上帝引导祂的子民

亚萨的训诲诗。

78 我的百姓啊!
你们要听我的教导,
侧耳倾听我的话。
我要开口讲比喻,
道出古时的奥秘,
是我们所闻所知、世代流传下来的事。
我们不要在子孙面前隐瞒事实,
要把耶和华当受称颂的作为、
祂的权能和所行的奇事告诉下一代。
因为祂为雅各制定法度,
为以色列设立律法,
又吩咐我们的祖先把这些律法传给儿女,
好让他们也照样教导自己的子孙后代,
世代相传。
这样,他们就会信靠上帝,
遵行祂的命令,
不忘记祂的作为;
也不会像自己的祖先那样顽梗叛逆,
对上帝不忠,心怀二意。
以法莲人备上了弓箭,
却临阵逃命。
10 他们不遵守上帝的约,
拒绝遵行祂的律法。
11 他们忘记了祂的作为,
忘记了祂为他们所行的奇事。
12 祂曾在埃及,在琐安当着他们祖先的面行神迹。
13 祂把海水分开,
带领他们安然渡过;
祂使海水堆起如墙壁。
14 祂白天以云柱带领他们,
晚上用火柱引导他们。
15 祂在旷野劈开磐石,
供应他们丰沛的水源。
16 祂使水从磐石中滚滚流出,
如滔滔江河。
17 然而,他们仍旧犯罪,
在旷野反叛至高的上帝。
18 他们顽梗地试探上帝,
索要他们想吃的食物。
19 他们抱怨上帝,说:
“难道上帝可以在旷野摆宴席吗?
20 祂击打磐石,
水就涌出,流淌成河,
但祂能赐给我们——祂的子民食物和肉吗?”
21 耶和华听后大怒,
祂的怒火烧向雅各,
祂的怒气撒向以色列。
22 因为他们不相信上帝,也不信靠祂的拯救。
23 祂向穹苍发出命令,
又打开天门,
24 降下吗哪给他们吃,赐下天粮。
25 他们吃了天使的食物,
上帝赐给他们丰富的食物。
26 祂使空中刮起东风,
用大能引来南风,
27 使飞鸟像雨点一般降在他们当中,多如尘埃,
使他们有多如海沙的肉吃。
28 祂使飞鸟降落在他们营中的帐篷周围,
29 让他们尽情地吃,
遂了他们的心愿。
30 但是,他们还没有吃完,
肉还在口中的时候,
31 上帝就向他们发怒,
杀掉了他们当中最强壮的,
消灭了以色列的青年。
32 即使如此,
他们依旧犯罪,
不相信上帝奇妙的作为。
33 所以上帝使他们虚度一生,
让他们的岁月充满恐惧。
34 直到上帝击杀他们的时候,
他们才回转,诚心寻求上帝。
35 他们才想起上帝是他们的磐石,
至高的上帝是他们的救赎主。
36 他们却虚情假意,满口谎言。
37 他们不忠于祂,
也不信守祂的约。
38 但上帝充满怜悯,
赦免了他们的罪,
没有毁灭他们。
祂多次收住怒气,
没有完全发出祂的烈怒。
39 祂顾念他们不过是血肉之躯,
像一阵风转眼消逝。
40 他们在旷野屡屡反叛祂,
使祂伤心。
41 他们再三试探上帝,
惹以色列的圣者发怒。
42 他们忘记了祂的大能,
忘记了祂救他们脱离压迫的日子,
43 也忘记了祂在埃及所行的神迹,
在琐安的田野所行的奇事。
44 祂曾使江河溪流变成血,
以致无人能喝。
45 祂曾使成群的苍蝇吞没他们,
使青蛙毁灭他们。
46 祂将他们的五谷赏给蚱蜢,
让蝗虫吃尽他们的收成。
47 祂用冰雹毁坏他们的葡萄树,
用严霜毁坏他们的无花果树,
48 又用冰雹毁灭他们的牛群,
用闪电毁灭他们的牲畜。
49 祂把怒火、烈怒、愤恨和祸患倾倒在他们身上,
遣下一群降灾的天使。
50 祂的怒气尽发,
使他们被瘟疫吞噬,难逃一死。
51 祂击杀了埃及人所有的长子,
就是含帐篷中头生的儿子。
52 祂领出自己的子民,
好像领出羊群,
引领他们经过旷野,
53 使他们一路平安,免受惊吓,
大海却淹没了他们的仇敌。
54 祂带领自己的子民来到圣地的边界,
来到祂亲手为他们预备的山区,
55 从他们面前赶出外族人,
把外族人的土地分给他们,
作为他们的产业,
使以色列各支派安顿下来。
56 可是,他们仍旧试探上帝,
反叛至高者,不遵行祂的法度。
57 他们跟祖先一样背信弃义,
像断弓一样毫不可靠。
58 他们建造丘坛,惹祂发怒;
他们竖起神像,令祂愤怒。
59 上帝知道了他们的恶行,
怒不可遏,
彻底弃绝了以色列人。
60 祂离弃了设在示罗的圣幕,
就是祂在人间的居所。
61 祂任凭自己的约柜被人掳去,
让自己的荣耀落在敌人手中。
62 祂使自己的子民被刀剑杀戮,
向自己的产业大发怒气。
63 青年被烈火吞噬,
少女无法婚嫁。
64 祭司丧身刀下,
寡妇无法哭丧。
65 那时,主像从睡眠中醒来,
又如酒后醒来的勇士。
66 祂击退仇敌,
叫他们永远蒙羞。
67 祂丢弃了约瑟的子孙,
没有拣选以法莲支派。
68 祂拣选了犹大支派,
祂所喜爱的锡安山。
69 祂为自己建造高耸的圣所,
使它像大地一样长存。
70 祂拣选了祂的仆人大卫,
把他从羊圈中召来,
71 让他离开牧羊的生活,
去牧养祂的子民雅各的后裔,
牧养祂的产业以色列。
72 于是,大卫以正直的心牧养他们,
用灵巧的手带领他们。

