傳統與誡命

有法利賽人和一些律法教師從耶路撒冷來見耶穌。 他們看到祂的門徒有些吃飯前沒有照禮儀洗手。 因為法利賽人和所有的猶太人都拘守古人的傳統,總是先照禮儀洗手之後才吃飯; 從市場回來也要先潔淨自己,然後才吃飯。他們還拘守許多其他規矩,如洗杯、罐、銅器等。

他們質問耶穌:「為什麼你的門徒違背祖先的傳統,竟用不潔淨的手吃飯呢?」

耶穌回答說:「以賽亞先知針對你們這些偽君子所說的預言一點不錯,正如聖經上說,

『這些人嘴上尊崇我,
心卻遠離我。
他們的教導無非是人的規條,
他們敬拜我也是枉然。』

你們只知拘守人的傳統,卻無視上帝的誡命。」 耶穌又對他們說:「你們為了拘守自己的傳統,竟巧妙地廢除了上帝的誡命。 10 摩西說,『要孝敬父母』,又說,『咒罵父母的,必被處死。』 11 你們卻認為人若對父母說,『我把供養你們的錢財已經全部奉獻給上帝了』, 12 他就可以不奉養父母。 13 你們就是這樣為了拘守傳統而廢除上帝的道,類似的情形還有很多。」

內心的污穢

14 耶穌又召集眾人,教導他們說:「我的話,你們要聽明白, 15 從外面進去的不會使人污穢,只有從人裡面發出來的才會使人污穢。 16 有耳可聽的,都應當聽!」

17 耶穌離開眾人,進了屋子,門徒問祂這比喻的意思。 18 耶穌說:「你們也不明白嗎?你們不知道嗎?從外面進去的,不會使人污穢, 19 因為不能進入他的心,只能進他的腸胃,最後會排出來,也就是說所有的食物都是潔淨的。 20 從人裡面發出來的才使人污穢, 21 因為從裡面,就是從人的心裡能夠生出惡念、苟合、偷盜、謀殺、 22 通姦、貪婪、邪惡、詭詐、放蕩、嫉妒、毀謗、驕傲、狂妄。 23 這一切惡事都是從裡面生出來的,能使人污穢。」

外族婦人的信心

24 耶穌從那裡啟程去泰爾和西頓地區。祂進了一戶人家,原本不想讓人知道,卻無法避開人們的注意。 25-26 當時有一個婦人的小女兒被污鬼附身,她聽見耶穌的事,就來俯伏在祂腳前,懇求祂趕出她女兒身上的鬼。這婦人是希臘人,來自敘利亞的腓尼基。

27 耶穌對她說:「要先讓兒女們吃飽,因為把兒女的食物丟給狗吃不合適。」

28 婦人說:「主啊,你說的對,但桌子下的狗也吃孩子們掉下來的碎渣呀!」

29 耶穌說:「因為你這句話,你回去吧,鬼已經離開你的女兒了。」

30 她回到家裡,見女兒躺在床上,鬼已經離開了。

醫治聾啞的人

31 耶穌離開泰爾地區,經過西頓,來到低加坡里地區的加利利湖。 32 有人帶著一個又聾又啞的人來見耶穌,懇求祂把手按在這個人身上。 33 耶穌就帶他離開眾人走到一邊,用指頭伸進他的耳朵,又吐唾沫抹他的舌頭, 34 望天長歎,對他說:「以法大!」意思是「開了吧!」 35 他的耳朵立刻開了,舌頭靈活了,說話也清楚了。 36 耶穌吩咐他們不要將這事告訴人。可是耶穌越是這樣吩咐,他們越是極力宣揚, 37 聽見的人都十分驚奇,說:「祂做的事好極了,甚至叫聾子聽見,啞巴說話!」

不可因传统废弃 神的诫命(A)

有法利赛人和几个经学家从耶路撒冷来,聚集到耶稣那里。 他们看见他的门徒有人用不洁的手,就是没有洗过的手吃饭, (原来法利赛人和所有的犹太人都拘守古人的传统,如果不认真洗手,就不吃东西; 从街市回来,若不洗手,就不吃东西,还有许多别的传统,他们都沿袭拘守,例如洗杯、洗罐、洗铜器等等。) 法利赛人和经学家问耶稣:“你的门徒为甚么不遵行古人的传统,用不洁的手吃饭呢?” 耶稣对他们说:“以赛亚指着你们这班伪君子所说的预言是对的,经上记着:

