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上帝的律法与人的传统

一些法利赛人和从耶路撒冷来的犹太律法师围在耶稣的身边。 他们看到耶稣的门徒中有人不洗手就拿东西吃。 法利赛人和其他犹太人一样保持着祖先的传统。他们除非用特定的方式洗手,否则就不吃东西。 他们从集市上买回的食物,除非洗过,否则也不吃。他们还遵守许多其它的传统,比如洗杯子、水壶、铜罐等等。

因此,法利赛人和律法师们就问耶稣∶“您的门徒为什么不遵守我们祖先遗留下来的传统,用脏手拿东西吃呢?”

耶稣对他们说∶“以赛亚曾经预言说你们是些虚伪的人,这预言是准确的,正如所记载的那样:

‘这些人说他们尊敬我,
但实际上我对他们无关紧要。
他们对我的崇拜毫无价值,
因为他们教导的只是人定的规矩。’ (A)

你们把上帝的诫命抛在一边,而去追随人的教导。”

耶稣又对他们说∶“为了你们能遵守自己的传统,你们很会耍小聪明,拒绝上帝的诫命。 10 摩西说∶‘要孝敬父母’ [a]。他还说过∶‘侮辱父母的人必被处死。’ [b] 11 但是你们却教导人说他们可以对父母说,‘我有一些可用来帮助你们的东西,但是我不用它帮助你们,我要把它献给上帝。’ 12 你们这是在告诉他们不必为父母做任何事了。 13 所以,你们在教执行上帝的话并不重要,你们认为更重要的是保持你们传播的传统,你们做了许多类似的事情。”

14 耶稣又把人们叫到身边,对他们说∶“每个人都要听我的话,而且还要理解我的话, 15 从外界进入一个人体内的事物不能玷污他,但是来自他内在的事物却会玷污他。 16  [c]

17 然后耶稣离开人群,进了屋子。他的门徒们问他这个寓言是什么意思。 18 耶稣对他们说∶“为什么你们也不理解呢?难道你们不知道吗?从外界进入一个人体内的事物不能玷污一个人, 19 因为它进入不了人的内心,它只不过进到他的肚子里,然后又会排泻出去。”(耶稣这么说,意思为所有食物都干净的。)

20 耶稣又说∶“玷污人的事物是来自内心的。 21 因为从内在,一个人发自内心的邪念,不道德的性行为,偷窃、谋杀、 22 通奸、贪婪、邪恶、欺诈、下流、嫉妒、诽谤、自大和愚蠢。 23 所有这些邪恶的事物都来自于内在,它们会玷污人。”

帮助非犹太女子

24 耶稣离开那里,到推罗附近的地区去了。他走进一座房子,本不想让人知道,可是却瞒不住人。 25 一个女子听说耶稣在那里,她的女儿被邪灵附体。她来见耶稣,跪在他脚边。 26 这个女子不是犹太人,生在叙利亚的腓尼基。她恳求耶稣把她女儿身上的鬼赶走。

27 耶稣对她说∶“应该首先让孩子们吃饱,因为不该把孩子的面包拿去喂狗。”

28 女子回答说∶“先生,即便是饭桌下的狗也能吃孩子剩下的残渣剩饭呀。”

29 耶稣说∶“因为你这么讲,你回家去吧。鬼已离开了你的女儿。”

30 女子回到家,看见女儿躺在床上,鬼已经离开她了。

治好聋人

31 耶稣从推罗地区回来,穿过西顿,经过低加波利,来到加利利湖。 32 当地人带着一个又聋又哑的人来见耶稣,求他把手放在聋子的身上。 33 耶稣带着聋子离开人群,把手指伸到他的耳朵里,又吐了点唾沫,摸摸他的舌头, 34 然后仰望天空,长叹一声,说∶“以法大 [d]!” 35 聋子的耳朵顿时能听见了,舌头也变得灵活了,讲话也清楚了。

36 耶稣叮嘱人们不要把这事告诉别人。可是他越嘱咐,大家越是讲得起劲。 37 他们都非常惊讶,说∶“耶稣什么事都做得到。他竟然能让聋子听见,让哑巴说话。”