Psalm 78

Lessons from Israel’s Past

A Maskil of Asaph.(A)

My people, hear my instruction;
listen to the words from my mouth.(B)
I will declare wise sayings;
I will speak mysteries from the past(C)
things we have heard and known
and that our ancestors have passed down to us.(D)
We will not hide them from their children,
but will tell a future generation
the praiseworthy acts of the Lord,
his might, and the wondrous works
he has performed.(E)
He established a testimony in Jacob
and set up a law in Israel,
which he commanded our ancestors
to teach to their children(F)
so that a future generation—
children yet to be born—might know.
They were to rise and tell their children(G)
so that they might put their confidence in God
and not forget God’s works,
but keep his commands.(H)
Then they would not be like their ancestors,
a stubborn and rebellious generation,
a generation whose heart was not loyal
and whose spirit was not faithful to God.(I)

The Ephraimite archers turned back
on the day of battle.(J)
10 They did not keep God’s covenant
and refused to live by his law.(K)
11 They forgot what he had done,
the wondrous works he had shown them.(L)
12 He worked wonders in the sight of their ancestors
in the land of Egypt, the territory of Zoan.(M)
13 He split the sea and brought them across;
the water stood firm like a wall.(N)
14 He led them with a cloud by day
and with a fiery light throughout the night.(O)
15 He split rocks in the wilderness
and gave them drink as abundant as the depths.(P)
16 He brought streams out of the stone
and made water flow down like rivers.(Q)

17 But they continued to sin against him,
rebelling in the desert against the Most High.(R)
18 They deliberately[a] tested God,
demanding the food they craved.(S)
19 They spoke against God, saying,
“Is God able to provide food in the wilderness?
20 Look! He struck the rock and water gushed out;
torrents overflowed.(T)
But can he also provide bread
or furnish meat for his people?” (U)
21 Therefore, the Lord heard and became furious;
then fire broke out against Jacob,
and anger flared up against Israel(V)
22 because they did not believe God
or rely on his salvation.(W)
23 He gave a command to the clouds above
and opened the doors of heaven.(X)
24 He rained manna for them to eat;
he gave them grain from heaven.(Y)
25 People[b] ate the bread of angels.[c]
He sent them an abundant supply of food.(Z)
26 He made the east wind blow in the skies
and drove the south wind by his might.(AA)
27 He rained meat on them like dust,
and winged birds like the sand of the seas.
28 He made them fall in the camp,
all around the tents.(AB)
29 The people ate and were completely satisfied,
for he gave them what they craved.(AC)
30 Before they had turned from what they craved,
while the food was still in their mouths,
31 God’s anger flared up against them,
and he killed some of their best men.
He struck down Israel’s fit young men.(AD)

