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佃戶的比喻(A)

12 耶穌又用比喻對他們說:“有一個人栽種了一個葡萄園,四面圍上籬笆,挖了一個壓酒池,蓋了一座瞭望臺,然後租給佃戶,就遠行去了。 到了時候,園主派了一個僕人到佃戶那裡,向佃戶收取葡萄園一部分的果子。 佃戶抓住他,打了他,放他空手回去。 園主再派另外一個僕人到他們那裡,他們打傷了他的頭,並且侮辱他。 園主又派另一個去,他們就把他殺了。後來又派去許多僕人,有的給他們打了,有的給他們殺了。 還有一個,就是園主的愛子,最後園主派他到那裡去,說:‘他們必尊敬我的兒子。’ 那些佃戶卻彼此說:‘這是繼承產業的;來,我們殺了他,產業就是我們的了。’ 於是抓住他,把他殺了,扔在葡萄園外。 這樣,葡萄園的主人要怎麼辦呢?他要來除掉那些佃戶,把葡萄園租給別人。 10 你們沒有念過這段聖經嗎:

‘建築工人所棄的石頭,

成了房角的主要石頭;

11 這是主所作的,

在我們眼中看為希奇。’”

12 他們知道他這比喻是針對他們說的,就想要捉拿他,但因為害怕群眾,只好離開他走了。

以納稅的事問難耶穌(B)

13 後來,他們派了幾個法利賽人和希律黨的人到耶穌那裡去,要找他的把柄來陷害他。 14 他們來到了,就對他說:“老師,我們知道你為人誠實,不顧忌任何人,因為你不徇情面,只照著真理把 神的道教導人。請問納稅給凱撒可以不可以?我們該納不該納呢?” 15 耶穌看出他們的假意,就對他們說:“你們為甚麼試探我呢?拿一個銀幣來給我,讓我看看。” 16 他們就拿來了。耶穌問他們:“這是誰的像,誰的名號?”他們回答他:“凱撒的。” 17 耶穌說:“凱撒的應當歸給凱撒, 神的應當歸給 神。”他們就對他十分驚奇。

人復活後不娶不嫁(C)

18 撒都該人向來認為沒有復活的事,他們來到耶穌那裡,問他: 19 “老師,摩西曾寫給我們說:‘如果一個人死了,留下妻子,沒有兒女,他的弟弟就應當娶他的妻子,為哥哥立後。’ 20 從前有兄弟七人,頭一個娶了妻子,死了,沒有留下孩子; 21 第二個娶了她,也沒有留下孩子,就死了;第三個也是這樣。 22 那七個人都沒有留下孩子,最後那女人也死了。 23 到了復活的時候,他們都要復活,她是哪一個的妻子呢?因為七個人都娶過她。” 24 耶穌對他們說:“你們錯了,不正是因為你們不明白聖經,也不曉得 神的能力嗎? 25 因為人從死裡復活以後,也不娶,也不嫁,而是像天上的天使一樣。 26 關於死人復活的事,摩西的經卷中荊棘篇上, 神怎樣對他說:‘我是亞伯拉罕的 神,以撒的 神,雅各的 神’,你們沒有念過嗎? 27 他不是死人的 神,而是活人的 神。你們是大錯特錯了!”

最重要的誡命(D)

28 有一個經學家,聽到他們的辯論,覺得耶穌回答得好,就來問他:“誡命中哪一條是第一重要的呢?” 29 耶穌回答:“第一重要的是:‘以色列啊,你要聽!主我們的 神是獨一的主。 30 你要全心、全性、全意、全力,愛主你的 神。’ 31 其次是:‘要愛人如己。’再沒有別的誡命比這兩條更重要的了。” 32 那經學家對耶穌說:“老師,是的,你說的很對, 神是獨一的,除了他以外再沒有別的 神。 33 我們要用全心、全意、全力去愛他,並且要愛人如己,這就比一切燔祭和各樣祭物好得多了。” 34 耶穌見他回答得有智慧,就對他說:“你距離 神的國不遠了。”從此再也沒有人敢問他了。

大衛稱基督為主(E)

