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質問耶穌憑甚麼權柄作事(A)

20 有一天,耶穌在殿裡教導人,宣講福音,眾祭司長、經學家和長老上前來, 對他說:“告訴我們,你憑著甚麼權柄作這些事?給你這權柄的是誰?” 他回答他們:“我也要問你們一句話,你們告訴我: 約翰的洗禮是從天上來的,還是從人來的呢?” 他們就彼此議論說:“如果我們說:‘是從天上來的’,他就會問:‘那你們為甚麼不相信他呢?’ 如果我們說:‘是從人來的’,眾人都會用石頭打我們,因為他們都認定約翰是先知。” 於是他們回答耶穌:“我們不知道是從哪裡來的。” 耶穌說:“我也不告訴你們,我憑著甚麼權柄作這些事。”

佃戶的比喻(B)

於是耶穌向眾人講了這個比喻:“有一個人栽種了一個葡萄園,租給佃戶,就遠行去了很久。 10 到了時候,園主派了一個僕人到佃戶那裡,叫他們把葡萄園當納的果子交給他。佃戶卻打了他,放他空手回去。 11 園主又派另一個僕人去,佃戶又打了他,並且侮辱他,也叫他空手回去。 12 於是他又派第三個去,佃戶把他打傷,趕他走了。 13 葡萄園的主人說:‘怎麼辦呢?我要派我的愛子去,也許這一個他們會尊敬的。’ 14 佃戶一看他,就彼此商議說:‘這是繼承產業的,讓我們殺了他,那麼,產業就成為我們的了。’ 15 於是他們把園主的愛子推出葡萄園外殺了。主人要怎樣對待他們呢? 16 他要來除掉這些佃戶,把葡萄園租給別人。”他們聽見了就說:“千萬不要有這樣的事發生!” 17 耶穌看著他們,說:“那麼,

‘建築工人所棄的石頭,

成了房角的主要石頭’,

這經文是甚麼意思呢? 18 凡是跌在那石頭上的,就必摔碎;那石頭掉在誰的身上,就必把他壓得粉碎。” 19 經學家和祭司長知道這比喻是針對他們說的,當時就想動手拿他,可是又害怕群眾。

以納稅的事問難耶穌(C)

20 經學家和祭司長差派奸細偽裝好人去窺探耶穌,要在他的話上抓著把柄,好把他交由總督全權裁決。 21 奸細問他:“老師,我們知道你所說所教的都對,並且不講情面,只照著真理把 神的道教導人。 22 我們納稅給凱撒可以不可以?” 23 耶穌看透他們的詭計,就對他們說: 24 “給我一個銀幣看看,上面是誰的像,誰的名號?”他們說:“凱撒的。” 25 耶穌說:“這樣,凱撒的應當歸給凱撒, 神的應當歸給 神。” 26 他們在群眾面前,不能抓住耶穌的把柄,又希奇他的回答,就沉默下來。

人復活後不娶不嫁(D)

27 撒都該人向來否認有復活的事,他們當中有幾個人來問耶穌: 28 “老師,摩西曾寫給我們說:‘如果一個人娶了妻子,還沒有兒女就死了,他的弟弟就應當娶他的妻子,為哥哥立後。’ 29 從前有兄弟七人,頭一個娶了妻子,沒有孩子就死了。 30 第二個、 31 第三個,也娶過她;七個都是這樣,都沒有留下孩子就死了。 32 後來那女人也死了。 33 那麼,這女人在復活的時候,要作哪一個的妻子呢?因為七個人都娶過她。” 34 耶穌說:“這世界的人又娶又嫁, 35 但配得那世界的,又配從死人中復活的人,也不娶也不嫁。 36 他們和天使一樣,不能再死;既然是復活了的人,就是 神的兒子了。 37 至於死人復活的事,摩西在荊棘篇上提過,他稱主是亞伯拉罕的 神、以撒的 神、雅各的 神; 38  神不是死人的 神,而是活人的 神,因為在他那裡的人都是活的。” 39 經學家中有幾個說:“老師,你說得好。” 40 從此他們再不敢問他甚麼了。

大衛稱基督為主(E)

41 耶穌問他們:“人怎麼能說基督是大衛的子孫呢? 42 大衛自己在詩篇上說:

‘主對我的主說:

你坐在我的右邊,

43 等我使你的仇敵作你的腳凳。’

44 大衛既然稱他為主,他又怎會是大衛的子孫呢?”

提防經學家(F)

45 眾人聽著的時候,耶穌對門徒說: 46 “你們要提防經學家,他們好穿長袍走來走去,喜歡人在巿中心向他們問安,並且喜歡會堂裡的高位、筵席上的首座。 47 他們吞沒了寡婦的房產,又用冗長的禱告作掩飾。這等人必受更重的刑罰。”

犹太人首领怀疑耶稣的权威

20 一天,耶稣正在大殿院里教导人们、传播福音,祭司长、律法师和年长的犹太首领走过来, 问耶稣∶“告诉我们,你凭什么权力做这些事情,谁给了你这种权力的呢?”

