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與世俗為友就是與 神為敵

你們中間的爭執和打鬥是從哪裡來的呢?不是從你們肢體中好鬥的私慾來的嗎? 你們放縱貪慾,如果得不到,就殺人;你們嫉妒,如果一無所得,就打鬥爭執。你們得不到,因為你們不求; 你們求也得不到,因為你們的動機不良,要把所得的耗費在你們的私慾上。 淫亂的人哪,你們不知道與世俗為友,就是與 神為敵嗎?所以與世俗為友的,就成了 神的仇敵。 聖經說:“ 神愛他那安置在我們裡面的靈,愛到嫉妒的地步”(或譯:“ 神安置在我們裡面的靈,愛到嫉妒的地步”),你們想這話是徒然的嗎? 但 神所賜的恩更大;所以聖經上說:

“ 神抵擋驕傲的人,

賜恩給謙卑的人。”

你們應當順服 神,抵擋魔鬼,魔鬼就逃避你們。 你們應當親近 神, 神就親近你們。罪人啊,要潔淨你們的手;三心兩意的人哪,要清潔你們的心。 你們要愁苦、悲哀、哭泣,把歡笑變為傷痛,把快樂變為憂愁。 10 你們務要在主面前謙卑,他就使你們高升。

不可彼此批評

11 弟兄們,不要互相毀謗;人若毀謗弟兄,或判斷弟兄,就是毀謗律法、判斷律法了。如果你判斷律法,就不是實行律法的人,而是審判官了。 12 立法的,審判的,只有一位,就是那能拯救人,也能毀滅人的 神;你這判斷鄰舍的,你是誰呢?

不可自誇自恃

13 你們說:“今天或明天,我們要到某城去,在那裡住一年,作生意賺錢。” 14 其實明天怎樣,你們並不知道。你們的生命是甚麼呢?你們本來是過眼雲煙,轉瞬之間就消逝了。 15 你們倒不如說:“主若願意,我們就可以活著,作這事或作那事。” 16 但現在你們竟然張狂自誇;這一切自誇,都是邪惡的。 17 人若知道該行善事,卻不去行,這就是他的罪了。

Lev nära Gud

Vad är det som orsakar gräl och strider ibland er? Är det inte de själviska begär som vill ta makten över er kropp? Ni vill ha, men ni får ingenting. Ni dödar och är avundsjuka, men får inte vad ni vill ha. Ni grälar och strider men blir ändå inte tillfredsställda, eftersom ni inte ber. Och när ni ber, får ni ändå inget, eftersom ni har felaktiga motiv. Ni är bara ute efter att tillfredsställa era egna begär.

Ni trolösa, förstår ni inte att vänskap med världen innebär fiendskap med Gud? Den som vill vara vän med världen blir fiende till Gud. Tror ni att det är utan grund som det står i Skriften: ”Svartsjukt vakar han över anden som han har låtit bo i oss?”[a] Men han ger oss en större nåd. Därför heter det:

”Gud står emot de stolta,
    men de ödmjuka visar han nåd.”[b]

Underordna er alltså Gud. Stå emot djävulen, så ska han fly ifrån er. Håll er nära Gud, så ska han hålla sig nära er. Rengör era händer, ni syndare. Rena era hjärtan, ni kluvna. Klaga, sörj och gråt. Vänd ert skratt i tårar och er glädje i sorg. 10 Ödmjuka er inför Herren, så ska han upphöja er.

Varning för att döma andra

11 Tala inte illa om varandra, syskon, för den som talar illa om andra och dömer dem, han talar illa om lagen och dömer ut den.[c] Men om du dömer lagen håller du den inte utan gör dig till domare över den. 12 Det finns bara en lagstiftare och domare, han som ensam har makt att rädda eller förinta. Men vilken rätt har du att döma andra?

Varning för falsk säkerhet

13 Ni som säger: ”Idag eller i morgon ska vi åka till den eller den staden, stanna där ett år och göra goda affärer”, 14 ni kan ju inte veta vad som ska hända i morgon, eller hur ert liv ska bli. Ni är en dimma som i ena stunden syns och nästa stund är borta.[d] 15 Ni borde i stället säga: ”Om Herren vill och vi får leva, ska vi göra det eller det.” 16 Men nu skryter ni med era egna planer, och allt sådant skryt är ont.

17 Den som vet om det goda han borde göra men inte gör det, han syndar.

Footnotes

  1. 4:5 Citatet är inte ordagrant. 5 Mos 4:24.
  2. 4:6 Se Ords 3:34.
  3. 4:11 Jfr 3 Mos 19:16.
  4. 4:14 Jfr Ps 144:4.

From where do milchamot (wars) come? What is their goirem (driving force)? And from where come fights among you? Is it not from here, from the ta’avot (lusts) of you warring in your evarim (members)?

You lust for something and you do not have it; you kill and you envy and you are not able to obtain. You get involved in machalokot (divisions of dissensions) and fights. You do not have because you fail to daven with your request.

