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亚伯拉罕做因信称义的表样

如此说来,我们的祖宗亚伯拉罕凭着肉体得了什么呢? 倘若亚伯拉罕是因行为称义,就有可夸的,只是在神面前并无可夸。 经上说什么呢?说:“亚伯拉罕信神,这就算为他的义。” 做工的得工价,不算恩典,乃是该得的。 唯有不做工的,只信称罪人为义的神,他的信就算为义。 正如大卫称那在行为以外蒙神算为义的人是有福的, 他说:“得赦免其过、遮盖其罪的,这人是有福的! 主不算为有罪的,这人是有福的!” 如此看来,这福是单加给那受割礼的人吗?不也是加给那未受割礼的人吗?因我们所说,亚伯拉罕的信就算为他的义。 10 是怎么算的呢?是在他受割礼的时候呢,是在他未受割礼的时候呢?不是在受割礼的时候,乃是在未受割礼的时候。 11 并且他受了割礼的记号,做他未受割礼的时候因信称义的印证,叫他做一切未受割礼而信之人的父,使他们也算为义; 12 又做受割礼之人的父,就是那些不但受割礼,并且按我们的祖宗亚伯拉罕未受割礼而信之踪迹去行的人。 13 因为神应许亚伯拉罕和他后裔必得承受世界,不是因律法,乃是因信而得的义。 14 若是属乎律法的人才得为后嗣,信就归于虚空,应许也就废弃了。 15 因为律法是惹动愤怒的[a],哪里没有律法,哪里就没有过犯。 16 所以人得为后嗣是本乎信,因此就属乎恩,叫应许定然归给一切后裔,不但归给那属乎律法的,也归给那效法亚伯拉罕之信的。

亚伯拉罕为众信者之祖

17 亚伯拉罕所信的是那叫死人复活,使无变为有的神,他在主面前做我们世人的父,如经上所记:“我已经立你做多国的父。” 18 他在无可指望的时候,因信仍有指望,就得以做多国的父,正如先前所说:“你的后裔将要如此。” 19 他将近百岁的时候,虽然想到自己的身体如同已死,撒拉的生育已经断绝,他的信心还是不软弱, 20 并且仰望神的应许,总没有因不信心里起疑惑,反倒因信心里得坚固,将荣耀归给神, 21 且满心相信神所应许的必能做成。 22 所以这就“算为他的义”。 23 “算为他义”的这句话不是单为他写的, 24 也是为我们将来得算为义之人写的,就是我们这信神使我们的主耶稣从死里复活的人。 25 耶稣被交给人,是为我们的过犯;复活,是为叫我们称义。[b]

Footnotes

  1. 罗马书 4:15 或作:叫人受刑的。
  2. 罗马书 4:25 或作:耶稣是为我们的过犯交付了,是为我们称义复活了。

亚伯拉罕之例

那么,关于我们的祖先亚伯拉罕,我们该说什么呢?关于信仰,他发现了什么呢? 假如亚伯拉罕凭他的行为得到上帝的认可,那么,他就有理由骄傲了,但是他却不能在上帝面前骄傲。 《经》上是怎么说的呢?“亚伯拉罕相信了上帝,因为他相信了,上帝像接受一位行为正直的人一样接受了他。”

给工作的人付工资,不是出于恩典给他的,而是出于义务。 如果一个人没有做任何工作,但他却信任让人改邪归正的上帝, 那么上帝就会接受他的信仰,并得到上帝的认可。 同样,大卫也说过同样的话,他说到如果一个人,上帝不计较他的行为而得到他的认可的人,他是有福的。他说:

“不法行为被宽恕的人,是有福的,
罪被遮盖的人,是有福的,
主不把他的罪过记在账上的人,是有福的。”

那么,这种祝福只施给那些受过割礼的人吗?或者也会施给那些未受过割礼的人吗?(是的,它也会降临在未受割礼的人的身上的)我们说过,亚伯拉罕因为他的信仰得到了上帝的认可。 10 这是在什么情况下发生的呢?是在他受割礼之前,还是在他受割礼之后呢?是在之前,而不是在之后。 11 他后来接受了割礼,他的割礼只是一个标记,表明在他受割礼之前,已由于信仰得到了上帝的认可。所以,亚伯拉罕是所有相信、但没有受割礼的人的祖先。这些人,得到了上帝的认可。 12 亚伯拉罕也是那些受到割礼的人之父,割礼并没有使他成为他们的父亲,而是靠信仰生活,亚伯拉罕才成为他们之父,亚伯拉罕受割礼之前已有了这信仰。

凭信仰得到上帝的许诺

13 亚伯拉罕和他的后代得到许诺,他们将会得到整个世界。亚伯拉罕得到这许诺,不是由于他服从了律法,而是因为通过他的信仰得到了上帝的认可。 14 如果通过守法就能得到上帝的许诺,那么信仰就毫无价值了,上帝对亚伯拉罕的许诺也就一钱不值了, 15 因为律法只能导致上帝对那些违法人的愤怒。如果没有律法,也就不会出现违背的事情了。

