葡萄園主的比喻

12 耶穌開始用比喻對他們說:「有一個人栽種了一個葡萄園,四面圍上籬笆,挖了一個榨酒池,蓋了一座守望樓,然後把葡萄園租給一些農夫,就出外旅行。 到了收穫的[a]季節,他就派了一個奴僕到那些農夫那裡去,好從他們收取葡萄園的果子。 但他們抓住那奴僕,打了他,叫他空手回去。 園主又派另一個奴僕到他們那裡去。那些農夫[b]打傷了他的頭,並且侮辱他[c] 園主再派另一個去,他們把他殺了。另派了許多去,有的被打,有的被殺。

「那園主還有一位——是他的愛子。最後他差派兒子到他們那裡,說:『他們一定會尊重我的兒子。』

「可是那些農夫彼此說:『這是繼承人。來,我們把他殺了,那繼業就歸我們了。』 於是他們抓住他,把他殺了,並扔出葡萄園外。

「那麼,葡萄園的主人會做什麼呢?他會來除滅那些農夫,把葡萄園交給別人。 10 你們難道也沒有讀過這段經文嗎?

『工匠所棄絕的石頭,
它已經成了房角的頭塊石頭;
11 這是主所成就的,
在我們眼中實在奇妙!』[d]

12 祭司長們、律法師們和長老們知道這比喻是針對他們而說的,就想拘捕耶穌。可是他們怕民眾,於是離開耶穌走了。

神與凱撒

13 後來,他們派了一些法利賽人和希律黨的人到耶穌那裡,要找話柄來陷害他。 14 那些人來對耶穌說:「老師,我們知道你是真誠的。你不顧忌任何人,因為你不看人的情面,而是按真理教導神的道[e]。請問,向凱撒納稅,可以不可以呢?我們該交還是不該交呢?」

15 耶穌看出他們的假意,就對他們說:「你們為什麼試探我呢?拿一個銀幣[f]來給我看。」 16 他們就拿來了。耶穌問他們:「這是誰的像和名號?」

他們回答說:「是凱撒的。」

17 耶穌對他們說:「凱撒的歸給凱撒;神的歸給神。」這使他們感到驚奇。

撒都該人與復活

18 接著,撒都該人來到耶穌那裡,他們一向說沒有復活的事。他們問耶穌,說: 19 「老師,摩西為我們寫道:如果一個人的兄弟死了,撇下妻子而沒有留下孩子,他就應該娶這婦人,為兄弟留後裔。[g] 20 曾經有兄弟七人,第一個娶了妻子,死去了,沒有留下後裔。 21 第二個娶了這寡婦,也死了,沒有留下後裔。第三個也一樣。 22 結果,兄弟七個都[h]沒有留下後裔。到了最後,這婦人也死了。 23 既然這七個人都娶過她為妻,在復活的時候,當他們復活了[i],她將是誰的妻子呢?」

24 耶穌說:「你們之所以錯了,不就是因為你們不明白經上的話,也不明白神的大能嗎? 25 當人從死人中復活以後,他們既不娶也不嫁,而是像諸天之上的天使一樣。 26 關於死人復活的事,你們難道沒有讀過摩西書『荊棘篇』上,神怎樣對摩西說的嗎?神說『我是亞伯拉罕的神、以撒的神、雅各的神。』[j] 27 神不是死人的神,而是活人的神[k]。你們完全錯了!」

最重要的誡命

28 有一個經文士前來,聽見他們辯論,見耶穌回答得好,就問耶穌:「所有的誡命中,哪一條是最重要的呢?」

29 耶穌回答:[l]最重要的是:

以色列啊,你當聽好!主——我們的神,是獨一的主。[m] 30 你要以全心、全靈、全意、全力愛主——你的神。[n][o]

31 「其次就是『要愛鄰如己。』[p]沒有別的誡命比這兩條更大的了。」

32 那經文士就對耶穌說:「不錯,老師,你真的講了:神只有一位,除他以外沒有別的神。 33 以全心、全智、[q]全力來愛神,並且要愛鄰如己,這是比所有的燔祭和各種祭祀都重要的。」