35 耶穌在殿裡教訓人,說:“經學家怎麼說基督是大衛的子孫呢? 36 大衛自己被聖靈感動卻說:

‘主對我的主說:

你坐在我的右邊,

等我把你的仇敵放在你的腳下(有些抄本作“等我使你的仇敵作你的腳凳”)。’

37 大衛自己既然稱他為主,他又怎麼會是大衛的子孫呢?”群眾都喜歡聽他。

耶穌叫人提防經學家(F)

38 耶穌教導人的時候,說:“你們要提防經學家,他們喜歡穿長袍走來走去,喜歡人在市中心向他們問安, 39 又喜歡會堂裡的高位,筵席上的首座。 40 他們吞沒了寡婦的房產,又假裝作冗長的禱告。這些人必受更重的刑罰。”

窮寡婦的奉獻(G)

41 耶穌面對銀庫坐著,看著大家怎樣把錢投入庫中。許多有錢的人投入很多的錢。 42 後來,有一個窮寡婦來投入了兩個小錢,就是一個銅錢。 43 耶穌把門徒叫過來,對他們說:“我實在告訴你們,這窮寡婦投入庫裡的,比眾人投的更多。 44 因為他們都是把自己剩餘的投入,這寡婦是自己不足,卻把她一切所有的,就是全部養生的,都投進去了。”

Parábola de los labradores malvados(A)

12 Entonces comenzó Jesús a hablarles en parábolas: «Un hombre plantó un viñedo. Lo cercó, cavó un lagar y construyó una torre de vigilancia. Luego arrendó el viñedo a unos labradores y se fue de viaje. Llegada la cosecha, mandó un siervo a los labradores para recibir de ellos una parte del fruto. Pero ellos lo agarraron, lo golpearon y lo despidieron con las manos vacías. Entonces les mandó otro siervo; a este le rompieron la cabeza y lo humillaron. Mandó a otro, y a este lo mataron. Mandó a otros muchos; a unos los golpearon; a otros los mataron.

»Le quedaba todavía uno, su hijo amado. Por último, lo mandó a él, pensando: “¡A mi hijo sí que lo respetarán!” Pero aquellos labradores se dijeron unos a otros: “Este es el heredero. Matémoslo, y la herencia será nuestra”. Así que le echaron mano y lo mataron, y lo arrojaron fuera del viñedo.

»¿Qué hará el dueño? Volverá, acabará con los labradores, y dará el viñedo a otros. 10 ¿No habéis leído esta Escritura:

»“La piedra que desecharon los constructores
    ha llegado a ser la piedra angular;
11 esto es obra del Señor,
    y nos deja maravillados”?»[a]

12 Cayendo en la cuenta de que la parábola iba dirigida contra ellos, buscaban la manera de arrestarlo. Pero temían a la multitud; así que lo dejaron y se fueron.

El pago de impuestos al césar(B)

13 Luego enviaron a Jesús algunos de los fariseos y de los herodianos para tenderle una trampa con sus mismas palabras. 14 Al llegar le dijeron:

―Maestro, sabemos que eres un hombre íntegro. No te dejas influir por nadie, porque no te fijas en las apariencias, sino que de verdad enseñas el camino de Dios. ¿Está permitido pagar impuestos al césar o no? 15 ¿Debemos pagar o no?

Pero Jesús, sabiendo que fingían, les replicó:

―¿Por qué me tendéis trampas? Traedme una moneda romana[b] para verla.

16 Le llevaron la moneda, y él les preguntó:

―¿De quién son esta imagen y esta inscripción?

―Del césar —contestaron.

17 ―Dadle, pues, al césar lo que es del césar, y a Dios lo que es de Dios.

Y se quedaron admirados de él.

El matrimonio en la resurrección(C)

18 Entonces los saduceos, que dicen que no hay resurrección, fueron a verlo y le plantearon un problema:

19 ―Maestro, Moisés nos enseñó en sus escritos que, si un hombre muere y deja a la viuda sin hijos, el hermano de ese hombre tiene que casarse con la viuda para que su hermano tenga descendencia. 20 Ahora bien, había siete hermanos. El primero se casó y murió sin dejar descendencia. 21 El segundo se casó con la viuda, pero también murió sin dejar descendencia. Lo mismo le pasó al tercero. 22 En fin, ninguno de los siete dejó descendencia. Por último, murió también la mujer. 23 Cuando resuciten, ¿de cuál de ellos será esposa esta mujer, ya que los siete estuvieron casados con ella?

