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亚伯拉罕做因信称义的表样

如此说来,我们的祖宗亚伯拉罕凭着肉体得了什么呢? 倘若亚伯拉罕是因行为称义,就有可夸的,只是在神面前并无可夸。 经上说什么呢?说:“亚伯拉罕信神,这就算为他的义。” 做工的得工价,不算恩典,乃是该得的。 唯有不做工的,只信称罪人为义的神,他的信就算为义。 正如大卫称那在行为以外蒙神算为义的人是有福的, 他说:“得赦免其过、遮盖其罪的,这人是有福的! 主不算为有罪的,这人是有福的!” 如此看来,这福是单加给那受割礼的人吗?不也是加给那未受割礼的人吗?因我们所说,亚伯拉罕的信就算为他的义。 10 是怎么算的呢?是在他受割礼的时候呢,是在他未受割礼的时候呢?不是在受割礼的时候,乃是在未受割礼的时候。 11 并且他受了割礼的记号,做他未受割礼的时候因信称义的印证,叫他做一切未受割礼而信之人的父,使他们也算为义; 12 又做受割礼之人的父,就是那些不但受割礼,并且按我们的祖宗亚伯拉罕未受割礼而信之踪迹去行的人。 13 因为神应许亚伯拉罕和他后裔必得承受世界,不是因律法,乃是因信而得的义。 14 若是属乎律法的人才得为后嗣,信就归于虚空,应许也就废弃了。 15 因为律法是惹动愤怒的[a],哪里没有律法,哪里就没有过犯。 16 所以人得为后嗣是本乎信,因此就属乎恩,叫应许定然归给一切后裔,不但归给那属乎律法的,也归给那效法亚伯拉罕之信的。

亚伯拉罕为众信者之祖

17 亚伯拉罕所信的是那叫死人复活,使无变为有的神,他在主面前做我们世人的父,如经上所记:“我已经立你做多国的父。” 18 他在无可指望的时候,因信仍有指望,就得以做多国的父,正如先前所说:“你的后裔将要如此。” 19 他将近百岁的时候,虽然想到自己的身体如同已死,撒拉的生育已经断绝,他的信心还是不软弱, 20 并且仰望神的应许,总没有因不信心里起疑惑,反倒因信心里得坚固,将荣耀归给神, 21 且满心相信神所应许的必能做成。 22 所以这就“算为他的义”。 23 “算为他义”的这句话不是单为他写的, 24 也是为我们将来得算为义之人写的,就是我们这信神使我们的主耶稣从死里复活的人。 25 耶稣被交给人,是为我们的过犯;复活,是为叫我们称义。[b]

Footnotes

  1. 罗马书 4:15 或作:叫人受刑的。
  2. 罗马书 4:25 或作:耶稣是为我们的过犯交付了,是为我们称义复活了。

亚伯拉罕因信称义

那么,我们说我们肉体上的先祖亚伯拉罕得到了什么呢? 事实上,如果亚伯拉罕本于行为被称为义,他就有可夸耀的;然而在神面前他并没有可夸耀的。 经上到底是怎么说的呢?

亚伯拉罕信神,
这就被算为他的义。”[a]

做工的人得工钱,不算是恩典,而是应得的; 但是,一个人虽没有做工,却信靠那称不敬虔之人为义的神,这人的信就被算为义。

大卫的话

正如大卫也论到神所算为义之人的福份,这义与行为无关;他说:

“罪恶[b]被赦免、
罪孽被遮盖的人,
这人是蒙福的。
主绝不算为有罪的,
这人是蒙福的。”[c]

亚伯拉罕在受割礼前被称为义

既然如此,这福份到底是只赐给那些受割礼的人,还是也赐给那些没有受割礼的人呢?我们说:“亚伯拉罕因着信,就被算为义了。”[d] 10 那么,是怎么被算为义的呢?到底是在他受割礼之后,还是在他没有受割礼的时候呢?不是在受割礼之后,而是在没有受割礼的时候。 11 并且他领受了割礼的标记,做为他没有受割礼时因信称义的印证,使他成为所有不凭着割礼而信之人的父,也使他们被算为义; 12 而且他也成为受割礼之人的父,不仅为那些受了割礼的人,还为那些顺着我们的先祖亚伯拉罕信心之脚踪行走的人;亚伯拉罕的信心在他没有受割礼的时候就已经有了。