Footnotes

  1. 馬 可 福 音 7:10 引自《出埃及记》20:12;《申命记》5:16。
  2. 馬 可 福 音 7:10 引自《出埃及记》21:17。
  3. 馬 可 福 音 7:16 一些希腊版本增有16节:听到我说的你们这些人,听着。
  4. 馬 可 福 音 7:34 以法大∶ 打开。

论古人的传统(A)

有法利赛人和几个从耶路撒冷来的文士聚集到耶稣那里。 他们曾看见他的门徒中有人用不洁净的手,就是没有洗的手吃饭。 法利赛人和所有的犹太人都拘守古人的传统,若不按规矩洗手就不吃饭; 从市场来,若不洗净也不吃饭;他们还拘守好些别的规矩,如洗杯、罐、铜器、床铺[a]等。 法利赛人和文士问他说:“你的门徒为什么不照古人的传统,竟然用不洁净的手吃饭呢?” 耶稣对他们说:“以赛亚指着你们假冒为善的人所预言的说得好。如经上所记:

‘这百姓用嘴唇尊敬我,
他们的心却远离我。
他们把人的规条当作教义教导人;
他们拜我也是枉然。’

你们是离弃 神的诫命,拘守人的传统。” 耶稣又说:“你们诚然是废弃 神的诫命,为要守自己的传统。 10 摩西说:‘当孝敬父母’;又说:‘咒骂父母的,必须处死。’ 11 你们倒说:‘人若对父母说:我所当供奉你的已经作了各耳板’(各耳板就是奉献的意思), 12 你们就容许他不必再奉养父母。 13 这就是你们藉着继承传统,废了 神的话。你们还做许多这样的事。”

14 耶稣又叫众人来,对他们说:“你们都要听我的话,也要明白。 15 从外面进去的不能玷污人,惟有从里面出来的才玷污人。[b] 17 耶稣离开众人,进了屋子,门徒就问他这比喻的意思。 18 耶稣对他们说:“你们也是这样不明白吗?难道你们不了解,凡从外面进去的不能玷污人吗? 19 因为不是进入他的心,而是进入他的肚子,又排入厕所。”(这是说,各样的食物都是洁净的。) 20 耶稣又说:“从人里面出来的,那才玷污人; 21 因为从人心里发出种种恶念,如淫乱、偷盗、凶杀、 22 奸淫、贪婪、邪恶、诡诈、淫荡、嫉妒、毁谤、骄傲、狂妄。 23 这一切的恶都是从里面出来,且能玷污人。”

腓尼基妇人的信心(B)

24 耶稣从那里起身,往推罗[c]境内去,进了一家,他不愿意人知道,却隐藏不住。 25 立刻有一个妇人,她的小女儿被污灵附着,一听见耶稣的事,就来俯伏在他脚前。 26 这妇人是希腊人,属叙利亚腓尼基族。她求耶稣从她女儿身上赶出那鬼。 27 耶稣对她说:“让孩子们先吃饱,拿孩子的饼丢给小狗吃是不妥的。” 28 妇人回答:“主啊,桌子底下的小狗也吃小孩子的碎屑呀!” 29 耶稣对她说:“凭着这句话,你回去吧,鬼已经离开你的女儿了。” 30 她就回家去,见小孩子躺在床上,鬼已经出去了。

耶稣治好耳聋舌结的人

31 耶稣又离开了推罗地区,经过西顿,就从低加坡里境内来到加利利海 32 有人带着一个耳聋舌结的人来见耶稣,求他为他按手。 33 耶稣领他离开众人,到一边去,就用指头探他的耳朵,吐唾沫抹他的舌头, 34 望天叹息,对他说:“以法大!”就是说“开了吧!” 35 他的耳朵立刻[d]开了,舌结也解了,他说话也清楚了。 36 耶稣嘱咐他们不要告诉人;但他越嘱咐,他们越发传扬。 37 众人分外惊奇,说:“他所做的事样样都好,他甚至使聋子听见,哑巴说话。”

Footnotes

  1. 7.4 有古卷没有“床铺”。
  2. 7.15 有古卷加“16 有耳可听的,就应当听!”
  3. 7.24 有古卷加“西顿”。
  4. 7.35 有古卷没有“立刻”。

Then came together unto him the Pharisees, and certain of the scribes, which came from Jerusalem.

