上帝不放棄以色列人

11 這樣,難道上帝放棄了祂的子民嗎?當然沒有!因我自己也是以色列人,是亞伯拉罕的後裔,屬於便雅憫支派。 上帝並沒有放棄祂預先揀選的子民。你們不知道聖經上有關以利亞先知的記載嗎?他在上帝面前控告以色列人,說: 「主啊!他們殘殺你的先知,拆毀你的祭壇,只剩下我一個人,他們還要殺我。」 上帝怎樣回答呢?祂說:「我為自己留下七千人,他們未曾跪拜巴力。」

現在的情況也是一樣,上帝按照揀選的恩典留下了少數人。 既然說是出於恩典,就不再基於行為,不然恩典就不再是恩典了。 這該怎麼說呢?以色列人努力追求,卻一無所得,只有蒙揀選的人得到了,其他的人都變得頑固不化。 正如聖經上說:

「上帝使他們至今心智昏迷,
眼睛看不見,耳朵聽不到。」

大衛也說:

「願他們的宴席成為網羅、
陷阱、絆腳石,
給他們帶來報應;
10 願他們眼目昏暗,
無法看見,
永遠彎腰駝背。」

11 那麼,以色列人一失足就再也爬不起來了嗎?當然不是!恰好相反,因他們的過犯,救恩臨到了外族人,使他們心生嫉妒。 12 如果他們的過犯給世界帶來了富足,他們的失敗給外族人帶來了富足,那麼,他們發憤回頭的時候豈不要帶來更大的祝福嗎?

外族人得救

13 我有話要對你們外族人說,因為我是外族人的使徒,我尊重自己的職分, 14 希望使我的骨肉同胞心生嫉妒,好使他們當中的一些人得救。 15 如果他們被拋棄,人類便有機會與上帝和好,那麼,當他們被接納的時候,又將怎樣呢?豈不是要死而復生嗎? 16 獻祭時所獻的那部分麵團如果聖潔,整團麵也聖潔;樹根如果聖潔,樹枝也聖潔。

17 如果橄欖樹上有幾條枝子被折了下來,你這野橄欖枝被接了上去,得以汲取橄欖樹根供應的汁漿,你就不可向折下來的枝子誇口。 18 你怎能誇口呢?要知道:不是你托住樹根,而是樹根托住你。 19 你也許會說:「原來的枝子被折下來,是為了把我接上去。」 20 不錯,他們因為不信被折了下來,而你因為信被接了上去,然而不要自高,要敬畏上帝。 21 上帝既然沒有留下原來的枝子,也可以不留下你。 22 可見,上帝既慈愛又嚴厲。祂對墮落的人是嚴厲的,對你卻是慈愛的。你要常常活在祂的愛中,不然你也會被砍下來。 23 當然,如果以色列人不再頑固不信,必會重新被接上去,因為上帝能把他們重新接上。 24 你這從野生的橄欖樹上砍下來的枝子,尚且可以違反自然,被接到好橄欖樹上,何況原來的枝子被接回到原來的樹上呢?

全以色列都要得救

25 弟兄姊妹,我不願意你們對以下這奧祕一無所知,還自以為聰明。這奧祕就是:雖然有些以色列人的心剛硬,但等到外族人得救的數目滿了以後, 26 全以色列都要得救。正如聖經上說:「救主必從錫安出來,祂將除去雅各子孫的罪惡。 27 那時我要除去他們的罪,這是我與他們所立的約。」

28 就福音而論,他們成為上帝的仇敵是為了使你們得到福音;就上帝的揀選而論,因為他們祖先的緣故,他們仍是上帝所愛的。 29 因為上帝絕不會收回祂的恩賜和呼召。 30 你們從前不順服上帝,然而因為他們的不順服,你們現在反蒙了憐憫。 31 同樣,他們現在不順服是為了使你們蒙憐憫,好使他們也蒙憐憫。 32 因為上帝把世人都歸在不順服之列,是為了要憐憫世人。

頌讚上帝

33 啊,上帝的智慧和知識多麼博大精深!
祂的判斷多麼難測!
祂的蹤跡多麼難尋!
34 誰曾知道主的心意?
誰曾做過祂的謀士?
35 誰曾給過祂,
等祂償還呢?
36 因為萬物都源於祂,
倚靠祂,歸於祂。
願榮耀歸給祂,
直到永遠。阿們!