因信承受应许

13 原来,赐给亚伯拉罕和他后裔继承世界的应许,不是藉着律法,而是藉着因信而得的义。 14 这是因为,如果本于律法的才是继承人,信就落了空,应许也就无效了。 15 事实上,律法带来了震怒,所以哪里没有律法,哪里也就没有过犯。

16 为此,这应许是本于信,好使这应许照着恩典,能确保给所有的后裔——不仅是给属律法的,也是给属亚伯拉罕信心的。亚伯拉罕在神面前是我们每个人的父, 17 正如经上所记:“我已经指派你为众多民族的父。”[e]亚伯拉罕所信的那一位,就是叫死人得生命、使无变为有的神。 18 亚伯拉罕在没有盼望的时候,仍然怀着盼望去相信,因而成为众多民族的父,[f]正如先前所说:“你的后裔将要如此众多[g]。”[h] 19 他快到一百岁的时候,想到自己的身体如同[i]已经死了,又想到撒拉也已经不能生育,但是他的信仰却没有软弱。 20 他也没有因着不信去怀疑神的应许,反而因着信得以刚强,把荣耀归给神, 21 并且确信不疑:神所应许的,神也能成就。 22 因此,这就被算为他的义了。[j] 23 不但如此,“被算为他的义”这句话不仅是为亚伯拉罕写的, 24 也是为我们写的;我们信靠使我们的主耶稣从死人中复活的那一位,就将被算为义。 25 主耶稣被交出去,是为了我们的过犯;复活,是为了我们称义。

Footnotes

  1. 罗马书 4:3 《创世记》15:6。
  2. 罗马书 4:7 罪恶——原文直译“不法”。
  3. 罗马书 4:8 《诗篇》32:1-2。
  4. 罗马书 4:9 《创世记》15:6。
  5. 罗马书 4:17 《创世记》17:5。
  6. 罗马书 4:18 《创世记》17:5。
  7. 罗马书 4:18 众多——辅助词语。
  8. 罗马书 4:18 《创世记》15:5。
  9. 罗马书 4:19 如同——辅助词语。
  10. 罗马书 4:22 《创世记》15:6。

What shall we say then that Abraham our father, as pertaining to the flesh, hath found?

For if Abraham were justified by works, he hath whereof to glory; but not before God.

For what saith the scripture? Abraham believed God, and it was counted unto him for righteousness.

Now to him that worketh is the reward not reckoned of grace, but of debt.

But to him that worketh not, but believeth on him that justifieth the ungodly, his faith is counted for righteousness.

Even as David also describeth the blessedness of the man, unto whom God imputeth righteousness without works,

Saying, Blessed are they whose iniquities are forgiven, and whose sins are covered.

Blessed is the man to whom the Lord will not impute sin.

Cometh this blessedness then upon the circumcision only, or upon the uncircumcision also? for we say that faith was reckoned to Abraham for righteousness.

10 How was it then reckoned? when he was in circumcision, or in uncircumcision? Not in circumcision, but in uncircumcision.

11 And he received the sign of circumcision, a seal of the righteousness of the faith which he had yet being uncircumcised: that he might be the father of all them that believe, though they be not circumcised; that righteousness might be imputed unto them also:

12 And the father of circumcision to them who are not of the circumcision only, but who also walk in the steps of that faith of our father Abraham, which he had being yet uncircumcised.

13 For the promise, that he should be the heir of the world, was not to Abraham, or to his seed, through the law, but through the righteousness of faith.

14 For if they which are of the law be heirs, faith is made void, and the promise made of none effect:

15 Because the law worketh wrath: for where no law is, there is no transgression.

16 Therefore it is of faith, that it might be by grace; to the end the promise might be sure to all the seed; not to that only which is of the law, but to that also which is of the faith of Abraham; who is the father of us all,

17 (As it is written, I have made thee a father of many nations,) before him whom he believed, even God, who quickeneth the dead, and calleth those things which be not as though they were.

18 Who against hope believed in hope, that he might become the father of many nations, according to that which was spoken, So shall thy seed be.

19 And being not weak in faith, he considered not his own body now dead, when he was about an hundred years old, neither yet the deadness of Sarah's womb:

20 He staggered not at the promise of God through unbelief; but was strong in faith, giving glory to God;

21 And being fully persuaded that, what he had promised, he was able also to perform.

22 And therefore it was imputed to him for righteousness.

23 Now it was not written for his sake alone, that it was imputed to him;

24 But for us also, to whom it shall be imputed, if we believe on him that raised up Jesus our Lord from the dead;

25 Who was delivered for our offences, and was raised again for our justification.