耶稣回答他们道∶“我也要问你们一个问题,你们告诉我: 约翰所施的洗礼来自天上还是来自人间呢?”

他们彼此议论说∶“如果我们说∶‘来自天上,’他将说∶‘那么你们为什么不相信他呢?’ 可是,如果咱们说∶‘是来自凡人,’那么所有的人都会朝我们扔石头,因为他们都相信约翰是先知。” 于是他们回答说∶“我们不知道。”

然后,耶稣对他们说∶“那么,我也不告诉你们我是凭什么权力做这些事。”

上帝派谴他的儿子

接着,耶稣又给人们讲了这个寓言∶“从前,有个人种了一个葡萄园,他把园子租给了一些农户,然后自己就离开了,在外面住了很长一段时间。 10 到了收葡萄的季节,他派了一个仆人去见那些农户,向他们收取他应得的那份果实,可是,农夫们殴打了他一顿,还把他两手空空地撵了回去。 11 所以,他又派另一个仆人去要,结果这个仆人也挨了一顿打,农户们还羞辱了他一番,然后让他空着手回去了。 12 园主于是又派了第三个仆人去,可是那些农户不但打伤了他,还把他扔出了大门。 13 葡萄园主说道∶‘我该怎么办呢?我就派我的爱子去吧,也许他们会尊敬他。’ 14 农户一看到园主的儿子,便私下议论道∶‘这是园主的继承人,咱们把他杀了,那份产业就归咱们了。’ 15 于是,他们把园主的儿子扔出了园子,杀害了他。

“那么,葡萄园主将会怎么对付那些农户呢? 16 他会来杀掉那些农户,把园子转租给别人。”

他们听到这个故事时,说道∶“这种事情绝不该发生!” 17 可耶稣注视着他们说∶“书上的这句话∶‘那块被建筑师舍弃的石头, 现在变成了基石’是什么意思呢? 18 跌倒在这块石头上的人,将会粉身碎骨;这块石头砸在谁身上,谁就会被砸得稀烂。”

19 律法师和祭司长明白耶稣的比喻是针对他们讲的,恨不得马上把耶稣抓起来,可是,他们又害怕民众。

犹太首领企图设陷井

20 所以,律法师和祭司长们密切地注视着耶稣,并派了一些奸细,装作很诚恳的样子,他们的计划是要抓住耶稣话里的把柄,以便把他交到有权有势的总督那里去。 21 这些奸细问耶稣∶“老师,我们知道你所说的和所教的东西都是正确的,也知道你一视同仁,你总是忠实地教导上帝之道, 22 那么,我们是否应该向凯撒交税呢?”

23 耶稣意识到他们设的诡计,就对他们说: 24 “拿一块银币来给我看看,谁的头像和名字刻在上面?”

25 他们说∶“是凯撒的。”

然后耶稣说∶“那么,就应该把属于凯撒的东西给凯撒,把属于上帝的东西给上帝。”

26 这些奸细对耶稣的回答十分惊讶,都哑口无言了,他们无法在众人面前抓住耶稣的话柄。

一些撒都该人企图设陷井

27 一些撒都该人来见耶稣,(他们不相信死人会复活。)他们问道: 28 “老师,摩西为我们写道:如果一个结了婚的男子死了,没留下儿女,他的兄弟就应该和他的遗孀结婚,代兄长生儿育女。 29 从前一家有七个兄弟,老大结婚后死了,没留下孩子。 30 老二便娶了这个寡妇,可老二也没有孩子就死了; 31 然后,老三又娶了这个寡妇,结果也是如此。如果这七个兄弟都娶过这个寡妇,可都没有留下孩子便死去了。 32 最后,这个女子也死了。 33 既然七个兄弟都娶过她,那么在他们复活后,她应该是谁的妻子呢?”

34 然后,耶稣对他们说∶“这个世界的人们有娶有嫁, 35 一人在今世后会配得上从死里复活,在那个世界的人,既不娶也不嫁, 36 因为,他们就像天使一样,所以不会再死;因为他们复活了,所以他们是上帝的儿女。 37 但是,在关于燃烧着的荆棘 [a]那段里,当他称主为‘亚伯拉罕的上帝、以撒的上帝和雅各的上帝’时,甚至连摩西也表明了死者能复活。 [b] 38 他(上帝),不是死人的上帝,而是活人的上帝,所有归属他的人们都是活着的。”

39 一些律法师答道∶“老师,您讲得真好!” 40 之后,他们没人再敢向耶稣提问题了。

基督是大卫的子孙还是他的主?

