u sebi je podijeljen. Kako će onda opstati njegovo kraljevstvo? 27 Opet, ako ja izgonim zle duhove uz pomoć Sotone, uz čiju ih pomoć izgone vaši ljudi? Zato će vam suditi vaši vlastiti ljudi. 28 Budući da ja izgonim zle duhove uz pomoć Božjega Duha, to dokazuje da je Božje kraljevstvo došlo k vama.

29 Ili, kako može netko ući u kuću snažnog čovjeka i ukrasti mu imovinu ako ga prije ne sveže? Tek će mu tada moći opljačkati kuću.

30 Tko nije sa mnom—protiv mene je. Tko mi ne pomaže skupljati—taj rasipa. 31 Zato vam kažem: svaki grijeh i kleveta oprostit će se ljudima, ali kleveta protiv Svetog Duha neće se oprostiti. 32 Ako tko kaže nešto protiv Sina Čovječjega, može mu se oprostiti, ali ako tko kaže nešto protiv Svetog Duha, neće mu se oprostiti, ni na ovom svijetu ni na onome koji dolazi.«

Dobar i loš plod

(Lk 6,43-45)

33 »Da biste imali dobar plod, morate imati dobro stablo. No ako je stablo loše, imat ćete loš plod, jer stablo se prepoznaje po svome plodu. 34 Vi, zmije! Kako možete govoriti dobro kad ste zli? Usta govore ono čega je srce puno. 35 Dobar čovjek iznosi dobro jer je u njemu pohranjeno dobro, a zao čovjek iznosi zlo jer je u njemu pohranjeno zlo. 36 No, kažem vam da će na Sudnji dan ljudi odgovarati za svaku beskorisnu riječ koju su izgovorili. 37 Jer, tvoje će te riječi opravdati i tvoje će te riječi osuditi.«

Opomena nevjernom naraštaju

(Mk 8,11-12; Lk 11,29-32)

38 Tada su mu neki učitelji Zakona i farizeji rekli: »Učitelju, želimo da nam daš neki znak.«

39 A Isus im je odgovorio: »Zao i nevjeran naraštaj traži znak. No neće mu se dati nikakav drugi znak osim znaka proroka Jone[e]. 40 Kao što je Jona bio u utrobi morske nemani tri dana i tri noći, tako će i Sin Čovječji biti u utrobi zemlje tri dana i tri noći. 41 Na Sudu će Ninivljani[f] ustati zajedno s ljudima, koji žive danas, i osudit će ga jer su se obratili zbog Joninog propovijedanja. A ovdje je netko veći od Jone. 42 Na Sudu će Kraljica Juga[g] ustati s ovim naraštajem i osudit će ga jer je s kraja zemlje došla čuti Salomonovu mudrost. A ovdje je nešto veće od Salomona.«

Povratak zlih duhova

(Lk 11,24-26)

43 »Kada zao duh iziđe iz čovjeka, luta pustim mjestima tražeći odmor, ali ga ne nalazi. 44 Tada kaže: ‘Vratit ću se u svoju kuću iz koje sam izašao.’ Kada se vrati, pronalazi je praznu, čistu i uređenu. 45 Tada ode i sa sobom dovede sedam drugih duhova, gorih od sebe, pa svi uđu i nastane se ondje. Tako posljednje stanje toga čovjeka postaje gore od prvotnoga. Isto će biti i s ovim pokvarenim naraštajem.«

Isusova prava obitelj

(Mk 3,31-35; Lk 8,19-21)

46 Dok je Isus još govorio narodu, došli su njegova majka i braća pa su stajali vani tražeći da s njim govore. 47 Netko reče Isusu: »Evo, tvoja majka i braća stoje vani i žele razgovarati s tobom.«

48 A Isus mu odgovori: »Tko je moja majka i tko su moja braća?« 49 Onda je pokazao rukom na svoje učenike i rekao: »Evo moje majke i moje braće! 50 Da, tko god izvršava volju moga nebeskog Oca, taj mi je i brat, i sestra, i majka.«