34 耶穌見他回答得有智慧,就對他說:「你離神的國不遠了。」於是,沒有人敢再質問耶穌了。

有關基督的問題

35 耶穌在聖殿裡教導人的時候問:「經文士們怎麼說基督是大衛的後裔呢? 36 大衛藉著聖靈,自己說過:

『主對我主說:
你坐在我的右邊,
等我把你的敵人放在你的腳下[r]。』[s]

37 大衛自己稱基督為『主』,基督又怎麼會是大衛的後裔呢?」那一大群人都樂意聽耶穌講說。

要防備經文士

38 耶穌在他的教導中說:「你們要當心經文士們。他們喜歡穿著長袍走來走去,喜歡街市上的致敬問候, 39 又喜歡會堂裡的首位、宴席中的上座。 40 他們侵吞寡婦的家產,又假意做很長的禱告。這些人將受到更重的懲罰[t]。」

寡婦的奉獻

41 耶穌面對奉獻箱坐著,看眾人怎樣把錢投入奉獻箱裡。許多富有的人投進了很多錢。 42 有一個窮寡婦來,投進兩個小錢[u],值一個銅幣[v] 43 耶穌把他的門徒們召來,對他們說:「我確實地告訴你們:這窮寡婦所投入奉獻箱的,比所有的人投的更多。 44 因為大家是從自己的富餘中拿出來投進去;而這寡婦是從自己的缺乏中,把她所擁有的一切,就是她全部的養生費用都投進去了。」

Footnotes

  1. 馬可福音 12:2 收穫的——輔助詞語。
  2. 馬可福音 12:4 有古抄本附「用石頭砸他,」。
  3. 馬可福音 12:4 有古抄本附「把他趕了回去」。
  4. 馬可福音 12:11 《詩篇》118:22-23。
  5. 馬可福音 12:14 道——或譯作「路」。
  6. 馬可福音 12:15 銀幣——原文為「得拿利」。1得拿利=約1日工資的羅馬銀幣。
  7. 馬可福音 12:19 《申命記》25:5。
  8. 馬可福音 12:22 有古抄本附「娶過她,而」。
  9. 馬可福音 12:23 有古抄本沒有「當他們復活以後」。
  10. 馬可福音 12:26 《出埃及記》3:6,15-16。
  11. 馬可福音 12:27 有古抄本沒有「神」。
  12. 馬可福音 12:29 有古抄本附「所有誡命中」。
  13. 馬可福音 12:29 《申命記》6:4。
  14. 馬可福音 12:30 《申命記》6:5;《約書亞記》22:5。
  15. 馬可福音 12:30 有古抄本附「這是最重要的誡命。」
  16. 馬可福音 12:31 《利未記》19:18。
  17. 馬可福音 12:33 有古抄本附「全靈、」。
  18. 馬可福音 12:36 有古抄本附「做腳凳」。
  19. 馬可福音 12:36 《詩篇》110:1。
  20. 馬可福音 12:40 懲罰——或譯作「審判」。
  21. 馬可福音 12:42 兩個小錢——原文為「2雷普頓」。1雷普頓=約1/128日工資的希臘小銅幣。
  22. 馬可福音 12:42 銅幣——原文為「柯錐特」。1柯錐特=約1/64日工資的羅馬銅幣。

The Parable of the Tenants(A)

12 Jesus then began to speak to them in parables: “A man planted a vineyard.(B) He put a wall around it, dug a pit for the winepress and built a watchtower. Then he rented the vineyard to some farmers and moved to another place. At harvest time he sent a servant to the tenants to collect from them some of the fruit of the vineyard. But they seized him, beat him and sent him away empty-handed. Then he sent another servant to them; they struck this man on the head and treated him shamefully. He sent still another, and that one they killed. He sent many others; some of them they beat, others they killed.

“He had one left to send, a son, whom he loved. He sent him last of all,(C) saying, ‘They will respect my son.’

“But the tenants said to one another, ‘This is the heir. Come, let’s kill him, and the inheritance will be ours.’ So they took him and killed him, and threw him out of the vineyard.