24 ―¿Acaso no andáis desencaminados? —les replicó Jesús—. ¡Es que desconocéis las Escrituras y el poder de Dios! 25 Cuando resuciten los muertos, no se casarán ni serán dados en casamiento, sino que serán como los ángeles que están en el cielo. 26 Pero, en cuanto a que los muertos resucitan, ¿no habéis leído en el libro de Moisés, en el pasaje sobre la zarza, cómo Dios le dijo: “Yo soy el Dios de Abraham, de Isaac y de Jacob”?[c] 27 Él no es Dios de muertos, sino de vivos. ¡Andáis muy desencaminados!

El mandamiento más importante(D)

28 Uno de los maestros de la ley se acercó y los oyó discutiendo. Al ver lo bien que Jesús les había contestado, le preguntó:

―De todos los mandamientos, ¿cuál es el más importante?

29 ―El más importante es: “Oye, Israel. El Señor nuestro Dios es el único Señor[d] —contestó Jesús—. 30 Ama al Señor tu Dios con todo tu corazón, con toda tu alma, con toda tu mente y con todas tus fuerzas”.[e] 31 El segundo es: “Ama a tu prójimo como a ti mismo”.[f] No hay otro mandamiento más importante que estos.

32 ―Bien dicho, Maestro —respondió el hombre—. Tienes razón al decir que Dios es uno solo y que no hay otro fuera de él. 33 Amarlo con todo el corazón, con todo el entendimiento y con todas las fuerzas, y amar al prójimo como a uno mismo, es más importante que todos los holocaustos y sacrificios.

34 Al ver Jesús que había respondido con inteligencia, le dijo:

―No estás lejos del reino de Dios.

Y desde entonces nadie se atrevió a hacerle más preguntas.

¿De quién es hijo el Cristo?(E)(F)

35 Mientras enseñaba en el templo, Jesús les propuso:

―¿Cómo es que los maestros de la ley dicen que el Cristo es hijo de David? 36 David mismo, hablando por el Espíritu Santo, declaró:

»“Dijo el Señor a mi Señor:
    ‘Siéntate a mi derecha,
hasta que ponga a tus enemigos
    debajo de tus pies’ ”.[g]

37 Si David mismo lo llama “Señor”, ¿cómo puede ser su hijo?»

La muchedumbre lo escuchaba con agrado. 38 Como parte de su enseñanza, Jesús decía:

―Guardaos de los maestros de la ley. Les gusta pasearse con ropas ostentosas y que los saluden en las plazas, 39 ocupar los primeros asientos en las sinagogas y los lugares de honor en los banquetes. 40 Se apoderan de los bienes de las viudas y a la vez hacen largas plegarias para impresionar a los demás. Estos recibirán peor castigo.

La ofrenda de la viuda(G)

41 Jesús se sentó frente al lugar donde se depositaban las ofrendas, y estuvo observando cómo la gente echaba sus monedas en el cepillo del templo. Muchos ricos echaban grandes cantidades. 42 Pero una viuda pobre llegó y echó dos moneditas de muy poco valor.[h]

43 Jesús llamó a sus discípulos y les dijo: «Os aseguro que esta viuda pobre ha echado en el tesoro más que todos los demás. 44 Estos dieron de lo que les sobraba; pero ella, de su pobreza, echó todo lo que tenía, todo su sustento».

Footnotes

  1. 12:11 Sal 118:22,23
  2. 12:15 una moneda romana. Lit. un denario.
  3. 12:26 Éx 3:6
  4. 12:29 Dios es el único Señor. Alt. Dios, el Señor es uno.
  5. 12:30 Dt 6:4,5
  6. 12:31 Lv 19:18
  7. 12:36 Sal 110:1
  8. 12:42 dos moneditas de muy poco valor. Lit. dos lepta, que es un cuadrante.