Footnotes

  1. 12,7 Citat iz Hoš 6,6.
  2. 12,10 Je li … na šabat Raditi u vrijeme šabata bilo je protivno židovskom zakonu jer je to bio dan za odmor od rada i za štovanje Boga.
  3. 12,21 Citat iz Iz 42,1-4.
  4. 12,24 Sotona Doslovno: »Beelzebul« (đavao). Isto u 27. retku.
  5. 12,39 Jona Prorok koji je nakon tri dana u utrobi morske nemani izašao živ i prenio Božju poruku grešnom narodu Ninive (vidi Knjigu o Joni). Slično tomu, Isus je uskrsnuo nakon tri dana u grobu, potvrđujući istinitost Božje poruke o Kristu.
  6. 12,41 Ninivljani Stanovnici Ninive, grada u kojem je propovijedao Jona (vidi Jon 3).
  7. 12,42 Kraljica Juga Kraljica Šebe, koja je prešla dalek put kako bi čula Božju mudrost od Salomona. Vidi 1 Kr 10,1-13.
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馬 太 福 音 12
Chinese New Testament: Easy-to-Read Version

耶稣安息日的主

12 在一个安息日里，耶稣经过一片庄稼地。他的门徒们饿了，就摘了些麦穗来吃。 2 法利赛人看见了，就对耶稣说∶“瞧瞧，你的门徒干的事，在安息日这样做是犯法的（摩西律法）。”

3 耶稣反问他们∶“你们难道没有读到过大卫 [a]和他的随从在饥饿时是怎么做的吗？ 4 尽管吃献给上帝的贡品是犯法的，他们还是进了上帝的大殿，吃了献给上帝的贡品。实际上，只有祭司才可以吃这些供品，可是他和随从们还是吃了。 5 你们没有读过摩西律法吗？祭司在安息日进入大殿院，触犯了关于安息日的律法，但是，他们却是无罪的。 6 我告诉你们，比大殿更伟大的人现在就在此。 7 如果你们理解《经》上所说的∶‘我需要的是人与人之间的怜悯，而不是祭物，’ [b]那么，你们就不会责备那些无辜的人了。

8 人子是安息日的主。”

耶稣治愈残手

9 耶稣离开那地方到会堂去了。 10 那里有个人，他的一只手萎缩了。那里的一些犹太人正伺机找碴控告他。他们问耶稣∶“在安息日里治病 [c]合法吗？” 11 耶稣对他们说∶“假如你们当中某个人的一只羊在安息日掉进坑里，他会把羊从坑里拽出来。 12 何况人比羊重要得多，所以在安息日里做善事是合法的。”

13 耶稣对那个残手的人说∶“把手伸出来。”那个人一伸手，残废的手就康复了，和另一只手一模一样。 14 法利赛人离开会堂，密谋杀害耶稣的计划。

耶稣是上帝选中的仆人

15 耶稣察觉到他们的阴谋，就离开了那里。许多人跟着他。耶稣治好了他们当中所有患病的人， 16 但是耶稣告诉他们不要告诉别人他是谁。 17 这就应验了上帝通过先知以赛亚说的话：

18 “这是我（上帝）的奴仆，
是我所选择的人，
是我所爱的人，他令我非常喜悦，
我将把我的灵赋予他，
他将向普天众生宣布正义。
19 他不争辩，也不喧嚷，
街上没有人能听到他的声音。
20 他不会折断弯腰的芦苇，
也不会吹灭将熄的灯火，
他坚持不懈，
直到公正赢得胜利。
21 普天众生的希望都寄托在他的身上。” (A)

耶稣的力量来自上帝

22 这时，一些人把一个被鬼缠身变得又盲又哑的人带到耶稣面前。耶稣治好了他，他又能说话和看见东西了。 23 众人都吃惊地说∶“这人也许就是大卫的子孙吧！”

24 法利赛人听说了这件事，就说∶“他是依仗魔王别西卜的力量驱鬼的。”

25 耶稣看出他们的心思，说道∶“国家内讧，国家就要灭亡；城市或家庭自相分争就要毁灭； 26 如果撒旦驱赶自己的鬼 [d]，岂不是在和自己做对，他的王国还能够继续存在吗？ 27 再说，如果我是借助魔王之力驱鬼，那么你们的人是借助谁的力量来驱鬼呢？你们的人所作所为证明你们是错的。 28 而我借上帝之灵的力量驱驱鬼，这就证明天国已经降临到你们身上了。