“What then will the owner of the vineyard do? He will come and kill those tenants and give the vineyard to others. 10 Haven’t you read this passage of Scripture:

“‘The stone the builders rejected
    has become the cornerstone;(D)
11 the Lord has done this,
    and it is marvelous in our eyes’[a]?”(E)

12 Then the chief priests, the teachers of the law and the elders looked for a way to arrest him because they knew he had spoken the parable against them. But they were afraid of the crowd;(F) so they left him and went away.(G)

Paying the Imperial Tax to Caesar(H)

13 Later they sent some of the Pharisees and Herodians(I) to Jesus to catch him(J) in his words. 14 They came to him and said, “Teacher, we know that you are a man of integrity. You aren’t swayed by others, because you pay no attention to who they are; but you teach the way of God in accordance with the truth. Is it right to pay the imperial tax[b] to Caesar or not? 15 Should we pay or shouldn’t we?”

But Jesus knew their hypocrisy. “Why are you trying to trap me?” he asked. “Bring me a denarius and let me look at it.” 16 They brought the coin, and he asked them, “Whose image is this? And whose inscription?”

“Caesar’s,” they replied.

17 Then Jesus said to them, “Give back to Caesar what is Caesar’s and to God what is God’s.”(K)

And they were amazed at him.

Marriage at the Resurrection(L)

18 Then the Sadducees,(M) who say there is no resurrection,(N) came to him with a question. 19 “Teacher,” they said, “Moses wrote for us that if a man’s brother dies and leaves a wife but no children, the man must marry the widow and raise up offspring for his brother.(O) 20 Now there were seven brothers. The first one married and died without leaving any children. 21 The second one married the widow, but he also died, leaving no child. It was the same with the third. 22 In fact, none of the seven left any children. Last of all, the woman died too. 23 At the resurrection[c] whose wife will she be, since the seven were married to her?”

24 Jesus replied, “Are you not in error because you do not know the Scriptures(P) or the power of God? 25 When the dead rise, they will neither marry nor be given in marriage; they will be like the angels in heaven.(Q) 26 Now about the dead rising—have you not read in the Book of Moses, in the account of the burning bush, how God said to him, ‘I am the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob’[d]?(R) 27 He is not the God of the dead, but of the living. You are badly mistaken!”

The Greatest Commandment(S)

28 One of the teachers of the law(T) came and heard them debating. Noticing that Jesus had given them a good answer, he asked him, “Of all the commandments, which is the most important?”

29 “The most important one,” answered Jesus, “is this: ‘Hear, O Israel: The Lord our God, the Lord is one.[e] 30 Love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind and with all your strength.’[f](U) 31 The second is this: ‘Love your neighbor as yourself.’[g](V) There is no commandment greater than these.”

32 “Well said, teacher,” the man replied. “You are right in saying that God is one and there is no other but him.(W) 33 To love him with all your heart, with all your understanding and with all your strength, and to love your neighbor as yourself is more important than all burnt offerings and sacrifices.”(X)

34 When Jesus saw that he had answered wisely, he said to him, “You are not far from the kingdom of God.”(Y) And from then on no one dared ask him any more questions.(Z)

Whose Son Is the Messiah?(AA)(AB)

35 While Jesus was teaching in the temple courts,(AC) he asked, “Why do the teachers of the law say that the Messiah is the son of David?(AD) 36 David himself, speaking by the Holy Spirit,(AE) declared:

“‘The Lord said to my Lord:
    “Sit at my right hand
until I put your enemies
    under your feet.”’[h](AF)

37 David himself calls him ‘Lord.’ How then can he be his son?”

The large crowd(AG) listened to him with delight.

Warning Against the Teachers of the Law

38 As he taught, Jesus said, “Watch out for the teachers of the law. They like to walk around in flowing robes and be greeted with respect in the marketplaces, 39 and have the most important seats in the synagogues and the places of honor at banquets.(AH) 40 They devour widows’ houses and for a show make lengthy prayers. These men will be punished most severely.”