41 耶稣又对他们说∶“人们怎么说基督是大卫的子孙呢? 42 因为大卫本人在《诗篇》书中说道:

‘主对我的主说:
坐在我的右侧,
43 直到我把你的敌人变成你的垫脚凳。’ (A)

44 既然大卫称基督为‘主’,那么基督怎么可能是大卫的子孙呢?”

警告当心律法师

45 当所有的人们听耶稣讲话的时候,耶稣对他的门徒们说∶ 46 “提防那些律法师。他们喜欢穿着长袍到处招摇,他们喜欢在集市上受人毕恭毕敬地问候;他们喜欢在犹太会堂里坐高位,在宴席上坐首位; 47 他们骗取寡妇的房屋,表演长篇的祷告,这些人将会受到更严厉的惩罚!”

Footnotes

  1. 路 加 福 音 20:37 燃烧着的荆棘: 读《出埃及记》3:1-12。
  2. 路 加 福 音 20:37 引自《出埃及记》3:6。

20 And it happened that on one of those days, as He taught the people in the Temple, and preached the Gospel, the chief priests and the scribes came upon Him, with the elders,

and spoke to Him, saying, “Tell us by what authority You do these things? Or, who is he who has given You this authority?”

And He answered, and said to them, “I also will ask you one thing. Therefore, tell me.

“The baptism of John, was it from Heaven, or of man?

And they reasoned among themselves, saying, “If we shall say, ‘From Heaven,’ He will say, ‘Why then did you not believe him?’

“But if we shall say, ‘Of man,’ all the people will stone us. For they are persuaded that John was a Prophet.”

Therefore they answered that they could not tell from where it was.

Then Jesus said to them, “Nor shall I tell you by what authority I do these things.”

Then He began to speak this parable to the people, “A certain man planted a vineyard, hired farmers, and went into a strange country for a long time.

10 “And at the proper time, he sent a servant to the farmers to have them give him of the fruit of the vineyard. But the farmers beat him and sent him away empty.

11 “Again, he sent yet another servant. And they beat him, and treated him badly, and sent him away empty.

12 “Moreover he sent the third. And they wounded him and cast him out.

13 “Then the Lord said of the vineyard, ‘What shall I do? I will send my beloved son. It may be that they will respect him.’

14 “But when the farmers saw him, they reasoned with themselves, saying, ‘This is the heir. Come, let us kill him, so that the inheritance may be ours.’

15 “So they cast him out of the vineyard and killed him. Therefore, what shall the Lord of the vineyard do to them?

16 “He will come and destroy these farmers and will give his vineyard to others.” But when they heard it, they said, “May it never be!”

17 And He looked at them, and said, “What, then, is the meaning of that which is written, ‘The stone that the builders refused, is made the head cornerstone?’

18 “Whoever shall fall upon that stone, shall be broken. And whomever it shall fall upon will be ground into powder.”

19 Then that same hour, the chief priests and the scribes sought to lay hands on Him, but they feared the people. For they perceived that He had spoken this parable against them.

20 And they watched Him and sent forth spies to act like righteous men and take Him in His talk (and deliver Him to the power and authority of the governor).

21 And they asked Him, saying, “Master, we know that You say and teach right, without partiality. And You teach the way of God truly.

22 “Is it lawful for us to give Caesar tribute or not?”

23 But He perceived their craftiness, and said to them, “Why do you tempt Me?

24 “Show me a penny. Whose image and superscription does it have?” They answered, “Caesar’s.”

25 Then He said to them, “Then, give to Caesar those things which are Caesar’s, and to God those which are God’s.”

26 And they could not catch Him in His words before the people. But they marveled at His answer and were silent.

27 Then some of the Sadducees came to Him (who deny that there is any resurrection). And they asked Him,

28 “Master, Moses wrote to us: ‘If anyone’s brother dies having a wife (and he dies without children), that his brother should take his wife and raise up seed to his brother.’

29 “Now there were seven brothers. And the first took a wife, and he died without children.

30 “And the second took the wife, and he died childless.

31 “Then the third took her. And so likewise did all seven die and leave no children.

32 “And last of all, the woman also died.

33 “Therefore, at the resurrection, whose wife shall she be? For seven had her as wife.”

34 Then Jesus answered, and said to them, “The sons of this world marry wives, and are married.

35 “But those who shall be counted worthy to enjoy that World, (and the resurrection from the dead) neither marry wives nor are married.

36 “For they can die no more, because they are equal to the angels and are the sons of God (since they are sons of the resurrection).

37 “And even Moses showed that the dead shall rise again when, beside the bush, he said, ‘The Lord is the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob.’

38 “For He is not the God of the dead, but of the living. For all live for Him.”