Israel’s Rejection Not Total

11 I ask, then, has God rejected his people?(A) Absolutely not!(B) For I too am an Israelite, a descendant of Abraham,(C) from the tribe of Benjamin. God has not rejected his people whom he foreknew.(D) Or don’t you know(E) what the Scripture says in the passage about Elijah—how he pleads with God against Israel? Lord, they have killed your prophets and torn down your altars. I am the only one left, and they are trying to take my life![a](F) But what was God’s answer to him? I have left seven thousand for myself who have not bowed down to Baal.[b](G) In the same way, then, there is also at the present time a remnant chosen by grace.(H) Now if by grace,(I) then it is not by works; otherwise grace ceases to be grace.[c]

What then? Israel did not find what it was looking for,(J) but the elect did find it. The rest were hardened,(K) as it is written,

God gave them a spirit of stupor,
eyes that cannot see
and ears that cannot hear,
to this day.[d](L)

And David says,

Let their table become a snare and a trap,
a pitfall and a retribution to them.
10 Let their eyes be darkened so that they cannot see,
and their backs be bent continually.[e](M)

Israel’s Rejection Not Final

11 I ask, then, have they stumbled so as to fall? Absolutely not! On the contrary, by their transgression, salvation has come to the Gentiles(N) to make Israel jealous. 12 Now if their transgression brings riches for the world, and their failure riches for the Gentiles, how much more will their fullness bring!(O)

13 Now I am speaking to you Gentiles. Insofar as I am an apostle to the Gentiles,(P) I magnify my ministry, 14 if I might somehow make my own people[f](Q) jealous and save some of them.(R) 15 For if their rejection brings reconciliation(S) to the world, what will their acceptance mean but life from the dead?(T) 16 Now if the firstfruits are holy,(U) so is the whole batch. And if the root is holy, so are the branches.

17 Now if some of the branches were broken off,(V) and you, though a wild olive branch, were grafted in among them(W) and have come to share in the rich root[g] of the cultivated olive tree, 18 do not boast that you are better than those branches. But if you do boast—you do not sustain the root, but the root sustains you.(X) 19 Then you will say,(Y) “Branches were broken off so that I might be grafted in.” 20 True enough; they were broken off because of unbelief, but you stand by faith.(Z) Do not be arrogant, but beware,[h](AA) 21 because if God did not spare the natural branches, he will not spare you either. 22 Therefore, consider God’s kindness and severity: severity toward those who have fallen but God’s kindness(AB) toward you—if you remain in his kindness.(AC) Otherwise you too will be cut off.(AD) 23 And even they, if they do not remain in unbelief,(AE) will be grafted in, because God has the power to graft them in again. 24 For if you were cut off from your native wild olive tree and against nature were grafted into a cultivated olive tree, how much more will these—the natural branches—be grafted into their own olive tree?

25 I don’t want you to be ignorant(AF) of this mystery,(AG) brothers and sisters, so that you will not be conceited:(AH) A partial hardening has come upon Israel(AI) until the fullness of the Gentiles has come in.(AJ) 26 And in this way all[i] Israel will be saved, as it is written,

The Deliverer will come from Zion;
he will turn godlessness away from Jacob.
27 And this will be my covenant with them[j](AK)
when I take away their sins.[k](AL)

28 Regarding the gospel, they are enemies for your advantage,(AM) but regarding election, they are loved because of the patriarchs,(AN) 29 since God’s gracious gifts and calling(AO) are irrevocable.[l](AP) 30 As you once disobeyed God but now have received mercy through their disobedience, 31 so they too have now disobeyed, resulting in mercy to you, so that they also may now[m] receive mercy. 32 For God has imprisoned all in disobedience(AQ) so that he may have mercy on all.

A Hymn of Praise

33 Oh, the depth of the riches(AR)
and the wisdom and the knowledge of God!(AS)
How unsearchable his judgments(AT)
and untraceable his ways!
34 For who has known the mind of the Lord?(AU)
Or who has been his counselor?
35 And who has ever given to God,
that he should be repaid?[n](AV)
36 For from him and through him
and to him are all things.(AW)
To him be the glory forever. Amen.