The Parable of the Tenants(A)

12 Jesus then began to speak to them in parables: “A man planted a vineyard.(B) He put a wall around it, dug a pit for the winepress and built a watchtower. Then he rented the vineyard to some farmers and moved to another place. At harvest time he sent a servant to the tenants to collect from them some of the fruit of the vineyard. But they seized him, beat him and sent him away empty-handed. Then he sent another servant to them; they struck this man on the head and treated him shamefully. He sent still another, and that one they killed. He sent many others; some of them they beat, others they killed.

“He had one left to send, a son, whom he loved. He sent him last of all,(C) saying, ‘They will respect my son.’

“But the tenants said to one another, ‘This is the heir. Come, let’s kill him, and the inheritance will be ours.’ So they took him and killed him, and threw him out of the vineyard.

“What then will the owner of the vineyard do? He will come and kill those tenants and give the vineyard to others. 10 Haven’t you read this passage of Scripture:

“‘The stone the builders rejected
    has become the cornerstone;(D)
11 the Lord has done this,
    and it is marvelous in our eyes’[a]?”(E)

12 Then the chief priests, the teachers of the law and the elders looked for a way to arrest him because they knew he had spoken the parable against them. But they were afraid of the crowd;(F) so they left him and went away.(G)

Paying the Imperial Tax to Caesar(H)

13 Later they sent some of the Pharisees and Herodians(I) to Jesus to catch him(J) in his words. 14 They came to him and said, “Teacher, we know that you are a man of integrity. You aren’t swayed by others, because you pay no attention to who they are; but you teach the way of God in accordance with the truth. Is it right to pay the imperial tax[b] to Caesar or not? 15 Should we pay or shouldn’t we?”

But Jesus knew their hypocrisy. “Why are you trying to trap me?” he asked. “Bring me a denarius and let me look at it.” 16 They brought the coin, and he asked them, “Whose image is this? And whose inscription?”

“Caesar’s,” they replied.

17 Then Jesus said to them, “Give back to Caesar what is Caesar’s and to God what is God’s.”(K)

And they were amazed at him.

Marriage at the Resurrection(L)

18 Then the Sadducees,(M) who say there is no resurrection,(N) came to him with a question. 19 “Teacher,” they said, “Moses wrote for us that if a man’s brother dies and leaves a wife but no children, the man must marry the widow and raise up offspring for his brother.(O) 20 Now there were seven brothers. The first one married and died without leaving any children. 21 The second one married the widow, but he also died, leaving no child. It was the same with the third. 22 In fact, none of the seven left any children. Last of all, the woman died too. 23 At the resurrection[c] whose wife will she be, since the seven were married to her?”

24 Jesus replied, “Are you not in error because you do not know the Scriptures(P) or the power of God? 25 When the dead rise, they will neither marry nor be given in marriage; they will be like the angels in heaven.(Q) 26 Now about the dead rising—have you not read in the Book of Moses, in the account of the burning bush, how God said to him, ‘I am the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob’[d]?(R) 27 He is not the God of the dead, but of the living. You are badly mistaken!”

The Greatest Commandment(S)

28 One of the teachers of the law(T) came and heard them debating. Noticing that Jesus had given them a good answer, he asked him, “Of all the commandments, which is the most important?”

29 “The most important one,” answered Jesus, “is this: ‘Hear, O Israel: The Lord our God, the Lord is one.[e] 30 Love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind and with all your strength.’[f](U) 31 The second is this: ‘Love your neighbor as yourself.’[g](V) There is no commandment greater than these.”

32 “Well said, teacher,” the man replied. “You are right in saying that God is one and there is no other but him.(W) 33 To love him with all your heart, with all your understanding and with all your strength, and to love your neighbor as yourself is more important than all burnt offerings and sacrifices.”(X)

34 When Jesus saw that he had answered wisely, he said to him, “You are not far from the kingdom of God.”(Y) And from then on no one dared ask him any more questions.(Z)

Whose Son Is the Messiah?(AA)(AB)

35 While Jesus was teaching in the temple courts,(AC) he asked, “Why do the teachers of the law say that the Messiah is the son of David?(AD) 36 David himself, speaking by the Holy Spirit,(AE) declared:

“‘The Lord said to my Lord:
    “Sit at my right hand
until I put your enemies
    under your feet.”’[h](AF)

37 David himself calls him ‘Lord.’ How then can he be his son?”

The large crowd(AG) listened to him with delight.