The Widow’s Offering(AI)

41 Jesus sat down opposite the place where the offerings were put(AJ) and watched the crowd putting their money into the temple treasury. Many rich people threw in large amounts. 42 But a poor widow came and put in two very small copper coins, worth only a few cents.

43 Calling his disciples to him, Jesus said, “Truly I tell you, this poor widow has put more into the treasury than all the others. 44 They all gave out of their wealth; but she, out of her poverty, put in everything—all she had to live on.”(AK)

Footnotes

  1. Mark 12:11 Psalm 118:22,23
  2. Mark 12:14 A special tax levied on subject peoples, not on Roman citizens
  3. Mark 12:23 Some manuscripts resurrection, when people rise from the dead,
  4. Mark 12:26 Exodus 3:6
  5. Mark 12:29 Or The Lord our God is one Lord
  6. Mark 12:30 Deut. 6:4,5
  7. Mark 12:31 Lev. 19:18
  8. Mark 12:36 Psalm 110:1

Parable of the Vine-Growers

12 (A)And He began to speak to them in parables: (B)A man (C)planted a vineyard and put a [a]wall around it, and dug a vat under the wine press and built a tower, and rented it out to [b]vine-growers and went on a journey. And at the harvest time he sent a slave to the vine-growers, in order to receive some of the fruit of the vineyard from the vine-growers. And they took him, and beat him and sent him away empty-handed. And again he sent them another slave, and they wounded him in the head, and treated him shamefully. And he sent another, and that one they killed; and so with many others, beating some and killing others. He had one more, a beloved son; he sent him last of all to them, saying, ‘They will respect my son.’ But those vine-growers said to one another, ‘This is the heir; come, let us kill him, and the inheritance will be ours!’ And they took him, and killed him and threw him out of the vineyard. What will the [c]owner of the vineyard do? He will come and destroy the vine-growers, and will give the vineyard to others. 10 Have you not even read this Scripture:

(D)The stone which the builders rejected,
This has become the chief corner stone;
11 (E)This came about from the [d]Lord,
And it is marvelous in our eyes’?”

12 (F)And they were seeking to seize Him, and yet they feared the crowd, for they understood that He spoke the parable against them. And so (G)they left Him and went away.

Taxes to Caesar

13 (H)Then they *sent some of the Pharisees and (I)Herodians to Him in order to (J)trap Him in a statement. 14 And they *came and *said to Him, “Teacher, we know that You are truthful and [e]defer to no one; for You are not partial to any, but teach the way of God in truth. Is it [f]lawful to pay a tax to Caesar, or not? 15 Shall we pay or shall we not pay?” But He, knowing their hypocrisy, said to them, “Why are you testing Me? Bring Me a [g]denarius to look at.” 16 And they brought one. And He *said to them, “Whose likeness and inscription is this?” And they said to Him, “Caesar’s.” 17 And Jesus said to them, (K)Render to Caesar the things that are Caesar’s, and to God the things that are God’s.” And they [h]were amazed at Him.

The Sadducees and the Resurrection

18 (L)Then some Sadducees (who say that there is no resurrection) *came to Jesus, and began questioning Him, saying, 19 “Teacher, Moses wrote for us that (M)if a mans brother dies and leaves behind a wife and leaves no child, his brother should [i]marry the wife and raise up a seed for his brother. 20 There were seven brothers; and the first [j]married a wife, and died leaving no [k]seed. 21 And the second one [l]married her, and died leaving behind no seed; and the third likewise; 22 and so [m]all seven left no seed. Last of all the woman died also. 23 In the resurrection, [n]when they rise again, whose wife will she be? For [o]all seven [p]had married her.” 24 Jesus said to them, “Is this not the reason you are mistaken, that you do not [q]understand the Scriptures nor the power of God? 25 For when they rise from the dead, they neither marry nor are given in marriage, but are like angels in heaven. 26 But [r]regarding the fact that the dead are raised, have you not read in the book of Moses, (N)in the passage about the burning bush, how God spoke to him, saying, ‘(O)I am the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob’? 27 (P)He is not the God of the dead, but of the living; you are greatly mistaken.”