29 谁能闯进大汉的家里偷东西呢？除非先把大汉绑起来，他才能抢劫大汉的家。

30 “不与我同在的人就是反对我，不帮助我聚拢羊群的人就是在驱散它们。 31 我告诉你们，一切罪过和诽谤的话都可以得到宽恕，唯独亵渎圣灵不能得到宽恕； 32 说话冒犯了人子的人会得到宽恕，但是，冒犯了圣灵的人，不论是现在还是将来，都得不到宽恕。

言行体现品格

33 “你们必须种好树，才能结好果。但是，如果你种的是坏树，必定结出恶果，因为树是由它结的果实来分好坏的。 34 你们这些毒蛇，你们这些邪恶的人，怎么可能说出好话来呢？一个人心里是怎么想的，嘴里就会怎么说出来。 35 那些善良的人内心蕴藏着美好，所以，他们的话也是美好的；但是，恶人的内心却盛满着邪恶，他们的话也就充满了邪恶。 36 我告诉你们，在审判之日，所有的人都必须解释清楚他们无心说出的每一句话。 37 根据你们的话，你们会被判无罪，同样根据你们的话，你们也会被判有罪。”

一些人怀疑耶稣的权威

38 一些律法师和法利赛人说“老师，我们想让您显示个神迹给我们看看。”

39 耶稣回答说∶“邪恶、没信仰的一代人寻求神迹，可是除了先知约拿的神迹以外，没有别的神迹会给他们看。 40 正如约拿在大鱼肚子里呆了三天三夜，人子将在墓穴里呆三天三夜。 41 在审判日那天，尼尼微 [e]人要站起来控告你们这一代人，因为他们听了约拿的传教就悔改了。然而比约拿更伟大的就在此地！ 42 在审判日那天，南方的女王 [f]要站起来控告你们这一代人，因为她从天涯海角来，聆听所罗门的智慧，而现在比所罗门更伟大的人就在此！

空虚的危险

43 “有个邪灵，离开了一个人的躯体，游荡在干燥的旷野，想找个地方休息，却找不到。 44 于是它自言自语地说∶‘我还是回到我原来的家吧。’于是它回到了那个人的身体里。它发现里边空空荡荡，并且被打扫得既干净又整齐， 45 于是它招来了七个比它还坏的邪灵，一起进去住了下来，结果这个人处境比以前更坏了。邪恶的现代人就像这个人一样。”

耶稣视信徒为家人

46 耶稣正对人们讲话时，他母亲和兄弟来了，站在外边想和他说话。 47 有人告诉耶稣∶“您的母亲和兄弟在外边，他们想跟您说话。”

48 耶稣回答道∶“谁是我的母亲？谁是我的兄弟？” 49 他指着门徒们说，“他们才是我的母亲和兄弟。 50 我真正的母亲和兄弟姐妹，是那些遵行我在天之父的旨意的人。”

Footnotes

  1. 馬 太 福 音 12:3 大卫： 在基督之前约一千年的以色列王。
  2. 馬 太 福 音 12:7 引自旧约《何西阿书》6:6。
  3. 馬 太 福 音 12:10 在安息日里治病： 在那天工作违犯犹太律法。
  4. 馬 太 福 音 12:26 如果撒旦驱赶自己的鬼： 直译为如果撒旦驱赶撒旦。
  5. 馬 太 福 音 12:41 尼尼微： 约拿在此城传教，请读《约拿书》3。
  6. 馬 太 福 音 12:42 南方的女王： 示巴女王。她远行千里之外去从所罗门那里学智慧，请读《列王纪上》10:1-13。
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Matthew 12
New American Bible (Revised Edition)

Chapter 12

Picking Grain on the Sabbath. 1 [a]At that time Jesus was going through a field of grain on the sabbath.(A) His disciples were hungry and began to pick the heads[b] of grain and eat them.(B) 2 When the Pharisees saw this, they said to him, “See, your disciples are doing what is unlawful to do on the sabbath.” 3 He said to them,[c] “Have you not read what David(C) did when he and his companions were hungry, 4 how he went into the house of God and ate the bread of offering,(D) which neither he nor his companions but only the priests could lawfully eat? 5 [d]Or have you not read in the law that on the sabbath the priests serving in the temple violate the sabbath and are innocent?(E) 6 I say to you, something greater than the temple is here. 7 [e]If you knew what this meant, ‘I desire mercy, not sacrifice,’(F) you would not have condemned these innocent men. 8 [f](G)For the Son of Man is Lord of the sabbath.”