Footnotes

  1. 11:3 1Kg 19:10,14
  2. 11:4 1Kg 19:18
  3. 11:6 Other mss add But if of works it is no longer grace; otherwise work is no longer work.
  4. 11:8 Dt 29:4; Is 29:10
  5. 11:9–10 Ps 69:22–23
  6. 11:14 Lit flesh
  7. 11:17 Other mss read the root and the richness
  8. 11:20 Lit fear
  9. 11:26 Or And then all
  10. 11:26–27 Is 59:20–21
  11. 11:27 Jr 31:31–34
  12. 11:29 Or are not taken back
  13. 11:31 Other mss omit now
  14. 11:34–35 Jb 41:11; Is 40:13; Jr 23:18

Israel’s Rejection Not Total

11 I say then, (A)has God cast away His people? (B)Certainly not! For (C)I also am an Israelite, of the seed of Abraham, of the tribe of Benjamin. God has not cast away His people whom (D)He foreknew. Or do you not know what the Scripture says of Elijah, how he pleads with God against Israel, saying, (E)Lord, they have killed Your prophets and torn down Your altars, and I alone am left, and they seek my life”? But what does the divine response say to him? (F)“I have reserved for Myself seven thousand men who have not bowed the knee to Baal.” (G)Even so then, at this present time there is a remnant according to the election of grace. And (H)if by grace, then it is no longer of works; otherwise grace is no longer grace. [a]But if it is of works, it is no longer grace; otherwise work is no longer work.

What then? (I)Israel has not obtained what it seeks; but the elect have obtained it, and the rest were (J)blinded. Just as it is written:

(K)“God has given them a spirit of stupor,
(L)Eyes that they should not see
And ears that they should not hear,
To this very day.”

And David says:

(M)“Let their table become a snare and a trap,
A stumbling block and a recompense to them.
10 Let their eyes be darkened, so that they do not see,
And bow down their back always.”

Israel’s Rejection Not Final

11 I say then, have they stumbled that they should fall? Certainly not! But (N)through their [b]fall, to provoke them to (O)jealousy, salvation has come to the Gentiles. 12 Now if their [c]fall is riches for the world, and their failure riches for the Gentiles, how much more their fullness!

13 For I speak to you Gentiles; inasmuch as (P)I am an apostle to the Gentiles, I magnify my ministry, 14 if by any means I may provoke to jealousy those who are my flesh and (Q)save some of them. 15 For if their being cast away is the reconciling of the world, what will their acceptance be (R)but life from the dead?

16 For if (S)the firstfruit is holy, the lump is also holy; and if the root is holy, so are the branches. 17 And if (T)some of the branches were broken off, (U)and you, being a wild olive tree, were grafted in among them, and with them became a partaker of the root and [d]fatness of the olive tree, 18 (V)do not boast against the branches. But if you do boast, remember that you do not support the root, but the root supports you.

19 You will say then, “Branches were broken off that I might be grafted in.” 20 Well said. Because of (W)unbelief they were broken off, and you stand by faith. Do not be haughty, but fear. 21 For if God did not spare the natural branches, He may not spare you either. 22 Therefore consider the goodness and severity of God: on those who fell, severity; but toward you, [e]goodness, (X)if you continue in His goodness. Otherwise (Y)you also will be cut off. 23 And they also, (Z)if they do not continue in unbelief, will be grafted in, for God is able to graft them in again. 24 For if you were cut out of the olive tree which is wild by nature, and were grafted contrary to nature into a cultivated olive tree, how much more will these, who are natural branches, be grafted into their own olive tree?

25 For I do not desire, brethren, that you should be ignorant of this mystery, lest you should be (AA)wise in your own [f]opinion, that (AB)blindness in part has happened to Israel (AC)until the fullness of the Gentiles has come in. 26 And so all Israel will be [g]saved, as it is written:

(AD)“The Deliverer will come out of Zion,
And He will turn away ungodliness from Jacob;
27 For (AE)this is My covenant with them,
When I take away their sins.”

28 Concerning the gospel they are enemies for your sake, but concerning the election they are (AF)beloved for the sake of the fathers. 29 For the gifts and the calling of God are (AG)irrevocable. 30 For as you (AH)were once disobedient to God, yet have now obtained mercy through their disobedience, 31 even so these also have now been disobedient, that through the mercy shown you they also may obtain mercy. 32 For God has [h]committed them (AI)all to disobedience, that He might have mercy on all.

33 Oh, the depth of the riches both of the wisdom and knowledge of God! How unsearchable are His judgments and His ways past finding out!

34 “For who has known the (AJ)mind of the Lord?
Or (AK)who has become His counselor?”
35 “Or(AL) who has first given to Him
And it shall be repaid to him?”

36 For (AM)of Him and through Him and to Him are all things, (AN)to whom be glory forever. Amen.

Footnotes

  1. Romans 11:6 NU omits the rest of v. 6.
  2. Romans 11:11 trespass
  3. Romans 11:12 trespass
  4. Romans 11:17 richness
  5. Romans 11:22 NU adds of God
  6. Romans 11:25 estimation
  7. Romans 11:26 Or delivered
  8. Romans 11:32 shut them all up in