39 Then some of the scribes answered, and said, “Master, You have spoken well.”

40 And after that, they did not ask Him anything at all.

41 Then He said to them, “How can they say that Christ is David’s son?

42 “And David himself says in the Book of the Psalms, ‘The Lord said to my Lord, “Sit at My right hand,

43 “Till I shall make your enemies your footstool.?”’

44 “Seeing David called Him Lord, how then is He his son?

45 Then He said to His disciples (in front of all the people),

46 “Beware of the scribes who willingly walk in long robes, and love greetings in the markets and the highest seats in the assemblies and the chief places at feasts!

47 “They devour widows’ houses and make long prayers for show! These shall receive greater damnation!”

20 And it came to pass, that on one of those days, as he taught the people in the temple, and preached the gospel, the chief priests and the scribes came upon him with the elders,

And spake unto him, saying, Tell us, by what authority doest thou these things? or who is he that gave thee this authority?

And he answered and said unto them, I will also ask you one thing; and answer me:

The baptism of John, was it from heaven, or of men?

And they reasoned with themselves, saying, If we shall say, From heaven; he will say, Why then believed ye him not?

But and if we say, Of men; all the people will stone us: for they be persuaded that John was a prophet.

And they answered, that they could not tell whence it was.

And Jesus said unto them, Neither tell I you by what authority I do these things.

Then began he to speak to the people this parable; A certain man planted a vineyard, and let it forth to husbandmen, and went into a far country for a long time.

10 And at the season he sent a servant to the husbandmen, that they should give him of the fruit of the vineyard: but the husbandmen beat him, and sent him away empty.

11 And again he sent another servant: and they beat him also, and entreated him shamefully, and sent him away empty.

12 And again he sent a third: and they wounded him also, and cast him out.

13 Then said the lord of the vineyard, What shall I do? I will send my beloved son: it may be they will reverence him when they see him.

14 But when the husbandmen saw him, they reasoned among themselves, saying, This is the heir: come, let us kill him, that the inheritance may be ours.

15 So they cast him out of the vineyard, and killed him. What therefore shall the lord of the vineyard do unto them?

16 He shall come and destroy these husbandmen, and shall give the vineyard to others. And when they heard it, they said, God forbid.

17 And he beheld them, and said, What is this then that is written, The stone which the builders rejected, the same is become the head of the corner?

18 Whosoever shall fall upon that stone shall be broken; but on whomsoever it shall fall, it will grind him to powder.

19 And the chief priests and the scribes the same hour sought to lay hands on him; and they feared the people: for they perceived that he had spoken this parable against them.

20 And they watched him, and sent forth spies, which should feign themselves just men, that they might take hold of his words, that so they might deliver him unto the power and authority of the governor.

21 And they asked him, saying, Master, we know that thou sayest and teachest rightly, neither acceptest thou the person of any, but teachest the way of God truly:

22 Is it lawful for us to give tribute unto Caesar, or no?

23 But he perceived their craftiness, and said unto them, Why tempt ye me?

24 Shew me a penny. Whose image and superscription hath it? They answered and said, Caesar's.

25 And he said unto them, Render therefore unto Caesar the things which be Caesar's, and unto God the things which be God's.

26 And they could not take hold of his words before the people: and they marvelled at his answer, and held their peace.

27 Then came to him certain of the Sadducees, which deny that there is any resurrection; and they asked him,

28 Saying, Master, Moses wrote unto us, If any man's brother die, having a wife, and he die without children, that his brother should take his wife, and raise up seed unto his brother.

29 There were therefore seven brethren: and the first took a wife, and died without children.

30 And the second took her to wife, and he died childless.

31 And the third took her; and in like manner the seven also: and they left no children, and died.

32 Last of all the woman died also.

33 Therefore in the resurrection whose wife of them is she? for seven had her to wife.

34 And Jesus answering said unto them, The children of this world marry, and are given in marriage:

35 But they which shall be accounted worthy to obtain that world, and the resurrection from the dead, neither marry, nor are given in marriage:

36 Neither can they die any more: for they are equal unto the angels; and are the children of God, being the children of the resurrection.

37 Now that the dead are raised, even Moses shewed at the bush, when he calleth the Lord the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob.

38 For he is not a God of the dead, but of the living: for all live unto him.

39 Then certain of the scribes answering said, Master, thou hast well said.

40 And after that they durst not ask him any question at all.

41 And he said unto them, How say they that Christ is David's son?

42 And David himself saith in the book of Psalms, The Lord said unto my Lord, Sit thou on my right hand,

43 Till I make thine enemies thy footstool.

44 David therefore calleth him Lord, how is he then his son?

45 Then in the audience of all the people he said unto his disciples,

46 Beware of the scribes, which desire to walk in long robes, and love greetings in the markets, and the highest seats in the synagogues, and the chief rooms at feasts;

47 Which devour widows' houses, and for a shew make long prayers: the same shall receive greater damnation.