The Man with a Withered Hand. 9 (H)Moving on from there, he went into their synagogue. 10 And behold, there was a man there who had a withered hand. They questioned him, “Is it lawful to cure on the sabbath?”[g] so that they might accuse him. 11 [h]He said to them, “Which one of you who has a sheep that falls into a pit on the sabbath will not take hold of it and lift it out? 12 How much more valuable a person is than a sheep. So it is lawful to do good on the sabbath.” 13 Then he said to the man, “Stretch out your hand.” He stretched it out, and it was restored as sound as the other. 14 But the Pharisees[i] went out and took counsel against him to put him to death.(I)

The Chosen Servant.[j] 15 When Jesus realized this, he withdrew from that place. Many [people] followed him, and he cured them all,[k] 16 but he warned them not to make him known. 17 This was to fulfill what had been spoken through Isaiah the prophet:

18 “Behold, my servant whom I have chosen,(J)
    my beloved in whom I delight;
I shall place my spirit upon him,
    and he will proclaim justice to the Gentiles.
19 He will not contend[l] or cry out,
    nor will anyone hear his voice in the streets.
20 A bruised reed he will not break,
    a smoldering wick he will not quench,
until he brings justice to victory.
21     And in his name the Gentiles will hope.”[m]

Jesus and Beelzebul.[n] 22 (K)Then they brought to him a demoniac who was blind and mute. He cured the mute person so that he could speak and see. 23 [o](L)All the crowd was astounded, and said, “Could this perhaps be the Son of David?” 24 [p](M)But when the Pharisees heard this, they said, “This man drives out demons only by the power of Beelzebul, the prince of demons.” 25 (N)But he knew what they were thinking and said to them,[q] “Every kingdom divided against itself will be laid waste, and no town or house divided against itself will stand. 26 And if Satan drives out Satan, he is divided against himself; how, then, will his kingdom stand? 27 And if I drive out demons by Beelzebul, by whom do your own people[r] drive them out? Therefore they will be your judges. 28 [s](O)But if it is by the Spirit of God that I drive out demons, then the kingdom of God has come upon you. 29 [t]How can anyone enter a strong man’s house and steal his property, unless he first ties up the strong man? Then he can plunder his house. 30 [u](P)Whoever is not with me is against me, and whoever does not gather with me scatters. 31 (Q)Therefore, I say to you, every sin and blasphemy will be forgiven people, but blasphemy against the Spirit[v] will not be forgiven. 32 And whoever speaks a word against the Son of Man will be forgiven; but whoever speaks against the holy Spirit will not be forgiven, either in this age or in the age to come.

A Tree and Its Fruits. 33 (R)“Either declare[w] the tree good and its fruit is good, or declare the tree rotten and its fruit is rotten, for a tree is known by its fruit. 34 [x](S)You brood of vipers, how can you say good things when you are evil? For from the fullness of the heart the mouth speaks. 35 A good person brings forth good out of a store of goodness, but an evil person brings forth evil out of a store of evil. 36 [y](T)I tell you, on the day of judgment people will render an account for every careless word they speak. 37 By your words you will be acquitted, and by your words you will be condemned.”

The Demand for a Sign.[z] 38 Then some of the scribes and Pharisees said to him, “Teacher,[aa] we wish to see a sign from you.”(U) 39 He said to them in reply, “An evil and unfaithful[ab] generation seeks a sign, but no sign will be given it except the sign of Jonah the prophet. 40 Just as Jonah was in the belly of the whale three days and three nights,[ac] so will the Son of Man be in the heart of the earth three days and three nights. 41 [ad]At the judgment, the men of Nineveh will arise with this generation and condemn it, because they repented at the preaching of Jonah; and there is something greater than Jonah here. 42 At the judgment the queen of the south will arise with this generation and condemn it, because she came from the ends of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon; and there is something greater than Solomon here.(V)

The Return of the Unclean Spirit.[ae] 43 (W)“When an unclean spirit goes out of a person it roams through arid regions searching for rest but finds none. 44 Then it says, ‘I will return to my home from which I came.’ But upon returning, it finds it empty, swept clean, and put in order. 45 Then it goes and brings back with itself seven other spirits more evil than itself, and they move in and dwell there; and the last condition of that person is worse than the first. Thus it will be with this evil generation.”