Warning Against the Teachers of the Law

38 As he taught, Jesus said, “Watch out for the teachers of the law. They like to walk around in flowing robes and be greeted with respect in the marketplaces, 39 and have the most important seats in the synagogues and the places of honor at banquets.(AH) 40 They devour widows’ houses and for a show make lengthy prayers. These men will be punished most severely.”

The Widow’s Offering(AI)

41 Jesus sat down opposite the place where the offerings were put(AJ) and watched the crowd putting their money into the temple treasury. Many rich people threw in large amounts. 42 But a poor widow came and put in two very small copper coins, worth only a few cents.

43 Calling his disciples to him, Jesus said, “Truly I tell you, this poor widow has put more into the treasury than all the others. 44 They all gave out of their wealth; but she, out of her poverty, put in everything—all she had to live on.”(AK)

Footnotes

  1. Mark 12:11 Psalm 118:22,23
  2. Mark 12:14 A special tax levied on subject peoples, not on Roman citizens
  3. Mark 12:23 Some manuscripts resurrection, when people rise from the dead,
  4. Mark 12:26 Exodus 3:6
  5. Mark 12:29 Or The Lord our God is one Lord
  6. Mark 12:30 Deut. 6:4,5
  7. Mark 12:31 Lev. 19:18
  8. Mark 12:36 Psalm 110:1

12 And Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach began to speak to them in meshalim (parables). A man, a Baal Bayit, planted a kerem (vineyard), and he put around [it] a fence and dug a pit for the yekev (winepress) and built a migdal (tower), and he leased it to koremim (vine keepers) and then the man went on a journey. [YESHAYAH 5:1-7]

And the Baal Bayit sent an eved to the tenants, the koremim, in the season [of katzir (harvest)] in order that from the koremim he might receive from the perot (fruit) of the kerem (vineyard).

But they seized the eved and they beat him and sent him away empty.

And again the Baal Bayit sent to the tenants, the koremim, another eved; and that one they struck on the rosh and insulted.

And the Baal Bayit sent another; and that one they killed, and many others, some beating, and others killing.

Still he had one BEN AHUV [T.N. see 9:7]. Lemaskana (finally), the Baal Bayit sent him to them saying, They will respect BENI.

But those koremim said to themselves, This one is the Yoresh (Heir) the Bechor. Come, let us kill him, and the nachalah, the bechorah, will be ours.

And having seized [him], they killed him and threw him out of the kerem.

What then will the Baal Bayit of the kerem do? He will come and destroy the koremim and will give the kerem to others.

10 Have you not read the Kitvei Hakodesh? EVEN MAASU HABONIM HAYTAH LEROSH PINAH; MEIET HASHEM HAYTAH ZOT, HI NIFLAT BEINEINU (The stone which the ones building rejected, this one has come to be for [the] chief cornerstone.

11 From Adonoi this came to be and it is wonderful in our eyes? [TEHILLIM 118:22,23]

12 And they were seeking to seize him, and they were afraid of the multitude, for they knew that against them he told the mashal. And leaving him, they went away.

13 And they send to him some of the Perushim (Pharisees) and the Herodians in order that they might catch him in a dvar.

14 And having come, they say to him: Rabbi, we have daas that you are an ish Emes and you do not show deference toward anyone. Ki ein masso panim (For there is no partiality) with you but rather on the Derech Hashem you give Divrei Torah in Emes. Is it mutar to give a poll tax to Caesar or not? Should we give or should we not give?

15 But Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach, having seen their tzeviut (hypocrisy), said to them, Why are you testing me? Bring me a denarius that I may look [at it].

16 And they brought [one]. And Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach says to them, Whose demut is this and whose inscription? And they said to him, Caesar’s.