And when they saw some of his disciples eat bread with defiled, that is to say, with unwashen, hands, they found fault.

For the Pharisees, and all the Jews, except they wash their hands oft, eat not, holding the tradition of the elders.

And when they come from the market, except they wash, they eat not. And many other things there be, which they have received to hold, as the washing of cups, and pots, brasen vessels, and of tables.

Then the Pharisees and scribes asked him, Why walk not thy disciples according to the tradition of the elders, but eat bread with unwashen hands?

He answered and said unto them, Well hath Esaias prophesied of you hypocrites, as it is written, This people honoureth me with their lips, but their heart is far from me.

Howbeit in vain do they worship me, teaching for doctrines the commandments of men.

For laying aside the commandment of God, ye hold the tradition of men, as the washing of pots and cups: and many other such like things ye do.

And he said unto them, Full well ye reject the commandment of God, that ye may keep your own tradition.

10 For Moses said, Honour thy father and thy mother; and, Whoso curseth father or mother, let him die the death:

11 But ye say, If a man shall say to his father or mother, It is Corban, that is to say, a gift, by whatsoever thou mightest be profited by me; he shall be free.

12 And ye suffer him no more to do ought for his father or his mother;

13 Making the word of God of none effect through your tradition, which ye have delivered: and many such like things do ye.

14 And when he had called all the people unto him, he said unto them, Hearken unto me every one of you, and understand:

15 There is nothing from without a man, that entering into him can defile him: but the things which come out of him, those are they that defile the man.

16 If any man have ears to hear, let him hear.

17 And when he was entered into the house from the people, his disciples asked him concerning the parable.

18 And he saith unto them, Are ye so without understanding also? Do ye not perceive, that whatsoever thing from without entereth into the man, it cannot defile him;

19 Because it entereth not into his heart, but into the belly, and goeth out into the draught, purging all meats?

20 And he said, That which cometh out of the man, that defileth the man.

21 For from within, out of the heart of men, proceed evil thoughts, adulteries, fornications, murders,

22 Thefts, covetousness, wickedness, deceit, lasciviousness, an evil eye, blasphemy, pride, foolishness:

23 All these evil things come from within, and defile the man.

24 And from thence he arose, and went into the borders of Tyre and Sidon, and entered into an house, and would have no man know it: but he could not be hid.

25 For a certain woman, whose young daughter had an unclean spirit, heard of him, and came and fell at his feet:

26 The woman was a Greek, a Syrophenician by nation; and she besought him that he would cast forth the devil out of her daughter.

27 But Jesus said unto her, Let the children first be filled: for it is not meet to take the children's bread, and to cast it unto the dogs.

28 And she answered and said unto him, Yes, Lord: yet the dogs under the table eat of the children's crumbs.

29 And he said unto her, For this saying go thy way; the devil is gone out of thy daughter.

30 And when she was come to her house, she found the devil gone out, and her daughter laid upon the bed.

31 And again, departing from the coasts of Tyre and Sidon, he came unto the sea of Galilee, through the midst of the coasts of Decapolis.

32 And they bring unto him one that was deaf, and had an impediment in his speech; and they beseech him to put his hand upon him.

33 And he took him aside from the multitude, and put his fingers into his ears, and he spit, and touched his tongue;

34 And looking up to heaven, he sighed, and saith unto him, Ephphatha, that is, Be opened.

35 And straightway his ears were opened, and the string of his tongue was loosed, and he spake plain.

36 And he charged them that they should tell no man: but the more he charged them, so much the more a great deal they published it;

37 And were beyond measure astonished, saying, He hath done all things well: he maketh both the deaf to hear, and the dumb to speak.