The True Family of Jesus.[af] 46 (X)While he was still speaking to the crowds, his mother and his brothers appeared outside, wishing to speak with him. 47 [Someone told him, “Your mother and your brothers are standing outside, asking to speak with you.”][ag] 48 But he said in reply to the one who told him, “Who is my mother? Who are my brothers?” 49 And stretching out his hand toward his disciples, he said, “Here are my mother and my brothers. 50 For whoever does the will of my heavenly Father is my brother, and sister, and mother.”

Footnotes

  1. 12:1–14 Matthew here returns to the Marcan order that he left in Mt 9:18. The two stories depend on Mk 2:23–28; 3:1–6, respectively, and are the only places in either gospel that deal explicitly with Jesus’ attitude toward sabbath observance.
  2. 12:1–2 The picking of the heads of grain is here equated with reaping, which was forbidden on the sabbath (Ex 34:21).
  3. 12:3–4 See 1 Sm 21:2–7. In the Marcan parallel (Mk 2:25–26) the high priest is called Abiathar, although in 1 Samuel this action is attributed to Ahimelech. The Old Testament story is not about a violation of the sabbath rest; its pertinence to this dispute is that a violation of the law was permissible because of David’s men being without food.
  4. 12:5–6 This and the following argument (Mt 12:7) are peculiar to Matthew. The temple service seems to be the changing of the showbread on the sabbath (Lv 24:8) and the doubling on the sabbath of the usual daily holocausts (Nm 28:9–10). The argument is that the law itself requires work that breaks the sabbath rest, because of the higher duty of temple service. If temple duties outweigh the sabbath law, how much more does the presence of Jesus, with his proclamation of the kingdom (something greater than the temple), justify the conduct of his disciples.
  5. 12:7 See note on Mt 9:13.
  6. 12:8 The ultimate justification for the disciples’ violation of the sabbath rest is that Jesus, the Son of Man, has supreme authority over the law.
  7. 12:10 Rabbinic tradition later than the gospels allowed relief to be given to a sufferer on the sabbath if life was in danger. This may also have been the view of Jesus’ Pharisaic contemporaries. But the case here is not about one in danger of death.
  8. 12:11 Matthew omits the question posed by Jesus in Mk 3:4 and substitutes one about rescuing a sheep on the sabbath, similar to that in Lk 14:5.
  9. 12:14 See Mk 3:6. Here the plan to bring about Jesus’ death is attributed to the Pharisees only. This is probably due to the situation of Matthew’s church, when the sole opponents were the Pharisees.
  10. 12:15–21 Matthew follows Mk 3:7–12 but summarizes his source in two verses (Mt 12:15, 16) that pick up the withdrawal, the healings, and the command for silence. To this he adds a fulfillment citation from the first Servant Song (Is 42:1–4) that does not correspond exactly to either the Hebrew or the LXX of that passage. It is the longest Old Testament citation in this gospel, emphasizing the meekness of Jesus, the Servant of the Lord, and foretelling the extension of his mission to the Gentiles.
  11. 12:15 Jesus’ knowledge of the Pharisees’ plot and his healing all are peculiar to Matthew.
  12. 12:19 The servant’s not contending is seen as fulfilled in Jesus’ withdrawal from the disputes narrated in Mt 12:1–14.
  13. 12:21 Except for a minor detail, Matthew here follows the LXX, although the meaning of the Hebrew (“the coastlands will wait for his teaching”) is similar.
  14. 12:22–32 For the exorcism, see note on Mt 9:32–34. The long discussion combines Marcan and Q material (Mk 3:22–30; Lk 11:19–20, 23; 12:10). Mk 3:20–21 is omitted, with a consequent lessening of the sharpness of Mt 12:48.
  15. 12:23 See note on Mt 9:27.
  16. 12:24 See note on Mt 10:25.
  17. 12:25–26 Jesus’ first response to the Pharisees’ charge is that if it were true, Satan would be destroying his own kingdom.
  18. 12:27 Besides pointing out the absurdity of the charge, Jesus asks how the work of Jewish exorcists (your own people) is to be interpreted. Are they, too, to be charged with collusion with Beelzebul? For an example of Jewish exorcism see Josephus, Antiquities 8:42–49.