17 And he said to them, The things of Caesar, give to Caesar, and the things of Hashem [give] to Hashem. And they were amazed at Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach.

18 And [the] Tzedukim come to Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach, the ones who say that there is not to be a Techiyas HaMesim, and they were questioning him, saying,

19 Rabbi, Moshe (Rabbeinu) wrote to us that if an ACH of someone should die and leave behind an isha UVEN EIN LO (and there is no son to him) YEVAMAH YAVO ALEIHA ULEKAKHAH LO LISHA VHAYAH HABECHOR ASHER TELED YAKUM AL SHEM ACHIV HAMET (the brother of her husband must come to her and he must take her to him as wife and the Bechor she bears shall raise up the name of the dead brother. DEVARIM 25:5)

20 Now there were shiva achim. And the first took a wife and, dying, did not leave a descendant.

21 And the second took her and he died, not having left behind a descendant. And the third likewise.

22 And the seven did not leave a descendant.

23 In the Techiyas HaMesim, when they are made to stand up alive, of which of them will she be [the] isha? For seven had her as wife.

24 Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach, said to them, Is not this the reason you are in error, having daas neither of the Kitvei Hakodesh nor of the gevurat Hashem?

25 But concerning the Mesim that are made to stand up alive, they do not marry nor are they given in nisuim, but are like the malachim in Shomayim.

26 But concerning the Mesim, that they are made to stand up alive, have you not read in the sefer Moshe at the bush, how Hashem spoke to him, saying, ANOCHI ELOHEI AVRAHAM ELOHEI YITZCHAK VELOHEI YAAKOV, SHEMOT 3:6)

27 Hashem is not the G-d of the Mesim (Dead ones) but of the Chayyim (Living ones). You are greatly mistaken.

28 And one of the Sofrim approached and heard them debating, and seeing that Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach answered them well, asked him, Which mitzvah is rishonah of all the mitzvot?

29 Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach answered, SHEMA YISROEL ADONOI ELOHEINU ADONOI ECHAD is harishonah.

30 VAHAVTA ES ADONOI ELOHECHA BKHOL LVAVCHA UVECHOL NAFSHECHA UVECHOL MODECHA. [DEVARIM 6:4,5]

31 And the shneyah is this, VAHAVTA LREACHA KAMOCHA [VAYIKRA 19:18]. There is not another mitzvah greater than these.

32 And the Baal Torah said to him, Well spoken, Rabbi, beemes you have said that Hashem is ECHAD (one, DEVARIM 6:4), and EIN OD and there is no other [YESHAYAH 45:18] except him. [DEVARIM 4:35,39; YESHAYAH 45:6,14; 46:9]

33 and to have ahavah for him BECHOL LVAVCHA (with all your heart) and with all your binah UVECHOL MODECHA (with all your strength DEVARIM 6:5) and LREACHA KAMOCHA (your neighbor as yourself, VAYIKRA 19:18) is greater [than] all of the burnt offerings and sacrifices. [SHMUEL ALEF 15:22; HOSHEA 6:6; MICHOH 6:6 8]

34 And Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach, when he saw that this Torah teacher answered with chochmah (wisdom), said to him, You are not far from the Malchut Hashem. And no one was daring to put a she’elah (question) in front of Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach again.

35 While Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach was saying shiurim (Torah talks) in the Beis Hamikdash, he was saying: How is it that the Sofrim say that Moshiach is [merely] ben Dovid?

36 Dovid himself said by the Ruach Hakodesh, NEUM HASHEM LADONI: SHEV LIMINI, AD ASHIT OYVECHA HADOM LRAGLECHA [SHMUEL BAIS 23:2; TEHILLIM 110:1]

37 Dovid himself calls Moshiach Adon; how then is Moshiach [merely] ben Dovid? And the large multitude found it a huge oneg (pleasure) to listen to him.

38 And in his torah, Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach was saying, Beware of the Sofrim (Scribes, Torah teachers, rabbonim), the ones enamored of strutting about in extremely long kaftans and with equally lengthy Birkat Shalom greetings in the marketplaces,

39 And places of honor in the shuls and places of honor at the seudot (banquet dinners).

40 Beware particularly of the ones devouring the batim (houses) of the almanot (widows) and making a grand show of davening long tefillos. Mishpat (Judgment) will fall more heavily on these.