32 Despite all this, they kept sinning
and did not believe his wondrous works.(AE)
33 He made their days end in futility,
their years in sudden disaster.(AF)
34 When he killed some of them,
the rest began to seek him;
they repented and searched for God.(AG)
35 They remembered that God was their rock,
the Most High God, their Redeemer.(AH)
36 But they deceived him with their mouths,
they lied to him with their tongues,(AI)
37 their hearts were insincere toward him,
and they were unfaithful to his covenant.(AJ)
38 Yet he was compassionate;
he atoned for their iniquity
and did not destroy them.
He often turned his anger aside
and did not unleash[d] all his wrath.(AK)
39 He remembered that they were only flesh,
a wind that passes and does not return.(AL)

40 How often they rebelled against him
in the wilderness
and grieved him in the desert.
41 They constantly tested God(AM)
and provoked the Holy One of Israel.(AN)
42 They did not remember his power shown
on the day he redeemed them from the foe,(AO)
43 when he performed his miraculous signs in Egypt
and his wonders in the territory of Zoan.(AP)
44 He turned their rivers into blood,
and they could not drink from their streams.(AQ)
45 He sent among them swarms of flies,(AR)
which fed on them,
and frogs, which devastated them.(AS)
46 He gave their crops to the caterpillar
and the fruit of their labor to the locust.(AT)
47 He killed their vines with hail
and their sycamore fig trees with a flood.
48 He handed over their livestock to hail
and their cattle to lightning bolts.(AU)
49 He sent his burning anger against them:
fury, indignation, and calamity—
a band of deadly messengers.[e](AV)
50 He cleared a path for his anger.
He did not spare them from death
but delivered their lives to the plague.(AW)
51 He struck all the firstborn(AX) in Egypt,
the first progeny of the tents of Ham.(AY)
52 He led his people out like sheep
and guided them like a flock in the wilderness.(AZ)
53 He led them safely, and they were not afraid;
but the sea covered their enemies.(BA)
54 He brought them to his holy territory,
to the mountain his right hand acquired.(BB)
55 He drove out nations before them.(BC)
He apportioned their inheritance by lot
and settled the tribes of Israel in their tents.(BD)

56 But they rebelliously tested the Most High God,
for they did not keep his decrees.(BE)
57 They treacherously turned away like their ancestors;
they became warped like a faulty bow.(BF)
58 They enraged him with their high places
and provoked his jealousy with their carved images.(BG)
59 God heard and became furious;
he completely rejected Israel.(BH)
60 He abandoned the tabernacle at Shiloh,
the tent where he resided among mankind.(BI)
61 He gave up his strength to captivity
and his splendor to the hand of a foe.(BJ)
62 He surrendered his people to the sword
because he was enraged with his heritage.(BK)
63 Fire consumed his chosen young men,
and his young women had no wedding songs.[f](BL)
64 His priests fell by the sword,
and the widows could not lament.(BM)

65 The Lord awoke as if from sleep,
like a warrior from the effects of wine.(BN)
66 He beat back his foes;
he gave them lasting disgrace.(BO)
67 He rejected the tent of Joseph
and did not choose the tribe of Ephraim.
68 He chose instead the tribe of Judah,
Mount Zion, which he loved.(BP)
69 He built his sanctuary like the heights,
like the earth that he established forever.(BQ)
70 He chose David his servant
and took him from the sheep pens;(BR)
71 he brought him from tending ewes
to be shepherd over his people Jacob—
over Israel, his inheritance.(BS)
72 He shepherded them with a pure heart
and guided them with his skillful hands.(BT)

Footnotes

  1. 78:18 Lit in their heart
  2. 78:25 Lit Man
  3. 78:25 Lit mighty ones
  4. 78:38 Or stir up
  5. 78:49 Or angels
  6. 78:63 Lit virgins were not praised