  19. 12:28 The Q parallel (Lk 11:20) speaks of the “finger” rather than of the “spirit” of God. While the difference is probably due to Matthew’s editing, he retains the kingdom of God rather than changing it to his usual “kingdom of heaven.” Has come upon you: see Mt 4:17.
  20. 12:29 A short parable illustrates what Jesus is doing. The strong man is Satan, whom Jesus has tied up and whose house he is plundering. Jewish expectation was that Satan would be chained up in the last days (Rev 20:2); Jesus’ exorcisms indicate that those days have begun.
  21. 12:30 This saying, already attached to the preceding verses in Q (see Lk 11:23), warns that there can be no neutrality where Jesus is concerned. Its pertinence in a context where Jesus is addressing not the neutral but the bitterly opposed is not clear. The accusation of scattering, however, does fit the situation. Jesus is the shepherd of God’s people (Mt 2:6), his mission is to the lost sheep of Israel (Mt 15:24); the Pharisees, who oppose him, are guilty of scattering the sheep.
  22. 12:31 Blasphemy against the Spirit: the sin of attributing to Satan (Mt 12:24) what is the work of the Spirit of God (Mt 12:28).
  23. 12:33 Declare: literally, “make.” The meaning of this verse is obscure. Possibly it is a challenge to the Pharisees either to declare Jesus and his exorcisms good or both of them bad. A tree is known by its fruit; if the fruit is good, so must the tree be. If the driving out of demons is good, so must its source be.
  24. 12:34 The admission of Jesus’ goodness cannot be made by the Pharisees, for they are evil, and the words that proceed from their evil hearts cannot be good.
  25. 12:36–37 If on the day of judgment people will be held accountable for even their careless words, the vicious accusations of the Pharisees will surely lead to their condemnation.
  26. 12:38–42 This section is mainly from Q (see Lk 11:29–32). Mk 8:11–12, which Matthew has followed in Mt 16:1–4, has a similar demand for a sign. The scribes and Pharisees refuse to accept the exorcisms of Jesus as authentication of his claims and demand a sign that will end all possibility of doubt. Jesus’ response is that no such sign will be given. Because his opponents are evil and see him as an agent of Satan, nothing will convince them.
  27. 12:38 Teacher: see note on Mt 8:19. In Mt 16:1 the request is for a sign “from heaven” (Mk 8:11).
  28. 12:39 Unfaithful: literally, “adulterous.” The covenant between God and Israel was portrayed as a marriage bond, and unfaithfulness to the covenant as adultery; cf. Hos 2:4–14; Jer 3:6–10.
  29. 12:40 See Jon 2:1. While in Q the sign was simply Jonah’s preaching to the Ninevites (Lk 11:30, 32), Matthew here adds Jonah’s sojourn in the belly of the whale for three days and three nights, a prefigurement of Jesus’ sojourn in the abode of the dead and, implicitly, of his resurrection.
  30. 12:41–42 The Ninevites who repented (see Jon 3:1–10) and the queen of the south (i.e., of Sheba; see 1 Kgs 10:1–13) were pagans who responded to lesser opportunities than have been offered to Israel in the ministry of Jesus, something greater than Jonah or Solomon. At the final judgment they will condemn the faithless generation that has rejected him.
  31. 12:43–45 Another Q passage; cf. Mt 11:24–26. Jesus’ ministry has broken Satan’s hold over Israel, but the refusal of this evil generation to accept him will lead to a worse situation than what preceded his coming.
  32. 12:46–50 See Mk 3:31–35. Matthew has omitted Mk 3:20–21 which is taken up in Mk 3:31 (see note on Mt 12:22–32), yet the point of the story is the same in both gospels: natural kinship with Jesus counts for nothing; only one who does the will of his heavenly Father belongs to his true family.
  33. 12:47 This verse is omitted in some important textual witnesses, including Codex Sinaiticus (original reading) and Codex Vaticanus.
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Scripture texts, prefaces, introductions, footnotes and cross references used in this work are taken from the New American Bible, revised edition © 2010, 1991, 1986, 1970 Confraternity of Christian Doctrine, Inc., Washington, DC All Rights Reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the copyright owner.