41 And having sat [down] opposite the Beis Hamikdash Otzar (Treasury), Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach was observing how the multitude throws copper [coins] into the Otzar. And many ashirim (rich people) were throwing [in] much. [MELACHIM BAIS 12:9]

42 And a poor almanah (widow) came and threw [in] two leptas, which is a kodrantes.

43 And having summoned his talmidim, Rebbe, Melech HaMoshiach said to them: Omein, I say to you that this poor almanah has put in more tzedakah (charity contribution) than all those contributing to the Otzar,

44 For everyone threw in from their abundance, but this almanah from her need has put in everything she had, all her michyah (subsistence).

Parabole des vignerons

12 Jésus se mit ensuite à leur parler en paraboles.

Un homme planta une vigne. Il l’entoura d’une haie, creusa un pressoir, et bâtit une tour[a]; puis il l’afferma à des vignerons, et quitta le pays. Au temps de la récolte, il envoya un serviteur vers les vignerons, pour recevoir d’eux une part du produit de la vigne. S’étant saisis de lui, ils le battirent, et le renvoyèrent à vide. Il envoya de nouveau vers eux un autre serviteur; ils le frappèrent à la tête, et l’outragèrent. Il en envoya un troisième, qu’ils tuèrent; puis plusieurs autres, qu’ils battirent ou tuèrent. Il avait encore un fils bien-aimé; il l’envoya vers eux le dernier, en disant: Ils auront du respect pour mon fils. Mais ces vignerons dirent entre eux: Voici l’héritier; venez, tuons-le, et l’héritage sera à nous. Et ils se saisirent de lui, le tuèrent, et le jetèrent hors de la vigne. Maintenant, que fera le maître de la vigne? Il viendra, fera périr les vignerons, et il donnera la vigne à d’autres.

10 N’avez-vous pas lu cette parole de l’Ecriture:

La pierre qu’ont rejetée ceux qui bâtissaient
Est devenue la principale de l’angle;
11 C’est par la volonté du Seigneur qu’elle l’est devenue,
Et c’est un prodige à nos yeux[b]?

12 Ils cherchaient à se saisir de lui, mais ils craignaient la foule. Ils avaient compris que c’était pour eux que Jésus avait dit cette parabole. Et ils le quittèrent, et s’en allèrent.

Le tribut à César

13 Ils envoyèrent auprès de Jésus quelques-uns des pharisiens et des hérodiens, afin de le surprendre par ses propres paroles. 14 Et ils vinrent lui dire: Maître, nous savons que tu es vrai, et que tu ne t’inquiètes de personne; car tu ne regardes pas à l’apparence des hommes, et tu enseignes la voie de Dieu selon la vérité. Est-il permis, ou non, de payer le tribut à César? Devons-nous payer, ou ne pas payer? 15 Jésus, connaissant leur hypocrisie, leur répondit: Pourquoi me tentez-vous? Apportez-moi un denier, afin que je le voie. 16 Ils en apportèrent un; et Jésus leur demanda: De qui porte-t-il l’effigie et l’inscription? De César, lui répondirent-ils. 17 Alors il leur dit: Rendez à César ce qui est à César, et à Dieu ce qui est à Dieu. Et ils furent à son égard dans l’étonnement.