‘这人民用嘴唇尊敬我,

心却远离我;

他们把人的规条当作道理去教导人,

所以拜我也是徒然。’

你们拘守着人的传统,却离弃了 神的诫命。” 耶稣又对他们说:“你们为了坚守自己的传统,而巧妙地把 神的诫命拒绝了。 10 因为摩西说:‘当孝敬父母’,又说:‘咒骂父母的,必被处死。’ 11 你们倒说:‘人对父母说,我应该给你的供奉,已经作了各耳板’(各耳板意思是奉给 神的供物), 12 你们就不让那人再为父母作甚么。 13 这样,你们借着所领受的传统,把 神的话废弃了。你们还作了许多这一类的事。”

14 于是耶稣又把群众叫过来,对他们说:“你们大家都要听我说,也要明白: 15 从外面进去的,不能使人污秽,从里面出来的,才能使人污秽。”(有些抄本有第16节:“有耳可听的,就应该听。”) 17 耶稣离开群众,进了屋子,门徒就来问他这比喻的意思。 18 他对他们说:“连你们也是这样不明白吗?难道不知道从外面进去的,不能使人污秽吗? 19 因为不是进到他的心,而是进到他的肚腹,再排泄到外面(“外面”或译:“厕所”)去。”(他这样说是表示各样食物都是洁净的。) 20 接着他又说:“从人里面出来的,才会使人污秽。 21 因为从里面,就是从人的心里,发出恶念、淫乱、偷盗、凶杀、 22 奸淫、贪心、邪恶、诡诈、放荡、嫉妒、毁谤、骄傲、愚妄; 23 这一切恶事,是从人里面出来的,都能使人污秽。”

叙利亚妇人的信心(B)

24 耶稣从那里动身到推罗(有些抄本在此有“和西顿”)境内去。进了一所房子,本来不想让人知道,却隐藏不住。 25 有一个女人,她的小女儿被污灵附着,她听见了耶稣的事,就来俯伏在他脚前。 26 这女人是外族人,属于叙利亚的腓尼基族。她求耶稣把鬼从她女儿身上赶出去。 27 耶稣对她说:“应该先让儿女吃饱。拿儿女的饼去丢给小狗吃是不好的。” 28 那女人回答他:“主啊,是的,不过小狗在桌子底下,也可以吃孩子们掉下来的碎渣。” 29 耶稣对她说:“就凭这句话,你回去吧,鬼已经从你女儿身上出去了。” 30 她回到家里,看见小孩子躺在床上,鬼已经出去了。

治好又聋又哑的人(C)

31 耶稣从推罗境内出去,经过西顿,回到低加波利地区的加利利海。 32 有人带着一个又聋又哑的人到他那里,求耶稣按手在他身上。 33 耶稣把他从人群中带到一边,用指头探他的耳朵,吐唾沫抹他的舌头, 34 然后望着天,长长地叹了一口气,对他说:“以法大!”意思是“开了吧”。 35 那人的耳朵就开了,舌头也松了,说话也准确了。 36 耶稣嘱咐他们不要告诉人。但他越是嘱咐,他们却越发传扬。 37 众人非常惊讶说:“他所作的一切事都好极了;他竟然使聋子听见,又使哑巴说话。”

The Traditions of the Elders

The(A) Pharisees(B) and some of the scribes(C) who had come from Jerusalem(D) gathered around Him. They observed that some of His disciples were eating their bread with unclean(E)—that is, unwashed—hands. (For the Pharisees, in fact all the Jews, will not eat unless they wash their hands ritually, keeping the tradition of the elders. When they come from the marketplace,(F) they do not eat unless they have washed.(G) And there are many other customs they have received and keep, like the washing of cups, jugs, copper utensils, and dining couches.[a](H)) Then the Pharisees(I) and the scribes(J) asked Him, “Why don’t Your disciples live according to the tradition of the elders,(K) instead of eating bread with ritually unclean[b] hands?”