The Foremost Commandment

28 (Q)And when one of the scribes came and heard them arguing, he (R)recognized that He had answered them well and asked Him, “What commandment is the [s]foremost of all?” 29 Jesus answered, “The foremost is, ‘(S)Hear, O Israel! The [t]Lord our God is one [u]Lord; 30 (T)and you shall love the [v]Lord your God with all your heart, and with all your soul, and with all your mind, and with all your strength.’ 31 The second is this, ‘(U)You shall love your neighbor as yourself.’ There is no other commandment greater than these.” 32 And the scribe said to Him, “Right, Teacher; You have truly stated that (V)He is One, and there is no one else besides Him; 33 (W)and to love Him with all the heart and with all the understanding and with all the strength, and to love ones neighbor as himself, (X)is much more than all burnt offerings and sacrifices.” 34 And when Jesus saw that he had answered thoughtfully, He said to him, “You are not far from the kingdom of God.” (Y)After that, no one would dare to ask Him any more questions.

35 (Z)And Jesus began to say, as He (AA)taught in the temple, “How is it that the scribes say that the [w]Christ is the (AB)son of David? 36 David himself said [x]in the Holy Spirit,

(AC)The [y]Lord said to my Lord,
Sit at My right hand,
Until I put Your enemies beneath Your feet.”’

37 David himself calls Him ‘Lord’; so in what sense is He his son?” And (AD)the large crowd [z]enjoyed listening to Him.

38 (AE)And in His teaching He was saying: “Beware of the scribes who want to walk around in long robes, and want (AF)respectful greetings in the marketplaces, 39 and best seats in the synagogues and places of honor at banquets, 40 (AG)who devour widows’ houses, and for appearance’s sake offer long prayers; these will receive greater condemnation.”

The Widow’s Offering

41 (AH)And He sat down opposite (AI)the treasury, and began observing how the crowd was (AJ)putting [aa]money into the treasury; and many rich people were putting in large sums. 42 And a poor widow came and put in two [ab]lepta, which amount to a [ac]quadrans. 43 And calling His disciples to Him, He said to them, “Truly I say to you, this poor widow put in more than all those putting money into the treasury; 44 for they all put in out of their [ad]surplus, but she, out of her poverty, put in all she owned, [ae]all she had (AK)to live on.”

Footnotes

  1. Mark 12:1 Or fence
  2. Mark 12:1 Or tenant farmers, so in vv 2, 7, 9
  3. Mark 12:9 Lit lord
  4. Mark 12:11 In OT, Yahweh, cf. Ps 118:23
  5. Mark 12:14 You do not seek anyone’s favor; lit it is not a concern to You about anyone
  6. Mark 12:14 Or permissible
  7. Mark 12:15 A Roman silver coin, approx. a laborer’s daily wage
  8. Mark 12:17 Or were greatly marveling
  9. Mark 12:19 Lit take
  10. Mark 12:20 Lit took
  11. Mark 12:20 Or offspring
  12. Mark 12:21 Lit took
  13. Mark 12:22 Lit the seven
  14. Mark 12:23 Early mss omit when they rise again
  15. Mark 12:23 Lit the seven
  16. Mark 12:23 Lit had her as a wife
  17. Mark 12:24 Or know
  18. Mark 12:26 Lit concerning the dead, that they rise
  19. Mark 12:28 Or first
  20. Mark 12:29 In OT, Yahweh, cf. Deut 6:4
  21. Mark 12:29 In OT, Yahweh, cf. Deut 6:4
  22. Mark 12:30 In OT, Yahweh, cf. Deut 6:5
  23. Mark 12:35 Messiah
  24. Mark 12:36 Or by
  25. Mark 12:36 In OT, Yahweh, cf. Ps 110:1
  26. Mark 12:37 Lit was gladly hearing Him
  27. Mark 12:41 Copper coins
  28. Mark 12:42 Smallest Greek copper coin, approx. 1/128 of a laborer’s daily wage
  29. Mark 12:42 A Roman copper coin, approx. 1/64 of a laborer’s daily wage
  30. Mark 12:44 Or abundance
  31. Mark 12:44 Lit her whole livelihood