16 所以,由于信仰,人们得到上帝的许诺,因此这许诺是无偿的馈赠)。既然这许诺是无偿的,那么所有的亚伯拉罕的子民都能得到它。这许诺不仅仅是给予那些生活在摩西律法之下的人们,也是给予那些像亚伯拉罕那样靠信仰生活的人。亚伯拉罕是我们所有人的祖先, 17 正如《经》上所说∶“我使你成为众多民族的祖先。” [a]在上帝眼里,亚伯拉罕是我们的祖先,他信仰的上帝,既让死人复活、从无创造了万物的上帝。

18 亚伯拉罕没有指望有孩子,但他仍然相信上帝,继续心怀希望,为此他成为众多民族的祖先。正如上帝对他所说的那样∶“你的后代将多如天上的繁星。” [b] 19 亚伯拉罕将近一百岁了,他的肉体也行将就木,撒拉也不能再生育了,但是,亚伯拉罕的信仰却丝毫没有削弱, 20 他对于上帝会履行许诺毫不怀疑,他从未停止过相信上帝。他对上帝的信仰反而更加坚定,并把荣耀归于上帝。 21 他完全相信上帝能够实现他的诺言, 22 所以,这是为什么∶“他被接受,因为他仿佛做了正义的事。” [c] 23 这些话“他被接受,”不仅仅是针对亚伯拉罕所说的。 24 这些话也是针对我们而说的,因为我们相信,所以上帝也会接受我们。我们信仰使耶稣—我们的主,从死里复活的上帝。 25 为我们的罪恶,耶稣被交给了死亡,然后又让他从死里复活,为的是让我们得到上帝的认可。

Footnotes

  1. 羅 馬 書 4:17 引自《创世记》17:5
  2. 羅 馬 書 4:18 引自《创世记》17:5
  3. 羅 馬 書 4:22 引自《创世记》17:6

Abraham Justified by Faith

What then shall we say was gained by Abraham, (A)our forefather according to the flesh? For if Abraham was justified by works, he has something to boast about, but (B)not before God. For what does the Scripture say? (C)“Abraham believed God, and it was counted to him as righteousness.” Now (D)to the one who works, his wages are not counted as a gift but as his due. And to the one who does not work but (E)believes in[a] him who justifies the ungodly, his faith is counted as righteousness, just as David also speaks of the blessing of the one to whom God counts righteousness apart from works:

(F)“Blessed are those whose lawless deeds are forgiven,
    and whose sins are covered;
blessed is the man against whom the Lord will not (G)count his sin.”

Is this blessing then only for (H)the circumcised, or also for the uncircumcised? (I)For we say that faith was counted to Abraham as righteousness. 10 How then was it counted to him? Was it before or after he had been circumcised? It was not after, but before he was circumcised. 11 (J)He received the sign of circumcision as a seal of the righteousness that he had by faith while he was still uncircumcised. The purpose was (K)to make him the father of all who believe without being circumcised, so that righteousness would be counted to them as well, 12 and to make him the father of the circumcised who are not merely circumcised but who also walk in the footsteps of the faith that our father Abraham had before he was circumcised.

The Promise Realized Through Faith

13 For (L)the promise to Abraham and his offspring (M)that he would be heir of the world did not come through the law but through the righteousness of faith. 14 (N)For if it is the adherents of the law who are to be the heirs, faith is null and the promise is void. 15 For (O)the law brings wrath, but (P)where there is no law (Q)there is no transgression.

16 That is why it depends on faith, (R)in order that the promise may rest on grace and (S)be guaranteed to all his offspring—not only to the adherent of the law but also to the one who shares the faith of Abraham, (T)who is the father of us all, 17 as it is written, (U)“I have made you the father of many nations”—in the presence of the God in whom he believed, (V)who gives life to the dead and calls into existence (W)the things that do not exist. 18 In hope he believed against hope, that he should become the father of many nations, as he had been told, (X)“So shall your offspring be.” 19 He did not weaken in faith when he considered his own body, which was (Y)as good as dead ((Z)since he was about a hundred years old), or when he considered (AA)the barrenness[b] of Sarah's womb. 20 No unbelief made him waver concerning the promise of God, but he grew strong in his faith as he gave glory to God, 21 fully convinced that (AB)God was able to do what he had promised. 22 That is why his faith was “counted to him as righteousness.” 23 But (AC)the words “it was counted to him” were not written for his sake alone, 24 but for ours also. It will be counted to us (AD)who believe in (AE)him who raised from the dead Jesus our Lord, 25 (AF)who was delivered up for our trespasses and raised (AG)for our justification.

Footnotes

  1. Romans 4:5 Or but trusts; compare verse 24
  2. Romans 4:19 Greek deadness