He answered them, “Isaiah(L) prophesied(M) correctly about you hypocrites,(N) as it is written:(O)

These people honor(P) Me with their lips,
but their heart is far from Me.
They worship Me in vain,
teaching(Q) as doctrines(R) the commands(S) of men.(T)[c]

Disregarding the command of God, you keep the tradition of men.”[d] He also said to them, “You completely invalidate God’s command in order to maintain[e] your tradition! 10 For Moses(U) said:

Honor your father and your mother;(V)[f] and
Whoever speaks evil of father or mother
must be put to death.(W)[g]

11 But you say, ‘If a man tells his father or mother: Whatever benefit(X) you might have received from me is Corban’” (that is, a gift(Y) committed to the temple), 12 “you no longer let him do anything for his father or mother. 13 You revoke God’s word(Z) by your tradition that you have handed(AA) down. And you do many other similar things.” 14 Summoning(AB) the crowd again, He told them, “Listen to Me, all of you, and understand:(AC) 15 Nothing that goes into a person from outside can defile him, but the things that come out of a person are what defile him. [16 If anyone has ears to hear, he should listen!]”[h]

17 When He went into the house away from the crowd, the disciples asked Him about the parable. 18 And He said to them, “Are you also as lacking in understanding? Don’t you realize that nothing going into a man from the outside can defile him? 19 For it doesn’t go into his heart but into the stomach(AD) and is eliminated.”[i] (As a result, He made all foods clean.[j](AE)) 20 Then He said, “What comes out of a person—that defiles him. 21 For from within, out of people’s hearts, come evil thoughts, sexual immoralities,(AF) thefts, murders,(AG) 22 adulteries,(AH) greed,(AI) evil actions, deceit,(AJ) promiscuity,(AK) stinginess,[k] blasphemy,(AL) pride,(AM) and foolishness.(AN) 23 All these evil things come from within and defile a person.”

A Gentile Mother’s Faith

24 He got up and departed from(AO) there to the region of Tyre(AP) and Sidon.[l](AQ) He entered a house and did not want anyone to know it, but He could not escape notice. 25 Instead, immediately after hearing about Him, a woman whose little daughter had an unclean spirit(AR) came and fell at His feet.(AS) 26 Now the woman was Greek,(AT) a Syrophoenician by birth, and she kept asking Him to drive the demon(AU) out of her daughter. 27 He said to her, “Allow the children to be satisfied first, because it isn’t right to take the children’s bread and throw it to the dogs.”(AV)

28 But she replied to Him, “Lord,(AW) even the dogs under the table eat the children’s crumbs.”

29 Then He told her, “Because of this reply, you may go. The demon has gone out of your daughter.” 30 When she went back to her home, she found her child lying on the bed, and the demon was gone.

Jesus Does Everything Well

31 Again, leaving the region of Tyre,(AX) He went by way of Sidon to the Sea of Galilee,(AY) through[m] the region of the Decapolis.(AZ) 32 They brought to Him a deaf(BA) man who also had a speech difficulty,(BB) and begged Jesus to lay His hand on(BC) him. 33 So He took him away from the crowd privately. After putting His fingers in the man’s ears and spitting,(BD) He touched his tongue. 34 Then, looking up to heaven,(BE) He sighed deeply and said to him, “Ephphatha!”[n] (that is, “Be opened!”). 35 Immediately his ears were opened,(BF) his speech difficulty was removed,[o] and he began to speak clearly.(BG) 36 Then He ordered them to tell no one,(BH) but the more He would order them, the more they would proclaim(BI) it.

37 They were extremely astonished and said, “He has done everything well!(BJ) He even makes deaf(BK) people hear, and people unable to speak,(BL) talk!”