Les preuves de la résurrection

18 Les sadducéens, qui disent qu’il n’y a point de résurrection, vinrent auprès de Jésus, et lui posèrent cette question: 19 Maître, voici ce que Moïse nous a prescrit: Si le frère de quelqu’un meurt, et laisse une femme, sans avoir d’enfants, son frère épousera sa veuve, et suscitera une postérité à son frère[c]. 20 Or, il y avait sept frères. Le premier se maria, et mourut sans laisser de postérité. 21 Le second prit la veuve pour femme, et mourut sans laisser de postérité. Il en fut de même du troisième, 22 et aucun des sept ne laissa de postérité. Après eux tous, la femme mourut aussi. 23 A la résurrection, duquel d’entre eux sera-t-elle la femme? Car les sept l’ont eue pour femme. 24 Jésus leur répondit: N’êtes-vous pas dans l’erreur, parce que vous ne comprenez ni les Ecritures, ni la puissance de Dieu? 25 Car, à la résurrection des morts, les hommes ne prendront point de femmes, ni les femmes de maris, mais ils seront comme les anges dans les cieux. 26 Pour ce qui est de la résurrection des morts, n’avez-vous pas lu, dans le livre de Moïse, ce que Dieu lui dit, à propos du buisson: Je suis le Dieu d’Abraham, le Dieu d’Isaac, et le Dieu de Jacob[d]? 27 Dieu n’est pas Dieu des morts, mais des vivants. Vous êtes grandement dans l’erreur.

Le plus grand commandement

28 Un des scribes, qui les avait entendus discuter, sachant que Jésus avait bien répondu aux sadducéens, s’approcha, et lui demanda: Quel est le premier de tous les commandements? 29 Jésus répondit: Voici le premier: Ecoute, Israël, le Seigneur, notre Dieu, est l’unique Seigneur[e]; 30 et: Tu aimeras le Seigneur, ton Dieu, de tout ton cœur, de toute ton âme, de toute ta pensée, et de toute ta force[f]. 31 Voici le second: Tu aimeras ton prochain comme toi-même[g]. Il n’y a pas d’autre commandement plus grand que ceux-là. 32 Le scribe lui dit: Bien, maître; tu as dit avec vérité que Dieu est unique, et qu’il n’y en a point d’autre que lui, 33 et que l’aimer de tout son cœur, de toute sa pensée, de toute son âme et de toute sa force, et aimer son prochain comme soi-même, c’est plus que tous les holocaustes et tous les sacrifices. 34 Jésus, voyant qu’il avait répondu avec intelligence, lui dit: Tu n’es pas loin du royaume de Dieu. Et personne n’osa plus lui proposer des questions.

Jésus interroge les pharisiens

35 Jésus, continuant à enseigner dans le temple, dit: Comment les scribes disent-ils que le Christ est fils de David? 36 David lui-même, animé par l’Esprit-Saint, a dit:

Le Seigneur a dit à mon Seigneur:
Assieds-toi à ma droite,
Jusqu’à ce que je fasse de tes ennemis ton marchepied[h].

37 David lui-même l’appelle Seigneur; comment donc est-il son fils? Et une grande foule l’écoutait avec plaisir.

38 Il leur disait dans son enseignement: Gardez-vous des scribes, qui aiment à se promener en robes longues, et à être salués dans les places publiques; 39 qui recherchent les premiers sièges dans les synagogues, et les premières places dans les festins; 40 qui dévorent les maisons des veuves, et qui font pour l’apparence de longues prières. Ils seront jugés plus sévèrement.

L’offrande de la veuve

41 Jésus, s’étant assis vis-à-vis du tronc, regardait comment la foule y mettait de l’argent. Plusieurs riches mettaient beaucoup. 42 Il vint aussi une pauvre veuve, et elle y mit deux petites pièces[i], faisant un quart de sou[j]. 43 Alors Jésus, ayant appelé ses disciples, leur dit: Je vous le dis en vérité, cette pauvre veuve a donné plus qu’aucun de ceux qui ont mis dans le tronc; 44 car tous ont mis de leur superflu, mais elle a mis de son nécessaire, tout ce qu’elle possédait, tout ce qu’elle avait pour vivre.

Footnotes

  1. Marc 12:1 Tour, voir note sous Mt 21:33
  2. Marc 12:11 + Ps 118:22-23
  3. Marc 12:19 cp. De 25:5-6
  4. Marc 12:26 + Ex 3:6
  5. Marc 12:29 + De 6:4
  6. Marc 12:30 + De 6:5
  7. Marc 12:31 + Lé 19:18
  8. Marc 12:36 + Ps 110:1
  9. Marc 12:42 Pièce, gr. lepton, la plus petite pièce de monnaie; v. le tableau des Monnaies
  10. Marc 12:42 Quart de sou, ou quadrant: v. le tableau des Monnaies