Or you make techinot (petitions) and you do not receive, because you ask wrongly, that on your ta’avot (lusts) you may spend what you receive. [TEHILLIM 18:41; 66:18]

No’efot (adulterers)! Do you not have da’as that to have shaichus (closeness, friendship, intimacy) with the Olam Hazeh is eyvah im Hashem (enmity with G-d)? Therefore, whoever chooses to make the Olam Hazeh his Oihev is made an Oyev (Enemy) of Hashem. [YESHAYAH 54:4; YIRMEYAH 3:20; HOSHEA 2:2-5; 3:1; 9:1]

Or do you think that in vain the Kitvei Hakodesh attests that Hashem yearns jealously over the Ruach Hakodesh He causes to dwell in us?

But He gives all the more Chen v’Chesed! Therefore it says, "Hashem LALETZIM HU YALITZ V’LA’ANAYIM YITEN CHEN ("Hashem opposes the proud mocker but gives grace to the humble" [MISHLE 3:34]).

Submit yourselves in mishma’at (obedience) to Hashem. Resist Hasatan, and he will flee from you.

Draw near to Hashem and Hashem will draw near to you. Cleanse your yadayim (hands), you chote’im (sinners)! And purify your levavot, you anashim of double mind! [TEHILLIM 73:28; ZECHARYAH 1:3; MALACHI 3:7; YESHAYAH 1:16; TEHILLIM 24:4; 119:113; YIRMEYAH 4:14]

Lament and mourn and weep. Let the tzechok (laughter) of you be changed to avelut (mourning), and the simcha of you be turned to tugah (sadness).

10 Be humbled before Hashem and He will exalt you. [IYOV 5:11]

11 Do not speak lashon hora against an Ach b’Moshiach. The one speaking against an Ach b’Moshiach or setting himself up as a shofet (judge) of his Ach b’Moshiach speaks against the Torah and sets himself up as shofet of the Torah. Now if the Torah you judge, you are not Shomrei HaTorah but a shofet.

12 One is the Mekhokek (Law-Giver) and HaShofet (The Judge), the One who is able to save and to destroy. But who are you, the one who has set yourself up as the shofet of your re’a (neighbor)?

13 Come now, you who say, "Hayom (today) or makhar (tomorrow) we will go into this or that city and we will do business there a year and will sell and make a revach (profit)."

14 Yet you do not even have da’as of what tomorrow’s "yom" may bring. Look at your life! Are you not an ed (mist), appearing a short time, then indeed disappearing? [IYOV 7:7; TEHILLIM 39:5; 102:3; 144:4; YESHAYAH 2:22]

15 Instead of this, you ought to say "Im yirtzeh Hashem" ("if the L-rd wills") "we will live, also we will do this or that."

16 But now you boast in your pretensions. All such ravrevanut (boastfulness) is ra’ah (evil, wickedness).

17 To the one having da’as, therefore, knowing to do tov and not doing it, to him it is chet.

Submit Yourselves to God

What causes fights and quarrels(A) among you? Don’t they come from your desires that battle(B) within you? You desire but do not have, so you kill.(C) You covet but you cannot get what you want, so you quarrel and fight. You do not have because you do not ask God. When you ask, you do not receive,(D) because you ask with wrong motives,(E) that you may spend what you get on your pleasures.

You adulterous(F) people,[a] don’t you know that friendship with the world(G) means enmity against God?(H) Therefore, anyone who chooses to be a friend of the world becomes an enemy of God.(I) Or do you think Scripture says without reason that he jealously longs for the spirit he has caused to dwell in us[b]?(J) But he gives us more grace. That is why Scripture says:

“God opposes the proud
    but shows favor to the humble.”[c](K)

Submit yourselves, then, to God. Resist the devil,(L) and he will flee from you. Come near to God and he will come near to you.(M) Wash your hands,(N) you sinners, and purify your hearts,(O) you double-minded.(P) Grieve, mourn and wail. Change your laughter to mourning and your joy to gloom.(Q) 10 Humble yourselves before the Lord, and he will lift you up.(R)

11 Brothers and sisters, do not slander one another.(S) Anyone who speaks against a brother or sister[d] or judges them(T) speaks against the law(U) and judges it. When you judge the law, you are not keeping it,(V) but sitting in judgment on it. 12 There is only one Lawgiver and Judge,(W) the one who is able to save and destroy.(X) But you—who are you to judge your neighbor?(Y)

Boasting About Tomorrow

13 Now listen,(Z) you who say, “Today or tomorrow we will go to this or that city, spend a year there, carry on business and make money.”(AA) 14 Why, you do not even know what will happen tomorrow. What is your life? You are a mist that appears for a little while and then vanishes.(AB) 15 Instead, you ought to say, “If it is the Lord’s will,(AC) we will live and do this or that.” 16 As it is, you boast in your arrogant schemes. All such boasting is evil.(AD) 17 If anyone, then, knows the good they ought to do and doesn’t do it, it is sin for them.(AE)

Footnotes

  1. James 4:4 An allusion to covenant unfaithfulness; see Hosea 3:1.
  2. James 4:5 Or that the spirit he caused to dwell in us envies intensely; or that the Spirit he caused to dwell in us longs jealously
  3. James 4:6 Prov. 3:34
  4. James 4:11 The Greek word for brother or sister (adelphos) refers here to a believer, whether man or woman, as part of God’s family.