Footnotes

  1. Mark 7:4 Other mss omit and dining couches
  2. Mark 7:5 Other mss read with unwashed
  3. Mark 7:7 Is 29:13
  4. Mark 7:8 Other mss add The washing of jugs, and cups, and many other similar things you practice.
  5. Mark 7:9 Other mss read to establish
  6. Mark 7:10 Ex 20:12; Dt 5:16
  7. Mark 7:10 Ex 21:17; Lv 20:9
  8. Mark 7:16 Other mss omit bracketed text
  9. Mark 7:19 Lit goes out into the toilet
  10. Mark 7:19 Other mss read is eliminated, making all foods clean.”
  11. Mark 7:22 Lit evil eye
  12. Mark 7:24 Other mss omit and Sidon
  13. Mark 7:31 Or into
  14. Mark 7:34 An Aram expression
  15. Mark 7:35 Lit opened, the bond of his tongue was untied

Then came together unto him the Pharisees, and certain of the scribes, which came from Jerusalem.

And when they saw some of his disciples eat bread with defiled, that is to say, with unwashen, hands, they found fault.

For the Pharisees, and all the Jews, except they wash their hands oft, eat not, holding the tradition of the elders.

And when they come from the market, except they wash, they eat not. And many other things there be, which they have received to hold, as the washing of cups, and pots, brasen vessels, and of tables.

Then the Pharisees and scribes asked him, Why walk not thy disciples according to the tradition of the elders, but eat bread with unwashen hands?

He answered and said unto them, Well hath Esaias prophesied of you hypocrites, as it is written, This people honoureth me with their lips, but their heart is far from me.

Howbeit in vain do they worship me, teaching for doctrines the commandments of men.

For laying aside the commandment of God, ye hold the tradition of men, as the washing of pots and cups: and many other such like things ye do.

And he said unto them, Full well ye reject the commandment of God, that ye may keep your own tradition.

10 For Moses said, Honour thy father and thy mother; and, Whoso curseth father or mother, let him die the death:

11 But ye say, If a man shall say to his father or mother, It is Corban, that is to say, a gift, by whatsoever thou mightest be profited by me; he shall be free.

12 And ye suffer him no more to do ought for his father or his mother;

13 Making the word of God of none effect through your tradition, which ye have delivered: and many such like things do ye.

14 And when he had called all the people unto him, he said unto them, Hearken unto me every one of you, and understand:

15 There is nothing from without a man, that entering into him can defile him: but the things which come out of him, those are they that defile the man.

16 If any man have ears to hear, let him hear.

17 And when he was entered into the house from the people, his disciples asked him concerning the parable.

18 And he saith unto them, Are ye so without understanding also? Do ye not perceive, that whatsoever thing from without entereth into the man, it cannot defile him;

19 Because it entereth not into his heart, but into the belly, and goeth out into the draught, purging all meats?

20 And he said, That which cometh out of the man, that defileth the man.

21 For from within, out of the heart of men, proceed evil thoughts, adulteries, fornications, murders,

22 Thefts, covetousness, wickedness, deceit, lasciviousness, an evil eye, blasphemy, pride, foolishness:

23 All these evil things come from within, and defile the man.

24 And from thence he arose, and went into the borders of Tyre and Sidon, and entered into an house, and would have no man know it: but he could not be hid.

25 For a certain woman, whose young daughter had an unclean spirit, heard of him, and came and fell at his feet:

26 The woman was a Greek, a Syrophenician by nation; and she besought him that he would cast forth the devil out of her daughter.

27 But Jesus said unto her, Let the children first be filled: for it is not meet to take the children's bread, and to cast it unto the dogs.

28 And she answered and said unto him, Yes, Lord: yet the dogs under the table eat of the children's crumbs.

29 And he said unto her, For this saying go thy way; the devil is gone out of thy daughter.

30 And when she was come to her house, she found the devil gone out, and her daughter laid upon the bed.

31 And again, departing from the coasts of Tyre and Sidon, he came unto the sea of Galilee, through the midst of the coasts of Decapolis.

32 And they bring unto him one that was deaf, and had an impediment in his speech; and they beseech him to put his hand upon him.

33 And he took him aside from the multitude, and put his fingers into his ears, and he spit, and touched his tongue;

34 And looking up to heaven, he sighed, and saith unto him, Ephphatha, that is, Be opened.

35 And straightway his ears were opened, and the string of his tongue was loosed, and he spake plain.

36 And he charged them that they should tell no man: but the more he charged them, so much the more a great deal they published it;

37 And were beyond measure astonished, saying, He hath done all things well: he maketh both the deaf to hear, and the dumb to speak.